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1. Reorganization of Substance Use Treatment and Harm Reduction Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Survey

Author

Seyed Ramin Radfar, Cornelis A. J. De Jong, Ali Farhoudian, Mohsen Ebrahimi, Parnian Rafei, Mehrnoosh Vahidi, Masud Yunesian, Christos Kouimtsidis, Shalini Arunogiri, Omid Massah, Abbas Deylamizadeh, Kathleen T. Brady, Anja Busse, ISAM-PPIG Global Survey Consortium, Marc N. Potenza, Hamed Ekhtiari, Alexander Mario Baldacchino, Adrian Octavian Abagiu, Franck David Noel Abouna, Mohamed Hassan Ahmed, Basma Al-ansari, Feda Mahmmoud Abu Al-khair, Mandhar Humaid Almaqbali, Atul Ambekar, Hossein Mohaddes Ardabili, Sidharth Arya, Victor Olufolahan Lasebikan, Murad Ali Ayasreh, Debasish Basu, Zoubir Benmebarek, Roshan Bhad, Mario Blaise, Nicolas Bonnet, Jennifer Brasch, Barbara Broers, Jenna L. Butner, Moses Camilleri, Giovanna Campello, Giuseppe Carra, Ivan Celic, Fatemeh Chalabianloo, Abhishek Chaturvedi, José de Jesús Eduardo Noyola Cherpitel, Kelly J. Clark, Melissa Anne Cyders, Ernesto de Bernardis, John Edward Derry, Naveen Kumar Dhagudu, Pavla Dolezalova, Geert Dom, Adrian John Dunlop, Mahmoud Mamdouh Elhabiby, Hussien Elkholy, Nsidibe Francis Essien, Ghandi Ilias Farah, Marica Ferri, Georgios D Floros, Catherine Friedman, Clara Hidalgo Fuderanan, Gilberto Gerra, Abhishek Ghosh, Maka Gogia, Ilias A. Grammatikopoulos, Paolo Grandinetti, Amira Guirguis, David Gutnisky, Paul Steven Haber, Peyman Hassani-Abharian, Zahra Hooshyari, Islam Ibrahim Mokhtar Ibrahim, Hada Fong-ha Ieong, Regina Nova Indradewi, Shelly Iskandar, Shobhit Jain, Sandi James, Seyyed Mohammad hossein Javadi, Keun Ho Joe, Darius Jokubonis, Acka Tushevska Jovanova, Rama Mohamed Kamal, Alexander Ivanov Kantchelov, Preethy Kathiresan, Gary Katzman, Paul Kawale, Audrey Margaret Kern, Felix Henrique Paim Kessler, Sung-Gon Sue Kim, Ann Marie Kimball, Zeljko Kljucevic, Kristiana Siste, Roneet Lev, Hae Kook Lee, Aiste Lengvenyte, Shaul Lev-ran, Geni Seseja Mabelya, Mohamed Ali El Mahi, J. Maphisa Maphisa, Icro Maremmani, Laura Masferrer, Orlagh McCambridge, Garrett Gregory McGovern, Aung Kyi Min, Amir Moghanibashi-Mansourieh, Jazman Mora-Rios, Indika Udaya Kumara Mudalige, Diptadhi Mukherjee, Pejic Munira Munira, Bronwyn Myers, Jayakrishnan Menon T N, Venkata Lakshmi Narasimha, Nkemakolam Ndionuka, Ali-Akbar Nejatisafa, Kamran Niaz, Asad Tamizuddin Nizami, Jan H. Nuijens, Laura Orsolini, Vantheara Oum, Adegboyega Adekunle Oyemade, Irena Rojnia Palavra, Sagun Ballav Pant, Joselyn Paredes, Eric Peyron, Randall Alberto Quirós, Rouhollah Qurishi, Noor ul Zaman Rafiq, Ranjini Raghavendra Rao, Woraphat Ratta-apha, Karren-Lee Raymond, Jens Reimer, Eduardo Renaldo, Tara Rezapour, James Roy Robertson, Carlos Roncero, Fazle Roub, Elizabeth Jane Rubenstein, Claudia Ines Rupp, Elizabeth Saenz, Mohammad Salehi, Lampros Samartzis, Laura Beatriz Sarubbo, Nusa Segrec, Bigya Shah, Hongxian Shen, Tomohiro Shirasaka, Steve Shoptaw, Fransiskus Muronga Sintango, Veronica Andrea Sosa, Emilis Subata, Norberto Sztycberg, Fatemeh Taghizadeh, Joseph Brian Tay Wee Teck, Christian Tjagvad, Marta Torrens, Judith Meme Twala, Ramyadarshni Vadivel, Joseph Robert Volpicelli, Jelmer Weijs, Steven Michael Wintoniw, Apisak Wittayanookulluk, Marcin Wojnar, Sadia Yasir, Yimenu Yitayih, Min Zhao, and Arash Khojasteh Zonoozi

Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic, substance use disorder, public health, drug policy, opioid agonist treatment, addiction services, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted people with substance use disorders (SUDs) worldwide, and healthcare systems have reorganized their services in response to the pandemic.Methods: One week after the announcement of the COVID-19 as a pandemic, in a global survey, 177 addiction medicine professionals described COVID-19-related health responses in their own 77 countries in terms of SUD treatment and harm reduction services. The health responses were categorized around (1) managerial measures and systems, (2) logistics, (3) service providers, and (4) vulnerable groups.Results: Respondents from over 88% of countries reported that core medical and psychiatric care for SUDs had continued; however, only 56% of countries reported having had any business continuity plan, and 37.5% of countries reported shortages of methadone or buprenorphine supplies. Participants of 41% of countries reported partial discontinuation of harm-reduction services such as needle and syringe programs and condom distribution. Fifty-seven percent of overdose prevention interventions and 81% of outreach services were also negatively impacted.Conclusions: Participants reported that SUD treatment and harm-reduction services had been significantly impacted globally early during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our findings, we highlight several issues and complications resulting from the pandemic concerning people with SUDs that should be tackled more efficiently during the future waves or similar pandemics. The issues and potential strategies comprise the following: (1) helping policymakers to generate business continuity plans, (2) maintaining the use of evidence-based interventions for people with SUDs, (3) being prepared for adequate medication supplies, (4) integrating harm reduction programs with other treatment modalities, and (5) having specific considerations for vulnerable groups such as immigrants and refugees.

Published
2021
Full Text
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2. Reorganization of Substance Use Treatment and Harm Reduction Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Survey

Author

Radfar, S, De Jong, C, Farhoudian, A, Ebrahimi, M, Rafei, P, Vahidi, M, Yunesian, M, Kouimtsidis, C, Arunogiri, S, Massah, O, Deylamizadeh, A, Brady, K, Busse, A, Potenza, M, Ekhtiari, H, Baldacchino, A, Abagiu, A, Abouna, F, Ahmed, M, Al-ansari, B, Mahmmoud Abu Al-khair, F, Almaqbali, M, Ambekar, A, Ardabili, H, Arya, S, Lasebikan, V, Ayasreh, M, Basu, D, Benmebarek, Z, Bhad, R, Blaise, M, Bonnet, N, Brasch, J, Broers, B, Butner, J, Camilleri, M, Campello, G, Carra, G, Celic, I, Chalabianloo, F, Chaturvedi, A, de Jesus Eduardo Noyola Cherpitel, J, Clark, K, Cyders, M, de Bernardis, E, Derry, J, Dhagudu, N, Dolezalova, P, Dom, G, Dunlop, A, Elhabiby, M, Elkholy, H, Essien, N, Farah, G, Ferri, M, Floros, G, Friedman, C, Fuderanan, C, Gerra, G, Ghosh, A, Gogia, M, Grammatikopoulos, I, Grandinetti, P, Guirguis, A, Gutnisky, D, Haber, P, Hassani-Abharian, P, Hooshyari, Z, Ibrahim, I, Ieong, H, Indradewi, R, Iskandar, S, Jain, S, James, S, Javadi, S, Joe, K, Jokubonis, D, Jovanova, A, Kamal, R, Kantchelov, A, Kathiresan, P, Katzman, G, Kawale, P, Kern, A, Kessler, F, Kim, S, Kimball, A, Kljucevic, Z, Siste, K, Lev, R, Lee, H, Lengvenyte, A, Lev-ran, S, Mabelya, G, Mahi, M, Maphisa, J, Maremmani, I, Masferrer, L, Mccambridge, O, Mcgovern, G, Min, A, Moghanibashi-Mansourieh, A, Mora-Rios, J, Mudalige, I, Mukherjee, D, Munira, P, Myers, B, Menon T N, J, Narasimha, V, Ndionuka, N, Nejatisafa, A, Niaz, K, Nizami, A, Nuijens, J, Orsolini, L, Oum, V, Oyemade, A, Palavra, I, Pant, S, Paredes, J, Peyron, E, Alberto Quiros, R, Qurishi, R, Rafiq, N, Rao, R, Ratta-apha, W, Raymond, K, Reimer, J, Renaldo, E, Rezapour, T, Robertson, J, Roncero, C, Roub, F, Rubenstein, E, Rupp, C, Saenz, E, Salehi, M, Samartzis, L, Sarubbo, L, Segrec, N, Shah, B, Shen, H, Shirasaka, T, Shoptaw, S, Sintango, F, Sosa, V, Subata, E, Sztycberg, N, Taghizadeh, F, Teck, J, Tjagvad, C, Torrens, M, Twala, J, Vadivel, R, Volpicelli, J, Weijs, J, Wintoniw, S, Wittayanookulluk, A, Wojnar, M, Yasir, S, Yitayih, Y, Zhao, M, Zonoozi, A, Radfar S. R., De Jong C. A. J., Farhoudian A., Ebrahimi M., Rafei P., Vahidi M., Yunesian M., Kouimtsidis C., Arunogiri S., Massah O., Deylamizadeh A., Brady K. T., Busse A., Potenza M. N., Ekhtiari H., Baldacchino A. M., Abagiu A. O., Abouna F. D. N., Ahmed M. H., Al-ansari B., Mahmmoud Abu Al-khair F., Almaqbali M. H., Ambekar A., Ardabili H. M., Arya S., Lasebikan V. O., Ayasreh M. A., Basu D., Benmebarek Z., Bhad R., Blaise M., Bonnet N., Brasch J., Broers B., Butner J. L., Camilleri M., Campello G., Carra G., Celic I., Chalabianloo F., Chaturvedi A., de Jesus Eduardo Noyola Cherpitel J., Clark K. J., Cyders M. A., de Bernardis E., Derry J. E., Dhagudu N. K., Dolezalova P., Dom G., Dunlop A. J., Elhabiby M. M., Elkholy H., Essien N. F., Farah G. I., Ferri M., Floros G. D., Friedman C., Fuderanan C. H., Gerra G., Ghosh A., Gogia M., Grammatikopoulos I. A., Grandinetti P., Guirguis A., Gutnisky D., Haber P. S., Hassani-Abharian P., Hooshyari Z., Ibrahim I. I. M., Ieong H., Indradewi R. N., Iskandar S., Jain S., James S., Javadi S. M. H., Joe K. H., Jokubonis D., Jovanova A. T., Kamal R. M., Kantchelov A. I., Kathiresan P., Katzman G., Kawale P., Kern A. M., Kessler F. H. P., Kim S., Kimball A. M., Kljucevic Z., Siste K., Lev R., Lee H. K., Lengvenyte A., Lev-ran S., Mabelya G. S., Mahi M. A. E., Maphisa J., Maremmani I., Masferrer L., McCambridge O., McGovern G. G., Min A. K., Moghanibashi-Mansourieh A., Mora-Rios J., Mudalige I. U. K., Mukherjee D., Munira P. M., Myers B., Menon T N J., Narasimha V. L., Ndionuka N., Nejatisafa A., Niaz K., Nizami A. T., Nuijens J. H., Orsolini L., Oum V., Oyemade A. A., Palavra I. R., Pant S. B., Paredes J., Peyron E., Alberto Quiros R., Qurishi R., Rafiq N. U. Z., Rao R. R., Ratta-apha W., Raymond K., Reimer J., Renaldo E., Rezapour T., Robertson J. R., Roncero C., Roub F., Rubenstein E. J., Rupp C. I., Saenz E., Salehi M., Samartzis L., Sarubbo L. B., Segrec N., Shah B., Shen H., Shirasaka T., Shoptaw S., Sintango F. M., Sosa V. A., Subata E., Sztycberg N., Taghizadeh F., Teck J., Tjagvad C., Torrens M., Twala J. M., Vadivel R., Volpicelli J. R., Weijs J., Wintoniw S. M., Wittayanookulluk A., Wojnar M., Yasir S., Yitayih Y., Zhao M., Zonoozi A. K., Radfar, S, De Jong, C, Farhoudian, A, Ebrahimi, M, Rafei, P, Vahidi, M, Yunesian, M, Kouimtsidis, C, Arunogiri, S, Massah, O, Deylamizadeh, A, Brady, K, Busse, A, Potenza, M, Ekhtiari, H, Baldacchino, A, Abagiu, A, Abouna, F, Ahmed, M, Al-ansari, B, Mahmmoud Abu Al-khair, F, Almaqbali, M, Ambekar, A, Ardabili, H, Arya, S, Lasebikan, V, Ayasreh, M, Basu, D, Benmebarek, Z, Bhad, R, Blaise, M, Bonnet, N, Brasch, J, Broers, B, Butner, J, Camilleri, M, Campello, G, Carra, G, Celic, I, Chalabianloo, F, Chaturvedi, A, de Jesus Eduardo Noyola Cherpitel, J, Clark, K, Cyders, M, de Bernardis, E, Derry, J, Dhagudu, N, Dolezalova, P, Dom, G, Dunlop, A, Elhabiby, M, Elkholy, H, Essien, N, Farah, G, Ferri, M, Floros, G, Friedman, C, Fuderanan, C, Gerra, G, Ghosh, A, Gogia, M, Grammatikopoulos, I, Grandinetti, P, Guirguis, A, Gutnisky, D, Haber, P, Hassani-Abharian, P, Hooshyari, Z, Ibrahim, I, Ieong, H, Indradewi, R, Iskandar, S, Jain, S, James, S, Javadi, S, Joe, K, Jokubonis, D, Jovanova, A, Kamal, R, Kantchelov, A, Kathiresan, P, Katzman, G, Kawale, P, Kern, A, Kessler, F, Kim, S, Kimball, A, Kljucevic, Z, Siste, K, Lev, R, Lee, H, Lengvenyte, A, Lev-ran, S, Mabelya, G, Mahi, M, Maphisa, J, Maremmani, I, Masferrer, L, Mccambridge, O, Mcgovern, G, Min, A, Moghanibashi-Mansourieh, A, Mora-Rios, J, Mudalige, I, Mukherjee, D, Munira, P, Myers, B, Menon T N, J, Narasimha, V, Ndionuka, N, Nejatisafa, A, Niaz, K, Nizami, A, Nuijens, J, Orsolini, L, Oum, V, Oyemade, A, Palavra, I, Pant, S, Paredes, J, Peyron, E, Alberto Quiros, R, Qurishi, R, Rafiq, N, Rao, R, Ratta-apha, W, Raymond, K, Reimer, J, Renaldo, E, Rezapour, T, Robertson, J, Roncero, C, Roub, F, Rubenstein, E, Rupp, C, Saenz, E, Salehi, M, Samartzis, L, Sarubbo, L, Segrec, N, Shah, B, Shen, H, Shirasaka, T, Shoptaw, S, Sintango, F, Sosa, V, Subata, E, Sztycberg, N, Taghizadeh, F, Teck, J, Tjagvad, C, Torrens, M, Twala, J, Vadivel, R, Volpicelli, J, Weijs, J, Wintoniw, S, Wittayanookulluk, A, Wojnar, M, Yasir, S, Yitayih, Y, Zhao, M, Zonoozi, A, Radfar S. R., De Jong C. A. J., Farhoudian A., Ebrahimi M., Rafei P., Vahidi M., Yunesian M., Kouimtsidis C., Arunogiri S., Massah O., Deylamizadeh A., Brady K. T., Busse A., Potenza M. N., Ekhtiari H., Baldacchino A. M., Abagiu A. O., Abouna F. D. N., Ahmed M. H., Al-ansari B., Mahmmoud Abu Al-khair F., Almaqbali M. H., Ambekar A., Ardabili H. M., Arya S., Lasebikan V. O., Ayasreh M. A., Basu D., Benmebarek Z., Bhad R., Blaise M., Bonnet N., Brasch J., Broers B., Butner J. L., Camilleri M., Campello G., Carra G., Celic I., Chalabianloo F., Chaturvedi A., de Jesus Eduardo Noyola Cherpitel J., Clark K. J., Cyders M. A., de Bernardis E., Derry J. E., Dhagudu N. K., Dolezalova P., Dom G., Dunlop A. J., Elhabiby M. M., Elkholy H., Essien N. F., Farah G. I., Ferri M., Floros G. D., Friedman C., Fuderanan C. H., Gerra G., Ghosh A., Gogia M., Grammatikopoulos I. A., Grandinetti P., Guirguis A., Gutnisky D., Haber P. S., Hassani-Abharian P., Hooshyari Z., Ibrahim I. I. M., Ieong H., Indradewi R. N., Iskandar S., Jain S., James S., Javadi S. M. H., Joe K. H., Jokubonis D., Jovanova A. T., Kamal R. M., Kantchelov A. I., Kathiresan P., Katzman G., Kawale P., Kern A. M., Kessler F. H. P., Kim S., Kimball A. M., Kljucevic Z., Siste K., Lev R., Lee H. K., Lengvenyte A., Lev-ran S., Mabelya G. S., Mahi M. A. E., Maphisa J., Maremmani I., Masferrer L., McCambridge O., McGovern G. G., Min A. K., Moghanibashi-Mansourieh A., Mora-Rios J., Mudalige I. U. K., Mukherjee D., Munira P. M., Myers B., Menon T N J., Narasimha V. L., Ndionuka N., Nejatisafa A., Niaz K., Nizami A. T., Nuijens J. H., Orsolini L., Oum V., Oyemade A. A., Palavra I. R., Pant S. B., Paredes J., Peyron E., Alberto Quiros R., Qurishi R., Rafiq N. U. Z., Rao R. R., Ratta-apha W., Raymond K., Reimer J., Renaldo E., Rezapour T., Robertson J. R., Roncero C., Roub F., Rubenstein E. J., Rupp C. I., Saenz E., Salehi M., Samartzis L., Sarubbo L. B., Segrec N., Shah B., Shen H., Shirasaka T., Shoptaw S., Sintango F. M., Sosa V. A., Subata E., Sztycberg N., Taghizadeh F., Teck J., Tjagvad C., Torrens M., Twala J. M., Vadivel R., Volpicelli J. R., Weijs J., Wintoniw S. M., Wittayanookulluk A., Wojnar M., Yasir S., Yitayih Y., Zhao M., and Zonoozi A. K.

Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted people with substance use disorders (SUDs) worldwide, and healthcare systems have reorganized their services in response to the pandemic. Methods: One week after the announcement of the COVID-19 as a pandemic, in a global survey, 177 addiction medicine professionals described COVID-19-related health responses in their own 77 countries in terms of SUD treatment and harm reduction services. The health responses were categorized around (1) managerial measures and systems, (2) logistics, (3) service providers, and (4) vulnerable groups. Results: Respondents from over 88% of countries reported that core medical and psychiatric care for SUDs had continued; however, only 56% of countries reported having had any business continuity plan, and 37.5% of countries reported shortages of methadone or buprenorphine supplies. Participants of 41% of countries reported partial discontinuation of harm-reduction services such as needle and syringe programs and condom distribution. Fifty-seven percent of overdose prevention interventions and 81% of outreach services were also negatively impacted. Conclusions: Participants reported that SUD treatment and harm-reduction services had been significantly impacted globally early during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our findings, we highlight several issues and complications resulting from the pandemic concerning people with SUDs that should be tackled more efficiently during the future waves or similar pandemics. The issues and potential strategies comprise the following: (1) helping policymakers to generate business continuity plans, (2) maintaining the use of evidence-based interventions for people with SUDs, (3) being prepared for adequate medication supplies, (4) integrating harm reduction programs with other treatment modalities, and (5) having specific considerations for vulnerable groups such as immigrants and refugees.

Published
2021

3. Reorganization of Substance Use Treatment and Harm Reduction Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Survey

Author

Radfar, SR, De Jong, CAJ, Farhoudian, A, Ebrahimi, M, Rafei, P, Vahidi, M, Yunesian, M, Kouimtsidis, C, Arunogiri, S, Massah, O, Deylamizadeh, A, Brady, KT, Busse, A, Potenza, MN, Ekhtiari, H, Baldacchino, AM, Abagiu, AO, Abouna, FDN, Ahmed, MH, Al-ansari, B, Abu Al-khair, F Mahmmoud, Almaqbali, MH, Ambekar, A, Ardabili, HM, Arya, S, Lasebikan, VO, Ayasreh, MA, Basu, D, Benmebarek, Z, Bhad, R, Blaise, M, Bonnet, N, Brasch, J, Broers, B, Butner, JL, Camilleri, M, Campello, G, Carra, G, Celic, I, Chalabianloo, F, Chaturvedi, A, de Jesús Eduardo Noyola Cherpitel, J, Clark, KJ, Cyders, MA, de Bernardis, E, Derry, JE, Dhagudu, NK, Dolezalova, P, Dom, G, Dunlop, AJ, Elhabiby, MM, Elkholy, H, Essien, NF, Farah, GI, Ferri, M, Floros, GD, Friedman, C, Fuderanan, CH, Gerra, G, Ghosh, A, Gogia, M, Grammatikopoulos, IA, Grandinetti, P, Guirguis, A, Gutnisky, D, Haber, PS, Hassani-Abharian, P, Hooshyari, Z, Ibrahim, IIM, Ieong, HFH, Indradewi, RN, Iskandar, S, Jain, S, James, Sandi, Javadi, SMH, Joe, KH, Jokubonis, D, Jovanova, AT, Kamal, RM, Kantchelov, AI, Kathiresan, P, Katzman, G, Kawale, P, Kern, AM, Kessler, FHP, Kim, SGS, Kimball, AM, Kljucevic, Z, Siste, K, Lev, R, Lee, HK, Lengvenyte, A, Lev-ran, S, Mabelya, GS, Mahi, MAE, Maphisa, JM, Maremmani, I, Masferrer, L, McCambridge, O, and McGovern, GG

Subjects
Uncategorized
Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted people with substance use disorders (SUDs) worldwide, and healthcare systems have reorganized their services in response to the pandemic. Methods: One week after the announcement of the COVID-19 as a pandemic, in a global survey, 177 addiction medicine professionals described COVID-19-related health responses in their own 77 countries in terms of SUD treatment and harm reduction services. The health responses were categorized around (1) managerial measures and systems, (2) logistics, (3) service providers, and (4) vulnerable groups. Results: Respondents from over 88% of countries reported that core medical and psychiatric care for SUDs had continued; however, only 56% of countries reported having had any business continuity plan, and 37.5% of countries reported shortages of methadone or buprenorphine supplies. Participants of 41% of countries reported partial discontinuation of harm-reduction services such as needle and syringe programs and condom distribution. Fifty-seven percent of overdose prevention interventions and 81% of outreach services were also negatively impacted. Conclusions: Participants reported that SUD treatment and harm-reduction services had been significantly impacted globally early during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our findings, we highlight several issues and complications resulting from the pandemic concerning people with SUDs that should be tackled more efficiently during the future waves or similar pandemics. The issues and potential strategies comprise the following: (1) helping policymakers to generate business continuity plans, (2) maintaining the use of evidence-based interventions for people with SUDs, (3) being prepared for adequate medication supplies, (4) integrating harm reduction programs with other treatment modalities, and (5) having specific considerations for vulnerable groups such as immigrants and refugees.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Reorganization of substance use treatment and harm reduction services during the COVID-19 pandemic: A global survey

Author

Radfar, S.R., Jong, C.A.J. de, Farhoudian, A., Ebrahimi, M., Rafei, P., Vahidi, M., Yunesian, M., Kouimtsidis, C., Arunogiri, S., Massah, O., Deylamizadeh, A., Brady, K.T., Busse, A., Potenza, M.N., Ekhtiari, H., Baldacchino, A.M., Radfar, S.R., Jong, C.A.J. de, Farhoudian, A., Ebrahimi, M., Rafei, P., Vahidi, M., Yunesian, M., Kouimtsidis, C., Arunogiri, S., Massah, O., Deylamizadeh, A., Brady, K.T., Busse, A., Potenza, M.N., Ekhtiari, H., and Baldacchino, A.M.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 233250.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted people with substance use disorders (SUDs) worldwide, and healthcare systems have reorganized their services in response to the pandemic. Methods: One week after the announcement of the COVID-19 as a pandemic, in a global survey, 177 addiction medicine professionals described COVID-19-related health responses in their own 77 countries in terms of SUD treatment and harm reduction services. The health responses were categorized around (1) managerial measures and systems, (2) logistics, (3) service providers, and (4) vulnerable groups. Results: Respondents from over 88% of countries reported that core medical and psychiatric care for SUDs had continued; however, only 56% of countries reported having had any business continuity plan, and 37.5% of countries reported shortages of methadone or buprenorphine supplies. Participants of 41% of countries reported partial discontinuation of harm-reduction services such as needle and syringe programs and condom distribution. Fifty-seven percent of overdose prevention interventions and 81% of outreach services were also negatively impacted. Conclusions: Participants reported that SUD treatment and harm-reduction services had been significantly impacted globally early during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our findings, we highlight several issues and complications resulting from the pandemic concerning people with SUDs that should be tackled more efficiently during the future waves or similar pandemics. The issues and potential strategies comprise the following: (1) helping policymakers to generate business continuity plans, (2) maintaining the use of evidence-based interventions for people with SUDs, (3) being prepared for adequate medication supplies, (4) integrating harm reduction programs with other treatment modalities, and (5) having specific considerations for vulnerable groups such as immigrants and refugees.

Published
2021

5. Pragmatic, Realistic Harm-Reduction Strategies are Needed to Respond to the Needs of Active Drug Users in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Radfar, Seyed Ramin, Farhoudian, Ali, Alireza Noroozi, Deylamizadeh, Abbas, Nematollahi, Pardis, and Rawson, Richard

Abstract

Background: Access to HIV prevention services among people with substance use disorders are influenced by discrimination and stigma. Different factors can increase discrimination and stigma, but after all more marginalization and criminality has negative effects on societies. Marginalized and /or vulnerable drug users regularly use different coping mechanisms to handle their daily needs. The circumstances around the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in a more complex situation for disadvantaged and homeless drug users. Many of the systems around the world changed their routine process in current complexed situation. The question is what other services or changes have to be added to ordinary harm-reduction approaches to provide an adequate response to marginalized PWUD���s needs? Main text: COVID-19 impacts all part of the human life around the world.In the field of drug some expectable effects are new challenges for illegal drug supply chain, increase in drug demand and use due to many reason that can eventually make PWUD more vulnerable. Some other similar experiences around the world show that supply system may add more impurities to drug for different reason that finally can increase drug and alcohol related overdose and death. Harm reduction strategies such as many other services should change in order to provide the best services that are needed in the current situation. Conclusion: It is recommended that during the pandemic, extra to the basic harm reduction services , depends on the local situation, other services such as temporary shelters and residential settings with screening mechanisms for COVID-19, peer group naloxone distribution, intensive informational and educational activities, low threshold opioid substitution therapy, enhanced safer sex promotion, feasible and effective referral system for suspicious cases of COVID-19, packages for safe methamphetamine use , providing special needs of female drug users and personal protection equipment for health care providers should be available.

Published
2020
Full Text
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6. Reorganization of Substance Use Treatment and Harm Reduction Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Survey

Author

Radfar, Seyed Ramin, De Jong, Cornelis, Farhoudian, Ali, Ebrahimi, Mohsen, Rafei, Parnian, Vahidi, Mehrnoosh, Yunesian, Masud, Kouimtsidis, Christos, Arunogiri, Shalini, Massah, Omid, Deylamizadeh, Abbas, Brady, Kathleen, Busse, Anja, Radfar, Seyed Ramin, De Jong, Cornelis, Farhoudian, Ali, Ebrahimi, Mohsen, Rafei, Parnian, Vahidi, Mehrnoosh, Yunesian, Masud, Kouimtsidis, Christos, Arunogiri, Shalini, Massah, Omid, Deylamizadeh, Abbas, Brady, Kathleen, and Busse, Anja

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted people with substance use disorders (SUDs) worldwide and healthcare systems have reorganized their services in response to the pandemic. Methods: One week after the announcement of the COVID-19 as a pandemic, in a global survey, 177 addiction medicine professionals described COVID-19-related health responses in their own 77 countries in terms of SUD treatment and harm reduction services. The health response is categorized around (1) managerial measures and systems, (2) logistics, (3) service providers and (4) vulnerable groups. Results: Respondents from over 88% of countries reported that core medical and psychiatric care for SUDs had continued; however, only 56% of countries reported having had any business continuity plan, and, 37.5% of countries reported shortages of methadone or buprenorphine supplies. Participants of 41% of countries reported partial discontinuation of harm-reduction services such as needle and syringe programs and condom distribution. 57% of overdose prevention interventions and 81% of outreach services also having been negatively impacted. Conclusions: Participants reported that SUD treatment and harm reduction services had been significantly impacted globally early during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our findings, we provide a series of recommendations to support countries to be prepared more efficiently for future waves or similar pandemics to 1) help policymakers generate business continuity plans, 2) maintain use of evidence-based interventions for people with SUDs, 3) be prepared for adequate medication supplies, 4) integrate harm reduction programs with other treatment modalities and 5) have specific considerations for vulnerable groups such as immigrants and refugees. Highlights: COVID-19 negatively impacted services for PWSUD globally. Addiction medicine downgraded more than other psychiatry services. Business continuity plan for PWSUD services reported only in about half of the countr

Published
2020

7. Reorganization of Substance Use Treatment and Harm Reduction Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Survey

Author

Radfar, Seyed Ramin, primary, De Jong, Cornelis A J, additional, Farhoudian, Ali, additional, Ebrahimi, Mohsen, additional, Rafei, Parnian, additional, Vahidi, Mehrnoosh, additional, Yunesian, Masud, additional, Kouimtsidis, Christos, additional, Arunogiri, Shalini, additional, Massah, Omid, additional, Deylamizadeh, Abbas, additional, Brady, Kathleen T, additional, and Busse, Anja, additional

Published
2020
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8. Reorganization of Substance Use Treatment and Harm Reduction Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Survey.

Author

Radfar, Seyed Ramin, De Jong, Cornelis A. J., Farhoudian, Ali, Ebrahimi, Mohsen, Rafei, Parnian, Vahidi, Mehrnoosh, Yunesian, Masud, Kouimtsidis, Christos, Arunogiri, Shalini, Massah, Omid, Deylamizadeh, Abbas, Brady, Kathleen T., Busse, Anja, Potenza, Marc N., Ekhtiari, Hamed, Baldacchino, Alexander Mario, Abagiu, Adrian Octavian, Abouna, Franck David Noel, Ahmed, Mohamed Hassan, and Al-ansari, Basma

Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19, HARM reduction, SUBSTANCE abuse, NEEDLE exchange programs, BUSINESS continuity planning
Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted people with substance use disorders (SUDs) worldwide, and healthcare systems have reorganized their services in response to the pandemic. Methods: One week after the announcement of the COVID-19 as a pandemic, in a global survey, 177 addiction medicine professionals described COVID-19-related health responses in their own 77 countries in terms of SUD treatment and harm reduction services. The health responses were categorized around (1) managerial measures and systems, (2) logistics, (3) service providers, and (4) vulnerable groups. Results: Respondents from over 88% of countries reported that core medical and psychiatric care for SUDs had continued; however, only 56% of countries reported having had any business continuity plan, and 37.5% of countries reported shortages of methadone or buprenorphine supplies. Participants of 41% of countries reported partial discontinuation of harm-reduction services such as needle and syringe programs and condom distribution. Fifty-seven percent of overdose prevention interventions and 81% of outreach services were also negatively impacted. Conclusions: Participants reported that SUD treatment and harm-reduction services had been significantly impacted globally early during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our findings, we highlight several issues and complications resulting from the pandemic concerning people with SUDs that should be tackled more efficiently during the future waves or similar pandemics. The issues and potential strategies comprise the following: (1) helping policymakers to generate business continuity plans, (2) maintaining the use of evidence-based interventions for people with SUDs, (3) being prepared for adequate medication supplies, (4) integrating harm reduction programs with other treatment modalities, and (5) having specific considerations for vulnerable groups such as immigrants and refugees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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9. Methamphetamine Use Among Iranian Heroin Kerack-Dependent Women: Implications for Treatment

Author

Mehran Zarghami, Abbas Deylamizadeh, Zohreh Abarashi, Alireza Noroozi, Sahar Mansoori, Zahra Alam Mehrjerdi, and Javad Salehi Fadardi

Subjects
business.industry, Addiction, media_common.quotation_subject, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Human factors and ergonomics, Advertising, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, Methamphetamine, Kowsar, Heroin, Treatment, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Injury prevention, Medicine, Women, Heroin kerack, business, Research Article, media_common, Demography, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background: co-use of heroin kerack with methamphetamine (MA) is a new epidemic health concern among Iranian female drug users. Yet, little is known about this issue because of stigma. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the reasons associated with initial and continued co-use of heroin kerack with MA among two groups of regular and recreational female co-users, their motivations associated with treatment entry and to compare their general characteristics at a drop in center (dIc) in Tehran. Materials and Methods: 82 clients were randomly recruited. A researcher-designed questionnaire was used to collect data. data was analyzed by performing descriptive statistics, the chi-square test and t-test. Results: The mean age of the participants were 31 (Sd = 8) years. Reducing negative affect (55%), addicted family and social networks (50%), curiosity (48%), and the lack of knowledge on addictive effects of co-use of heroin kerack with MA (32%) were the most frequently reported reasons at initiation. drug dependence (71%) and drug availability (56%) were reasons of continued co-use. Restoring health (61%), fear from becoming MA abuser only (33%), and fear from making a transition from heroin kerack and MA smoking to injection (15%) were important motivations for treatment entry. Regular co-users were more likely to be single (41.7% vs. 14.7%, P < 0.001), jobless (45.8% vs. 38.2, P < 0.05), homemaker (50% vs. 35.3%, P < 0.01), recently incarcerated (16.7% vs. 11.7%, P < 0.01), and were less likely to be enrolled in opioid replacement programs (33.5% vs. 41%, P < 0.01). Regular co-users were younger (30.6 vs. 32.1 years, P < 0.05), less educated (9.6 vs. 10.8 years, P < 0.05) and had a longer duration of drug dependence (9.6 vs. 8 years, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Reasons associated with initial and continued co-use of heroin kerack with MA, factors associated with treatment entry and the differences between regular and recreational co-users should be specifically considered in designing and tailoring drug use treatment programs for this group.

Published
2013

12. P3.164 High Risk Sex Behaviours Among Drug-Using Refugees: Implications For Treatment

Author

A Hosseinzadeh, Z Alam Mehrjerdi, N Mansoori, and A Deylamizadeh

Subjects
Harm reduction, medicine.medical_specialty, Social work, business.industry, Refugee, Reproductive medicine, Dermatology, law.invention, Outreach, Infectious Diseases, Afghan, Condom, law, medicine, Psychiatry, business, Methadone, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Iran has been hosting Afghan refugees since the late 1970s. Yet, little is known about drug use and its relationships with high risk sex behaviours among this group. The present study describes the implemented harm reduction services and the correlates of high risk sex behaviours among the clients. Methods In 2009, a four - month drug - related harm reduction programme was launched by Rebirth Society (NGO) with collaboration of UNHCR to implement harm reduction services for socially marginalised drug - using Afghan refugees in two Afghan - populated areas in Tehran. A drop in centre and a shelter were allocated to the project. A group of 10 doctors, psychologists and social workers were well trained to implement the services. Before starting the project, 6 Afghan outreach street workers informed resident Afghans in the areas about the services for 2 months with collaborations of some organisations and individuals such as the municipality, and Afghan volunteers. Results From 1 September to 31 December 2009, 122 clients (121 men and 1 woman) with mean age 30.5 (SD = 8.) years referred for receiving treatment. 98.4% were opioid users. 21 clients received methadone maintenance therapy. 14 clients received needle and syringe services. 21 received methadone detoxification. 50 clients received VCT counselling and serologic testing for viral infections. 41% had recently practised high risk sex behaviours. Recent high risk sex behaviours were associated with lack of current access to condom (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–7.6), low level of knowledge on safe sex (OR 1.8, 95% CI 0.75–2.6), opioid use before sex (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.23–2.6) and duration of more than 5 years of dependence on drug use (or 1.28, 95% CI 1–2.3). Conclusion Providing free condoms and training in safe sex could decrease the rate of practising high risk behaviours among socially marginalised drug-using groups such as Afghans. Further studies are suggested.

Published
2013

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