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This systematic review evaluated the role of Potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) lasers in dental bleaching by comparing tooth color change and rise in intrapulpal temperature after bleaching with KTP, Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG), Er:YAG, and diode laser system. Following were the inclusion criteria: in vitro studies in English available in full text. Articles published between 2000 and 2021 were selected. The search for was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane library/CENTRAL, Wiley online library, ProQuest, Science Direct, and Hand searching/specialized registers. Keywords were used: "Lasers" [Mesh] and "Tooth bleaching" [Mesh] using Boolean operators. A total of four articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The quality assessment of studies included was undertaken independently as part of data extraction process. KTP lasers demonstrated more effectiveness in attaining color change in stained teeth and showed the lowest rise in intrapulpal temperature. Based on the data obtained in the present review, the choice of bleaching treatment is directly related to the type of discoloration, activation of the bleaching agent, and esthetic requirement. Although all bleaching procedures were effective in color change, the KTP laser showed better results when compared to other laser activation. The bleaching treatment protocol is directly related to the type of discoloration, activation of the bleaching agent, and esthetic requirement. It has been demonstrated that a faster change in color can be obtained when bleaching is performed in combination with a light source, i.e., power bleaching aiming for a more in-depth change of color., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.)

Disc displacement (DD) occurs when the cushioning disc of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), situated between the jawbone and the skull, is out of position. The condition can be of two kinds: disc displacement with reduction (ddwr) and disc displacement without reduction (ddwor). The present systematic review was undertaken to assess the efficacy of anterior repositioning splints (ARS) for ddwr and ddwor. Three online databases were searched for relevant studies using MeSH keywords and Boolean operators. Initial searches of the databases extracted 552 records. Twelve studies equally representing ARS with ddwr and ddwor were selected. No clear difference could be assessed regarding ARS usage in both conditions. The outcome assessed was the improvement in TMJ symptoms. The results suggested that both ddwr and ddwor were effective in improving temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms in patients who received ARS therapy. Efficacy levels ranged from 71-83% and 50-95% for ARS in ddwr and ddwor, respectively; odds ratio (OR) values ranging from 0.30 and 0.36 were obtained for ARS in both therapies, respectively, indicating similar performance levels. Both ddwr and ddwor respond well to the use of ARS; however, more clinical trials are needed to ascertain and validate the role of ARS as a treatment modality in this regard., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Dhar et al.)

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the most common shades of maxillary central incisor, canine and first molar and to confirm the shade difference between maxillary central incisor and canine in a young population of 18-25 years., Materials and Methods: The shade of the maxillary central incisor, canine, and first molar of 100 study participants in a young population between 18 and 25 years were measured by digital spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade). The shade of each tooth was assessed thrice with a digital spectrophotometer at the center of the tooth. Statistical analysis was performed; Chi-squared test was applied to assess the difference in shades., Results: For the age-group of 18-25 years, the most common shade of maxillary central incisor is A1 and for canine and first molar the most common shade is B3. A highly statistically significant difference ( p < 0.001) was observed between teeth, suggesting a definitive shade difference between teeth., Conclusion: A definitive shade difference exists between the maxillary central incisor and the canine, with the canine being darker in shade than the central incisor. This result can be implied clinically while restoring maxillary anterior teeth to yield a better esthetic outcome., Clinical Significance: This study reveals that there is a definitive shade difference between the Anterior teeth which should be considered while smile designing to replicate the natural appearance in a patient. Using a digital spectrometer makes the process of shade selection objective thereby eliminating any subjective variations.

Fusion or syndontia is a sequele of the union of two normal and separated tooth buds. Transposition refers to the interchange in the position of two permanent teeth within the same quadrant in the oral cavity. The simultaneous incidence of both these entities is a rare concurrence and warrants endodontic and surgical soft tissue correction. The following manuscript describes a case report of this rare combination and its multidisciplinary management for functional and esthetic correction.

Background: The field of endodontics is dynamic & ever expanding. With the availability of a wide array of products in the dental market it's an absolute necessity to evaluate their efficiency before including them into routine clinical practice.Hence, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of immediate & delayed post space preparation & sealing ability of new root canal filling material & sealers., Aim: The effect of time of post space preparation on the seal and adaptation of Resilon-Epiphany Se & Gutta-percha-AH Plus Sealer - An SEM study., Settings and Design: Eighty extracted permanent maxillary central and lateral incisors selected for the study were decoronated. Roots canals were prepared and obturated., Materials and Methods: Samples were divided into four groups depending on the time of post, space, preparation and obturated material.GROUP I & II: Immediate and Delayed post space preparation respectively with Gutta-percha / AH Plus as obturating material. GROUP III & IV Immediate and Delayed post space preparation with Resilon / Epiphany as the obturating material. The samples were sectioned, then measured and studied by Scanning Electron Microscope., Results: There was a significant difference found between immediate and delayed post space preparation in resilon -epiphany group (p<0.001). Similarly significant difference was seen between immediate and delayed post space preparation in AH Plus-GP group (p<0.001). Difference in the adaptation of the two materials was seen in the delayed group (p = 0.030) but the immediate group showed no signifcant difference (p =0.971)., Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, immediate post space preparation shows less leakage in both the groups. Resilon-Epiphany shows better results when post space is delayed amongst the two whereas in immediate post space preparation there is no significant difference.

Aim: To evaluate the influence of immediate and delayed post space preparation on sealing ability of Resilon-Epiphany and Gutta percha-AH plus., Materials and Methods: Eighty extracted permanent maxillary central and lateral incisors were decoronated. Roots canals were prepared and obturated. Samples were divided into four groups depending on the time of post space preparation and obturated material. Group I and II: Immediate and delayed post space preparation respectively with Gutta percha/AH plus as obturating material. Group III and IV: Immediate and delayed post space preparation with Resilon/Epiphany as the obturating material. The samples were kept in methylene blue dye, sectioned and then measured under stereomicroscope and studied under SEM., Statistical Analysis: The data was subjected to statistical analysis using unpaired t-test., Results: There was significant difference found between immediate and delayed post space preparation in Resilon-Epiphany group (P = 0.0109) as well as in AH plus-GP group (<0.0001). Difference in the sealing ability of the two materials was seen in delayed group (P = 0.0202). No statistically significant result was found between the two obturating materials when post space was prepared immediately (P = 0.0875)., Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, there was significantly less leakage when post space is prepared immediately in both the groups. Resilon-Epiphany shows better results when post space is delayed amongst the two whereas in immediate post space preparation there is no significant difference.