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Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Actualmente, las enfermedades gastrointestinales están incluidas entre las principales enfermedades infecciosas de los porcinos, tanto por su frecuencia de aparición como por el costo económico que representan para los productores. En los últimos años, la presencia de diferentes virus entéricos, aunado a la ausencia de vacunas comerciales para su prevención de estos, ha dificultado el control de infecciones entéricas y aumentando el impacto de enteritis víricas en las explotaciones porcícolas. La Diarrea Epidémica Porcina (DEP) produce un cuadro clínico caracterizado por la rápida aparición de diarrea, que se acompaña de vómitos y deshidratación, y puede causar alta letalidad en los primeros días de vida de los lechones, así como retraso del crecimiento en los cerdos de mayor edad. La DEP es ocasionada por un alfa-coronavirus de ARN monocatenario que se replica en los enterocitos lisándolos y necrosándolos lo que conduce a la aparición de los signos clínicos dentro de los primeros 10 días posteriores al contagio. El diagnóstico molecular del virus de la DEP se considera la mejor opción debido a que es altamente sensible y específico ya que detecta la infección en las etapas iniciales y la excreción del virus durante el periodo de la infección y de seroconversión en comparación con técnicas inmunológicas.

Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA genes was applied in a molecular diagnostic analysis of healthy and dead larvae obtained from a Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) colony. The results indicated the presence of Enterococcus (Lactobacillales: Enterococcaceae) with an average abundance of 89.2% and 94.8% in healthy and dead larvae, respectively. Pseudomonas (Pseudomonadales: Pseudomonadaceae) and Acetobacter (Rhodospirillales: Acetobacteraceae) were present in lower abundance. Additional metagenomic results revealed the presence in dead larvae of viral sequences related to Alphabaculovirus in high relative abundance compared with healthy larvae. Additionally, viral sequences of tomato leaf curl Laos virus, Heliothis zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) nudivirus, Clostera anachoreta (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) granulovirus, and Tipula oleracea L. (Diptera: Tipulidae) nudivirus were detected. Our results show that molecular detection of pathogenic agents is a useful tool during insect rearing as a quality control to avoid the spread or acquisition of potential pathogens. Nuestros resultados demuestran que a través de un diagnóstico molecular en Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), usando secuenciación del 16S rDNA por Illumina MiSeq, en larvas saludables y muertas mostraron una abundancia relativa alta de Enterococcus (Lactobacillales: Enterococcaceae) con un promedio de 89.2% and 94.8% respectivamente. Mientras que Pseudomonas (Pseudomonadales: Pseudomonadaceae) y Acetobacter (Rhodospirillales: Acetobacteraceae) presentaron menor abundancia relativa. Adicionalmente, resultados de metagenomica mostraron en larvas muertas secuencias de virus relacionados con Alphabaculovirus con una abundancia relativa muy alta comparada con las larvas saludables. Se detectaron secuencias virales relacionadas al Encrespamiento amarillo de la hoja del tomate, Heliothis zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) nudivirus, Clostera anachoreta (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) granulovirus and Tipula oleracea L. (Diptera: Tipulidae) nudivirus. Nuestros resultados demuestran que una detección molecular de agentes patogénicos es primordial durante la crianza de insectos como un control de calidad para evitar su dispersión o adquisición. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: la enfermedad de Pompe (EP) o glucogenosis tipo II es una enfermedad autosómica recesiva causada por mutaciones en el gen GAA que codifica para la proteína alfa-1,4-glucosidasa. Su deficiencia lleva a un almacenamiento anormal de glucógeno en los lisosomas de varias células, a través de los diferentes tejidos, lo que causa un compromiso musculoesquelético predominante. Contenidos: los fenotipos de la enfermedad dependen de las variantes genéticas y de los niveles de la actividad enzimática residual. La enfermedad se presenta como EP de inicio infantil, EP de inicio tardío y EP intermedio, por lo que es de suma importancia su diagnóstico temprano, por medio de estudios moleculares como la secuenciación de Sanger y la secuenciación de nueva generación. Conclusiones: se ha demostrado, mediante diferentes estudios, que las variaciones genéticas pueden diferir entre etnias, y es importante su caracterización molecular para determinar el tratamiento más adecuado, de acuerdo con el estado del material inmunológico de reacción cruzada (CRIM).

As hemoparasitoses em cães podem ser causadas por diversos agentes, sendo essas doenças transmitidas por artrópodes hematófagos. Esses agentes podem causar diversas manifestações clínicas e, em alguns casos, podem matar o hospedeiro. Este estudo teve como objetivo detectar por PCR em tempo real a frequência de Ehrlichia canis, Rickettsia rickettsii, Anaplasma platys, Rangelia vitalii e Babesia canis vogeli em amostras de cães da zona sul da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Das 98 amostras de cães, 18 (18,4%) testaram positivo com reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real para pelo menos um agente estudado. Destas 18 amostras, 17 testaram positivo para um único agente (11,2% para B. canis vogeli, 1,02% para R. vitalii e 5,1% para E. canis), e uma apresentou coinfecção com B. canis vogeli e R. vitalii. Os resultados demonstram a presença de hemoparasitas nos animais estudados, o que pode influenciar a qualidade e a expectativa de vida desses animais. Além disso, é o primeiro relato da detecção de R. vitalli na zona sul de São Paulo e serve de alerta para os clínicos de pequenos animais incluírem esse agente como diagnóstico diferencial para as hemoparasitoses.

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica is the property of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present work validated and evaluated a duplex real-time RT-PCR using specific primers and probes for genes RdRp from SARS-CoV-2 and GAPDH from humans; the latter was used as an endogenous control in all reactions. We evaluated the specificity, the sensitivity, the robustness, the reproducibility, the repeatability, the comparability, and the limit of detection. The predictive positive and negative values (PPV and PNV, respectively) and all the parameters evaluated using our duplex real-time RT-PCR was 100%. The detection limit was 100 copies/μL according to the acceptance criteria established for the validation of this protocol. Our duplex real-time RT-PCR demonstrated to be a good alternative for the diagnosis of COVID-19; in addition, this PCR was used adequately in suspicion of COVID-19, allowing it to control the number of false-negatives.

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia del Virus de la Lengua Azul (VLA) en ovinos, por la técnica reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con Transcripción Reversa (RT-PCR) en tiempo real. Se evaluaron 366 ovinos procedentes de las diez provincias de la región del Perú. La metodología empleada fue la toma de muestras sanguínea de la vena yugular del ovino, seguidamente se realizó el proceso de extracción y purificación de ARN con el kit QIAmp®, luego la transcripción reversa para obtener el ADNc, y finalmente realizar la RT-PCR en tiempo real, para lo cual se utilizó el kit SuperScript III platinium One-step qRT-PCR, siendo los iniciadores y sondas dirigidos al segmento 10 del gen NS3 del VLA. Los resultados de la prueba de RT-PCR en tiempo real revelaron dos ovinos positivos con valor de ciclo umbral (Ct) de 35.21 y 35.57, siendo la prevalencia de 0.54 % de ovinos positivos a VLA en sistema de crianza extensiva, con las condiciones del ambiente que favorecen el desarrollo del vector Culicoide. Se concluye que mediante la técnica RT-PCR en tiempo real, se confirma la presencia del VLA en esta región del Perú, lo que hace necesario futuros estudios para determinar la detección de otros serotipos potenciales de VLA en la Amazonia peruana, con la finalidad de mejorar las estrategias de control de la enfermedad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia del Virus de la Lengua Azul (VLA) en ovinos, por la técnica reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con Transcripción Reversa (RT- PCR) en tiempo real. Se evaluaron 366 ovinos procedentes de las diez provincias de la región del Perú. La metodología empleada fue la toma de muestras sanguínea de la vena yugular del ovino, seguidamente se realizó el proceso de extracción y purificación de ARN con el kit QIAmp®, luego la transcripción reversa para obtener el ADNc, y finalmente realizar la RT- PCR en tiempo real, para lo cual se utilizó el kit SuperScript III platinium One- step qRT–PCR, siendo los iniciadores y sondas dirigidos al segmento 10 del gen NS3 del VLA. Los resultados de la prueba de RT-PCR en tiempo real revelaron dos ovinos positivos con valor de ciclo umbral (Ct) de 35.21 y 35.57, siendo la prevalencia de 0.54 % de ovinos positivos a VLA en sistema de crianza extensiva, con las condiciones del ambiente que favorecen el desarrollo del vector Culicoide. Se concluye que mediante la técnica RT-PCR en tiempo real, se confirma la presencia del VLA en esta región del Perú, lo que hace necesario futuros estudios para determinar la detección de otros serotipos potenciales de VLA en la Amazonia peruana, con la finalidad de mejorar las estrategias de control de la enfermedad.

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a health problem worldwide, reason why methods as the GeneXpert are needed to carry out a quick and safe diagnosis. Objective: To determine the accuracy of GeneXpert as a method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in Santiago de Cuba in connection with the traditional studies. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out from December, 2018 to the same month in 2019 of 31 patients to whom the 3 methods for the diagnosis of tuberculosis were carried out. Some variables were used, such as age, sex, studied samples, positivity of the used methods, as well as consistency between the GeneXpert and the culture by means of the Kappa index. Results: In the series there was a prevalence of the patients over 50 years (48.4 %), male sex (66.7 %) and sputum as more representative sample (80.6 %); also, the culture was positive in 32.3 % and GeneXpert in 22.6 %. As long as, tuberculosis was diagnosed in 11 patients and the Kappa index was 0.58. Conclusions: The determination of GeneXpert in the diagnosis of tuberculosis is necessary, given its high sensibility and specificity in connection with the traditional studies of sputum and culture, which was confirmed due to the high consistency of the Kappa index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to detect the presence of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) proviral DNA in asymptomatic domestic cats (Feliz catus). The polymerase chain reaction technique was performed from 50 animals. For this, blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture, aseptically for storage of 1-2 mL of whole blood. The animals that participated in the study were part of the castration project "Vida digna" at the Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. And the choice of animals was performed randomly, without distinction by sex or age, resulting in 29 females and 21 males. For diagnosis, DNA extraction was performed, then the samples were tested in two PCR reactions using two sets of FIV gag gene primers. A prevalence of 2% (1/50) was observed, thus confirming the presence of the virus in the city of Belém. Thus, highlighting the importance of testing the felines even if they are asymptomatic. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out future work that expands the sample number of animals tested in order to elucidate the epidemiological profile of the disease in the region of Belém do Pará, considering the clinical relevance of this infection and the correct veterinary medical conduct to avoid new infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes is the property of Editorial Sanchez y Barcelo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present work validated and evaluated a duplex real-time RT-PCR using specific primers and probes for genes RdRp from SARS-CoV-2 and GAPDH from humans; the latter was used as an endogenous control in all reactions. We evaluated the specificity, the sensitivity, the robustness, the reproducibility, the repeatability, the comparability, and the limit of detection. The predictive positive and negative values (PPV and PNV, respectively) and all the parameters evaluated using our duplex real-time RT-PCR was 100%. The detection limit was 100 copies/µL according to the acceptance criteria established for the validation of this protocol. Our duplex real-time RT-PCR demonstrated to be a good alternative for the diagnosis of COVID-19; in addition, this PCR was used adequately in suspicion of COVID-19, allowing it to control the number of false-negatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: las miotonías hereditarias son enfermedades del músculo esquelético, clínica y genéticamente heterogéneas, caracterizadas por presentar miotonía (retraso en la relajación muscular). Se dividen en distróficas y no distróficas, las cuales son causadas por mutaciones en el ADN. Objetivo: describir los hallazgos más relevantes sobre algunas miotonías hereditarias en Costa Rica. Metodología: se realizaron estudios genético-moleculares en individuos afectados con una condición miotónica y sus familiares en riesgo genético. Resultados: la mutación de la distrofia miotónica tipo 1 (DM1) se encontró en 246 individuos. Nuestros estudios contribuyeron a mejorar la correlación entre el tamaño de la mutación y la edad de inicio de los síntomas, además, se demostró el papel modificador de algunos otros factores genéticos en la DM1. De las familias de 18 pacientes negativos para la mutación DM1, en ocho se logró identificar una mutación en genes que proporcionan la información para formar canales iónicos. Los análisis de función ayudaron a mostrar que esas mutaciones ocasionan cambios estructurales y estos modifican las propiedades de los canales, provocando una pérdida o ganancia de su función. Conclusiones: este trabajo permitió la clasificación clínica correcta de muchos pacientes, así como explorar las bases genéticas y moleculares de la variabilidad clínica de estas enfermedades, mediante la búsqueda de factores modificadores de la DM1 y los estudios funcionales de mutaciones causantes de canalopatías hereditarias, aspecto clave para asesorar a pacientes y familias y abordar la enfermedad de la forma más adecuada.

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, that causes the COVID-19 disease, has become a global public health problem that requires the implementation of rapid and sensitive diagnostic tests. Aim: To evaluate and compare the sensitivity of LAMP assay to a standard method and use RT-LAMP for the diagnosis of SARSCoV-2 in clinical samples from Colombian patients. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 25 nasopharyngeal swab samples including negative and positive samples for SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed, through the RT-LAMP method compared to the RT-qPCR assay. Results: LAMP method detected ~18 copies of the N gene, in 30 min, evidenced a detection limit similar to the standard method, in a shorter time and a concordance in RT-LAMP of 100% with the results. Conclusions: RT-LAMP is a sensitive, specific, and rapid method that can be used as a diagnostic aid of COVID-19 disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite thousands of sporotrichosis cases related to the zoonotic transmission of Sporothrixbrasiliensis have been described, the diagnostic gold standard is still the classical culturing methods. The mycological culture results are available after seven to 30 days of incubation. Since an early diagnosis contributes to improving the treatment and to the spread control of this mycosis, studies evaluating faster diagnostic methods are needed. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the species-specific PCR for the sporotrichosis diagnosis caused by S. brasiliensis, using samples collected with a non-invasive technique. Seventy-four swabs from feline (n=64), canine (n=5), and human (n=5) suspect sporotrichosis cases were included. All samples were submitted to classical methods for diagnosis and to S. brasiliensis-specific PCR. Using mycological culture as the gold standard, the diagnosis of S. brasiliensis-caused infection was confirmed in 69% (51/74) of the cases. PCR was positive in 30 out of these 51 cases, showing 59% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 72% accuracy, 100% positive predictive value, and 52% negative predictive value. Consequently, more studies are needed to elucidate the interference factors that culminated with the high rate of false-negative results and then optimize this molecular test for the accurate diagnosis of infections caused by S. brasiliensis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In Mexico, allergen immunotherapy (AIT) and immunotherapy with hymenoptera venom (VIT) is traditionally practiced combining aspects of the European and American school. In addition, both types of extracts (European and American) are commercially available in Mexico. Moreover, for an adequate AIT/VIT a timely diagnosis is crucial. Therefore, there is a need for a widely accepted, up-to-date national immunotherapy guideline that covers diagnostic issues, indications, dosage, mechanisms, adverse effects and future expectations of AIT (GUIMIT 2019). Method: With nationwide groups of allergists participating, including delegates from postgraduate training-programs in Allergy/Immunology-forming, the guideline document was developed according to the ADAPTE methodology: the immunotherapy guidelines from European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology, The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology and American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology were selected as mother guidelines, as they received the highest AGREE-II score among international guidelines available; their evidence conforms the scientific basis for this document. Results: GUIMIT emanates strong or weak (suggestions) recommendations about practical issues directly related to in vivo or in vitro diagnosis of IgE mediated allergic diseases and the preparation and application of AIT/VIT and its adverse effects. GUIMIT finishes with a perspective on AIT modalities for the future. All the statements were discussed and voted on until > 80 % consensus was reached. Conclusion: A wide and diverse group of AIT/VIT experts issued transculturized, evidence-based recommendations and reached consensus that might improve and standardize AIT practice in Mexico.

En Argentina, la producción porcina constituye una actividad en constante aumento, en particular, para la pequeña agricultura familiar. No obstante, este tipo de producción posee ciertas limitaciones (estructurales y ambientales) que, entre otras consecuencias, propician la transmisión enzoótica y zoonótica de diversas infecciones. En este sentido, Entamoeba polecki pertenece al grupo de amebas intestinales que tiene como principal hospedero al cerdo y que con base en diferencias nucleotídicas presentes en una pequeña región del gen ARN ribosomal 18S se distinguen cuatro subtipos (ST1, ST2, ST3 y ST4) que estarían relacionados con el hospedero que parasitan. Se especula que la infección por esta ameba contribuiría al agravamiento de cuadros digestivos producidos por otros patógenos. Por lo expuesto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si distintos sistemas de producción porcina constituyen un factor de riesgo para la adquisición de E. polecki. Con este propósito, se colectaron y procesaron heces de cerdos procedentes de pequeñas producciones rurales de Misión Nueva Pompeya (provincia de Chaco) y de cerdos procedentes de una estación productiva de Marcos Juárez (provincia de Córdoba). Las heces procesadas fueron inspeccionadas por microscopía óptica y utilizadas para el diagnóstico molecular por PCR. Para lo cual un par de cebadores específicos de E. polecki, que amplifica un fragmento del gen ARN ribosomal 18S, fue diseñado. Los fragmentos amplificados y secuenciados del gen ARN ribosomal 18S confirmaron la presencia de E. polecki en las muestras.Además, el análisis filogenético permitió establecer los subtipos circulantes en los cerdos, los cuales correspondieron a ST1 y ST3. A nuestro entender, este es el primer reporte de diagnóstico y caracterización de E. polecki en Argentina, asociado a la producción porcina.

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas is the property of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Horticolas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La brucelosis es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por microorganismos del género Brucella que afectan a diferentes especies de mamíferos; la cual provoca aborto, epididimitis, vesiculitis, nacimiento de terneros débiles, merma en la producción de leche, infertilidad y subfertilidad en vacas y toros. La enfermedad por ser zoonótica se considera un problema de salud pública. El objetivo de este diagnóstico fue identificar Brucella abortus mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. Se logró amplificar un fragmento de 223 pb de la región del gen BCSP31 como fuente de ADN, obtenido a partir de muestras de nódulos linfáticos de la región cervical, pulmonar, bronquial, retrofaríngea y mediastínica. Se analizaron 115 animales faenados en un camal de Loja en el año 2015. La edad de los animales osciló entre 4 y 6 años. En el 14,8 % (17) de los animales faenados se registró positividad a la prueba; aunque la presencia de la bacteria se observó con mayor frecuencia en las regiones cervical, bronquial y retrofaríngea. Con el presente estudio mediante la prueba molecular de PCR se demuestra la presencia de la bacteria Brucella abortus al encontrarla en nódulos linfáticos de animales faenados en el cantón Loja.

A nivel mundial se estima que en 2018 hubo alrededor de 10 millones de nuevos casos de tuberculosis (TBC). La detección molecular es una herramienta diagnóstica crecientemente utilizada para el diagnóstico de TBC. Los predictores de riesgo para TBC pulmonar son variados y varían de acuerdo a la población estudiada. Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron: evaluar la performance de la detección de M. tuberculosis por la técnica Xpert® MTB/RIF para el diagnóstico de TBC pulmonar y determinar los factores predictores de presencia de esta enfermedad en pacientes asistidos en el Hospital Pasteur de Montevideo. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Se incluyeron 254 pacientes, 68 con TBC pulmonar. La sensibilidad de la prueba Xpert® MTB/RIF para detectar M. tuberculosis fue 100% (IC 95%: 91,2-100) y la especificidad 95,1% (IC 95%: 83,9-98,7). En el análisis multivariado se evidenció que los predictores independientes para presencia de TBC pulmonar fueron: contacto cercano con otro caso de TBC (p

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis of great importance in public health. One hundred and four urine samples from slaughtered cattle in Midwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil were evaluated to detect Leptospira spp. The samples were kept in PBS and in cultures of EMJH and Fletcher. We observed growth of microorganisms in 13 samples of Fletcher medium, although it was not observed in EMJH medium. By PCR, 25 animals (samples) were positive with LEP1/LEP2 primers, which of them 16 samples were kept in PBS, six samples in Fletcher medium and three in EMJH medium. The 25 samples were submitted to PCR with the LipL32 gene to verify the pathogenicity. One sample amplified and by sequencing resulted in 99.77% of similarity to Leptospira kirschneri serovar Canicola and Leptospira interrogans serovar Pyrogenes. This is the first report of isolation of Leptospira kirschneri serovar Canicola and Leptospira interrogans serovar Pyrogenes from bovine urine sample in the Midwest Region of São Paulo state, Brazil. We concluded the importance of leptospirosis in the herd evaluated and the attention for the occupational risk, because of the possibility of contaminated urine in the pastures and the spread of infection to other animals and contacting persons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agriscientia is the property of Revista AgriScientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Chagas disease, caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is an anthropozoonosis of great importance for public health. Several species of mammals are reservoirs for this parasite, including dogs. The objective of this work was to verify the natural infection by T. cruzi in the population of dogs of the municipality of Ituberá, Bahia. A total of 392 domiciled dogs from all districts of the city were evaluated; five milliliters of blood was collected from the dogs for molecular diagnosis. T. cruzi DNA was amplified through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR); the primers P35 and P36, which amplify a fragment of 330 bp, were used. The PCR products were subjected to 2% agarose gel electrophoresis containing Sybr (Invitrogen). Of the 392 dogs evaluated, only 2 (0.51%) animals, one male and one female, tested positive for T. cruzi. This study concluded that there are dogs naturally infected by T. cruzi in the municipality of Ituberá-Bahia and that this finding is an alert to veterinarians, health professionals, and local health authorities that their own dogs can act as reservoirs of the disease.

Vector-borne diseases are currently one of the biggest public health concerns worldwide. Dogs, being the closest companion animals to humans, are considered the main reservoir of some of these diseases in the urban environment. Therefore, the study of the disease behavior in dogs can help to understand the disease affecting human health. Serological and molecular diagnoses of Babesia vogeli, Rangelia vitalli, Leishmania infantum, and other trypanosomatids, were performed by immunochromatographic and PCR assays, respectively, on dogs in a dog shelter located in an Atlantic Forest fragment near the Billings Dam, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo-Brazil. Our molecular diagnostic results showed a high prevalence of Babesia vogeli, at 20.9% (17/81). No other protozoan was detected in any of the tests. Determining the prevalence of major vector-borne diseases is essential to establish preventive and control measures for zoonotic diseases in animals kept in shelters, in order to minimize the impact of vector-borne diseases on animal health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Compendium of Veterinary Sciences / Compendio de Ciencias Veterinarias is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asuncion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Virus del género Begomovirus infectan cultivos de importancia económica en todo el mundo, incluyendo ají. A la fecha, en Colombia no hay reportes de la presencia de begomovirus infectando este cultivo, por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la presencia de virus de este género en ají empleando estrategias moleculares. Se colectaron 197 muestras de ají en diez municipios del Valle del Cauca. Se extrajo el DNA genómico total vegetal y mediante PCR se detectó la presencia de begomovirus. Para establecer la identidad molecular del virus se amplificaron fragmentos de 1,4 kb de muestras colectadas en Palmira y Vijes. Los fragmentos fueron clonados, secuenciados y analizados. Se encontró que el 85,7 % de las muestras de ají evaluadas fueron positivas para begomovirus. Los análisis de secuencia de los fragmentos virales de 1,4 kb arrojaron una identidad de 91,8 % entre ellos y los de secuencia de nucleótidos de los virus aislados en Vijes y Palmira mostró que éstos presentan los valores de identidad más altos (87,2 % y 86,6 %) con el virus de la distorsión de la hoja de maracuyá, un begomovirus aislado de maracuyá en Colombia. Estos análisis estarían indicando que este begomovirus aislado de ají podría ser una nueva especie. De acuerdo con la literatura, este es el primer reporte de un begomovirus infectando cultivos de ají en Colombia. Virus del género Begomovirus infectan cultivos de importancia económica en todo el mundo, incluyendo ají. A la fecha, en Colombia no hay reportes de la presencia de begomovirus infectando este cultivo, por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la presencia de virus de este género en ají empleando estrategias moleculares. Se colectaron 197 muestras de ají en diez municipios del Valle del Cauca. Se extrajo el DNA genómico total vegetal y mediante PCR se detectó la presencia de begomovirus. Para establecer la identidad molecular del virus se amplificaron fragmentos de 1,4 kb de muestras colectadas en Palmira y Vijes. Los fragmentos fueron clonados, secuenciados y analizados. Se encontró que el 85,7 % de las muestras de ají evaluadas fueron positivas para begomovirus. Los análisis de secuencia de los fragmentos virales de 1,4 kb arrojaron una identidad de 91,8 % entre ellos y los de secuencia de nucleótidos de los virus aislados en Vijes y Palmira mostró que éstos presentan los valores de identidad más altos (87,2 % y 86,6 %) con el virus de la distorsión de la hoja de maracuyá, un begomovirus aislado de maracuyá en Colombia. Estos análisis estarían indicando que este begomovirus aislado de ají podría ser una nueva especie. De acuerdo con la literatura, este es el primer reporte de un begomovirus infectando cultivos de ají en Colombia.

Viruses of the genus Begomovirus infect crops of economic importance around the world, including pepper. To date, in Colombia there are no reports of the presence of begomoviruses infecting this crop; therefore, this research work aimed to identify the presence of viruses of this genus in pepper using molecular strategies. Around 197 pepper samples were collected in ten municipalities in Valle del Cauca. Total plant genomic DNA was extracted, and the presence of begomoviruses was detected by using PCR. In order to establish the molecular identity of the virus, fragments of 1.4 kb were amplified from samples collected in Palmira and Vijes municipalities. The fragments obtained were cloned, sequenced, and analyzed. The results show that about 85.7 % of the pepper samples evaluated were positive for begomoviruses. Sequence analysis of the viral fragments of 1.4 kb showed an identity of 91.8 % among them. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the begomoviruses isolated in Vijes and Palmira showed its highest identity values (87.2 % and 86.6 %) with the passion fruit leaf distortion virus, a begomovirus that is affecting passion fruit crops in Colombia. These sequences analyze would indicate that this begomovirus isolated from pepper could be a new species that has not been reported worldwide. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a begomovirus infecting pepper crops in Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jornal de Pediatria is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: In Mexico, allergen immunotherapy (AIT) and immunotherapy with hymenoptera venom (VIT) is traditionally practiced combining aspects of the European and American school. In addition, both types of extracts (European and American) are commercially available in Mexico. Moreover, for an adequate AIT/VIT a timely diagnosis is crucial. Therefore, there is a need for a widely accepted, up-to-date national immunotherapy guideline that covers diagnostic issues, indications, dosage, mechanisms, adverse effects and future expectations of AIT (GUIMIT 2019). Method: With nationwide groups of allergists participating, including delegates from postgraduate training-programs in Allergy/Immunology-forming, the guideline document was developed according to the ADAPTE methodology: the immunotherapy guidelines from European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology, The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology and American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology were selected as mother guidelines, as they received the highest AGREE-II score among international guidelines available; their evidence conforms the scientific basis for this document. Results: GUIMIT emanates strong or weak (suggestions) recommendations about practical issues directly related to in vivo or in vitro diagnosis of IgE mediated allergic diseases and the preparation and application of AIT/VIT and its adverse effects. GUIMIT finishes with a perspective on AIT modalities for the future. All the statements were discussed and voted on until > 80 % consensus was reached. Conclusion: A wide and diverse group of AIT/VIT experts issued transculturized, evidence-based recommendations and reached consensus that might improve and standardize AIT practice in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Few studies in tropical developing countries have utilized molecular diagnosis to characterize allergen-specifi c responses to aeroallergens. Objective: To investigate the in vivo and in vitro responses of IgE antibodies to inhalant allergens in allergic patients with rhinitis and/or asthma. Methods: A prospective study in which patients with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma were included. Skin prick tests with 16 inhalant extracts of allergens were carried out and total and specific IgE levels for allergens and their molecular components in the serum were determined. Results: In a total of 189 patients, 73.5% showed high levels of total IgE in the serum. The prick tests were positive for the following allergens: Dust mite extracts; more than 60 %, cat; 29.6 %, dog; 23.4 %, and Periplaneta Americana; 21.6 %. Specific IgE for Dermatophagoides farinae and Pteronyssinus was present in 66.6 % of the patients; for Blomia tropicalis; in 45.0 %, for Ascaris lumbricoides; in 24.7 %, for cat; in 17.3 %, for parrot feathers; in 14.8 %, and for Penicillium notatum; in 12.3 %. IgE antibodies to mite allergens of group 1 and 2 were present in 59.0 % and 70.1 % of the sera; 39.1 % contained IgE to rBlo t5, 30.4 %contained rBla g4, 19.9 % contained rFel d1, 11.8 % contained rArt v3, 11.2 % contained Der p10, 9.9 % contained rBla g2, 9.3 % contained rPer a7, 9.3 % contained nFel d2, and 8.7 % contained rCan f1. Conclusions: This study confirms that mites are the main sensitizing agents in patients with respiratory allergic diseases in a tropical environment. There was a good correlation between the results of the skin tests and the results of the in vitro tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A leptospirose nos bovinos é caracterizada por determinar perdas econômicas significativas devido a problemas de caráter reprodutivo além de queda na produção de carne e leite. Os abortamentos subsequentes podem ser ocasionados pela persistência do agente no trato reprodutivo, tornando-se, consequentemente, uma possível fonte de transmissão de leptospiras. O presente estudo objetivou investigar, através de avaliação histológica e imunohistoquímica, a colonização vaginal de vacas com reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) anti-Leptospira positiva no fluido vaginal. O estudo foi conduzido em duas etapas: a primeira identificou os animais portadores a partir da PCR em amostras de fluido vaginal, urina e rim pertencentes a 147 vacas destinadas ao abate comercial em matadouro, sob inspeção oficial, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Na segunda etapa foi realizado o processamento histológico de fragmentos vaginais dos animais com fluido vaginal positivo à PCR utilizando as técnicas de hematoxilina-eosina (HE) e imunohistoquímica (IHQ). Das 147 amostras de fluido vaginal analisadas, 28% (41/147) apresentaram positividade na PCR e constituíram o grupo de trabalho para as análises histológicas. Ressalta-se que destas amostras, 82,92% (34/41) apresentaram também a presença de DNA leptospírico na urina e/ou rim, enquanto que 17,08% (7/41) foram negativos à PCR de urina e/ou rim. Não foram identificadas alterações patológicas vaginais compatíveis com a infecção por leptospiras nem se verificou a presença da bactéria no epitélio vaginal através das técnicas de HE e IHQ, respectivamente. Desta forma, apesar da evidência molecular da presença de DNA leptospírico no fluido vaginal de animais carreadores, aparentemente, o agente não coloniza a mucosa vaginal. Acreditamos que futuros estudos sejam necessários para avaliar a colonização por leptospiras em diversos locais do trato genital de vacas.

This work aims to detect the presence of Babesia canis vogeli in dogs from Recife, Pernambuco via molecular and parasitological detection methods, and to assess the risk factors associated with this parasite. A total of 146 dogs (male and female) of varying breeds and ages that presented clinical symptoms of babesiosis were assessed at a clinical care center in the Veterinary School Hospital. Blood was obtained via venopuncture for hemoparasite detection and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using a commercial kit, DNA was extracted from blood samples. For the PCR reaction, an approximately 590 base pair long genetic sequence was used to detect the presence of B. canis vogeli. The forward primer, denoted as BAB1 (5’-GTG AAC CTT ATC ACT TAA AGG-3’), was specific for a conserved region on the 18S rRNA gene of Babesia spp., and the antisense primer was denoted as BAB4 (5’-CAA CTC CTC CAC GCA ATC G-3’). PCR results suggested that the percentage of Babesia canis vogeli infection was 4.8%. Through descriptive statistical analysis of the data, we observed that there was higher frequency of parasite infection associated with male dogs above two years of age, with a defined breed, from the countryside, are domiciled, and also suffer from tick infestation. We conclude that regardless of the type of risk factor, babesiosis can be found throughout Recife, Pernambuco, and its prevalence does not vary in most regions of Brazil. Our results indicate that PCR is a sensitive test for the detection of blood parasites, and should be performed as a clinical routine.

Objetivou-se com este estudo investigar a ocorrência de Mycoplasma spp., Mycoplasma galissepticum (MG) e Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) em psitacídeos de cativeiro localizado no estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Foram estudadas 85 aves provenientes do Parque Estadual Dois Irmãos, localizado no estado do Pernambuco, Brasil. De cada psitacídeo analisado foram obtidas três amostras por meio de swabs da cloaca, palato e conjuntiva totalizando 255 amostras. As amostras coletadas foram submetidas à extração de DNA e à reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), sendo as positivas submetidas ao isolamento em ágar Frey. O DNA de Mycoplasma spp. foi detectado em 16,47% (14/85) dos psitacídeos estudados. Das 255 amostras analisadas, 6,66% (17/255) foram positivas para a presença de Mycoplasma spp., sendo 41,18% (7/17) provenientes da conjuntiva, 35,29% (6/17) do palato e 23,53% (4/17) da cloaca. Nenhuma amostra foi positiva para MG ou MS na PCR. Os resultados obtidos permitem confirmar a presença do DNA de Mycoplasma spp. em conjuntiva, palato e cloaca nas aves estudadas. Foram detectadas colônias semelhantes a membros da classe Mollicutes em 17,64% das amostras (3/17). Esse é o primeiro relato da presença de Mycoplasma spp. em psitacídeos de cativeiro no Nordeste do Brasil.

Objetivo: Estandarizar una técnica de PCR para la detección de Chlamydia trachomatis . Materiales y método: Estudio experimental en el que se optimizaron las condiciones de PCR para la detección in vitro de C. trachomatis . Se utilizó ADN de C. trachomatis VR885D y los cebadores CtP1 5 ́-TAGTAACTGCCACTTCATCA-3 ́ y CtP2 5 ́- TTCCCCTTGTAATTCGTTGC-3 , que amplificaron un segmento de 201 pb del plásmido clamidial. Se realizaron diluciones logarítmicas de ADN clamidial y fueron empleados para determinar la sensibilidad analítica expresada como copias de plásmidos y/o de cuerpos elementales. La especificidad analíti - ca de la prueba se evaluó usando los cebadores CtP1 y CtP2 y ADN de microorganismos colonizadores y/o patógenos urogenitales. La variabilidad intraensayo fue evaluada sobre muestras por triplicado, mientras que la variabilidad interensayo se determinó mediante comparación de los resultados obtenidos por tres técnicos en diferentes días. Resultados: Las condiciones de PCR para la amplificación del gen de interés fueron estable - cidas (94°C/4 min; 40 ciclos de 94°C/1 min, 56°C/1 min. y 72°C/1.5 min; 72°C/4 min); 1.5 mM MgCl 2 y 1 U/μL Ta q polimerasa. La sensibilidad analítica de la PCR fue de 10 -17 g de ADN , equivalentes a una copia del plásmido o menos de un cuerpo elemental de C. tracho - matis. Los cebadores CtP1 y CtP2 amplificaron específicamente el ADN de C. trachomatis bajo las condiciones experimentales evaluadas. La repetitibilidad y reproducibilidad de la PCR se determinó con experimentos de variabilidad intra e interensayo respectivamente. Conclusiones: La estandarización de esta PCR es el primer paso para su utilización en el diagnóstico de infecciones por C. trachomatis . Se requieren estudios adicionales de validación clínica de ésta prueba.

ABSTRACT: This report describes the clinical, pathological, and molecular aspects of a pneumonia by Cryptococcus neoformans in a goat in the Southern region of Brazil. A goat with a history of prolonged transportation presented dyspnea, nasal discharge and cough, and was subjected to necropsy, histopathology, and mycological evaluation. Grossly, cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation was observed, characterized by firm and grayish areas interspersed with dark red foci. Histopathology of the lungs showed areas of parenchymal necrosis, containing blastoconidia with a slightly basophilic central cell, surrounded by an unstained capsule. It was associated with moderate granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate and peripheral fibrosis. The capsule and fungus cell exhibited marked Alcian Blue and periodic acid-Schiff staining, respectively. Diagnosis of fungal pneumonia by C. neoformans was based on clinical, pathological, and molecular findings.

Abstract Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) theileri is a flagellated protozoan that infects ruminants and it displays high genetic diversity. In this study, we investigated the prevalence rates of this protozoan based on hemoculture and molecular diagnosis. The isolates of T. theileri thus obtained were characterized by molecular markers SSU rDNA and gGAPDH and molecular diagnosis based on Cathepsin L-like gene (PCR-TthCATL). The PCR-TthCATL and hemoculture indicated an overall prevalence rate of 8.13%, and the CATL derived sequence named IB was identified for the first time in cattle in the western Amazon region, as well as IF in Brazil. We also describe a possible new PCR-TthCATL derived sequence in cattle, designated IL.

A Doença de Chagas, causada pelo protozoário flagelado Trypanosoma cruzi, é uma antropozoonose de grande importância para a saúde pública. Diversas espécies de mamíferos são reservatórios do parasita, incluindo o cão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a infecção natural por T. cruzi na população de cães do município de Ituberá, Bahia. Foram avaliados 392 cães domiciliados, em todos os bairros do município, dos quais foram coletados 5mL de sangue para realização do diagnóstico molecular. A amplificação do DNA de T. cruzi foi através da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), com os primers P35 e P36, que amplificam um fragmento de 330 pb. Os produtos das PCRs foram submetidos à eletroforese em gel de agarose a 2% contendo Sybr (Invitrogen®). Dos 392 cães avaliados, apenas 2 (0,51%) animais, um macho e uma fêmea, foram positivos no diagnóstico molecular de T. cruzi. Conclui-se com esse estudo que há cães naturalmente infectados pelo T. cruzi no município de Ituberá-Bahia e que este achado constitui um alerta aos veterinários, profissionais da saúde e autoridades sanitárias locais, cujos cães podem atuar como reservatórios da doença.

El diagnóstico molecular es una área dinámica en constante desarrollo que ha revolucionado el diagnóstico clínico. La detección y cuantificación específica de material genético en una muestra biológica ha mostrado un significativo impacto en todas las áreas de la salud, sobre todo en las áreas de las enfermedades infecciosas y el cáncer. El desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías, más rápidas y precisas, ha transformado al diagnóstico molecular en una herramienta clave para el equipo clínico en directo beneficio del paciente. Esta revisión se enfoca en el impacto de la biología molecular en el diagnóstico, describiendo algunos aspectos históricos, las principales técnicas utilizadas y sus proyecciones.