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1. Harmonised statistics and maps of forest biomass and increment in Europe

Author

Avitabile, Valerio, Pilli, Roberto, Migliavacca, Mirco, Duveiller, Gregory, Camia, Andrea, Blujdea, Viorel, Adolt, Radim, Alberdi, Iciar, Barreiro, Susana, Bender, Susann, Borota, Dragan, Bosela, Michal, Bouriaud, Olivier, Breidenbach, Johannes, Cañellas, Isabel, Čavlović, Jura, Colin, Antoine, Di Cosmo, Lucio, Donis, Janis, Fischer, Christoph, Freudenschuss, Alexandra, Fridman, Jonas, Gasparini, Patrizia, Gschwantner, Thomas, Hernández, Laura, Korhonen, Kari, Kulbokas, Gintaras, Kvist, Vivian, Latte, Nicolas, Lazdins, Andis, Lejeune, Philippe, Makovskis, Kristaps, Marin, Gheorghe, Maslo, Jan, Michorczyk, Artur, Mionskowski, Marcin, Morneau, François, Myszkowski, Marcin, Nagy, Kinga, Nilsson, Mats, Nord-Larsen, Thomas, Pantic, Damjan, Perin, Jerôme, Redmond, John, Rizzo, Maria, Šebeň, Vladimír, Skudnik, Mitja, Snorrason, Arnor, Sroga, Radosław, Stoyanov, Todor, Svensson, Arvid, Talarczyk, Andrzej, Teeuwen, Sander, Thürig, Esther, Uva, José, and Mubareka, Sarah

Published
2024
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2. Common tree definitions for national forest inventories in Europe

Author

Gschwantner, Thomas, Schadauer, Klemens, Vidal, Claude, Lanz, Adrian, Tomppo, Erkki, di Cosmo, Lucio, Robert, Nicolas, Englert Duursma, Daisy, and Lawrence, Mark

Subjects
Forestry, SD1-669.5
Abstract

At the international level, various definitions have been established for the compilation and publication of forest resources assessment results over the last decade. These international definitions frequently rely on terms that are not precisely specified for inventory purposes and do not completely cover the requirements arising from the application of National Forest Inventory (NFI) data. Also, with respect to conventional topics such as forest area and growing stock estimation, several terms and expressions referring to individual trees are not, or are only vaguely, defined until now. Since the individual tree is the basic element of any forest resources assessment, the clarification of tree-related terms is an important part of COST Action E43 to harmonise common reporting of National Forest Inventories. Based on a review of existing definitions and on the requirements for harmonised reporting, common tree-related definitions are established. One objective of this study is to refine and enhance the applicability of available tree and shrub definitions, in particular with regard to the distinction between trees and shrubs. The study also focuses on the parts or âelementsâ of trees and on the distinction between these elements as they are of particular importance in growing stock and biomass definitions. Furthermore, several definitions for tree characteristics such as âlivingâ and âstandingâ, as well as tree variables such as height, length, diameter at breast height, and crown projection area are adjusted with respect to NFI purposes. A concluding discussion reflects upon the reviewed, refined and newly established definitions. The definitions presented in this paper provide a firm basis for a common set of harmonised reference definitions developed by COST Action E43 and contribute to the precise and consistent use of terms.

Published
2009
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3. Establishing forest inventory reference definitions for forest and growing stock: a study towards common reporting

Author

Vidal, Claude, Lanz, Adrian, Tomppo, Erkki, Schadauer, Klemens, Gschwantner, Thomas, di Cosmo, Lucio, and Robert, Nicolas

Subjects
Forestry, SD1-669.5
Abstract

International agreements such as the Kyoto protocol and Convention on Biological Diversity (1992), as well as, criteria and indicator processes require reports on the status of nationsâ forests. Any comparison of the current status and trends of forest resources among nations presumes that the nationsâ applied definitions and concepts produce comparable estimates of the status of forests. In spite of this, the FAO has already collected global information for 60 years and made noticeable efforts in creating common definitions, but forest related data are still collected using diverse definitions, even regarding basic concepts such as forest and forest area. A simple consequence is that the cross-countries estimates are not comparable. The reasons behind the differences in the definitions are diverse histories, and sometimes different use of forests. In an ideal case, national forest inventories should fulfil both national and international needs. In addition to the FAOâs Forest Resources Assessment process, other efforts are made to assess the status of forests in European countries, e.g. European Forest Information and Communication System (EFICS). EFICS produced reports about forest inventories but does not suggest any common definition or method to convert estimates from one definition to another one. This article presents principles and methods to create commonly acceptable and adoptable definitions for forest inventories. The principles and methods are demonstrated using two examples: the reference definitions of forest and growing stock. The article is based on the work of COST Action E43 (http://www.metla.fi/eu/cost/e43/).

Published
2008
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9. Forest Carbon Stock : Il carbonio forestale in Italia

Author

Di Cosmo, Lucio, Gasparini, Patrizia, Floris, Antonio, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Gasparini, Patrizia, editor, Di Cosmo, Lucio, editor, Floris, Antonio, editor, and De Laurentis, Davide, editor

Published
2022
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11. Improved large-area forest increment information in Europe through harmonisation of National Forest Inventories

Author

European Commission, Gschwantner, Thomas [0000-0001-9043-6884], Adame, P. [0000-0002-0559-8713], Aguirre, Ana [0000-0001-7723-2078], Alberdi, Iciar [0000-0003-1338-8465], Avitabile, V. [0000-0003-3646-052X], Cañellas, Isabel [0000-0002-9716-7776], Di Cosmo, Lucio [0000-0002-0611-1292], Freudenschuss, A. [0000-0002-6080-2051], Gasparini, P. [0000-0001-8801-0980], Korhonen, Kari T. [0000-0002-6198-853X], Marin, Gheorghe [0000-0003-2720-3038], Maslo, Jan [0009-0001-2188-1105], Mionskowski, Marcin [0000-0002-9222-521X], Morneau, François [0000-0002-6145-6031], Mubareka, S.[0000-0001-9504-4409], Schadauer, K. [0009-0007-9292-7004], Talarczyk, Andrzej [0000-0001-9073-4136], Westerlund, Bertil [0000-0002-1073-8434], Gschwantner, Thomas, Riedel, Thomas, Henning, Lea, Adame, P., Adolt, Radim, Aguirre, Ana, Alberdi, Iciar, Avitabile, V., Cañellas, Isabel, Di Cosmo, Lucio, Fischer, Christoph, Freudenschuss, A., Gasparini, P., Henttonen, Helena M., Korhonen, Kari T., Kucera, Milos, Marin, Gheorghe, Maslo, Jan, Mionskowski, Marcin, Morneau, François, Mubareka, S., Neagu, Stefan, Nilsson, Mats, Pesty, B., Schadauer, K., Sroga, Radosław, Talarczyk, Andrzej, Westerlund, Bertil, European Commission, Gschwantner, Thomas [0000-0001-9043-6884], Adame, P. [0000-0002-0559-8713], Aguirre, Ana [0000-0001-7723-2078], Alberdi, Iciar [0000-0003-1338-8465], Avitabile, V. [0000-0003-3646-052X], Cañellas, Isabel [0000-0002-9716-7776], Di Cosmo, Lucio [0000-0002-0611-1292], Freudenschuss, A. [0000-0002-6080-2051], Gasparini, P. [0000-0001-8801-0980], Korhonen, Kari T. [0000-0002-6198-853X], Marin, Gheorghe [0000-0003-2720-3038], Maslo, Jan [0009-0001-2188-1105], Mionskowski, Marcin [0000-0002-9222-521X], Morneau, François [0000-0002-6145-6031], Mubareka, S.[0000-0001-9504-4409], Schadauer, K. [0009-0007-9292-7004], Talarczyk, Andrzej [0000-0001-9073-4136], Westerlund, Bertil [0000-0002-1073-8434], Gschwantner, Thomas, Riedel, Thomas, Henning, Lea, Adame, P., Adolt, Radim, Aguirre, Ana, Alberdi, Iciar, Avitabile, V., Cañellas, Isabel, Di Cosmo, Lucio, Fischer, Christoph, Freudenschuss, A., Gasparini, P., Henttonen, Helena M., Korhonen, Kari T., Kucera, Milos, Marin, Gheorghe, Maslo, Jan, Mionskowski, Marcin, Morneau, François, Mubareka, S., Neagu, Stefan, Nilsson, Mats, Pesty, B., Schadauer, K., Sroga, Radosław, Talarczyk, Andrzej, and Westerlund, Bertil

Abstract

Consistent knowledge about the increment in European forests gained amplified importance in European policies and decision processes related to forest-based bioeconomy, carbon sequestration, sustainable forest management and environmental changes. Until now, large-area increment information from European countries was lacking international comparability. In this study we present a harmonisation framework in accordance with the principles and the approach established for the harmonisation of National Forest Inventories (NFIs) in Europe. 11 European NFIs, representing a broad range of increment measurement and estimation methods, developed unified reference definitions and methods that were subsequently implemented to provide harmonised increment estimates by NUTS regions (Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics of the European Union), main forest types and tree species groups, and to rate the impact of harmonisation measures. The main emphasis was on gross annual increment (GAI), however, also annual natural losses (ANL) and net annual increment (NAI) were estimated. The data from the latest available NFI cycles were processed. The participating countries represent a forest area of about 130 million ha, and 82% of the European Unions’ (EU) forest area, respectively. The increments were estimated in terms of volume (m³ year−1, m³ ha−1 year−1) and above-ground biomass (t year−1, t ha−1 year−1). The harmonised GAI volume estimates deviate in a range of +12.3% to −26.5% from the estimates according to the national definitions and estimation methods. Within the study area, the harmonised estimates show a considerable range over the NUTS regions for GAI, from 0.6 to 12.3 m³ ha−1 year−1, and 0.8–6.4 t ha−1 year−1, of volume and above-ground biomass, respectively. The largest increment estimates are found in Central Europe and gradually decrease towards the North, South, West and East. In most countries coniferous forests show larger increment estimates per hectare

Published
2024

12. Harmonised statistics and maps of forest biomass and increment in Europe

Author

European Commission, Avitabile, V. [0000-0003-3646-052X], Pilli, Roberto [0000-0003-4541-7056], Migliavacca, Mirco [0000-0003-3546-8407], Duveiller, Gregory [0000-0002-6471-8404], Blujdea, V. [0000-0002-7932-8484], Alberdi, Iciar [0000-0003-1338-8465], Barreiro, Susana [0000-0003-0174-854X], Bender, Susann [0000-0002-3029-9475], Borota, Dragan [0000-0001-6825-2085], Bosela, Michal [0000-0001-6706-8614], Bouriaud, Olivier [0000-0002-8046-466X], Cañellas, Isabel [0000-0002-9716-7776], Di Cosmo, Lucio [0000-0002-0611-1292], Donis, Janis [0000-0002-3365-0566], Fischer, Christoph [0000-0002-7202-148X], Freudenschuss, A. [0000-0002-6080-2051], Fridman, Jonas [0000-0002-8295-665X], Gasparini, P. [0000-0003-2298-770X], Gschwantner, Thomas [0000-0001-9043-6884], Hernández, Laura [0000-0002-0915-9830], Korhonen, Kari T. [0000-0002-6198-853X], Kulbokas, Gintaras [0009-0009-9805-7411], Kvist, Vivian [0000-0002-1268-9787], Latte, Nicolas [0000-0002-3822-315X], Lazdins, Andis [0000-0002-7169-2011], Lejeune, Philippe [0000-0001-9987-9673], Makovskis, Kristaps [0000-0003-4943-1912], Marin, Gheorghe [0000-0003-2720-3038], Maslo, Jan [0009-0001-2188-1105], Mionskowski, Marcin [0000-0002-9222-521X], Morneau, François [0000-0002-6145-6031], Myszkowski, Marcin [0009-0009-8192-1912], Nagy, Kinga [0000-0002-0582-7133], Nord-Larsen, Thomas [0000-0002-5341-6435], Pantic, Damjan [0000-0003-2523-9619], Perin, Jerôme [0000-0001-7463-2615], Sebeň, Vladimír [0000-0003-3692-446X], Skudnik, Mitja [0000-0002-4120-6748], Snorrason, A. [0000-0002-7184-6826], Stoyanov, Todor [0000-0002-1276-6527], Talarczyk, Andrzej [0000-0001-9073-4136], Thürig, E. [0000-0002-7942-0395], Uva, José [0000-0003-1990-0888], Mubareka, S. [0000-0001-9504-4409], Avitabile, V., Pilli, Roberto, Migliavacca, Mirco, Duveiller, Gregory, Camia, Andrea, Blujdea, V., Adolt, Radim, Alberdi, Iciar, Barreiro, Susana, Bender, Susann, Borota, Dragan, Bosela, Michal, Bouriaud, Olivier, Breidenbach, Johannes, Cañellas, Isabel, Čavlović, Jura, Colin, A., Di Cosmo, Lucio, Donis, Janis, Fischer, Christoph, Freudenschuss, A., Fridman, Jonas, Gasparini, P., Gschwantner, Thomas, Hernández, Laura, Korhonen, Kari T., Kulbokas, Gintaras, Kvist, Vivian, Latte, Nicolas, Lazdins, Andis, Lejeune, Philippe, Makovskis, Kristaps, Marin, Gheorghe, Maslo, Jan, Michorczyk, Artur, Mionskowski, Marcin, Morneau, François, Myszkowski, Marcin, Nagy, Kinga, Nilsson, Mats, Nord-Larsen, Thomas, Pantic, Damjan, Perin, Jerôme, Redmond, John, Rizzo, M., Sebeň, Vladimír, Skudnik, Mitja, Snorrason, A., Sroga, Radosław, Stoyanov, Todor, Svensson, Arvid, Talarczyk, Andrzej, Teeuwen, Sander, Thürig, E., Uva, José, Mubareka, S., European Commission, Avitabile, V. [0000-0003-3646-052X], Pilli, Roberto [0000-0003-4541-7056], Migliavacca, Mirco [0000-0003-3546-8407], Duveiller, Gregory [0000-0002-6471-8404], Blujdea, V. [0000-0002-7932-8484], Alberdi, Iciar [0000-0003-1338-8465], Barreiro, Susana [0000-0003-0174-854X], Bender, Susann [0000-0002-3029-9475], Borota, Dragan [0000-0001-6825-2085], Bosela, Michal [0000-0001-6706-8614], Bouriaud, Olivier [0000-0002-8046-466X], Cañellas, Isabel [0000-0002-9716-7776], Di Cosmo, Lucio [0000-0002-0611-1292], Donis, Janis [0000-0002-3365-0566], Fischer, Christoph [0000-0002-7202-148X], Freudenschuss, A. [0000-0002-6080-2051], Fridman, Jonas [0000-0002-8295-665X], Gasparini, P. [0000-0003-2298-770X], Gschwantner, Thomas [0000-0001-9043-6884], Hernández, Laura [0000-0002-0915-9830], Korhonen, Kari T. [0000-0002-6198-853X], Kulbokas, Gintaras [0009-0009-9805-7411], Kvist, Vivian [0000-0002-1268-9787], Latte, Nicolas [0000-0002-3822-315X], Lazdins, Andis [0000-0002-7169-2011], Lejeune, Philippe [0000-0001-9987-9673], Makovskis, Kristaps [0000-0003-4943-1912], Marin, Gheorghe [0000-0003-2720-3038], Maslo, Jan [0009-0001-2188-1105], Mionskowski, Marcin [0000-0002-9222-521X], Morneau, François [0000-0002-6145-6031], Myszkowski, Marcin [0009-0009-8192-1912], Nagy, Kinga [0000-0002-0582-7133], Nord-Larsen, Thomas [0000-0002-5341-6435], Pantic, Damjan [0000-0003-2523-9619], Perin, Jerôme [0000-0001-7463-2615], Sebeň, Vladimír [0000-0003-3692-446X], Skudnik, Mitja [0000-0002-4120-6748], Snorrason, A. [0000-0002-7184-6826], Stoyanov, Todor [0000-0002-1276-6527], Talarczyk, Andrzej [0000-0001-9073-4136], Thürig, E. [0000-0002-7942-0395], Uva, José [0000-0003-1990-0888], Mubareka, S. [0000-0001-9504-4409], Avitabile, V., Pilli, Roberto, Migliavacca, Mirco, Duveiller, Gregory, Camia, Andrea, Blujdea, V., Adolt, Radim, Alberdi, Iciar, Barreiro, Susana, Bender, Susann, Borota, Dragan, Bosela, Michal, Bouriaud, Olivier, Breidenbach, Johannes, Cañellas, Isabel, Čavlović, Jura, Colin, A., Di Cosmo, Lucio, Donis, Janis, Fischer, Christoph, Freudenschuss, A., Fridman, Jonas, Gasparini, P., Gschwantner, Thomas, Hernández, Laura, Korhonen, Kari T., Kulbokas, Gintaras, Kvist, Vivian, Latte, Nicolas, Lazdins, Andis, Lejeune, Philippe, Makovskis, Kristaps, Marin, Gheorghe, Maslo, Jan, Michorczyk, Artur, Mionskowski, Marcin, Morneau, François, Myszkowski, Marcin, Nagy, Kinga, Nilsson, Mats, Nord-Larsen, Thomas, Pantic, Damjan, Perin, Jerôme, Redmond, John, Rizzo, M., Sebeň, Vladimír, Skudnik, Mitja, Snorrason, A., Sroga, Radosław, Stoyanov, Todor, Svensson, Arvid, Talarczyk, Andrzej, Teeuwen, Sander, Thürig, E., Uva, José, and Mubareka, S.

Abstract

Forest biomass is an essential resource in relation to the green transition and its assessment is key for the sustainable management of forest resources. Here, we present a forest biomass dataset for Europe based on the best available inventory and satellite data, with a higher level of harmonisation and spatial resolution than other existing data. This database provides statistics and maps of the forest area, biomass stock and their share available for wood supply in the year 2020, and statistics on gross and net volume increment in 2010-2020, for 38 European countries. The statistics of most countries are available at a sub-national scale and are derived from National Forest Inventory data, harmonised using common reference definitions and estimation methodology, and updated to a common year using a modelling approach. For those counties without harmonised statistics, data were derived from the State of Europe's Forest 2020 Report at the national scale. The maps are coherent with the statistics and depict the spatial distribution of the forest variables at 100 m resolution.

Published
2024

13. Improved large-area forest increment information in Europe through harmonisation of National Forest Inventories

Author

Gschwantner, Thomas, primary, Riedel, Thomas, additional, Henning, Lea, additional, Adame, Patricia, additional, Adolt, Radim, additional, Aguirre, Ana, additional, Alberdi, Iciar, additional, Avitabile, Valerio, additional, Cañellas, Isabel, additional, Di Cosmo, Lucio, additional, Fischer, Christoph, additional, Freudenschuß, Alexandra, additional, Gasparini, Patrizia, additional, Henttonen, Helena M., additional, Korhonen, Kari T., additional, Kučera, Miloš, additional, Marin, Gheorghe, additional, Máslo, Jan, additional, Mionskowski, Marcin, additional, Morneau, François, additional, Mubareka, Sarah, additional, Neagu, Stefan, additional, Nilsson, Mats, additional, Pesty, Benoit, additional, Schadauer, Klemens, additional, Sroga, Radosław, additional, Talarczyk, Andrzej, additional, and Westerlund, Bertil, additional

Published
2024
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14. Italian National Forest Inventory—Methods and Results of the Third Survey

Author

Gasparini, Patrizia, Di Cosmo, Lucio, Floris, Antonio, and De Laurentis, Davide

Subjects
CREA, Arma dei Carabinieri, Forestry Sciences, Forests Assessment, Biodiversity, Forest Health, Climate Change Mitigation, bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TV Agriculture & farming::TVR Forestry & silviculture: practice & techniques, bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management, bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment
Abstract

This open access book deals with the methods and the results of the third Italian national forest inventory (INFC2015). Arma dei Carabinieri is entrusted with the realisation of the National Forest Inventory and with the decisions about the aims of the survey and data treatment. National forest inventories produce statistically based information on forests over country areas. Such information is used either at subnational or at supranational level in a great number of spheres and processes, included possibility to depict the status of the world forests. Italy conducted its first forest inventory in 1985 and in 2001 a permanent national forest inventory was launched to have periodically updated statistics. Due to the growing concern about the environment and especially the climate change, estimating forests carbon pools was a stated main objective and it was accordingly named Italian National Inventory of Forest and Forest Carbon Pools (INFC). The book begins with a description of the general organisation, the definitions, the methods and the estimation procedures. It proceeds showing the main estimates produced by INFC2015, in tables that are given in the book chapters. The estimates are presented through texts that introduce the subject matter, explain the way the related variables were surveyed and comment on the main outcomes with the help of graphics. The estimates presented include forest area, management and production, biodiversity and protection, forest health, protective and socio-economics functions. Role of forest in the carbon balance was analysed in a specific Chapter, as this is important for its role in the climate change mitigation. The book ends providing an understanding of the current dynamics of Italian forests by comparing the estimates obtained from INFC2005 and INFC2015, the last two national surveys.

Published
2022
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16. Italy

Author

Gasparini, Patrizia, Di Cosmo, Lucio, Vidal, Claude, editor, Alberdi, Iciar A., editor, Hernández Mateo, Laura, editor, and Redmond, John J., editor

Published
2016
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19. Assessing the measuring time of forest plots.

Author

Di Cosmo, Lucio

Subjects
DEAD trees, COARSE woody debris, FOREST surveys, UNDERSTORY plants, TREE growth, FOREST measurement, STATISTICAL sampling
Abstract

Forests provide a wide range of ecosystem services and information requirements on forests have grown considerably. Nevertheless, collecting information in the forest is expensive and for this reason assessment of forest resources strongly relies on statistical sampling. However, plot measurement remains essential even when remote-sensing data are used, and field assessments are still among the costliest components of forest inventories. Studies on the costs for plots survey are limited and usually based on expert evaluation rather than on data. This article analysed the relationship between the time needed for measuring forest plots and their site-related characteristics (slope, terrain roughness), stand features (number of trees, subsample trees, stumps, coarse woody debris, understorey vegetation) and protocol-related procedures, by means of univariate and multivariate analyses. Analyses showed that the time needed for measuring plots depends on the workload or the intensity of fieldwork. Especially, the number of variables surveyed matters, because the variables explained the measuring time variation by an additive effect, suggesting that within a complex field protocol the total number of measurements taken may not represent properly the overall intensity of work. Marking in an effective way permanent plots is recommendable because the retrieval success of the pins buried into the ground was the most important explanatory variable. Presence of understorey vegetation was more important than the number of individuals measured. The results obtained are consistent and logical, but the variance explained was limited, suggesting that predictability of the measuring time under complex field protocols might be intrinsically limited by the interactions among factors with opposite effects and especially by the adaptation of the surveyors to specific circumstances. For example, effects of physical tiredness were not detected in the days when two plots were measured; conversely, measuring a second plot reduced the measuring time of the first, an event most likely dependent on the surveyors’ behaviour. Under the conclusion that predictability is low by nature, the inference of studies based on simulation data and simplified protocols to practical applications was finally discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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24. An individual-tree linear mixed-effects model for predicting the basal area increment of major forest species in Southern Europe

Author

Di Cosmo, Lucio, Giuliani, Diego, Dickson, Maria Michela, Gasparini, Patrizia, Di Cosmo, Lucio, Giuliani, Diego, Dickson, Maria Michela, and Gasparini, Patrizia

Abstract

Aims of the study. Assessment of growth is essential to support sustainability of forest management and forest policies. The objective of the study was to develop a species-specific model to predict the annual increment of tree basal area through variables recorded by forest surveys, to assess forest growth directly or in the context of more complex forest growth and yield simulation models. Area of the study. Italy. Material and methods. Data on 34638 trees of 31 different forest species collected in 5162 plots of the Italian National Forest Inventory were used; the data were recorded between 2004 and 2006. To account for the hierarchical structure of the data due to trees nested within plots, a two-level mixed-effects modelling approach was used. Main results. The final result is an individual-tree linear mixed-effects model with species as dummy variables. Tree size is the main predictor, but the model also integrates geographical and topographic predictors and includes competition. The model fitting is good (McFadden’s Pseudo-R2 0.536), and the variance of the random effect at the plot level is significant (intra-class correlation coefficient 0.512). Compared to the ordinary least squares regression, the mixed-effects model allowed reducing the mean absolute error of estimates in the plots by 64.5% in average. Research highlights. A single tree-level model for predicting the basal area increment of different species was developed using forest inventory data. The data used for the modelling cover 31 species and a great variety of growing conditions, and the model seems suitable to be applied in the wider context of Southern Europe

Published
2020

38. Forest Health : Lo stato di salute delle foreste

Author

Rizzo, Maria, Gasparini, Patrizia, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Gasparini, Patrizia, editor, Di Cosmo, Lucio, editor, Floris, Antonio, editor, and De Laurentis, Davide, editor

Published
2022
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