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Appendix of: Vigne J.-D., Briois F., Guilaine J. (eds.), « Klimonas, an Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic village in Cyprus », Gallia Préhistoire & Paléorient, International Supplement 1, CNRS Éditions, Paris, 2023., Annexe de : Vigne J.-D., Briois F., Guilaine J. (dir.), « Klimonas, un village néolithique pré-céramique ancien à Chypre », Gallia Préhistoire & Paléorient, Supplément international 1,CNRS Éditions, Paris, 2023.

Neutral host SCPs represent a key element of the 5G vision of ultra-dense mobile networks. However, current business models mostly focus on multi-year agreements for large venues, such as stadiums and hotel chains. These business agreements are regulated through binding SLAs, which tend to be too cumbersome and costly for smaller-scale SCPs. As a result, the neutral host model does not scale up to its full potential. In this article, we propose a framework to enable the participation of small- to medium-sized players in the cellular market as providers offering network resources to MNOs. To this purpose, we review the current and emerging spectrum and technology opportunities that SCPs can use for neutral host deployments. We also propose the use of blockchain-enabled smart contracts as a simple and cost-efficient alternative to traditional SLAs for small-scale SCPs. To demonstrate this, we describe a proof of concept implementation of an Ethereum-based smart contract platform for best effort service between an SCP and an MNO. Our simulations on potential smart contract-based deployments in city center Dublin show that the received signal strength in the considered area will increase by an average of 10 percent.

The purpose of this paper is the detailed study of one of the excavations that has marked the evolution of Fontbouïsse of MITRA III located in Garons (Gard, France) whilst focussing on the development and the disappearance of enclosures in the south of France. The site located near to a site known as Puech Ferrier, an unpublished enclosure of MITRA III excavated in 2011, was first excavated in 2012 within the framework of preventive archaeology. This exploration of a 5000 m ² surface revealed the southern part and the entrance of an installation delimited by at least two ditches which succeed one another, dating to a period between the 27th and 24th centuries BC that includes the development of the culture of Fontbouïsse, the Campaniforme (Bell Beaker) and the emergence of the early Bronze (BA2). A network of three concentric ditches, the innermost enclosure being the oldest, makes up the first enclosure, where an interruption in the ditches allows access to the site. A later much larger wider and deeper ditch cuts across the first enclosure. The paper focusses on the study of this ditch and its fill, which is the only enclosed site dating to the Late Neolithic in the south of France. Observed over nearly 90 m, this ditch delimits the southern part of the site. It contains fragments of mudbrick over a silty ashy layer the anthracological spectrum of which contains mainly by oak. Based on the results of stratigraphic and soil micromorphology, a phased filling of the ditch can be proposed. Micro-and macroscopic characterization of the earthen elements found in the ditch have specified the nature of the cob and wattle and daub and the demolished structure they came from. The findings reveal that the ditch remained open for a relatively short period of time, after which a cob structure, perhaps a wall, was installed, the base of which is preserved in a portion of the ditch. The ditch was then filled in by the destruction of another earthen and wood structure. This architecture could have been used to strengthen the monumental aspect of the enclosure, the hypothesis being that it copied a layout observed on other Fontbuxien settlements. A violent fire subsequently destroyed this ditch-wall enclosure and a possible adjoining building. Following on from this event, the ditch was re-dug before being filled in after the site is abandoned. The exact dating of the ditch and the destruction of the earthen wall remain imprecise. Some elements found in the lower ditch fill date to the first phase of the Fontbouïsse culture. They stylistically refer productions from the plain of Hérault and Gard. However, the destruction of the earthen architecture is dated by radiocarbon analysis and pottery found in the upper layers and the discovery of a sherd with international style decoration gives a later dating range of between 2450 and 2250 cal. BC. This enclosure and its destruction constitute a milestone in Fontbouïsse and Late Neolithic chronology. Its foundation and destruction occur within a short space of time. The events that occurred during the history of MITRA date the initial foundation and development of the concentric enclosures and the site''s total overhaul, which happened shortly before its abandon. The entrance identified at Mitra III, the new ditch with its earthen architecture that cut across the first enclosure around 2500 cal. BC questions our knowledge of the development and disappearance of enclosures at a pivotal period (Late Neolithic-Early Bronze Age) in southern France., Localisées non loin du site de Puech Ferrier et de l’enclos inédit de Mitra II fouillé en 2011, les enceintes de Mitra III situé à Garons (Gard) ont fait l’objet d’une première campagne de fouille préventive en 2012. L’exploration sur une superficie de 5 000 m² a révélé la partie méridionale et une porte d’un établissement délimité par au moins deux systèmes de fossés d’enclos qui se succèdent au cours d’une période qui connait le développement du Fontbouïsse, l’impact Campaniforme et l’émergence du plein Bronze ancien (BA2), soit entre le 27e et 24e s. av. J.-C. L’article traite spécifiquement de l’étude d’un imposant fossé plus large, plus profond et de plan plus anguleux que ceux du premier système d’enceinte dont il vient condamner l’accès. Il a été observé sur près de 90 mètres linéaires et délimite le sud de l’établissement. Il présente un puissant niveau de comblement constitué d’éléments d’architectures en terre crue en connexion partielle, surmontant une couche limono-cendreuse dont le spectre anthracologique est très largement dominé par le chêne. Sur la base des résultats de l’analyse stratigraphique, micromorphologique et une caractérisation micro et macroscopique des éléments de terre crue, il est possible de caractériser la dynamique de comblement et la nature de l’architecture en lien avec ce système de délimitation., Sendra Benoit, Onfray Marylise, Di pascale Ambre, Orgeval Maxime, Bruxelles L. Étude d’un fossé et d’architectures en terre fondés au milieu du 3e millénaire av. J.-C. sur le plateau des Costières (Garons, Gard, France) . In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 116, n°3, 2019. pp. 479-513.

Ultradense Internet of Things (IoT) mesh networks and machine-to-machine communications herald an enormous opportunity for new computing paradigms and are serving as a catalyst for profound change in the evolution of the Internet. The collective computation capability of these IoT devices is typically neglected in favor of cloud or edge processing. We propose a framework to tap into this resource pool by coupling data communication and processing. Raw data captured by sensing devices can be aggregated and transformed into appropriate actions as it travels along the network toward actuating nodes. This paper presents an element of this vision, whereby we map the operations of an artificial neural network onto the communication of a multihop IoT network for simultaneous data transfer and processing. By exploiting the principle of locality inherent to many IoT applications, the proposed approach can reduce the latency in delivering processed information. Furthermore, it improves the distribution of energy consumption across the IoT network compared to a centralized processing scenario, thus mitigating the “energy hole” effect and extending the overall lifetime of the system.

MicroRNA-138 (miR-138) is a pro-survival oncomiR for glioma stem cells. In malignant gliomas, dysregulated expression of microRNAs, such as miR-138, promotes Tumour initiation and progression. Here, we identify the ancillary role of the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) as a transcriptional activator of miR-138. We demonstrate that a short 158 bp DNA sequence encoding the precursor of miR-138-2 is essential and sufficient for transcription of miR-138. This short sequence includes the A-box and B-box elements characteristic of RNA Polymerase III (Pol III) promoters, and is also directly bound by C/EBPβ via an embedded ‘C/EBPβ responsive element’ (CRE). CRE and the Pol III B-box element overlap, suggesting that C/EBPβ and transcription factor 3C (TFIIIC) interact at the miR-138-2 locus. We propose that this interaction is essential for the recruitment of the RNA Pol III initiation complex and associated transcription of the oncomiR, miR-138 in malignant gliomas.

Breast cancer manifests as a spectrum of subtypes with distinct molecular signatures, and different responses to treatment. Of these subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the worst prognoses and limited therapeutic options. Here we report aberrant expression of microRNA-138 (miR-138) in TNBC. Increased miR-138 expression is highly specific to this subtype, correlates with poor prognosis in patients, and is functionally relevant to cancer progression. Our findings establish miR-138 as a specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for TNBC. OncomiR-138 is pro-survival; sequence-specific miR-138 inhibition blocks proliferation, promotes apoptosis and inhibits tumour growth in-vivo. miR-138 directly targets a suite of pro-apoptotic and tumour suppressive genes, including tumour suppressor candidate 2 (TUSC2). miR-138 silences TUSC2 by binding to a unique 5′-UTR target-site, which overlaps with the translation start-site of the transcript. Over-expression of TUSC2 mimics the phenotype of miR-138 knockdown and functional rescue experiments confirm that TUSC2 is a direct downstream target of miR-138. Our report of miR-138 as an oncogenic driver in TNBC, positions it as a viable target for oligonucleotide therapeutics and we envision the potential value of using antimiR-138 as an adjuvant therapy to alleviate this therapeutically intractable cancer.

International audience; The purpose of this paper is the detailed study of one of the excavations that has marked the evolution of Fontbouïsse of MITRA III located in Garons (Gard, France) whilst focussing on the development and the disappearance of enclosures in the south of France.The site located near to a site known as Puech Ferrier, an unpublished enclosure of MITRA III excavated in 2011, was first excavated in 2012 within the framework of preventive archaeology. This exploration of a 5000 m² surface revealed the southern part and the entrance of an installation delimited by at least two ditches which succeed one another, datingto a period between the 27th and 24th centuries BC that includes the development of the culture of Fontbouïsse, the Campaniforme (Bell Beaker) and the emergence of the early Bronze (BA2). A network of three concentric ditches, the innermost enclosure being the oldest, makes up the first enclosure, where an interruption in the ditches allows access to the site. A later much larger wider and deeper ditch cuts across the first enclosure.The paper focusses on the study of this ditch and its fill, which is the only enclosed site dating to the Late Neolithic in the south of France. Observed over nearly 90 m, this ditch delimits the southern part of the site. It contains fragments of mudbrick over a silty ashy layer the anthracological spectrum of which contains mainly by oak. Based on the results of stratigraphic and soil micromorphology, a phased filling of the ditch can be proposed. Micro and macroscopic characterization of the earthen elements found in the ditch have specified the nature of the cob and wattle and daub and the demolished structure they came from.The findings reveal that the ditch remained open for a relatively short period of time, after which a cob structure, perhaps a wall, was installed, the base of which is preserved in a portion of the ditch. The ditch was then filled in by the destruction of another earthen and wood structure.This architecture could have been used to strengthen the monumental aspect of the enclosure, the hypothesis being that it copied a layout observed on other Fontbuxien settlements. A violent fire subsequently destroyed this ditch-wall enclosure and a possible adjoining building. Following on from this event, the ditch was re-dug before being filled in after the site is abandoned.The exact dating of the ditch and the destruction of the earthen wall remain imprecise.Some elements found in the lower ditch fill date to the first phase of the Fontbouïsse culture. They stylistically refer productions from the plain of Hérault and Gard. However, the destruction of the earthen architecture is dated by radiocarbon analysis and pottery found in the upper layers and the discovery of a sherd with international style decoration gives a later dating range of between 2450 and 2250 cal. BC. This enclosure and its destruction constitute a milestone in Fontbouïsse and Late Neolithic chronology. Its foundation and destruction occur within a short space of time. The events that occurred during the history of MITRA date theinitial foundation and development of the concentric enclosures and the site's total overhaul, which happened shortly before its abandon. The entrance identified at Mitra III, the new ditch with its earthen architecture that cut across the first enclosure around 2500 cal. BC questions our knowledge of the development and disappearance of enclosures at a pivotal period (Late Neolithic-Early Bronze Age) in southern France.; Localisées non loin du site de Puech Ferrier et de l'enclos inédit de Mitra II fouillé en 2011, les enceintes de Mitra III situé à Garons (Gard) ont fait l'objet d'une première campagne de fouille préventive en 2012. L'exploration sur une superficie de 5 000 m² a révélé la partie méridionale et une porte d'un établissement délimité par au moins deux systèmes de fossés d'enclos qui se succèdent au cours d'une période qui connait le développement du Fontbouïsse, l'impact Campaniforme et l'émergence du plein Bronze ancien (BA2), soit entre le 27e et 24e s. av. J.-C. L'article traite spécifiquement de l'étude d'un imposant fossé plus large, plus profond et de plan plus anguleux que ceux du premier système d'enceinte dont il vient condamner l'accès. Il a été observé sur près de 90 mètres linéaires et délimite le sud de l'établissement. Il présente un puissant niveau de comblement constitué d'éléments d'architectures en terre crue en connexion partielle, surmontant une couche limono-cendreuse dont le spectre anthracologique est très largement dominé par le chêne.Sur la base des résultats de l'analyse stratigraphique, micromorphologique et une caractérisation micro et macroscopique des éléments de terre crue, il est possible de caractériser la dynamique de comblement et la nature de l'architecture en lien avec ce système de délimitation.

L-cysteine is currently recognized as a conditionally essential sulphur amino acid. Besides contributing to many biological pathways, cysteine is a key component of the keratin protein by its ability to form disulfide bridges that confer strength and rigidity to the protein. In addition to cysteine, iron represents another critical factor in regulating keratins expression in epidermal tissues, as well as in hair follicle growth and maturation. By focusing on human keratinocytes, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cysteine supplementation as nutraceutical on keratin biosynthesis, as well as to get an insight on the interplay of cysteine availability and cellular iron status in regulating keratins expression in vitro. Herein we demonstrate that cysteine promotes a significant up-regulation of keratins expression as a result of de novo protein synthesis, while the lack of iron impairs keratin expression. Interestingly, cysteine supplementation counteracts the adverse effect of iron deficiency on cellular keratin expression. This effect was likely mediated by the up-regulation of transferrin receptor and ferritin, the main cellular proteins involved in iron homeostasis, at last affecting the labile iron pool. In this manner, cysteine may also enhance the metabolic iron availability for DNA synthesis without creating a detrimental condition of iron overload. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first study in an in vitro keratinocyte model providing evidence that cysteine and iron cooperate for keratins expression, indicative of their central role in maintaining healthy epithelia.

Analisi della misura di sicurezza che si aggiunge alla pena per il delitto di usura e la natura eccentrica della prescrizione del reato

International audience; Les modes de constructions en terre crue au Néolithique dans le Sud de la France restent encore peu connus malgré le développement de cette problématique sur la région. L’étude récente de fragments de torchis sur le site de La Capoulière (Mauguio, Hérault) daté au Néolithique final, a permis de mettre en évidence des éléments singuliers de l’architecture. Leur particularité réside dans l’impression sur les deux faces des fragments d’une structure ligneuse similaire. Elle montre l’emploi de tiges de roseau commun, assez fines et organisées. L’analyse morpho-structurelle de ce corpus et l’apport de données ethnographiques et expérimentales a conduit l’interprétation fonctionnelle d’une toiture. Ce type de vestiges architecturaux montre donc un modèle inédit de modes d’assemblage de couverture pour cette période de la Préhistoire

A detailed chemical investigation of the Chinese soft coral Cladiella krempfi has yielded four new eunicellin-based diterpenoids along with five known compounds. The stereostructures of the new metabolites have been elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, mainly based on 2D NMR spectroscopy, and by chemical transformations. A remarkable variation in the diterpene composition in dependence of the exact site of collection was observed. Some of the isolated diterpenoids were shown to exhibit antiproliferative activity against C6 glioma cells, multi-drug resistant tumor cell line.

L-cysteine is currently recognized as a conditionally essential sulphur amino acid. Besides contributing to many biological pathways, cysteine is a key component of the keratin protein by its ability to form disulfide bridges that confer strength and rigidity to the protein. In addition to cysteine, iron represents another critical factor in regulating keratins expression in epidermal tissues, as well as in hair follicle growth and maturation. By focusing on human keratinocytes, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cysteine supplementation as nutraceutical on keratin biosynthesis, as well as to get an insight on the interplay of cysteine availability and cellular iron status in regulating keratins expression in vitro. Herein we demonstrate that cysteine promotes a significant up-regulation of keratins expression as a result of de novo protein synthesis, while the lack of iron impairs keratin expression. Interestingly, cysteine supplementation counteracts the adverse effect of iron deficiency on cellular keratin expression. This effect was likely mediated by the up-regulation of transferrin receptor and ferritin, the main cellular proteins involved in iron homeostasis, at last affecting the labile iron pool. In this manner, cysteine may also enhance the metabolic iron availability for DNA synthesis without creating a detrimental condition of iron overload. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first study in an in vitro keratinocyte model providing evidence that cysteine and iron cooperate for keratins expression, indicative of their central role in maintaining healthy epithelia. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

A new organometallic ruthenium complex, named AziRu, along with three amphiphilic nucleoside-based ruthenium complexes, ToThyRu, HoThyRu and DoHuRu, incorporating AziRu in their skeleton, have been synthesized, stabilized in POPC phospholipid formulations and studied for their antineoplastic activity. Self-aggregation behavior of these complexes was investigated, showing that the three synthesized AziRu derivatives able to form liposomes and, under specific conditions, elongated micelles. The formulations prepared in POPC proved to be stable for months and showed high in vitro antiproliferative activity. The here described results open new scenarios in the design of innovative transition metal-based supramolecular systems for anticancer drugs vectorization.

A small library of sugar-modified guanosine derivatives has been prepared, starting from a common intermediate, fully protected on the nucleobase. Insertion of myristoyl chains and of diverse hydrophilic groups, such as an oligoethylene glycol, an amino acid or a disaccharide chain, connected through in vivo reversible ester linkages, or of a charged functional group provided different examples of amphiphilic guanosine analogues, named G1-G7 herein. All of the sugar-modified derivatives were positive in the potassium picrate test, showing an ability to form G-tetrads. CD spectra demonstrated that, as dilute solutions in CHCl(3), distinctive G-quadruplex systems may be formed, with spatial organisations dependent upon the structural modifications. Two compounds, G1 and G2, proved to be good low-molecular-weight organogelators in polar organic solvents, such as methanol, ethanol and acetonitrile. Ion transportation experiments through phospholipid bilayers were carried out to evaluate their ability to mediate H(+) transportation, with G5 showing the highest activity within the investigated series. Moreover, G3 and G5 exhibited a significant cytotoxic profile against human MCF-7 cancer cells in in vitro bioassays.

Cellular iron metabolism is essentially controlled by the binding of cytosolic iron regulatory proteins (IRP1 or IRP2) to iron-responsive elements (IREs) located on mRNAs coding for proteins involved in iron acquisition, utilization and storage. The 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is one of the most potent toxins of current interest that occurs as poisonous chemical in the environment. TCDD exposure has been reported to induce a broad spectrum of toxic and biological responses, including significant changes in gene expression for heme and iron metabolism associated with liver injury. Here, we have investigated the molecular effects of TCDD on the iron metabolism providing the first evidence that administration of the toxin TCDD to mammalian cells affects the maintenance of iron homeostasis. We found that exposure of Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney cell to TCDD caused a divergent modulation of IRP1 and IRP2 RNA-binding capacity. Interestingly, we observed a concomitant IRP1 down-regulation and IRP2 up-regulation thus determining a marked enhancement of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR-1) expression and a biphasic response in ferritin content. The changed ferritin content coupled to TfR-1 induction after TCDD exposure impairs the cellular iron homeostasis, ultimately leading to significant changes in the labile iron pool (LIP) extent. Since important iron requirement changes occur during the regulation of cell growth, it is not surprising that the dioxin-dependent iron metabolism dysregulation herein described may be linked to cell-fate decision, supporting the hypothesis of a central connection among exposure to dioxins and the regulation of critical cellular processes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: 11th European Symposium on Calcium.

Ultra-dense Internet of Things (IoT) networks and machine type communications herald an enormous opportunity for new computing paradigms and are serving as a catalyst for profound change in the evolution of the Internet. We explore leveraging the communication within IoT to serve data processing by appropriately shaping the aggregate behavior of a network to parallel more traditional computation methods. This paper presents an element of this vision, whereby we map the operations of an artificial neural network onto the communication of an IoT network for simultaneous data processing and transfer. That is, we provide a framework to treat a network holistically as an artificial neural network, rather than placing neural networks within the network. The operation of components of a neural network, neurons and connections between neurons, are performed by the various elements of the IoT network, i.e., the devices and their connections. The proposed approach reduces the latency in delivering processed information and supports the locality of information inherent to IoT by removing the need for transfer to remote data processing sites.

Due to health concerns and legal matters, an investigation to limit phthalates esters (PEAs) in spirits is necessary. A lab still was used to perform pilot distillations according to the official method for brandy production in order to explore the repartition into the distilled fractions of each PAE. The process was divided in two steps: a première chauffe and a bonne chauffe. The former step included the cut into heads, heart and tails, while the latter into heads, brandy, secondes, and tails. The behaviour of each PAE during distillation was affected by its own chemical nature. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was entirely carried over into the distillate, while bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) only partially, and diisononyl phthalate (DINP) accumulated in the stillage. During the bonne chauffe, DBP and DEHP accumulated in the secondes more than in the brandy. A rectification step of the secondes was demonstrated to considerably reduce PAEs concentration.