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This research aims to analyze the relevance of Socratic analysis in the application of the dialogue method in elementary schools. The research approach uses descriptive qualitative data collection techniques using documentation studies and literature studies related to this research topic. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Hubmer analysis model, through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or data validation. The findings in this research are that the application of the dialogue method with Socratic analysis to elementary school students needs to pay attention to the stage of students' cognitive development, where there are two stages of cognitive development for elementary school students, students aged 7-11 years who are generally in grades 1- 5 are at the concrete operational stage of cognitive development. Meanwhile, students aged 11-13 years who are generally in grades 5-6 are at the formal operational cognitive development stage. In applying the dialogue method with Socratic analysis, paying attention to students' cognitive development stages is a necessity because this can influence the level of understanding of students' reasoning and the effectiveness of the dialogue process. Obstacles encountered in the dialogue process with Socratic analysis in elementary schools, the language used needs to be adjusted to students' understanding, and external conditions, namely the environment which is often less supportive.

Management is the specialized skill possessed by an individual to carry out activities independently, collectively, or through others to achieve organizational goals in a productive, effective, and efficient manner. The objectives of this research are (1) to plan a learning system to improve students' academic achievement at Al Kenzie Elementary School, (2) to design a learning system to enhance students' academic achievement at Al Kenzie Elementary School, and (3) to implement classroom management to improve students' learning achievement at Al Kenzie Elementary School. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, and the research population consists of three respondents: the school principal, class teachers, and students. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the research results, (1) the classroom design plan implemented by teachers at Al Kenzie Elementary School in the subject of Islamic religious education involves designing the classroom as a learning environment, providing and organizing facilities and learning support media, and developing and teaching according to the social, economic, cultural needs, and characteristics of different students. (2) The implementation of classroom arrangement at Al Kenzie Elementary School includes spatial arrangement, seating arrangement, effective teaching methods, and the use of supportive media. (3) The implementation of classroom management at Al Kenzie Elementary School involves creating a harmonious and communicative interaction atmosphere in the subject of Islamic religious education.

The Indonesian government has recently implemented a new education policy called "Kurikulum Merdeka". This policy aims to provide more flexibility and freedom for Madrasahs and teachers to develop their own curriculum and teaching methods that are better suited to the needs of their students. Kurikulum Merdeka is considered a departure from the previous centralized curriculum system, which was heavily focused on standardized testing and did not always reflect the diversity and local context of Indonesian society. This article aims to investigate the implications of Kurikulum Merdeka on Indonesian Madrasahs. The method used in this research was qualitative by collecting any literature related to Merdeka Belajar Curriculum. However, the implementer's attitude dimensions have a lower average value and require care. The implementer's attitude is crucial because support, resistance, and dedication are markers of the program's effectiveness. For teachers, lecturers, and students alike, MBKM is one of the crucial policies in the growth of higher institutions. There are eight Merdeka Learning Campus Merdeka programs, as shown by the findings, including: 1) student exchange, 2) apprenticeship/work experience, 3) teaching in educational establishments, 4) projects in villages, 5) research, 6) entrepreneurial endeavors, 7) independent study, and 8) charitable endeavors.

This study aims to analyze the nature of leadership in building a competitive advantage in educational institutions to win the competition between institutions. The location of research was carried out at three academic institutions with different cultures but having the same strategy in advancing their educational institutions, which are located in the province of West Java. A qualitative approach to the type of case study is used to reveal phenomena in the field. Interviews, observations and documentation are used as media to collect data. Data analysis is done through data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The research results show that; the three institutions use the nature of leadership in building competitive advantage through precise and effective strategies. Strengthening commitment, work ethic, sheer effort and maintaining partnerships is an effective strategy for leadership in managing their organization. This research provides implications about the importance of competencies, skills and other complementary aspects that a leader must possess in managing his organization to be the best of some of his competitors.

This study was motivated by the fact that teachers had many difficulties adopting the 2013 curriculum, particularly the new 2013 curriculum set at a private Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah. The goal of this study was to determine teachers' grasp of the 2013 Curriculum in terms of planning, implementation, and assessment of the learning process. The study's subjects were seven teachers and it was done at the start of the 2021/2022 school year. This is a qualitative study using the descriptive method. Data is gathered using a variety of means, including questionnaires, observations, and documentation. The expert assessment was used to conduct the instrument validity test (Judgement Expert). According to the findings of the study, 1) teachers' understanding of the 2013 curriculum as seen from planning is in the category Often (61 percent -80 percent) and the percentage of understanding is 73 percent; 2) teachers' understanding of the 2013 curriculum as seen from implementation is in the Rare category (61 percent -80 percent) and the percentage of understanding is 65 percent; and 3) teachers' understanding of the 2013 curriculum as seen from implementation is in the Rare category (61 percent -80 percent) and the percentage of understanding is 70 percent

Muscle weakness in stroke patients will affect muscle contraction. Muscle contraction due to reduced blood supply to the brain, thereby blocking the main nerves of the brain and spinal cord . Blockage ofa oxygen and nutrientsto the brain causes serious health problems because it can cause hemiparesis and even death . The occurrence ofa disturbances in the level ofa physical mobilization of patients is often caused by a movement in the form of bed rest. The ofa a weakened muscle condition associated with a lack ofa physical activity usually appear within a few days. Control ofa the brain to regulate muscle movement has decreased function resulting in reduced muscle mass. This studyiaims to determine the effectiveness ofa ROM (range of motion ) on muscle strength in stroke patients at the RoyaliPrima Hospital in Medan. This studyiusedia quasi-experiment with oneigroup pre-posttest. The instrument used is an observation sheet while the Wilcoxon test is used for testing. Prior to ROM training, most ofa the respondents ' strength was on a scale ofa 3 (67.9 %) and minority muscle strength was on a scale of 4 (10.7%). After doing ROM (Range of Motion) exercise there was an increase in muscle strength where the majority muscle strength on a scale ofa 4 was (45.5) and the muscle strength of the minority patient was on a scale ofa 5 (30.0%). There is an Effectiveness ofiROMi (Range of Motion) on Muscle Strength in Stroke Patients at the Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2021 with p-value of 0.004.Keywords: ROM, Exercises , Muscle Strength

This study aims to understand the construction of madrasah quality improvement through a leadership system in building human resource capacity building in one Madrasah Tsanawiyah in Bandung Regency. The researcher tries to understand the meaning behind school quality assurance activities by using a case study qualitative approach. Researchers conducted interviews, observations, and documentation to obtain accurate and valid information related to the research theme. Collecting, reducing, presenting data, and drawing conclusions are carried out in data analysis. The research results show that the construction of improving the quality of madrasas through a leadership system in building human resource capacity building in one Madrasah Tsanawiyah in Bandung Regency is carried out through policy analysis organizational commitment, management support system, workforce development, and continuous innovation improvement. This research has implications for the importance of leadership and capacity building that must be adequately managed to increase the competence and skills of existing personnel, thus giving birth to commitment, loyalty, and good performance quality.

This study aimed to determine the effect of the principal's motivation on teacher performance at Integrated Islamic elementary school Matahati Bandung. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach with the associative method. The population in this study amounted to 30 teachers and was taken as a sample of 30 teachers with the research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The result of this study; 1) the regression coefficient value is 1.006. So every one percent of motivation from the principal will improve teacher performance by 1,006. Thus the motivation of the principal has a positive effect on the teacher's performance. Square R-value = 0.610, hence the effect value is 61%. Thus, the provision of motivation from the principal can improve teacher performance by 60%; 2) the principal is significantly influential in efforts to improve teacher performance in SDIT Matahati with the magnitude of the influence by 90.6%; 3) Principals on teacher influence by 88.6%. The study results imply that the principal's motivation is a factor that can affect teacher performance.

This study aims to find out how the principal is in his leadership and how influential the principal's leadership is on teacher performance. The method used in this research is descriptive using a quantitative approach. Data collection was obtained from questionnaires, interviews, and documentation studies. While the data analysis uses percentage techniques for descriptive data and test eta quadrat for quantitative data. The results obtained in this study explain that the principal's leadership is in the very good category with a percentage gain of 94.6%.Teacher performance is in the very good category with a percentage gain 80.5%. The results of linear regression calculations show that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. Principal leadership contributes 37.6% to teacher performance. Which means principals have an important role in teacher performance.

Taking a part in foreign language learning in Indonesia has been an effort for the Indonesian people to be able to absorb and keep up with the development of science and meet the demand of global challenge. This study aims to investigate the implementation of foreign language learning policy at one of the state Islamic higher education as well as the challenges it encounters. The method used is descriptive qualitative by using instruments of observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results of this study show that the university implements language learning through the SKS program in regular classes, through courses in the language center, learning in the fields of Ma’had Lughawy and Ma'had Aly (Campus dormitory). Meanwhile, the problems faced in the implementation process are related to human resources, facilities, and learning methods used.

Tough gel with extreme temperature tolerance is a class of soft materials having potential applications in the specific fields that require excellent integrated properties under subzero temperature. Herein, physically crosslinked Europium (Eu)-alginate/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) organohydrogels that do not freeze at far below 0°C, while retention of high stress and stretchability is demonstrated. These organohydrogels are synthesized through displacement of water swollen in polymer networks of hydrogel to cryoprotectants (e.g., ethylene glycol, glycerol, and d-sorbitol). The organohydrogels swollen water-cryoprotectant binary systems can be recovered to their original shapes when be bent, folded and even twisted after being cooled down to a temperature as low as −20 and −45°C, due to lower vapor pressure and ice-inhibition of cryoprotectants. The physical organohydrogels exhibit the maximum stress (5.62 ± 0.41 MPa) and strain (7.63 ± 0.02), which is about 10 and 2 times of their original hydrogel, due to the synergistic effect of multiple hydrogen bonds, coordination bonds and dense polymer networks. Based on these features, such physically crosslinked organohydrogels with extreme toughness and wide temperature tolerance is a promising soft material expanding the applications of gels in more specific and harsh conditions.

This paper is based on the reality of education system in Indonesia which is still far from expectations, especially in shaping the character of teachers and students. In various cases, it is still found sexual abuse committed by teachers and students as well as the number of users and drug addicts among students. The purpose of this research is to find the root causes of problems and workable solutions to build the characters of teachers and students in the education system in Indonesia. The method used in this research is content analysis method. Data were analyzed using the approach of Sufism. This approach has three main methods which are, then, implemented in learning activities and interaction between teachers and students. The methods include takhally, tahally and tajally. Through takhally method, teachers and students are invited to have candor in doing to avoid the properties 'ujub, riya and disinterested. Moreover, tahally method becomes embedded properties of the pleasure meanwhil tawadhdhu‟ is act solely for Allah. Thus, these methods bear the loyalty of teachers, decrease negative rivalry and increase work productivity.

This study aims at seeing process freshmen of English Department students at Balitar Islamic University improve their English speaking proficiency implementing communicative approach as the teaching teachniques. This study implemented classroom action research, and was conducted for one semester in the academic year 2014/2015. Improvements were focused on fluency, accuracy and cohesiveness involving 26 subjects. Conducted in two cycles that succesviley involved research procedures on planning, acting, observing, and reflection, this study revealed the following findings. First, speaking fluency of the learners increases from 65% in the first cycle into 85% in the second cycle. Second, speaking accuracy improves from 68% in the first cycle into 88% in the second cycle. Third, cohesiveness of uttarences imoproves from 70% in the first cycle into 86% in the sevond cycle.

IntroductionOne goal of the Longitudinal Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) is to investigate the genetic etiology of early onset (40-64 years) cognitive impairment. Toward this goal, LEADS participants are screened for known pathogenic variants.MethodsLEADS amyloid-positive early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) or negative early-onset non-AD (EOnonAD) cases were whole exome sequenced (N = 299). Pathogenic variant frequency in APP, PSEN1, PSEN2, GRN, MAPT, and C9ORF72 was assessed for EOAD and EOnonAD. Gene burden testing was performed in cases compared to similar-age cognitively normal controls in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) study.ResultsPreviously reported pathogenic variants in the six genes were identified in 1.35% of EOAD (3/223) and 6.58% of EOnonAD (5/76). No genes showed enrichment for carriers of rare functional variants in LEADS cases.DiscussionResults suggest that LEADS is enriched for novel genetic causative variants, as previously reported variants are not observed in most cases.HighlightsSequencing identified eight cognitively impaired pathogenic variant carriers. Pathogenic variants were identified in PSEN1, GRN, MAPT, and C9ORF72. Rare variants were not enriched in APP, PSEN1/2, GRN, and MAPT. The Longitudinal Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) is a key resource for early-onset Alzheimer's genetic research.

This article explores the challenges faced by Chinese queer feminist activists as they navigate the rise of cyber-nationalist attacks. Drawing from the author's involvement in China's lala and feminist movements, activists writings, and three interviews, the article discusses how lala activists cope with the rising Chinese cyber-nationalism through various strategies and reconceptualize activism beyond identity groups. The first part of the paper situates the rise of nationalism in Chinese cyberspace in relation to global neo-fascism, identifying the overlapping cyber-trolling infrastructures, the basic form of "palingenetic ultra-nationalism", and the anti-gender/queer sentiments in neo-fascist movements transcending ideological and political divisions in different regions. The second part discusses the difficulties faced by lala activists when dealing with imbalanced accountability and censorship, as well as the "hegemonic masculinity" in cyber-nationalist attacks, revealing that hegemonic masculinity seeks not only to reinforce traditional gender norms but also to control everyone's personal lives. The last part argues that Chinese lala activists' friendship-based alliances provide a valuable strategy under intensifying cyber-nationalism and state censorship. By engaging in diverse social issues and collaborating with various groups, this friendship-based solidarity prioritizes a caring life and fosters a situation where activists explore different social issues, initiate actions, and seek supporters based on specific issues instead of identities. This strategy may offer valuable insights into feminist/queer resistance during dark times, when the rise of global neo-fascism and its appropriation of identity discourse increasingly creates incommensuration between national identities and gender/sexuality identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the largest alpine peat swamp wetland distribution area in the world, the Zoige has important ecological functions, including water conservation and biodiversity maintenance. In the past 20 years, the regional ecological protection and restoration measures continuously strengthened under the leadership of the local government have led to gradual improvements in the ecological environment of the region. In this study, multisource satellite remote-sensing image data were used to carry out quantitative monitoring and assessment of the main ecological elements (vegetation and water), as well as the regional leading ecosystem service function in the Zoige. Combined with local ecological protection management policies and measures, we analyzed the characteristics and effectiveness of ecological protection. We compared the ecosystem change trends of the Zoige reserve and the county, from 2001 to 2020, and found that the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) of Zoige county has increased at a rate of 0.25%/year. The growth rate was highest between 2015 and 2020, and the growth rate of FVC in the Zoige Wetland National Nature Reserve is approximately 1.89-fold that of the whole county. The water area also shows similar variation characteristics. On the whole, the water conservation capacity of the Zoige showed a significant increase from 2001 to 2020. We used high-resolution satellite remote-sensing images to capture the details of land use changes brought about by local ecological protection policies and measures, and together with macroecological indicators, we reflected on the effectiveness of regional ecological protection measures. We observed that the ecological effects of nature reserves are more direct and rapid, and the amount of water conservation within the nature reserve is about 1 × 104 m3/km2 higher than that of the surrounding grasslands. Satellite remote-sensing images can not only capture the multiscale change information of ecological indicators, such as vegetation and water, in a timely manner, but can also help us to identify the effectiveness of conservation measures by distinguishing and analyzing the causes of these changes.