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3. Development of PBS/Nano Composite PHB-Based Multilayer Blown Films with Enhanced Properties for Food Packaging Applications.

Author

Palmieri, Francesco, Tagoe, Joseph Nii Ayi, and Di Maio, Luciano

Subjects
FOOD packaging, EDIBLE coatings, BIODEGRADABLE plastics, WATER vapor, OXYGEN in water, POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE
Abstract

Biobased and biodegradable plastics have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional plastics offering the potential to reduce environmental impacts while promoting sustainability. This study focuses on the production of multilayer blown films with enhanced functional properties suitable for food packaging applications. Films were developed through co-extrusion in a three-layer film configuration, with Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) and Polybutylene Succinate Adipate (PBSA) as the external and internal layers, respectively. The functional layer consisted of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) enhanced with nanoclays Cloisite® 30B at varying weight ratios. Films were also processed by manipulating the extruder screw speed of the functional layer to investigate its impact on the functional properties. Rheology, mechanical strength, and barrier performance were characterised to establish correlations between processing conditions and functional layer blends (Cloisite® 30B/PHB) on the properties of the resultant films. Rheological test results indicated that the system with 5% Cloisite® had the best polymer/nanofiller matrix dispersion. Mechanical and permeability tests showed that by varying the process conditions (the alteration of the thickness of the functionalized layer) resulted in an improvement in mechanical and barrier properties. Furthermore, the addition of the nanofiller resulted in a stiffening of the film with a subsequent decrease in permeability to oxygen and water vapour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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4. Cellulose/Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Composites as a Sustainable Bio-Based Feedstock to 3D-Printing Applications.

Author

D'Arienzo, Lucia, Acierno, Stefano, Patti, Antonella, and Di Maio, Luciano

Subjects
POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE, POLY-beta-hydroxybutyrate, CELLULOSE, CELLULOSE fibers, DYNAMIC mechanical analysis, DIFFERENTIAL scanning calorimetry, FEEDSTOCK, THERMOGRAVIMETRY
Abstract

In this work, we have studied the potential application for 3D-printing of a polymer made from combining a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer (i.e., polyhydroxybutyrate, PHB) with natural bio-based fiber (i.e., cellulose). To this end, a masterbatch at 15 wt.% in filler content was prepared by melt-blending, and then this system was "diluted" with pure PHB in a second extrusion phase in order to produce filaments at 1.5 and 3 wt.% of cellulose. For comparison, a filament made of 100% virgin PHB pellets was prepared under the same conditions. All the systems were then processed in the 3D-printer apparatus, and specimens were mainly characterized by static (tensile and flexural testing) and dynamic mechanical analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, spectroscopic measurements, and morphological aspects of PHB polymer and composites were also discussed. The results showed a significant negative impact of the process on the mechanical properties of the basic PHB with a reduction in both tensile and flexural mechanical properties. The PHB–cellulose composites showed a good dispersion filler in the matrix but a poor interfacial adhesion between the two phases. Furthermore, the cellulose had no effect on the melting behavior and the crystallinity of the polymer. The addition of cellulose improved the thermal stability of the polymer and minimized the negative impact of extrusion. The mechanical performance of the composites was found to be higher compared to the corresponding (processed) polymer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. New Materials and Technologies for Durability and Conservation of Building Heritage

Author

Coppola, Luigi, primary, Bellezze, Tiziano, additional, Belli, Alberto, additional, Bianco, Alessandra, additional, Blasi, Elisa, additional, Cappello, Miriam, additional, Caputo, Domenico, additional, Chougan, Mehdi, additional, Coffetti, Denny, additional, Coppola, Bartolomeo, additional, Corinaldesi, Valeria, additional, D’Amore, Alberto, additional, Daniele, Valeria, additional, Di Maio, Luciano, additional, Di Palma, Luca, additional, Donnini, Jacopo, additional, Ferrara, Giuseppe, additional, Filippi, Sara, additional, Gastaldi, Matteo, additional, Generosi, Nicola, additional, Giosuè, Chiara, additional, Incarnato, Loredana, additional, Lamastra, Francesca, additional, Liguori, Barbara, additional, Macera, Ludovico, additional, Maqbool, Qaisar, additional, Mascolo, Maria Cristina, additional, Mavilia, Letterio, additional, Mazzoli, Alida, additional, Medici, Franco, additional, Mobili, Alessandra, additional, Montesperelli, Giampiero, additional, Pia, Giorgio, additional, Redaelli, Elena, additional, Ruello, Maria Letizia, additional, Scarfato, Paola, additional, Taglieri, Giuliana, additional, Tittarelli, Francesca, additional, Tulliani, Jean-Marc, additional, and Valenza, Antonino, additional

Published
2023
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22. Packaging technology for improving shelf-life of fruits based on a nanoporous-crystalline polymer

Author

Rizzo, Paola, Cozzolino, Antonietta, Albunia, Alexandra R., Giuffrè, Angelo Maria, Sicari, Vincenzo, Di Maio, Luciano, Daniel, Christophe, Venditto, Vincenzo, Galimberti, Maurizio, Mensitieri, Giuseppe, Guerra, Gaetano, Rizzo, Paola, Cozzolino, Antonietta, Albunia, Alexandra R., Giuffrè, Angelo Maria, Sicari, Vincenzo, Di Maio, Luciano, Daniel, Christophe, Venditto, Vincenzo, Galimberti, Maurizio, Mensitieri, Giuseppe, and Guerra, Gaetano

Subjects
Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Materials Chemistry2506 Metals and Alloys, Nanoporous crystalline polymer, Polymers and Plastics, Packaging, Chemistry (all), films, nanoporous crystalline polymer, packaging, polystyrene, Polystyrene, Film, Films, Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Abstract

The ability of films with an active layer of nanoporous–crystalline syndiotactic polystyrene (s-PS) to prolong shelf-life, not only of climacteric but also of non-climacteric fruits, is discussed. Studies on oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the environment of packaged fruits as well as in s-PS active layers have been combined. Reported results indicate that prolonged shelf-life can be associated with large increases and decreases of carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations inside the package, respectively. These data are consistent with a higher barrier offered to both gases by nanoporous–crystalline s-PS layers. This barrier phenomenon is due to reduction of gas diffusivity typical of nanoporous–crystalline polymer films, which is further enhanced by orientation, parallel to the film plane, of crystalline planes of closely packed s-PS helices.

Published
2018

23. Development of PLA / PHB Blown Films with Improved Performance for Food Packaging Applications.

Author

Pietrosanto, Arianna, Scarfato, Paola, Di Maio, Luciano, and Incarnato, Loredana

Subjects
POLYLACTIC acid, FOOD packaging, GAMMA-hydroxybutyrate, ELASTIC modulus, POLYMERS
Abstract

In the present work, the suitability of Polylactic acid (PLA) / Poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) blends for blown film extrusion was evaluated in a broad range of compositions, obtaining films with improved performance for food packaging applications. Blending PHB with PLA enhanced the processability of the systems for the film blowing process than neat PLA. Moreover, even though the polymers were found to be immiscible, the addition of PHB improved the crystallization of PLA, with a consequent increase in the stiffness, barrier properties and light-screening ability of the final developed systems. An increase in the ductility of the films was also achieved with a PHB content up to 30 wt.%. Correlations between the transparency and the crystallinity degree, and between the oxygen permeability and the elastic modulus of the films were also evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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24. Development of Recycled Blown Films Based on Post-Consumer Plastics Recovered from Seas And Rivers.

Author

Ferraioli, Raffaella, Di Maio, Luciano, Incarnato, Loredana, and Scarfato, Paola

Subjects
FLEXIBLE packaging, PLASTIC scrap, MONTMORILLONITE, ZEOLITES, GRAFT copolymers
Abstract

Post-consumer flexible packaging abandoned in seas and rivers represent an important environmental problem: their recovery is still a challenge and the management of the recovered material is equally difficult since, due to their heterogenicity and to their long-time permanence in seas or rivers, these plastics present various issues related to high incompatibility, hygroscopicity and presence of bad smells. All this translates into poor processability and mechanical performance and low organoleptic quality. The aim of this work is to characterize the seas and rivers plastic waste (SRPW) composition and to perform a preliminary investigation on the effectiveness of two different mineral fillers as reinforcing and compatibilizing agents for SRPW, in view of possible second-life applications of this waste. In particular, an organo-modified montmorillonite (Dellite 67G) and a natural sodium zeolite mineral (Zeolite 4A), loaded at 5 wt%, were considered for improving the processability and properties of SRPW blown films. The combined use of a polymeric compatibilizer (polyolefin block copolymer grafted with 0.4 wt% maleic anhydride was also considered, in order both to improve the filler dispersion within the polymer and to compatibilize the main constituents of SRPW. The results demonstrated that the addition of both fillers to SRPW leaves essentially unchanged the thermal stability, but gives interesting improvements mainly in terms of stiffness. The effects are more significant when the nanometric Dellite 67G is added, than for the micrometric Zeolite 4A, especially in compatibilized systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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25. Natural Nanozeolite as Desiccant and Reinforcement Additive in Recycled Polymer Blends from Post-Consumer Flexible Packaging.

Author

Garofalo, Emilia, Scarfato, Paola, Di Maio, Luciano, Protopapa, Antonio, and Incarnato, Loredana

Subjects
POLYMERS, POLYOLEFINS, NANOSTRUCTURED materials, POLYPROPYLENE, ZEOLITES
Abstract

This study concerned with the upgrading of a mixed polyolefin material, obtained by the sorting and mechanical recycling of flexible packaging of small size (< 0.125 m2). It is mainly composed of polyethylene and a minor amount of polypropylene, with traces of polar contaminants. These latter are responsible for material's hygroscopicity, which negatively affects its processability and final performances. In the present work, the recyclate was melt compounded with different amounts of a nanometric natural zeolite by means of a single-screw extruder. The idea was to take advantage of the potential double function of this additive, as desiccant and reinforcement. The neat recyclate and its blends with the nanozeolite were extruded in the form of ribbons that were submitted to tensile mechanical tests. Significant increases of both stiffness and strain at break were observed for the systems Fil-s/nanozeolite compared to the neat recyclate, due to an efficient drying and reinforcement action of the selected nanozeolite, despite the non-optimal dispersion of the nanofiller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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31. Binders alternative to Portland cement and waste management for sustainable construction – Part 2

Author

Coppola, Luigi, primary, Bellezze, Tiziano, additional, Belli, Alberto, additional, Bignozzi, Maria C, additional, Bolzoni, Fabio, additional, Brenna, Andrea, additional, Cabrini, Marina, additional, Candamano, Sebastiano, additional, Cappai, Marta, additional, Caputo, Domenico, additional, Carsana, Maddalena, additional, Casnedi, Ludovica, additional, Cioffi, Raffaele, additional, Cocco, Ombretta, additional, Coffetti, Denny, additional, Colangelo, Francesco, additional, Coppola, Bartolomeo, additional, Corinaldesi, Valeria, additional, Crea, Fortunato, additional, Crotti, Elena, additional, Daniele, Valeria, additional, De Gisi, Sabino, additional, Delogu, Francesco, additional, Diamanti, Maria V, additional, Di Maio, Luciano, additional, Di Mundo, Rosa, additional, Di Palma, Luca, additional, Donnini, Jacopo, additional, Farina, Ilenia, additional, Ferone, Claudio, additional, Frontera, Patrizia, additional, Gastaldi, Matteo, additional, Giosuè, Chiara, additional, Incarnato, Loredana, additional, Liguori, Barbara, additional, Lollini, Federica, additional, Lorenzi, Sergio, additional, Manzi, Stefania, additional, Marino, Ottavio, additional, Marroccoli, Milena, additional, Mascolo, Maria C, additional, Mavilia, Letterio, additional, Mazzoli, Alida, additional, Medici, Franco, additional, Meloni, Paola, additional, Merlonetti, Glauco, additional, Mobili, Alessandra, additional, Notarnicola, Michele, additional, Ormellese, Marco, additional, Pastore, Tommaso, additional, Pedeferri, Maria Pia, additional, Petrella, Andrea, additional, Pia, Giorgio, additional, Redaelli, Elena, additional, Roviello, Giuseppina, additional, Scarfato, Paola, additional, Scoccia, Giancarlo, additional, Taglieri, Giuliana, additional, Telesca, Antonio, additional, Tittarelli, Francesca, additional, Todaro, Francesco, additional, Vilardi, Giorgio, additional, and Yang, Fan, additional

Published
2018
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32. Binders alternative to Portland cement and waste management for sustainable construction—part 1

Author

Coppola, Luigi, primary, Bellezze, Tiziano, additional, Belli, Alberto, additional, Bignozzi, Maria Chiara, additional, Bolzoni, Fabio, additional, Brenna, Andrea, additional, Cabrini, Marina, additional, Candamano, Sebastiano, additional, Cappai, Marta, additional, Caputo, Domenico, additional, Carsana, Maddalena, additional, Casnedi, Ludovica, additional, Cioffi, Raffaele, additional, Cocco, Ombretta, additional, Coffetti, Denny, additional, Colangelo, Francesco, additional, Coppola, Bartolomeo, additional, Corinaldesi, Valeria, additional, Crea, Fortunato, additional, Crotti, Elena, additional, Daniele, Valeria, additional, De Gisi, Sabino, additional, Delogu, Francesco, additional, Diamanti, Maria Vittoria, additional, Di Maio, Luciano, additional, Di Mundo, Rosa, additional, Di Palma, Luca, additional, Donnini, Jacopo, additional, Farina, Ilenia, additional, Ferone, Claudio, additional, Frontera, Patrizia, additional, Gastaldi, Matteo, additional, Giosuè, Chiara, additional, Incarnato, Loredana, additional, Liguori, Barbara, additional, Lollini, Federica, additional, Lorenzi, Sergio, additional, Manzi, Stefania, additional, Marino, Ottavio, additional, Marroccoli, Milena, additional, Mascolo, Maria Cristina, additional, Mavilia, Letterio, additional, Mazzoli, Alida, additional, Medici, Franco, additional, Meloni, Paola, additional, Merlonetti, Glauco, additional, Mobili, Alessandra, additional, Notarnicola, Michele, additional, Ormellese, Marco, additional, Pastore, Tommaso, additional, Pedeferri, Maria Pia, additional, Petrella, Andrea, additional, Pia, Giorgio, additional, Redaelli, Elena, additional, Roviello, Giuseppina, additional, Scarfato, Paola, additional, Scoccia, Giancarlo, additional, Taglieri, Giuliana, additional, Telesca, Antonio, additional, Tittarelli, Francesca, additional, Todaro, Francesco, additional, Vilardi, Giorgio, additional, and Yang, Fan, additional

Published
2018
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34. Packaging technology for improving shelf-life of fruits based on a nanoporous-crystalline polymer

Author

Rizzo, Paola, primary, Cozzolino, Antonietta, additional, Albunia, Alexandra R., additional, Giuffrè, Angelo Maria, additional, Sicari, Vincenzo, additional, Di Maio, Luciano, additional, Daniel, Christophe, additional, Venditto, Vincenzo, additional, Galimberti, Maurizio, additional, Mensitieri, Giuseppe, additional, and Guerra, Gaetano, additional

Published
2018
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48. Evaluation of Performance of PET Packaging Films Based on Different Copolyester O2-Scavengers.

Author

Apicella, Annalisa, Scarfato, Paola, Di Maio, Luciano, Garofalo, Emilia, and Incarnato, Loredana

Subjects
ABSORPTION, FOOD packaging, PACKAGING film, CHEMICAL scavengers, RHEOLOGY, MOLECULAR structure
Abstract

The aim of this work is to compare the scavenging performance and oxygen absorption kinetics of active food packaging films, produced by adding the same percentage of two different formulations of polymeric oxygen scavengers, both copolyester based and designed for PET packaging. Rheological analyses were conducted to investigate possible differences among the macromolecular structure, while oxygen absorption measurements in continuous were performed to evaluate the influence of the different composition on the scavenging phenomenon. The results revealed differences in the molecular chains, and an enhanced formulation for one of the scavengers, with increased scavenging power and exhaustion times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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49. NIAS Exposure Assessment: Comparison of Different Tools.

Author

Pietrosanto, Arianna, Scarfato, Paola, Di Maio, Luciano, and Incarnato, Loredana

Subjects
FOOD, RISK assessment, HEALTH, FOOD consumption
Abstract

Food contact materials (FCMs) can contain Non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) as a result of break down, side product or impurities. NIAS can migrate into food and this might cause a risk for human health. Thus, their presence has to be evaluated, but currently there are no protocols to establish how to perform a risk assessment. Then, in this work, three different strategies to make a NIAS exposure assessment were compared: the European Food Agency Authority (EFSA) food consumption database, the Matrix Tool and the FACET tool. 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTB), an identified and quantified NIAS, was used as the case study. Differences between these tools were highlighted, but for all the strategies tested the estimated exposure to 2,4-DTB was lower than its threshold value indicating that there are no risk for the consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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