50 results on '"Di Palo, C."'
Search Results
2. Erectile dysfunction associates with endothelial dysfunction and raised proinflammatory cytokine levels in obese men
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Giugliano, F., Esposito, K., Di Palo, C., Ciotola, M., Giugliano, G., Marfella, R., D’Armiento, M., and Giugliano, D.
- Published
- 2004
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- View/download PDF
3. Effects of pioglitazone versus metformin on circulating endothelial microparticles and progenitor cells in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes—a randomized controlled trial
- Author
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Esposito, K., Maiorino, M. I., Di Palo, C., Gicchino, M., Petrizzo, M., Bellastella, G., Saccomanno, F., and Giugliano, D.
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- 2011
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4. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and glycaemic control in Type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Esposito, K., Maiorino, M. I., Di Palo, C., and Giugliano, D.
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- 2009
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5. Daily Trends of Photochemical Oxidants and Their Precursors in a Suburban Forested Area. A Useful Approach for Evaluating the Relative Contributions of Natural and Anthropogenic Hydrocarbons to the Photochemical Smog Formation in Rural Areas in Italy
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Ciccioli, P., Brancaleoni, E., Di Palo, C., Brachetti, A., Cecinato, A., Angeletti, G., editor, and Restelli, G., editor
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- 1987
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6. Detection of Nitrated and Oxygenated Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in Suspended Particulate Matter Sampled in Urban Areas and their Relation with Anthropogenic Emission and Photochemical Smog Formation
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Cecinato, A., Brancaleoni, E., Di Palo, C., Draisci, R., Ciccioli, P., Angeletti, G., editor, and Restelli, G., editor
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- 1987
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7. Sampling, Identification and Quantitative Determination of Biogenic and Anthropogenic Hydrocarbons in Forestal Areas
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Ciccioli, P., Brancaleoni, E., Possanzini, M., Brachetti, A., Di Palo, C., Commission of the European Communities, Versino, B., editor, and Angeletti, G., editor
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- 1984
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8. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and sexual function in women with type 2 diabetes
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Giugliano F, Maiorino MI, Di Palo C, AUTORINO, Riccardo, DE SIO, Marco, GIUGLIANO, Dario, ESPOSITO, Katherine, Giugliano, F, Maiorino, Mi, Di Palo, C, Autorino, Riccardo, DE SIO, Marco, Giugliano, Dario, and Esposito, Katherine
- Published
- 2010
9. Effect of a mediterranean-style diet on endothelial dysfunction and markers of vascular inflammation in the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial
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ESPOSITO, Katherine, CIOTOLA M, DI PALO C, GIUGLIANO F, D'ARMIENTO M, D'ANDREA, Francesco, GIUGLIANO, Dario, MARFELLA, Raffaele, Esposito, Katherine, Ciotola, M, DI PALO, C, Giugliano, F, D'Armiento, M, D'Andrea, Francesco, Giugliano, Dario, and Marfella, Raffaele
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Endothelial Dysfunction ,Metabolic Syndrome ,Mediterranean-Style Diet ,Vascular Inflammation - Abstract
CONTEXT: The metabolic syndrome has been identified as a target for dietary therapies to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease; however, the role of diet in the etiology of the metabolic syndrome is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on endothelial function and vascular inflammatory markers in patients with the metabolic syndrome. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Randomized, single-blind trial conducted from June 2001 to January 2004 at a university hospital in Italy among 180 patients (99 men and 81 women) with the metabolic syndrome, as defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III. INTERVENTIONS: Patients in the intervention group (n = 90) were instructed to follow a Mediterranean-style diet and received detailed advice about how to increase daily consumption of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and olive oil; patients in the control group (n = 90) followed a prudent diet (carbohydrates, 50%-60%; proteins, 15%-20%; total fat
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- 2004
10. Managing the baby boomer demographic wave in defined contribution pension systems
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Angrisani, Massimo and DI PALO, C.
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intergenerational equity ,Mandatory Pension Systems ,Demographic Wave ,Baby Boomer Retirement ,Logical Sustainability ,Intergenerational Equity ,demographic wave ,baby boomer retirement ,mandatory pension systems ,logical sustainability - Abstract
In the forthcoming decades, the problem of baby boomer retirement will put pressure on the sustainability of social security systems in a large number of countries in the world. We refer to this phenomenon as a demographic wave problem and in this paper we propose an operating method, developed on the basis of a general principle, which allows us to manage the issues of sustainability and intergenerational equity that arise when the demographic wave disrupts the demographic, economic, and financial stability of a defined contribution pension system. This principle overcomes the classical juxtaposition between the two alternative schemes of financial management of a pension system, funded or pay-as-you-go. Indeed, our approach shows that only the unmanageable pay-as-you-go part of the pension system, namely the group of individuals of the demographic wave, needs to be fully funded and not the whole pension system as is argued in the existing literature.
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- 2014
11. The effect of weight loss on endothelial functions in obesity: response to Sciacqua et al
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ESPOSITO, Katherine, DI PALO C, MARFELLA, Raffaele, GIUGLIANO, Dario, Esposito, Katherine, DI PALO, C, Marfella, Raffaele, and Giugliano, Dario
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- 2003
12. Exemplification of the condition for the β(t) indicator's stabilisation for pension system sustainability
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Angrisani, Massimo and DI PALO, C.
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pension system sustainability ,condition for the β(t) indicator's stabilisation ,Pension System Sustainability, condition for the β(t) indicator's stabilisation - Published
- 2012
13. A necessary sustainability condition for partially funded pension systems
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Angrisani, Massimo and DI PALO, C.
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Public Pension Systems, Defined Contribution Pension System, Pension System Sustainability ,Public Pension Systems ,Defined Contribution Pension System ,Pension System ,Pension System Sustainability - Published
- 2011
14. A new analysis methodology for pension system sustainability
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Angrisani, Massimo and Di Palo, C.
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Public Pension Systems ,Defined Contribution Pension System ,Pension System Sustainability - Published
- 2011
15. L'indicatore di sostenibilità del sistema svedese:aspetti caratteristici e punti critici
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Angrisani, Massimo and DI PALO, C.
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- 2008
16. Interleukin-20 circulating levels in obese women: Effect of weight loss
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Maiorino, M.I., primary, Schisano, B., additional, Di Palo, C., additional, Vietri, M.T., additional, Cioffi, M., additional, Giugliano, G., additional, Giugliano, D., additional, and Esposito, K., additional
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- 2010
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17. Effect of lifestyle changes on erectile dysfunction in obese men: a randomized controlled trial
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Esposito, K., Giugliano, F., and Di Palo, C.
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Research ,Risk factors ,Impotence -- Risk factors -- Research ,Obesity -- Risk factors -- Research - Abstract
Esposito K, Giugliano F, Di Palo C, et al. JAMA 2004;29:2978-2984. CONTEXT: Healthy lifestyle factors are associated with maintenance of erectile function in men. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of [...]
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- 2004
18. The Effect of Weight Loss on Endothelial Functions in Obesity: Response to Sciacqua et al.
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Esposito, K., primary, Di Palo, C., additional, Marfella, R., additional, and Giugliano, D., additional
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- 2003
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19. Controllability and operability of azeotropic heterogeneous distillation systems
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Rovaglio, M., primary, Faravelli, T., additional, Gaffuri, P., additional, Di Palo, C., additional, and Dorigo, A., additional
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- 1995
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20. Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial.
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Esposito K, Maiorino MI, Ciotola M, Di Palo C, Scognamiglio P, Gicchino M, Petrizzo M, Saccomanno F, Beneduce F, Ceriello A, Giugliano D, Esposito, Katherine, Maiorino, Maria Ida, Ciotola, Miryam, Di Palo, Carmen, Scognamiglio, Paola, Gicchino, Maurizio, Petrizzo, Michela, Saccomanno, Franco, and Beneduce, Flora
- Abstract
Background: Low-carbohydrate and low-fat calorie-restricted diets are recommended for weight loss in overweight and obese people with type 2 diabetes.Objective: To compare the effects of a low-carbohydrate Mediterranean-style or a low-fat diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.Design: Single-center, randomized trial. Randomization was computer-generated and unstratified. Allocation was concealed in sealed study folders held in a central, secure location until participants gave informed consent. Participants and investigators were aware of treatment assignment, and assessors of the primary outcome were blinded.Setting: Teaching hospital in Naples, Italy.Patients: 215 overweight people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes who were never treated with antihyperglycemic drugs and had hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) levels less than 11%.Intervention: Mediterranean-style diet (<50% of daily calories from carbohydrates) (n = 108) or a low-fat diet (<30% of daily calories from fat) (n = 107).Measurements: Start of antihyperglycemic drug therapy, defined by protocol as indicated for follow-up HbA(1c) level greater than 7% (primary outcome), and changes in weight, glycemic control, and coronary risk factors (secondary outcomes).Results: After 4 years, 44% of patients in the Mediterranean-style diet group and 70% in the low-fat diet group required treatment (absolute difference, -26.0 percentage points [95% CI, -31.1 to -20.1 percentage points]; hazard ratio, 0.63 [CI, 0.51 to 0.86]; hazard ratio adjusted for weight change, 0.70 [CI, 0.59 to 0.90]; P < 0.001). Participants assigned to the Mediterranean-style diet lost more weight and experienced greater improvements in some glycemic control and coronary risk measures than did those assigned to the low-fat diet.Limitations: Investigators responsible for initiating drug therapy were not blinded to treatment assignment. Dietary intake was self-reported.Conclusion: Compared with a low-fat diet, a low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean-style diet led to more favorable changes in glycemic control and coronary risk factors and delayed the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in overweight patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.Primary Funding Source: Second University of Naples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2009
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21. Effect of lifestyle changes on erectile dysfunction in obese men: a randomized controlled trial.
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Esposito K, Giugliano F, Di Palo C, Giugliano G, Marfella R, D'Andrea F, D'Armiento M, Giugliano D, Esposito, Katherine, Giugliano, Francesco, Di Palo, Carmen, Giugliano, Giovanni, Marfella, Raffaele, D'Andrea, Francesco, D'Armiento, Massimo, and Giugliano, Dario
- Abstract
Context: Healthy lifestyle factors are associated with maintenance of erectile function in men.Objective: To determine the effect of weight loss and increased physical activity on erectile and endothelial functions in obese men.Design, Setting, and Patients: Randomized, single-blind trial of 110 obese men (body mass index > or =30) aged 35 to 55 years, without diabetes, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia, who had erectile dysfunction that was determined by having a score of 21 or less on the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). The study was conducted from October 2000 to October 2003 at a university hospital in Italy.Interventions: The 55 men randomly assigned to the intervention group received detailed advice about how to achieve a loss of 10% or more in their total body weight by reducing caloric intake and increasing their level of physical activity. Men in the control group (n = 55) were given general information about healthy food choices and exercise.Main Outcomes Measures: Erectile function score, levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, circulating levels of interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and C-reactive protein, and endothelial function as assessed by vascular responses to l-arginine.Results: After 2 years, body mass index decreased more in the intervention group (from a mean [SD] of 36.9 [2.5] to 31.2 [2.1]) than in the control group (from 36.4 [2.3] to 35.7 [2.5]) (P<.001), as did serum concentrations of interleukin 6 (P =.03), and C-reactive protein (P =.02). The mean (SD) level of physical activity increased more in the intervention group (from 48 [10] to 195 [36] min/wk; P<.001) than in the control group (from 51 [9] to 84 [28] min/wk; P<.001). The mean (SD) IIEF score improved in the intervention group (from 13.9 [4.0] to 17 [5]; P<.001), but remained stable in the control group (from 13.5 [4.0] to 13.6 [4.1]; P =.89). Seventeen men in the intervention group and 3 in the control group (P =.001) reported an IIEF score of 22 or higher. In multivariate analyses, changes in body mass index (P =.02), physical activity (P =.02), and C-reactive protein (P =.03) were independently associated with changes in IIEF score.Conclusion: Lifestyle changes are associated with improvement in sexual function in about one third of obese men with erectile dysfunction at baseline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2004
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22. Fractionation of polar polyaromatic hydrocarbons present in industrial emissions and atmospheric samples and their determination by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
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Ciccioli, P., Brancaleoni, E., Cecinato, A, DI PALO, C., Buttini, P., and Liberti, A.
- Published
- 1986
23. Correction: Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (Annals of Internal Medicine (2009) 151, (306-314))
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Esposito, K., Maiorino, M. I., Ciotola, M., Di Palo, C., Scognamiglio, P., and Maurizio Gicchino
24. Sampling and determination of natural and anthropogenic hydrocarbons in air by GC-MS
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Ciccioli, P., primary, Brancaleoni, E., additional, Possanzini, M., additional, Brachetti, A., additional, and Di Palo, C., additional
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- 1984
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25. Gas chromatographic evaluation of the organic components present in the atmosphere at trace levels with the aid of carbopack b for pre-concentration of the sample
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Ciccioli, P., primary, Brancaleoni, E., additional, Cecinato, A., additional, di Palo, C., additional, Brachetti, A., additional, and Liberti, A., additional
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- 1986
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26. Fractionation of polar polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons present in industrial emissions and atmospheric samples and their determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
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Ciccioli, P., primary, Brancaleoni, E., additional, Cecinato, A., additional, di Palo, C., additional, Buttini, P., additional, and Liberti, A., additional
- Published
- 1986
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27. Determination of nitrated‐polyaromatic hydrocarbons (nitro‐PAHs) in environmental samples by high resolution chromatographic techniques
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Liberti, A., primary, Ciccioli, P., additional, Cecinato, A., additional, Brancaleoni, E., additional, and Di Palo, C., additional
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- 1984
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28. Effects of surgical menopause and estrogen replacement therapy on atrio-ventricular conduction and ventricular repolarization
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Nicola Colacurci, Dario Giugliano, Carmen Di Palo, Pasquale De Franciscis, Stefano Palomba, Carmine Nappi, Mario Siniscalchi, Siniscalchi, M, De Franciscis, P, Palomba, S, Di Palo, C, Colacurci, N, Nappi, Carmine, Giugliano, D., DE FRANCISCIS, Pasquale, DI PALO, C, Colacurci, Nicola, Nappi, C, and Giugliano, Dario
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Ovariectomy ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hysterectomy ,Placebo ,sex hormones ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Electrocardiography ,Surgical Menopause ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Ventricular Function ,Repolarization ,estrogen replacement therapy ,Transdermal ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Oophorectomy ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Menopause ,postmenopause ,CVD ECG ,Estrogen ,Atrioventricular Node ,cardiovascular system ,Cardiology ,Female ,business - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of surgical menopause and estrogen replacement therapy on atrio–ventricular conduction and ventricular repolarization in women. Methods: In a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial 50 women underwent hystero–salpingo–oophorectomy. Twenty-five women were treated with 50 μg/die of transdermal estradiol and the other 25 were treated with placebo patches. The duration of the treatment was 12 cycles. Before surgery and after 12 cycles of treatment, a standard electrocardiogram was performed to evaluate atrio–ventricular conduction time and cardiac repolarization time. Results: No significant variations in atrio–ventricuar conduction time and cardiac repolarization time were detected between the two groups at entry, nor was there any difference in both groups after 12 cycles of treatment with transdermal estradiol. Conclusions: Surgical menopause and estrogen replacement therapy do not modify atrio–ventricular conduction and ventricular repolarization in women.
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- 2001
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29. Characterization of a Novel Polymorphism in PPARG Regulatory Region Associated with Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy in Italy
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Carmen Di Palo, Dario Giugliano, Alfredo Ciccodicola, Bruno Schisano, Katherine Esposito, Angela Villani, Miryam Ciotola, Feliciantonia Capone Corrado, Amelia Casamassimi, Rosa Iannella, Valerio Costa, Franco Santangelo, Mariaelena Capone, Costa, V, Casamassimi, Amelia, Esposito, Katherine, Villani, A, Capone, M, Iannella, R, Schisano, B, Ciotola, M, DI PALO, C, Corrado, Fc, Santangelo, F, Giugliano, Dario, and Ciccodicola, A.
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Male ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,lcsh:Medicine ,Type 2 diabetes ,Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ,Body Mass Index ,Cohort Studies ,0302 clinical medicine ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,General Medicine ,Diabetic retinopathy ,Middle Aged ,Italy ,Regression Analysis ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,Research Article ,Biotechnology ,Retinopathy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ,Article Subject ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,Population ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Biology ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,03 medical and health sciences ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Obesity ,Allele ,education ,Molecular Biology ,Aged ,030304 developmental biology ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,Chi-Square Distribution ,Diabetic Retinopathy ,lcsh:R ,medicine.disease ,PPAR gamma ,Endocrinology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Immunology ,Body mass index - Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma polymorphisms have been widely associated with type 2 diabetes, although their role in the pathogenesis of vascular complications is not yet demonstrated. In this study, a cohort of 211 type 2 diabetes, 205 obese, and 254 control individuals was genotyped for Pro12Ala, C1431T, C-2821T polymorphisms, and for a newly identified polymorphism (A-2819G). The above-mentioned polymorphisms were analyzed by gene-specific PCR and direct sequencing of all samples. A significant difference was found for -2819G frequency when patients with type 2 diabetes—particularly diabetic women with the proliferative retinopathy—were compared with healthy control individuals. In conclusion, we identified a novel polymorphism, A-2819G, inPPARGgene, and we found it to be associated with type 2 diabetes and proliferative retinopathy in diabetic females. In the analyzed population, this variant represents a genetic risk factor for developing the diabetic retinopathy, whereas Pro12Ala and C1431T do not.
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- 2009
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30. Weight Loss Reduces Interleukin-18 Levels in Obese Women
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Katherine Esposito, Alessandro Pontillo, Carmen Di Palo, Myriam Ciotola, Dario Giugliano, E. Grella, Gianfranco Nicoletti, Esposito, Katherine, Pontillo, A, Ciotola, M, DI PALO, C, Grella, Elisa, Nicoletti, Giovanni Francesco, and Giugliano, Dario
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Adult ,Blood Glucose ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Adipose tissue ,Biochemistry ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Endocrinology ,Waist–hip ratio ,Weight loss ,Internal medicine ,Weight Loss ,medicine ,Abdominal fat ,Humans ,Insulin ,Obesity ,Triglycerides ,business.industry ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Interleukin-18 ,Cholesterol, LDL ,medicine.disease ,Female ,Interleukin 18 ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing atherosclerosis, which may be mediated, at least in part, by increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by adipose tissue. We examined the hypothesis that circulating levels of IL-18 were elevated in obese women and would be reduced by weight loss. In a sample of 40 obese (body mass index, 36.4 ± 3.1 kg/m2) women we found that plasma IL-18 levels were higher than in 40 normal weight control women (P < 0.01) and were positively associated with body weight (r = 0.46; P < 0.01) and visceral fat (waist to hip ratio; r = 0.39; P < 0.01). Caloric restriction-induced weight loss (≥10% of original weight) over 1 yr reduced IL-18 levels from 247 (204/309) to 147 (111/210) pg/ml (medians and 25%/75%; P < 0.01), positively associated with changes in body mass index and waist to hip ratio. In obese women, IL-18 levels are associated with body weight and abdominal fat deposition; weight loss is an important intervention to reduce IL-18 levels. IL-18 may be a novel cytokine operating in human obesity.
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- 2002
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31. Long-Term Effect of Mediterranean-Style Diet and Calorie Restriction on Biomarkers of Longevity and Oxidative Stress in Overweight Men
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Katherine Esposito, Giuseppe Bellastella, Michela Petrizzo, Dario Giugliano, Maria Ida Maiorino, Isabella Siniscalchi, Carmen Di Palo, Esposito, Katherine, DI PALO, C, Maiorino, Mi, Petrizzo, M, Bellastella, Giuseppe, Siniscalchi, I, and Giugliano, Dario
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Gerontology ,lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Adiponectin ,Article Subject ,business.industry ,Insulin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Calorie restriction ,Longevity ,Physiology ,Overweight ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biomarkers of aging ,Weight loss ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Oxidative stress ,media_common ,Research Article - Abstract
We report the effects of a Mediterranean-style diet, with or without calorie restriction, on biomarkers of aging and oxidative stress in overweight men. 192 men were randomly assigned to either a Mediterranean-style diet or a conventional diet. The intervention program was based on implementation of a Mediterranean dietary pattern in the overweight group (MED diet group), associated with calorie restriction and increased physical activity in the obese group (lifestyle group). Both groups were compared with participants in two matched control groups (advice groups). After 2 years, there was a significant difference in weight loss between groups, which was −14 kg (95% CI −20 to −8) in lifestyle groups and −2.0 kg (−4.4 to 0) in the advice groups, with a difference of −11.9 kg (CI −19 to −4.7 kg, 𝑃 < . 0 0 1 ); moreover, there was a significant difference between groups at 2 years for insulin ( 𝑃 = . 0 4 ), 8-iso-PGF2α ( 𝑃 = . 0 3 7 ), glucose ( 𝑃 = . 0 4 ), and adiponectin ( 𝑃 = . 0 1 ). Prolonged adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet, with or without caloric restriction, in overweight or obese men is associated with significant amelioration of multiple risk factors, including a better cardiovascular risk profile, reduced oxidative stress, and improved insulin sensitivity.
- Published
- 2011
32. Effects of pioglitazone vs metformin on circulating endothelial microparticles and progenitor cells in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes - a randomized controlled trial
- Author
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Maurizio Gicchino, Maria Ida Maiorino, C. Di Palo, Katherine Esposito, Giuseppe Bellastella, Dario Giugliano, Michela Petrizzo, F. Saccomanno, Esposito, Katherine, Maiorino, Mi, DI PALO, C, Gicchino, M, Petrizzo, M, Bellastella, Giuseppe, Saccomanno, F, and Giugliano, Dario
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,CD31 ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cell Survival ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,CD34 ,Coronary Artery Disease ,Type 2 diabetes ,Gastroenterology ,Body Mass Index ,law.invention ,Endocrinology ,Double-Blind Method ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Aged ,Pioglitazone ,Adiponectin ,business.industry ,Stem Cells ,Endothelial Cells ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Metformin ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Italy ,Female ,Thiazolidinediones ,Endothelium, Vascular ,business ,Diabetic Angiopathies ,Lipoprotein ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Aim: Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are markers of endothelial injury and repair. We compared the effects of pioglitazone versus metformin on the circulating numbers of EMPs and EPCs in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, comparator-controlled, 24-week single-centre trial conducted in a Teaching Hospital in Naples, Italy. One hundred and ten people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes who were never treated with antihyperglycaemic drugs and had haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels between 7 and 10% were given pioglitazone hydrochloride (15–45 mg/day) (n = 55) or metformin (1000–2000 mg/day) (n = 55) as an active comparator. Absolute change from baseline to final visit in circulating EMPs and EPCs and their ratio were the main outcomes. Results: Baseline characteristics did not differ between the study groups. The decrease in circulating EMPs CD31+ [intergroup difference, −32 counts/µl (95% CI −51 to −9)] and the increase in EPCs CD34+/KDR+ [intergroup difference, 33 cells/106 events (95% CI 13 to 55)] were greater with pioglitazone versus metformin. EMPs/EPCs ratio was reduced with pioglitazone and unchanged with metformin [difference, −1.5 (95% CI −2.6 to −0.5), p < 0.001]. Participants assigned to pioglitazone gained more weight and experienced greater improvements in some coronary risk measures [high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides, adiponectin and C-reactive protein (CRP)] than did those assigned to metformin. Conclusion: Compared with metformin, pioglitazone treatment improved the imbalance between endothelial damage and repair capacity and led to more favourable changes in coronary risk factors in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
- Published
- 2011
33. Interleukin-20 circulating levels in obese women: effect of weight loss
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Michele Cioffi, Dario Giugliano, Giovanni Giugliano, Katherine Esposito, Maria Ida Maiorino, C. Di Palo, Bruno Schisano, Maria Teresa Vietri, Maiorino, Mi, Schisano, B, DI PALO, C, Vietri, Maria Teresa, Cioffi, Michele, Giugliano, G, Giugliano, Dario, and Esposito, Katherine
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Adult ,Blood Glucose ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Weight loss ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Inflammation ,Body Mass Index ,Interleukin 20 ,Classification of obesity ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Obesity ,Triglycerides ,IL-20 ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biology ,Waist-Hip Ratio ,business.industry ,Interleukins ,C-reactive protein ,Fasting ,Middle Aged ,Anthropometry ,Premenopausal women ,medicine.disease ,Interleukin-10 ,C-Reactive Protein ,Endocrinology ,Premenopause ,biology.protein ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
Background and aims Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing atherosclerosis. Interleukin-20 (IL-20) is a pleiotropic cytokine thought to be involved in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether circulating levels of IL-20 are elevated in obese women and whether they could be affected by a substantial decrease in body weight. Methods and results Fifty obese and 50 age-matched, normal weight, premenopausal women participated in the study. Obese women entered into a medically supervised weight loss program aimed at reducing body weight to 90% of baseline. We measured anthropometric, glucose and lipid parameters, and IL-20, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) circulating levels. Circulating IL-20 and CRP levels were significantly higher in obese than control women (P = 0.01), while IL-10 levels were significantly lower; IL-20 levels were positively associated with body weight (r = 0.35; P = 0.02) and visceral fat (waist–hip ratio; r = 0.32; P = 0.025). Caloric restriction-induced weight loss (>10% of original weight) over 6 months reduced IL-20 levels from 152 (112/184) to 134 (125/153) pg/ml (median and 25%/75%; P = 0.03), and it was positively associated with changes in body mass index and waist–hip ratio. Conclusion In premenopausal obese women, IL-20 levels are higher than matched normal weight control women, are associated with body weight and waist–hip ratio, and are reduced by weight loss.
- Published
- 2010
34. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and glycaemic control in Type 2 diabetes mellitus
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K, Esposito, M I, Maiorino, C, Di Palo, D, Giugliano, Luciano, Improta, Esposito, Katherine, Maiorino, Mi, DI PALO, C, Giugliano, Dario, and Gentile, Sandro
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Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mediterranean diet ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Blood sugar ,Type 2 diabetes ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,business.industry ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Postprandial ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,diet, glycaemic control, HbA1c, postprandial glucose, Type 2 diabetes ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,Metabolic syndrome ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
Aims Mediterranean-type diets reduce the risk of Type 2 diabetes. Whether a Mediterranean-type diet improves glycaemic control in diabetes remains unknown. Methods Weconducted a cross-sectional analysis in 901 outpatientswith Type 2 diabetes attending diabetes clinics located in Campania County, South Italy. We explored the relation between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), measured centrally, selfmeasured pre- and postprandial glucose levels and consumption of a Mediterranean-type diet. Adherence to a Mediterraneantype diet was assessed by a 9-point scale that incorporated the salient characteristics of this diet (range of scores, 0–9, with higher scores indicating greater adherence). The study was conducted from 2001 to 2007. Results Diabetic patients with the highest scores (6–9) had lower body mass index and waist circumferences, a lower prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and lower HbA1c and post-meal glucose levels than diabetic patients with the lowest scores (0–3). In multivariate analysis,meanHbA1c and 2-h post-meal glucose concentrations were significantly lower in diabetic patients with high adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet than those with low adherence [difference: HbA1c 0.9%, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.5–1.2%, P < 0.001; 2-h glucose 2.2 mmol ⁄ l, 95% CI 0.8–2.9 mmol⁄ l, P < 0.001]. Conclusions In Type 2 diabetes, greater adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet is associated with lower HbA1c and postprandial glucose levels. Diabet. Med. 26, 900–907 (2009) Keywords diet, glycaemic control, HbA1c, postprandial glucose, Type 2 diabetes Abbreviations BMI, body mass index; BMR, basal metabolic rate; CAPRI, Campanian Postprandial Hyperglycemia Study; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; WHR, waist– hip ratio
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- 2009
35. Dietary factors in erectile dysfunction
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M De Sio, Katherine Esposito, Massimo D’Armiento, D Carleo, Dario Giugliano, F Giugliano, C. Di Palo, Esposito, Katherine, Giugliano, F, DE SIO, Marco, Carleo, D, DI PALO, C, D'Armiento, M, and Giugliano, Dario
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Waist ,Mediterranean diet ,Urology ,Physiology ,Dietary factors ,Erectile Dysfunction ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Total energy ,business.industry ,Body Weight ,Smoking ,Case-control study ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,Endocrinology ,Erectile dysfunction ,Sexual dysfunction ,Case-Control Studies ,Fruit ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Energy Intake ,Body mass index - Abstract
The role of dietary factors in erectile dysfunction (ED) has never been addressed. In the present case-control study, we investigated the relation of the Mediterranean diet with ED. A total of 100 men with ED were compared with 100 age-matched men without ED. A scale indicating the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was constructed: the total Mediterranean diet score ranged from 0 (minimal adherence to the Mediterranean diet) to 9 (maximal adherence). The percentage of physical inactivity was greater in the ED group (35 vs 19%, P=0.04), whereas the diet score was lower (4.7+/-0.5 vs 5.4+/-0.5, P
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- 2006
36. Erectile dysfunction associates with endothelial dysfunction and raised proinflammatory cytokine levels in obese men
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Massimo D’Armiento, Dario Giugliano, F Giugliano, Raffaele Marfella, Myriam Ciotola, Katherine Esposito, C. Di Palo, Giovanni Giugliano, Giugliano, F, Esposito, Katherine, DI PALO, C, Ciotola, M, Giugliano, G, Marfella, Raffaele, D'Armiento, M, and Giugliano, Dario
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Platelet Aggregation ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Blood Pressure ,Nitric Oxide ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Nitric oxide ,Body Mass Index ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,Erectile Dysfunction ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Obesity ,Vascular Diseases ,Endothelial dysfunction ,Inflammation ,business.industry ,Interleukin ,Endothelial Cells ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Erectile dysfunction ,Mean blood pressure ,C-Reactive Protein ,chemistry ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
Erectile and endothelial dysfunction may have some shared pathways through a defect in nitric oxide activity. We evaluated associations between erectile function, endothelial function and markers of systemic vascular inflammation in 80 obese men, aged 35-55 yr, divided into two equal groups according to the presence/absence of erectile dysfunction. Compared with non-obese age-matched men [no.=50, body mass index (BMI)=24 +/- 1], obese men (all) had impaired indices of endothelial function as suggested by the reduced mean blood pressure and platelet aggregation responses to L-arginine, and higher circulating concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-18 (IL-18), as well as C-reactive protein (CRP). The mean erectile function score was 14 +/- 4 (range 7-19) in obese men with erectile dysfunction and 23.5 +/- 1 (range 22-25) in obese men without erectile dysfunction. Endothelial function showed a greater impairment in impotent obese men as compared with potent obese men. The mean blood pressure and platelet aggregation decreases following L-arginine were -1.5 +/- 1.1 mmHg and -1.1 +/- 1.2%, respectively, in obese men with erectile dysfunction, and -3.4 +/- 1.2 mmHg and -5.6 +/- 2.1%, respectively, in obese men without erectile dysfunction (p < 0.01). Circulating CRP levels were significantly higher in obese men with erectile dysfunction as compared with obese men without erectile dysfunction (p < 0.05). Erectile function score was positively associated with mean blood pressure responses to L-arginine and negatively associated with BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and CRR Erectile and endothelial dysfunction associate in obese men and may contribute to their raised cardiovascular risk through impaired nitric oxide availability elicited by a low-grade inflammatory state.
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- 2004
37. Effect of a mediterranean-style diet on endothelial dysfunction and markers of vascular inflammation in the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial
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Giovanni Giugliano, Massimo D’Armiento, Francesco Giugliano, Francesco D'Andrea, Carmen Di Palo, Katherine Esposito, Miryam Ciotola, Raffaele Marfella, Dario Giugliano, Esposito, K., Marfella, R., Ciotola, M., DI PALO, C., Giugliano, F., Giugliano, G., D'Armiento, M., D'Andrea, Francesco, and Giugliano, D.
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Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mediterranean diet ,Platelet Aggregation ,Blood Pressure ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Polyunsaturated fat ,Insulin resistance ,Weight loss ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Single-Blind Method ,Endothelial dysfunction ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Inflammation ,Metabolic Syndrome ,biology ,business.industry ,Interleukins ,C-reactive protein ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Lipids ,Endocrinology ,C-Reactive Protein ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Female ,Endothelium, Vascular ,Metabolic syndrome ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid - Abstract
ContextThe metabolic syndrome has been identified as a target for dietary therapies to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease; however, the role of diet in the etiology of the metabolic syndrome is poorly understood.ObjectiveTo assess the effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on endothelial function and vascular inflammatory markers in patients with the metabolic syndrome.Design, Setting, and PatientsRandomized, single-blind trial conducted from June 2001 to January 2004 at a university hospital in Italy among 180 patients (99 men and 81 women) with the metabolic syndrome, as defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III.InterventionsPatients in the intervention group (n = 90) were instructed to follow a Mediterranean-style diet and received detailed advice about how to increase daily consumption of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and olive oil; patients in the control group (n = 90) followed a prudent diet (carbohydrates, 50%-60%; proteins, 15%-20%; total fat
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- 2004
38. Effect of weight loss on cardiac synchronization and proinflammatory cytokines in premenopausal obese women
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Federico Cacciapuoti, Carmen Di Palo, Domenico Labriola, Dario Giugliano, Lucio Misso, Raffaele Marfella, Katherine Esposito, Mario Siniscalchi, Francesco Giugliano, Myriam Ciotola, Marfella, R, Esposito, Katherine, Siniscalchi, M, Cacciapuoti, Federico, Giugliano, F, Labriola, Domenico, Ciotola, M, DI PALO, C, Misso, L, and Giugliano, Dario
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Cardiac function curve ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Inflammation ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Weight loss ,Reference Values ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Weight Loss ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Ventricular Function ,Obesity ,Risk factor ,Ventricular dyssynchrony ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Anthropometry ,business.industry ,Interleukin-6 ,Interleukin-8 ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,Premenopause ,Heart failure ,Cytokines ,Mitral Valve ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE—Obesity is an important risk factor for heart failure in both women and men. Dyssynchrony between right and left ventricular contraction and relaxation has been identified as an independent predictor of heart failure. We examined the relationship of ventricular synchronization abnormalities with the concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in obese women at baseline and after sustained weight loss. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Echocardiographic parameters of ventricular dyssynchrony, circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were investigated in 67 healthy, premenopausal obese women and 40 age-matched normal-weight women. RESULTS—Compared with nonobese women, obese women had increased concentrations of CRP (P < 0.01), TNF-α (P < 0.01), IL-6 (P < 0.01), and IL-18 (P < 0.01). Moreover, obese women had a higher myocardial performance index (P < 0.02) and lower transmitral Doppler flow (P < 0.05), pulmonary venous flow analysis (P < 0.02), and ejection fraction (P < 0.05), indicating ventricular dyssynchrony. Concentrations of CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 were related to anthropometric indexes of obesity and to echocardiographic parameters of ventricular dyssynchrony. After 1 year of a multidisciplinary program of weight reduction, obese women lost at least 10% of their original weight. This was associated with reduction of cytokine (P < 0.01) and CRP (P < 0.02) concentrations and with improvement of echocardiographic parameters of ventricular dyssynchrony, which correlated with changes in adiposity, particularly visceral adiposity. CONCLUSIONS—In obese women, ventricular dyssynchrony correlates with body fat, possibly through inappropriate secretion of cytokines. Weight loss represents a safe method for downregulating the inflammatory state and ameliorating cardiac function in obese women.
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- 2003
39. Meal modulation of circulating interleukin 18 and adiponectin concentrations in healthy subjects and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Michelangela Barbieri, Francesco Giugliano, Myriam Ciotola, Francesco Nappo, Giuseppe Paolisso, Carmen Di Palo, Katherine Esposito, Dario Giugliano, Esposito, Katherine, Nappo, F, Giugliano, F, DI PALO, C, Ciotola, M, Barbieri, Michelangela, Paolisso, Giuseppe, and Giugliano, Dario
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Dietary Fiber ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Type 2 diabetes ,Coronary Artery Disease ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Dietary Carbohydrates ,Ingestion ,Humans ,Meal ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Cross-Over Studies ,Adiponectin ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Interleukin-8 ,Interleukin-18 ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Proteins ,medicine.disease ,Crossover study ,Dietary Fats ,Endocrinology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Interleukin 18 ,Female ,business - Abstract
Background: A single high-fat meal induces endothelial activation, which is associated with increased serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. Objective: We compared the effect of 3 different meals on circulating concentrations of interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 18 (IL-18), and adiponectin in healthy subjects and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Design: Thirty patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and 30 matched, nondiabetic subjects received the following 3 isoenergetic (780 kcal) meals separated by 1-wk intervals: a high-fat meal; a high-carbohydrate, low-fiber (4.5 g) meal; and a high-carbohydrate, high-fiber meal in which refined-wheat flour was replaced with whole-wheat flour (16.8 g). We analyzed serum glucose and lipid variables and serum IL-8, IL-18, and adiponectin concentrations at baseline and at 2 and 4 h after ingestion of the meals. Results: Compared with nondiabetic subjects, diabetic patients had higher fasting IL-8 (P < 0.05) and IL-18 (P < 0.01) concentrations and lower adiponectin concentrations (P < 0.01) at baseline. In both nondiabetic and diabetic subjects, IL-18 concentrations increased and adiponectin concentrations decreased (P < 0.05) from baseline concentrations after consumption of the high-fat meal. After consumption of the high-carbohydrate, high-fiber meal, serum IL-18 concentrations decreased from baseline concentrations (P < 0.05) in both nondiabetic and diabetic subjects; adiponectin concentrations decreased after the high-carbohydrate, low-fiber meal in diabetic patients. IL-8 concentrations did not change significantly after consumption of any of the 3 meals. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that circulating IL-18 and adiponectin concentrations are modulated by familiar foodstuffs in humans. Meal modulation of cytokines involved in atherogenesis may represent a safe strategy for ameliorating atherogenetic inflammatory activity in diabetic patients.
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- 2003
40. Cytokine milieu tends toward inflammation in type 2 diabetes
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Carmen Di Palo, Michelangela Barbieri, Giuseppe Paolisso, Francesco Giugliano, Myriam Ciotola, Dario Giugliano, Katherine Esposito, Francesco Nappo, Esposito, Katherine, Nappo, F, Giugliano, F, DI PALO, C, Ciotola, M, Barbieri, Michelangela, Paolisso, Giuseppe, and Giugliano, Dario
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Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,Chemokine ,Endothelium ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Inflammation ,Type 2 diabetes ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Body Mass Index ,Reference Values ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Adiponectin ,biology ,business.industry ,Interleukin-8 ,Interleukin-18 ,Interleukin ,Chemotaxis ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Cytokines ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
It has been postulated that type 2 diabetes is a manifestation of the inflammatory host response (1). Increased inflammatory activity is believed to play a critical role in development of atherogenesis and to predispose established atherosclerotic plaques to rupture (2). Interleukin (IL)-8 is a potent chemoattractant (chemokine) and induces recruitment of neutrophils and T-cells into the subendothelial space, as well as adhesion of monocytes to endothelium (3). IL-18 is a potent proinflammatory cytokine reported to play a role in plaque destabilization and to predict cardiovascular death in patients with coronary artery disease (4). Adiponectin is an …
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- 2003
41. Effect of weight loss and lifestyle changes on vascular inflammatory markers in obese women: a randomized trial
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Carmen Di Palo, Giovanni Giugliano, Raffaele Marfella, Mariangela Masella, Katherine Esposito, Dario Giugliano, Alessandro Pontillo, Esposito, Katherine, Pontillo, A, DI PALO, C, Giugliano, G, Masella, M, Marfella, Raffaele, Giugliano, Dario, Pontillo, A., DI PALO, Carmen, Giugliano, G., Masella, M., and Marfella, R.
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Diet, Reducing ,Saturated fat ,Body Mass Index ,Insulin resistance ,Risk Factors ,Weight loss ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Weight Loss ,medicine ,Humans ,Single-Blind Method ,Obesity ,Exercise ,Life Style ,Adiponectin ,Interleukin-6 ,business.industry ,Interleukin-18 ,Proteins ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,C-Reactive Protein ,Endocrinology ,Premenopause ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Homeostatic model assessment ,Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Female ,Insulin Resistance ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Risk Reduction Behavior ,Body mass index ,Biomarkers - Abstract
ContextObesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which may be mediated by increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by adipose tissue.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of a program of changes in lifestyle designed to obtain a sustained reduction of body weight on markers of systemic vascular inflammation and insulin resistance.Design and SettingRandomized single-blind trial conducted from February 1999 to February 2002 at a university hospital in Italy.PatientsOne hundred twenty premenopausal obese women (body mass index ≥30) aged 20 to 46 years without diabetes, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia.InterventionsThe 60 women randomly assigned to the intervention group received detailed advice about how to achieve a reduction of weight of 10% or more through a low-energy Mediterranean-style diet and increased physical activity. The control group (n = 60) was given general information about healthy food choices and exercise.Main Outcome MeasuresLipid and glucose intake; blood pressure; homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity; and circulating levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 18 (IL-18), C-reactive protein (CRP), and adiponectin.ResultsAfter 2 years, women in the intervention group consumed more foods rich in complex carbohydrates (9% corrected difference; P
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- 2003
42. Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: A randomized trial
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Dario Giugliano, Maurizio Gicchino, Antonio Ceriello, Maria Ida Maiorino, Paola Scognamiglio, Flora Beneduce, Carmen Di Palo, Michela Petrizzo, Miryam Ciotola, Franco Saccomanno, Katherine Esposito, Esposito, Katherine, Maiorino, M., Ciotola, M., DI PALO, C., Scognamiglio, P., Gicchino, M., Petrizzo, M., Saccomanno, F., Beneduce, F., Ceriello, A., and Giugliano, Dario
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Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,HbA1c ,Mediterranean diet ,Type 2 diabetes ,Overweight ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Type 2 diabete ,law.invention ,Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Weight loss ,Risk Factors ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,need of diabetes medicine ,Weight Loss ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Obesity ,Diet, Fat-Restricted ,Exercise ,Glycemic ,Aged ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Weight change ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Physical therapy ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes are usually managed by pharmacotherapy as well as lifestyle changes. The latter are often ineffective and pharmacotherapy may fail over time or may increase cardiovascular and other risks. Specific diets recommended for weight loss in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes are low-carbohydrate and low-fat calorie-restricted diet. Mediterranean-style diets (MED) have been recommended because they increase insulin sensitivity and improve control of coronary risk factors and hyperglycemia. However, there have been few direct long-term comparisons with other diets in patients with diabetes. This single-center, randomized trial compared the long term effectiveness of a low-carbohydrate MED diet and a low-fat diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Effects on glycemic control and coronary risk factors were also compared. The study subjects were 215 overweight individuals, 30 to 70 years of age with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, who had a hemoglobin Alc (HbA 1c ) level
43. Prefrontal cortex activated bilaterally by a tilt board balance task: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study in a semi-immersive virtual reality environment.
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Ferrari M, Bisconti S, Spezialetti M, Basso Moro S, Di Palo C, Placidi G, and Quaresima V
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- Adult, Brain Mapping, Hemoglobins metabolism, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Oxygen Consumption, Oxyhemoglobins metabolism, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, Task Performance and Analysis, Tilt-Table Test, User-Computer Interface, Attention physiology, Motor Activity physiology, Postural Balance physiology, Prefrontal Cortex physiology
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the prefrontal cortex (PFC) oxygenation response to a 5-min incremental tilt board balance task (ITBBT) in a semi-immersive virtual reality (VR) environment driven by a depth-sensing camera. It was hypothesized that the PFC would be bilaterally activated in response to the increase of the ITBBT difficulty, given the PFC involvement in the allocation of the attentional resources to maintain postural control. Twenty-two healthy male subjects were asked to use medial-lateral postural sways to maintain their equilibrium on a virtual tilt board (VTB) balancing over a pivot. When the subject was unable to maintain the VTB angle within ± 35° the VTB became red (error). An eight-channel fNIRS system was employed for measuring changes in PFC oxygenated-deoxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb-HHb, respectively). Results revealed that the number of the performed board sways and errors augmented with the increasing of the ITBBT difficulty. A PFC activation was observed with a tendency to plateau for both O2Hb-HHb changes within the last 2 min of the task. A significant main effect of the level of difficulty was found in O2Hb and HHb (p < 0.001). The study has demonstrated that the oxygenation increased over the PFC while the subject was performing an ITBBT in a semi-immersive VR environment. This increase was modulated by the task difficulty, suggesting that the PFC is bilaterally involved in attention-demanding tasks. This task could be considered useful for diagnostic testing and functional neurorehabilitation given its adaptability in elderly and in patients with movement disorders.
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- 2014
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44. Long-term effect of mediterranean-style diet and calorie restriction on biomarkers of longevity and oxidative stress in overweight men.
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Esposito K, Di Palo C, Maiorino MI, Petrizzo M, Bellastella G, Siniscalchi I, and Giugliano D
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We report the effects of a Mediterranean-style diet, with or without calorie restriction, on biomarkers of aging and oxidative stress in overweight men. 192 men were randomly assigned to either a Mediterranean-style diet or a conventional diet. The intervention program was based on implementation of a Mediterranean dietary pattern in the overweight group (MED diet group), associated with calorie restriction and increased physical activity in the obese group (lifestyle group). Both groups were compared with participants in two matched control groups (advice groups). After 2 years, there was a significant difference in weight loss between groups, which was -14 kg (95% CI -20 to -8) in lifestyle groups and -2.0 kg (-4.4 to 0) in the advice groups, with a difference of -11.9 kg (CI -19 to -4.7 kg, P < .001); moreover, there was a significant difference between groups at 2 years for insulin (P = .04), 8-iso-PGF2α (P = .037), glucose (P = .04), and adiponectin (P = .01). Prolonged adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet, with or without caloric restriction, in overweight or obese men is associated with significant amelioration of multiple risk factors, including a better cardiovascular risk profile, reduced oxidative stress, and improved insulin sensitivity.
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- 2010
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45. Dietary glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with metabolic control in type 2 diabetes: The CAPRI experience.
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Esposito K, Maiorino MI, Di Palo C, and Giugliano D
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- Aged, Biomarkers blood, Blood Glucose metabolism, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 metabolism, Diet Records, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin metabolism, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Italy, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Postprandial Period, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 diet therapy, Feeding Behavior, Glycemic Index
- Abstract
Background: The role of low-glycemic-index diets in the treatment of diabetes mellitus remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between the dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) with metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in 901 outpatients with type 2 diabetes attending diabetes clinics located in the area of the Campania County, South Italy, who provided complete home blood glucose profiles and centralized glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Dietary information was obtained using semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaires. HbA1c was assessed in the centralized laboratory while blood glucose profiles were assessed at home., Results: After adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, medication use, prevalence of metabolic syndrome, hypertension, energy and fiber intake, dietary GI and GL were positively associated with HbA1c in a dose-dependent fashion (P for trend, 0.007 for GI and 0.02 for GL). Diabetic patients with the highest GI and GL had the highest HbA1c levels (difference 1%, P = 0.001). The difference in 1-h postmeal glucose levels at home between the highest and the lowest quintile of GI was 37 (15) [mean and standard deviation (SD)] mg/dL (P = 0.001)., Conclusions: Diets low in GI and GL are associated with lower HbA1c and postmeal glucose levels in the everyday life of type 2 diabetic patients.
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- 2010
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46. Effect of a mediterranean-style diet on endothelial dysfunction and markers of vascular inflammation in the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial.
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Esposito K, Marfella R, Ciotola M, Di Palo C, Giugliano F, Giugliano G, D'Armiento M, D'Andrea F, and Giugliano D
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- Adult, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, C-Reactive Protein metabolism, Endothelium, Vascular physiology, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Insulin metabolism, Interleukins metabolism, Lipids blood, Male, Metabolic Syndrome physiopathology, Middle Aged, Platelet Aggregation, Single-Blind Method, Diet, Mediterranean, Metabolic Syndrome diet therapy
- Abstract
Context: The metabolic syndrome has been identified as a target for dietary therapies to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease; however, the role of diet in the etiology of the metabolic syndrome is poorly understood., Objective: To assess the effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on endothelial function and vascular inflammatory markers in patients with the metabolic syndrome., Design, Setting, and Patients: Randomized, single-blind trial conducted from June 2001 to January 2004 at a university hospital in Italy among 180 patients (99 men and 81 women) with the metabolic syndrome, as defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III., Interventions: Patients in the intervention group (n = 90) were instructed to follow a Mediterranean-style diet and received detailed advice about how to increase daily consumption of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and olive oil; patients in the control group (n = 90) followed a prudent diet (carbohydrates, 50%-60%; proteins, 15%-20%; total fat, <30%)., Main Outcome Measures: Nutrient intake; endothelial function score as a measure of blood pressure and platelet aggregation response to l-arginine; lipid and glucose parameters; insulin sensitivity; and circulating levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukins 6 (IL-6), 7 (IL-7), and 18 (IL-18)., Results: After 2 years, patients following the Mediterranean-style diet consumed more foods rich in monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, and fiber and had a lower ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids. Total fruit, vegetable, and nuts intake (274 g/d), whole grain intake (103 g/d), and olive oil consumption (8 g/d) were also significantly higher in the intervention group (P<.001). The level of physical activity increased in both groups by approximately 60%, without difference between groups (P =.22). Mean (SD) body weight decreased more in patients in the intervention group (-4.0 [1.1] kg) than in those in the control group (-1.2 [0.6] kg) (P<.001). Compared with patients consuming the control diet, patients consuming the intervention diet had significantly reduced serum concentrations of hs-CRP (P =.01), IL-6 (P =.04), IL-7 (P = 0.4), and IL-18 (P = 0.3), as well as decreased insulin resistance (P<.001). Endothelial function score improved in the intervention group (mean [SD] change, +1.9 [0.6]; P<.001) but remained stable in the control group (+0.2 [0.2]; P =.33). At 2 years of follow-up, 40 patients in the intervention group still had features of the metabolic syndrome, compared with 78 patients in the control group (P<.001)., Conclusion: A Mediterranean-style diet might be effective in reducing the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its associated cardiovascular risk.
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- 2004
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47. Effect of weight loss on cardiac synchronization and proinflammatory cytokines in premenopausal obese women.
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Marfella R, Esposito K, Siniscalchi M, Cacciapuoti F, Giugliano F, Labriola D, Ciotola M, Di Palo C, Misso L, and Giugliano D
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- Adult, Anthropometry, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Interleukin-6 blood, Interleukin-8 blood, Mitral Valve physiology, Mitral Valve physiopathology, Reference Values, Cytokines blood, Obesity physiopathology, Premenopause blood, Ventricular Function physiology, Weight Loss physiology
- Abstract
Objective: Obesity is an important risk factor for heart failure in both women and men. Dyssynchrony between right and left ventricular contraction and relaxation has been identified as an independent predictor of heart failure. We examined the relationship of ventricular synchronization abnormalities with the concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in obese women at baseline and after sustained weight loss., Research Design and Methods: Echocardiographic parameters of ventricular dyssynchrony, circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were investigated in 67 healthy, premenopausal obese women and 40 age-matched normal-weight women., Results: Compared with nonobese women, obese women had increased concentrations of CRP (P < 0.01), TNF-alpha (P < 0.01), IL-6 (P < 0.01), and IL-18 (P < 0.01). Moreover, obese women had a higher myocardial performance index (P < 0.02) and lower transmitral Doppler flow (P < 0.05), pulmonary venous flow analysis (P < 0.02), and ejection fraction (P < 0.05), indicating ventricular dyssynchrony. Concentrations of CRP, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 were related to anthropometric indexes of obesity and to echocardiographic parameters of ventricular dyssynchrony. After 1 year of a multidisciplinary program of weight reduction, obese women lost at least 10% of their original weight. This was associated with reduction of cytokine (P < 0.01) and CRP (P < 0.02) concentrations and with improvement of echocardiographic parameters of ventricular dyssynchrony, which correlated with changes in adiposity, particularly visceral adiposity., Conclusions: In obese women, ventricular dyssynchrony correlates with body fat, possibly through inappropriate secretion of cytokines. Weight loss represents a safe method for downregulating the inflammatory state and ameliorating cardiac function in obese women.
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- 2004
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48. Meal modulation of circulating interleukin 18 and adiponectin concentrations in healthy subjects and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Author
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Esposito K, Nappo F, Giugliano F, Di Palo C, Ciotola M, Barbieri M, Paolisso G, and Giugliano D
- Subjects
- Adiponectin, Adult, Blood Glucose analysis, Coronary Artery Disease blood, Coronary Artery Disease diet therapy, Coronary Artery Disease metabolism, Cross-Over Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 diet therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 metabolism, Female, Humans, Interleukin-18 biosynthesis, Interleukin-8 biosynthesis, Interleukin-8 blood, Male, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood, Dietary Carbohydrates administration & dosage, Dietary Fats administration & dosage, Dietary Fiber administration & dosage, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Interleukin-18 blood, Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Background: A single high-fat meal induces endothelial activation, which is associated with increased serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines., Objective: We compared the effect of 3 different meals on circulating concentrations of interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 18 (IL-18), and adiponectin in healthy subjects and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus., Design: Thirty patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and 30 matched, nondiabetic subjects received the following 3 isoenergetic (780 kcal) meals separated by 1-wk intervals: a high-fat meal; a high-carbohydrate, low-fiber (4.5 g) meal; and a high-carbohydrate, high-fiber meal in which refined-wheat flour was replaced with whole-wheat flour (16.8 g). We analyzed serum glucose and lipid variables and serum IL-8, IL-18, and adiponectin concentrations at baseline and at 2 and 4 h after ingestion of the meals., Results: Compared with nondiabetic subjects, diabetic patients had higher fasting IL-8 (P < 0.05) and IL-18 (P < 0.01) concentrations and lower adiponectin concentrations (P < 0.01) at baseline. In both nondiabetic and diabetic subjects, IL-18 concentrations increased and adiponectin concentrations decreased (P < 0.05) from baseline concentrations after consumption of the high-fat meal. After consumption of the high-carbohydrate, high-fiber meal, serum IL-18 concentrations decreased from baseline concentrations (P < 0.05) in both nondiabetic and diabetic subjects; adiponectin concentrations decreased after the high-carbohydrate, low-fiber meal in diabetic patients. IL-8 concentrations did not change significantly after consumption of any of the 3 meals., Conclusions: This study provides evidence that circulating IL-18 and adiponectin concentrations are modulated by familiar foodstuffs in humans. Meal modulation of cytokines involved in atherogenesis may represent a safe strategy for ameliorating atherogenetic inflammatory activity in diabetic patients.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Cytokine milieu tends toward inflammation in type 2 diabetes.
- Author
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Esposito K, Nappo F, Giugliano F, Di Palo C, Ciotola M, Barbieri M, Paolisso G, and Giugliano D
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose metabolism, Body Mass Index, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Cytokines immunology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 immunology, Inflammation immunology, Interleukin-18 blood, Interleukin-8 blood
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Effect of weight loss and lifestyle changes on vascular inflammatory markers in obese women: a randomized trial.
- Author
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Esposito K, Pontillo A, Di Palo C, Giugliano G, Masella M, Marfella R, and Giugliano D
- Subjects
- Adiponectin, Adult, Biomarkers blood, Body Mass Index, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diet, Reducing, Exercise, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Premenopause, Risk Factors, Single-Blind Method, C-Reactive Protein metabolism, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Interleukin-18 blood, Interleukin-6 blood, Life Style, Obesity blood, Obesity therapy, Proteins metabolism, Risk Reduction Behavior, Weight Loss physiology
- Abstract
Context: Obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which may be mediated by increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by adipose tissue., Objective: To determine the effect of a program of changes in lifestyle designed to obtain a sustained reduction of body weight on markers of systemic vascular inflammation and insulin resistance., Design and Setting: Randomized single-blind trial conducted from February 1999 to February 2002 at a university hospital in Italy., Patients: One hundred twenty premenopausal obese women (body mass index > or =30) aged 20 to 46 years without diabetes, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia., Interventions: The 60 women randomly assigned to the intervention group received detailed advice about how to achieve a reduction of weight of 10% or more through a low-energy Mediterranean-style diet and increased physical activity. The control group (n = 60) was given general information about healthy food choices and exercise., Main Outcome Measures: Lipid and glucose intake; blood pressure; homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity; and circulating levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 18 (IL-18), C-reactive protein (CRP), and adiponectin., Results: After 2 years, women in the intervention group consumed more foods rich in complex carbohydrates (9% corrected difference; P<.001), monounsaturated fat (2%; P =.009), and fiber (7 g/d; P<.001); had a lower ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids (-5; P<.001); and had lower energy (-310 kcal/d; P<.001), saturated fat (-3.5%; P =.007), and cholesterol intake (-92 mg/d; P<.001) than controls. Body mass index decreased more in the intervention group than in controls (-4.2; P<.001), as did serum concentrations of IL-6 (-1.1 pg/mL; P =.009), IL-18 (-57 pg/mL; P =.02), and CRP (-1.6 mg/L; P =.008), while adiponectin levels increased significantly (2.2 microg/mL; P =.01). In multivariate analyses, changes in free fatty acids (P =.008), IL-6 (P =.02), and adiponectin (P =.007) levels were independently associated with changes in insulin sensitivity., Conclusion: In this study, a multidisciplinary program aimed to reduce body weight in obese women through lifestyle changes was associated with a reduction in markers of vascular inflammation and insulin resistance.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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