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Indonesia has committed to implement the sustainable development goals (SDG) by 2030 including the ending trafficking of protected species and addressing the illegal wildlife demand and supply. As such, there is a need for long‐term data on wild animal trade and its contribution to the wider economy. We initiated a long‐term monitoring programme of live civet trade in wildlife markets (120 surveys, 2010–2023). Civets are traded to be kept as exotic pets and to produce civet coffee and are a proxy for other high‐profile wildlife. We recorded 2289 civets of six species, including ones with strict regulations in place. Despite the trade being illegal, and contra to Indonesia's commitments as part of the SDG to curb this trade, it remained remarkably stable over time (numbers, species, prices). As such, Indonesia is not meeting its SDG targets that are related to curbing illegal wildlife trade and illicit financial flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: There are clear links between wildlife trade and emerging infectious diseases including zoonotic diseases. In some cases, this leads to global outbreaks or even pandemics as recently seen with SARS and COVID-19 for instance. One of the first properly documented global pandemics caused by the trade of wildlife at a global level was the Great Parrot Fever Pandemic of 1929/1930. This pandemic was caused by psittacosis, a respiratory disease that can be transmitted to humans from infected birds (once transmitted to humans the disease is known as avian chlamydiosis). We assessed the risk of psittacosis becoming a zoonotic disease in Indonesia's bird markets where a wide range of wild-caught species, including parrots, are traded. In 14 markets on the islands of Java and Bali, we recorded almost 4500 parrots of 21 genera from all parts of the world and these were traded alongside each other. Genera offered for sale together did not cluster into geographic groups, were sold during all months of the year, and for 12/21 genera the presence of psittacosis had been reported in the past. We conclude that the omnipresence of wild-caught parrots from various geographic regions in large numbers within the same bird markets (visited by 100 s of people daily) increases the likelihood that psittacosis is indeed present. This poses a real risk for the zoonotic spread of avian chlamydiosis to humans. Wildlife trade, both legal and illegal, is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the rise of emerging viral infectious diseases, and this is especially apparent in Asia, where large numbers of wildlife are openly offered for sale in bird markets. We here focus on the risk of Psittacosis becoming a zoonotic disease in the wildlife markets of Java and Bali, Indonesia. Psittacosis is particularly prevalent in parrots (hence the name), and the trade in parrots was instrumental in the Great Parrot Fever Pandemic in 1929/1930. Between 2014 and 2023, we conducted 176 surveys of 14 bird markets, during which we recorded 4446 largely wild-caught parrots for sale. On average, each market had nine genera on offer, and the diversity of genera increased with the increasing presence of parrots (up to 16 genera). For most of the bird markets during each survey, parrots from different genera and originating from different parts of the world, were offered for sale alongside each other. Genera offered for sale together did not cluster into natural (geographic) groups. We found no temporal difference in the sale of parrots. We conclude that the omnipresence of wild-caught parrots from various geographic regions in large numbers within the same bird markets increases the risk that psittacosis is present and that this poses a real risk for the zoonotic spread of avian chlamydiosis to humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract\nPlain language summarySufficient and accurate information is a requirement for menstrual health and supports adolescents in realising their human rights. As mobile connectivity increases globally, many young people may seek or encounter menstrual health information online through web-based platforms, social media, or health apps. Despite the relevance of online information, menstrual health research and programming have focused on formal and school-based learning. Using a participatory and ethnographic approach over seven months from November 2022 to June 2023, this qualitative study explores how adolescent girls between 13–15 years of age in junior high school in two districts of Bali, Indonesia, access and use online information for menstrual health learning. Findings are from 20 group discussions; sessions were held five times with each group across four schools. Fourteen participants also completed solicited diaries, and five participated in interviews. Data is also drawn from participant observation in schools and community spaces. We found that informal online information is a significant source of menstrual health learning and is accessed through active searching and incidental encounters. The motivations to access and use online information were specific to participants’ menstrual health needs. We found that online information presented opportunities for personalised and convenient learning. However, it also presented risks associated with excessive and inappropriate information that caused worry and reinforced menstrual myths. Our findings highlight the need to account for informal online information in future research and programming on menstrual health, particularly in contexts with a high level of mobile connectivity among young people.Good quality information helps adolescents with their menstrual health. It supports them in realising their human rights. Many adolescents find information on menstrual health online through websites, social media, or health apps. Online information is increasingly important. But we know little about how adolescents access and use it for menstrual health. We conducted a qualitative study in junior high schools in two districts of Bali, Indonesia. 24 school girls aged 13-15 took part. We wanted to understand how they accessed online information and what they learnt from this about menstruation. We carried out five group discussions in each of four junior high schools. We also did five in-depth interviews, a solicited diary activity and participant observation. Our study confirmed that online sources were important for menstrual health information. Participants shared that they looked for menstrual health information through search engines. They also came across it via social media, especially the video platform TikTok. Many participants saw online information as positive. They felt it offered personalised, private, entertaining and convenient information. But there were also risks. Excessive information caused them to worry and misinformation reinforced menstrual myths. Our findings highlight the need for menstrual health programming and policy. This programming would take into account the role of online information. It would also commit to understanding the lived experiences of adolescents. Critical health and digital literacy could be part of puberty and health education. This would be very helpful in countries like Indonesia with growing digital engagement.Pernyataan bahasa sederhana:Informasi yang berkualitas dan tepat waktu memberikan akses kesehatan menstruasi kepada remaja dan memberikan kesempatan untuk mewujudkan hak asasi manusia mereka. Secara global, banyak remaja mengakses informasi kesehatan menstruasi secara daring melalui situs web, media sosial, atau aplikasi kesehatan. Meskipun informasi daring semakin relevan, pemahaman kita akan bagaimana remaja mengakses dan menggunakan informasi daring untuk kesehatan menstruasi sangat jauh dari kata cukup. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan kajian studi kualitatif dengan 24 remaja putri berusia 13–15 tahun di sekolah menengah pertama di dua kabupaten di Bali, Indonesia (Kabupaten Gianyar dan Kota Denpasar). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana remaja mengakses informasi daring dan bagaimana informasi ini menginformasikan pemahaman dan pengalaman mereka tentang menstruasi. Serangkaian diskuis kelompok dilakukan di empat lokasi sekolah menengah pertama, beberapa wawancara mendalam (5) dan aktivitas buku harian singkat serta observasi partisipan. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa sumber daring penting untuk informasi kesehatan menstruasi. Partisipan menyatakan bahwa mereka secara aktif mencari informasi kesehatan menstruasi melalui mesin pencari (Google) dan atau menemukannya secara tidak sengaja melalui media sosial, khususnya platform video pendek TikTok. Sebagaina besar partisipan menggangap bahwa informasi daring dianggap positif. Tidak hanya itu, mereka menyatakan bahwa platform daring menawarkan informasi yang bersifat pribadi, rahasia, menghibur, dan praktis. Namun, terdapat resiko dari informasi daring tersebut. Terkadang terdapat informasi yang berlebihan yang membuat mereka cemas atau informasi yang salah yang memperkuat mitos tentang menstruasi. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlunya program dan kebijakan kesehatan menstruasi untuk lebih memperhitungkan peran informasi daring dan berkomitmen untuk memahami pengalaman hidup remaja. Program atau kebijakan lebih lanjut dapat mengintegrasikan kesehatan kritis dan literasi digital ke dalam pendidikan kesehatan dan pubertas, khususnya di negara-negara dengan keterlibatan digital yang berkembang pesat, seperti Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]