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Three ionic liquids (ILs) containing the same cation but different anions were synthesized and used to separate SO2 from its mixture with air in a semi‐batch bubble column absorber. Desulphurization efficiency was determined using a state‐of‐the‐art experimental set‐up relevant to chemical process industries concerning the important process variables. The virgin and exhausted ILs were characterized using TGA, FTIR, and 1H NMR analyses. The concentrations of SO2 at the inlet to and exit from the absorber were measured using a ZRJFAY36, Fuji, Japan infrared SO2 analyzer. A maximum of 92 percent removal efficiency (PRE) was achieved from a feed gas containing 250–1500 ppm SO2 with the use of 2‐hydroxyethyl ammonium lactate [MEA][L] or tri (2‐hydroxyethyl) ammonium lactate ([TEA][L]), as the absorbents. This could be further enhanced by the interactive effect of the simultaneous increase in the superficial velocity of the gas and the volume of IL fed into the absorber. However, PRE was about 20% less with tri (2‐hydroxyethyl) ammonium salicylate ([TEA][S]). It was observed that the ILs, [MEA][L] and [TEA][L], were fairly suitable for flue gas desulphurization in industrial situations. A design criterion for continuous operation using two semi‐batch absorbers has been proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Patients with advanced carcinoma tongue end up with near-total/total glossectomy (NTG/TG). We intended to compare functional, oncological, and survival outcomes of patients undergoing pedicled and microsurgical flap reconstruction in NTG/TG patients at our hospital. Methodology: A prospective study was conducted for 7 years on 91 patients with carcinoma tongue who underwent NTG/TG at our institute. Patients underwent anterolateral thigh (ALT), free radial artery forearm flap (FRAFF), and pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap reconstruction and were followed up for immediate complications and functional outcomes for speech, swallowing, and decannulation after completion of adjuvant treatment and then for survival rates for a period of 60 months and statistically analysed with log rank test and Fisher's exact test for correlation. Results: Ninety-one (42.85%) patients underwent NTG, while 57.14% underwent TG. 85% of patients had >5 mm margin, 14% had ≤ of 5 mm, and none were positive. 57% of patients did not have postoperative complications and 10% underwent re-exploration. During follow-up, 85.7% of patients were able to take orally: 52% soft diet and 32% liquid diet. Multivariate analysis of individual flaps, swallowing, and speech intelligibility values were significant. After 5 years of postadjuvant therapy, there was 76% overall survival, 11% local recurrence and 12% had regional recurrence. Discussion: Morbidity and functional outcome depends on the extent of resection. PMMC flaps can be done on lack of expertise. FRAFF has better functional outcomes owing to pliability of flap. ALT and other bulky flaps require expertise and are prone to flap-related complications. Planning of reconstruction should be based on the defect size together with counseling of patients regarding the risk of complications and delay in adjuvant therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral cancer is a major public health problem in the Indian subcontinent. Bleeding is a frequent life-threatening problem for patients with advanced oral cancer. We in this study discuss our experience with bleeding locally advanced oral cavity cancers presenting to us in the emergency whereby we have performed surgical management in the form of external carotid artery (ECA) ligation. Methodology: We performed are trospective observational study of Emergency ECA ligation at our institute from October 2019 to October2021. All patients were diagnosed case of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) presented with severe life-threatening oral bleeding in the emergency department. Initially patients were resuscitated with IV fluids and blood products and oral cavity were packed with pressure dressings and patients immediately shifted to emergency operating room where we performed tracheostomy followed by external carotid artery ligation. Results: A total of 14 patients underwent emergency ECA ligation. Out of which 12 were male patients and average age was 46 years. 12 out of 14 patients had locally advanced carcinoma (Ca) tongue and 2 patients had locally advanced Ca buccal mucosa. Following ECA ligation of all 14 patients, bleeding had stopped in the immediate post-operative day. Patients were discharged without any postoperative morbidity or mortality. No patient had any neurologic deficits postoperatively. Conclusion: We conclude that ECA ligation in conjugation with tracheostomy is a very simple and life-saving procedure for locally advanced oral cancer patients presenting in the emergency department with severe life-threatening bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Head and Neck cancer surgical operations are often associated with major blood loss requiring substitution, usually by homologous blood transfusion. The goal of this study is to retrospectively examine the intraoperative blood loss for the various types of Head and Neck surgical procedures in a tertiary care center in Central India. Methodology: Head and neck cancer cases were analysed in this retrospective observational study at Department of Surgical oncology at Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Science, Indore.100 biopsy proven oral cancer patients who underwent curative surgery were included in the study. Intraoperative blood loss was assessed depending on site of disease, type of procedure and T-stage of disease and its implication on postoperative hospital stay was noted. Result: A total of 100 oral cancer patients were analysed out of which majority of patients (36) were Ca buccal mucosa (36%). Blood loss intraoperatively was calculated by using visual assessment method. Average Intraoperative Blood loss was more in Ca buccal mucosa cases (536.11 ml). Average blood loss was more in infrastructural maxillectomyand also when superior alveolectomy was combined with hemimandiblectomy or segmental mandibulectomy, also blood loss was more for T4a disease compared to T1-T3. 30 out of 43 patients with blood loss >400mlhad prolonged hospital stay of more than 7 days with an average of 12 days post-operative hospital stay. This difference in hospital stay was statistically significant. Conclusion: It is of paramount importance to achieve adequate and meticulous intra-operative haemostasis in oral cancer surgeries in order to decrease the post-operative stay of the patient which will also decrease the economical burden of the patient and family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In the realm of oncology, the development of TIVAD (chemoport) has been a blessing for cancer patients, freeing them from having to undergo numerous recurrent venepunctures throughout their treatment. The External Jugular Vein cut-down has been the standard procedure for administering chemotherapy to cancer patients at our institution. Here, we discuss our experience with the External Jugular Vein cut-down Chemoport Insertion Technique and the outcomes it produced., Materials and Methods: We performed a prospective observational study and included all patients who underwent the open External Jugular Vein cut-down technique of Chemoport Insertion from January 2019 to January 2022 in the Department of Surgical Oncology at our hospital., Results: Out of 136 patients, 3 (2.2%) had failed external jugular vein (EJV) cannulation, and alternative access (Internal Jugular Vein) was chosen for cannulation. The most common indication for chemoport insertion in our study was carcinoma of the breast, around 72.93% (97/133), and hence the majority of patients were females, about 84.21% (112/133). Only 18.04% (24/133) were male patients. The age distribution ranged from 2 years to 84 years. Out of 133 patients, complications were observed in 14 patients (10.52%). Around 6 patients (4.5%) had problems with catheter blockage after one cycle of chemotherapy. 4 patients (3%) had port infections at the chamber region (pectoral region). 3 patients (2.2%) had catheter tip displacement into the brachiocephalic vein. 1 patient (0.75%) had extravasation of chemotherapy., Conclusion: In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the External Jugular Vein cut-down technique offers several advantages in the realm of oncology, as it is a safe, efficient, and straightforward technique for chemoport insertion. With its minimal learning curve and simplicity, this technique represents a favorable initial option for successfully implanting chemoports in cancer patients. Further research and comparative studies are needed to validate and further explore the benefits of this technique in diverse patient populations and healthcare settings.