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Manual hand tool design must meet all requirements making usable, safe and comfortable hand tool. An effective plan of design guidelines must define and implement all aspects of influence factors at the same time. Advances and innovativeness in tool design nominate complex geometry to achieve a better interaction between user and its tool. The goal of the paper is to create and evaluate an ultimate hand tool design preventing inefficiency and musculoskeletal disorders. A case study was conducted on the hammer.

Novim pristupom u implementaciji FMEA metode u sustavu novinske proizvodnje predstavljene su nesukladnosti koje se mogu pojaviti u odabranim procesima, temeljem primjene diferenciranog sustava upravljanja kvalitetom. Svaki potproces i radna aktivnost u okviru odabranih procesa novinske proizvodnje diferencirano se evaluira, a analizom se dolazi do potrebne informacije o intenzitetu pojavljivanja, serioznosti i mogućim korektivnim mjerama u svrhu postizanja i održanja visoke razine kvalitete novinskog proizvoda. FMEA analiza je predstavljena u modificiranim tabličnim obrascima za proces proizvodnje novinskog proizvoda, a temeljem dobivenih rezultata su preporučene preventivne i korektive aktivnosti. Izvedbom preventivnih i korektivnih aktivnosti, uklanja se ili minimizira pojavljivanje nesukladnosti što u konačnici proces čini konkurentnim i otklanja nesukladnosti iz proizvoda., A new approach to the FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis - analysis of potential failures and their effects) method implementation in the newspaper production system shows non-compliances that may occur in the selected processes by implementing differentiated quality management system. Each sub-process and work activity within the selected processes in the newspaper production is differentially evaluated, and analysis provides the necessary information about the intensity of occurrence, severity and possible corrective actions in order to achieve and maintain high levels of quality newspaper products. FMEA analysis is presented in the modified tables for the newspaper product production process, and the preventive and corrective actions were recommended based on the results obtained. By performing preventive and corrective actions the occurrence of non-compliance is eliminated or minimized which ultimately makes the process more competitive and removes the non-compliance from the product.

Razvoj tehnologije i novih medija izravno utječe na novinsku industriju i rezultira padom naklada novinskih izdanja. Kako bi se osigurala održivost te smanjili troškovi u novinskoj proizvodnji pristupa se traženju pogodnih metoda i alata za unapređenje sustava upravljanja kvalitetom. Poznati sustavi upravljanja kvalitetom poput ISO 9001, TQM, Lean proizvodni koncept, te QFD metoda – evaluacija funkcije kvalitete sveprisutni su u različitim proizvodnim sustavima. Svaki proizvodni sustav, pa tako i proizvodni sustav novina mora zadovoljiti potrebe kupca ali i svih drugih zainteresiranih dionika – zaposlenika, vlasnika, dobavljača itd. Iako se QFD metoda uglavnom koristi za razvoj novog proizvoda, u radu se istražuje mogućnost primjene u novinskoj proizvodnji. Ispitivanjem efekata pojedinih alata u pojedinim segmentima sustava novinske proizvodnje i njihovom prilagodbom, razvijena je nova metoda – modificirana QFD testirana u novinskim tiskarama u kojima je provedeno istraživanje. Metoda se može primijeniti u novinskim tiskarama koje će na taj način proizvodne procese učiniti učinkovitijim i osigurati održivo poslovanje., Development of technology and new media affects the newspaper industry so that it results in decline of newspaper publication circulation. Suitable methods and tools to improve quality management system have been looked for to ensure sustainability and reduce the costs in newspaper production. Well-known systems of quality management such as ISO 9001, TQM, Lean manufacturing and QFD methods – Quality Function Deployment, are ubiquitous in production systems around the world. Each production system, including the system of newspaper production must meet the customer’s requirements and all other value chain participants by recognizing the newspaper product properties. Although the QFD method is mainly used for developing a new product, this paper explores the possibility of its implementation in the newspaper production. It affects the improvement of the production process by acting preventively to detect compatibility. By examining the effects of certain tools in certain segments of the newspaper production system and their adaptation, a new method was developed - modified QFD, tested in the newspaper printing houses the research was conducted in. The method can be implemented in the newspaper production systems and thus make production processes more efficient and ensure sustainable business.

Starting point of this paper is photopolymer printing plate used for flexographic printing. It is used for transfer of the printing ink onto the printing surface during the reproduction process. Photopolymer printing plate consists of several layers: polyester basis, photo sensitive polymer material and LAMS - Laser Ablation Mask. In the platemaking process the photosensitive material, which will form a printing plate, has to be several time exposed to different radiation in order to obtain a functional printability performance. LAMS layer has a role of masking in the exposure process. Upon pre-exposure, LAMS layer has to be removed by laser ablation only at the surfaces where photopolymer printing plate needs to be exposed. After ablation the exposures to UV lights follows and the plate will be finished with chemical removal of the unexposed parts of the polymer. Functionality of the finished printing plate has to be characterised and monitored in every procedure step because the formed image element on the printing plate has a major influence on the quality of the finished printed product. In this paper observing of the changes in the polymer material which is caused by exposure through LAMS layer will be performed. The aim is to measure the surface openings on the LAMS mask and to measure surface coverage (image elements) on the polymer material formed by exposure through the LAMS. Measuring will be made by image analysis software based on microscopic images of the control fields of differing halftone values. It is assumed that there will be a correlation between the LAMS openings and formed image elements on the printing plates. Preliminary results indicate that certain differences in image elements can be detected and are probably the consequence of the different amount of irradiated surface of the polymer material. Since the polymer material which forms the printing plate should be stable in the graphic reproduction process, results of the paper will explain the influence of UV exposures on polymerisation process and on the functional printability performance of the plates.

Test charts are a tool commonly used for the evaluation of colour reproduction system accuracy. They may vary in size and choice of values tested. Within statistical quality control, the importance of random sampling is very often stipulated. However, in the context of the evaluation of colour reproduction system accuracy, samples are very small with respect to the number of possible device inputs. It is therefore very common that practically usable test charts of sizes of a few hundred patches underestimate the maximum error. Including a larger number of critical values such as those at the gamut boundary increases the probability of estimating the maximum error more accurately. However, the sample is no more random and the inclusion of a larger number of critical values inevitably increases the central tendency measures. The aim of this research is to improve the maximum error estimate, while retaining the central tendency estimates within the range of statistically insignificant differences. This is achieved by adding critical values to the chart of sufficient number of patches.

Test charts are a tool commonly used for the evaluation of colour reproduction system accuracy. They may vary in size and choice of values tested. Within statistical quality control, the importance of random sampling is very often stipulated. However, in the context of the evaluation of colour reproduction system accuracy, samples are very small with respect to the number of possible device inputs. It is therefore very common that practically usable test charts of sizes of a few hundred patches underestimate the maximum error. Including a larger number of critical values such as those at the gamut boundary increases the probability of estimating the maximum error more accurately. However, the sample is no more random and the inclusion of a larger number of critical values inevitably increases the central tendency measures. The aim of this research is to improve the maximum error estimate, while retaining the central tendency estimates within the range of statistically insignificant differences. This is achieved by adding critical values to the chart of sufficient number of patches.

The most important criterion for pronouncing a certain production process to be successful is that it produces products of the desired quality level. Attaining quality is the aim of every production process. Achieving superior quality is possible by ensuring that a production process is being conducted under the best possible conditions. Another important step toward quality is employee education. Ensuring the best production conditions and the best education of employees requires enormous investments and does not lead toward optimization because the costs of quality become too high. Printed material has the aim of meeting certain requirements for quality in order to successfully transfer the message to consumers on the competitive market. In the production process of this dynamic, every fault results with delays in delivery and quality reduction. This paper investigates current approach to quality in the graphic arts industry, and elaborates the model of applying knowledge from the field of quality management to the printing industry., Najvažniji kriterij proglašavanja nekog proizvodnog procesa uspješnim je sposobnost tog procesa da proizvede proizvod tražene kvalitete. Postizanje kvalitete je cilj svakog proizvodnog procesa. Superiornu kvalitetu moguće je postići osiguranjem najboljih mogućih uvjeta u kojima se odvija poizvodni proces. Druga važna aktivnost je edukacija kadrova. Osiguranje najboljih mogućih uvjeta i najbolje edukacije kadrova zahtijevaju velika ulaganja pa troškovi kvalitete postaju previsoki. Takav pristup, ako i jest praktično izvediv, ne vodi optimizaciji. Tiskani materijal mora udovoljiti određenim zahtjevima za kvalitetom kako bi na konkurentskom tržištu uspješno prenio poruku potencijalnom kupcu. U tako dinamičnoj proizvodnji kao što je grafička, svaka greška uzrokuje kašnjenje i pad kvalitete. U ovom članku izneseni su rezultati istraživanja trenutačnog stanja u grafičkoj industriji i prijedlog modela implementacije znanja s područja kvalitete u grafičku proizvodnju.

The critical axial load of the marine line shafting is obtained by using simplified mechanical models of two span bars with various supporting modes, loaded with constant compressive force. The values of critical forces plotted as functions of the ratios of span lengths, for several ratios of span flexural rigidities, are shown in diagrams.

In contemporary digital cameras CCD fi elds are sensitive to the visible spectrum part but also to the wider spectrum, one that is invisible to the human eye. When researching the construction of an infrared (IR) camera, we must take into account that there are two different types: a camera with an IR source and a camera without an IR source. This paper is on the research of an IR camera that operates in daylight and under artifi cial light source. Barrier fi lters are studied, i.e. their characteristics due to which they fi lter a certain part of the spectrum as well as the existing CCD fi elds in digital cameras. One of the applications for this design is detection of the INFRAREDESIGN effect on various types of material. The basic characteristic of this detection is that it is effected in the near IR area around 1000 nm.