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Aiming at the problems such as small target scale, complex background, difficult detection, false detection and leakage detection of aerial insulators in transmission lines, this paper proposes an insulator defect detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv5. Firstly, CBAM attention module is added to the backbone network of YOLOv5 to improve the feature extraction capability of insulator pictures. Secondly, in the feature extraction part, PANet structure is replaced by BiFPN structure to make full use of the underlying feature information. Finally, the improved K-means algorithm is used to determine the prior frame and improve the defect detection accuracy of the insulator. Experimental results show that this method can improve the identification accuracy of insulator defect detection in transmission lines.

The power transformer plays a key role in the power distribution and transmission of the power system of the equipment, if the transformer fault leads to unexpected outage of the power system, then it will have a great threat to the whole power system, through the analysis of the transformer fault text can better guide the procurement of the transformer and fault maintenance. This paper proposes a classification method of transformer fault text based on two feature channels. This method extracts useful text emotion information from different aspects and levels by using two feature vectors, namely word vector and pinyin vector, and inputs it into Bilstm network to extract local and global semantic features. Then the features are fused through the attention mechanism. Finally, the features output by softmax function are classified and predicted. Experimental results show that the proposed method greatly improves the accuracy of transformer fault text classification.

The densification process, microstructure evolution, and final optical quality of the transparent MgO⋅nAl2O3 (n = 1.1 and 1.5) ceramics pre-sintered in air and under vacuum were investigated for the effects of pre-sintering atmosphere. The samples pre-sintered in air exhibited uniform microstructure, which was easier to obtain high optical quality at lower HIP temperatures. However, non-cubic precipitates appeared in the samples with a high Al2O3/MgO ratio after HIP treatment, resulting in the deterioration of transmittance. For the samples pre-sintered under vacuum, a large-grain layer was formed on the sample surface due to accelerated MgO volatilization. However, non-cubic precipitates did not appear due to the generation of oxygen vacancies. The mechanisms of formation of the large-grain layer, non-cubic precipitates were discussed from the viewpoint of MgO vaporization, Al2O3/MgO molar ratio, and oxygen vacancy.

Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor in women. At present, the main treatment for breast cancer is radiotherapy. Due to the difference in radiosensitivity between individuals or tumor cells, the effect of radiotherapy is not good. Therefore, in radiotherapy, how to use various auxiliary means to reduce the radiation resistance of tumor, Therefore, it has become an important research topic to improve the radiosensitivity of the tumor. Fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF1) plays an important role in tumor migration. Therefore, the study of miR-143-3p increasing the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells through FGF1 is proposed in this paper. In this study, a control group experiment was set up to study. During the experiment, the relative expression of miR-143-3p was detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR of miRNA, and the cell irradiation experiment was created to analyze the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells by comparing their survival fraction. The results of this study showed that when the radiation dose was 0, the survival scores of the three groups were all 1. The survival fraction of the experimental group decreased from 0.26 ± 0.045 to 0.068 ± 0.008 when the dose was added to 4Gy. The survival fraction of the experimental group was always greater than that of the two control groups. The results of this study show that miR-143-3p can increase the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells through FGF1.

A smart manufacturing system (SMS) is a multi-field physical system with complex couplings among various components. Usually, designers in various fields can only design subsystems of an SMS based on the limited cognition of dynamics. Conducting SMS designs concurrently and developing a unified model to effectively imitate every interaction and behavior of manufacturing processes are challenging. As an emerging technology, digital twins can achieve semi-physical simulations to reduce the vast time and cost of physical commissioning/reconfiguration by the early detection of design errors/flaws of the SMS. However, the development of the digital twins concept in the SMS design remains vague. An innovative Function-Structure-Behavior-Control-Intelligence-Performance (FSBCIP) framework is proposed to review how digital twins technologies are integrated into and promote the SMS design based on a literature search in the Web of Science database. The definitions, frameworks, major design steps, new blueprint models, key enabling technologies, design cases, and research directions of digital twins-based SMS design are presented in this survey. It is expected that this survey will shed new light on urgent industrial concerns in developing new SMSs in the Industry 4.0 era.

Novel (Tb1-xLux)2O3 magneto-optical transparent ceramics were prepared through a solid-solution method via vacuum pre-sintering followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The Lu-containing samples were solid-solution phases between Tb2O3 and Lu2O3, which effectively stabilized the phase transition of Tb2O3 during the sintering process. A typical component of (Tb1-xLux)2O3 ceramic with x = 0.5 was selected to study the densification behavior and microstructure evolution in detail. The polished (Tb0.5Lu0.5)2O3 ceramics with a thickness of 3 mm vacuum pre-sintered at 1700 °C under 1.0 × 10−3 Pa combined with HIP post-treatment at 1600 °C showed good magneto-optical property. The Verdet constant measured at 633 nm was -224.33 rad·T−1 m−1, 30% higher than that of Tb3Al5O12 (TAG). However, the in-line transmittance was 73.6% at 633 nm, lower than that of TAG. The (Tb1-xLux)2O3 ceramics will be a promising material for Faraday devices after further improving the optical quality.

Accelerating slow water dissociation kinetics is key to boosting the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media. We report the synthesis of atomically dispersed MoO

A refractive index fiber probe has been proposed based on a long-tapered microfiber, which was obtained from a long single-mode microfiber by the oxyhydrogen-flame-scanning and stretching method using a multifunctional fiber tapering machine. This microfiber probe was used to detect the refractive index of seawater samples with different concentrations by demodulating the intensity of reflected light. The refractive index sensing performance of the long-tapered microfibers elaborated by the low refractive index UV glue distributing silver nanoparticles and silicon nanoparticles were experimentally demonstrated, compared and analyzed. More stable spectra and sensing performance was obtained for the silicon nanoparticles compared to that of silver nanoparticles. Although a high average refractive index sensitivity of 13.047 dBm R−1IU−1 was obtained for the long-tapered microfiber coated by two layers of silver nanoparticle UV films. However, the quality of the corresponding spectra was severely damaged, and the amplitude of light intensity at different wavelengths varied greatly. These problems can be well avoided for the silicon nanoparticle-decorated microfiber tapers, where the overall monotonic variation of the interference spectral intensity will greatly simplify the signal demodulation process and improve the reliability of the measurement results.

Ni3S2 has attracted great interest as a potential alternative catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction; however, the formation of sulfur–hydrogen bonds on Ni3S2 suppressed the hydrogen evolution ...

Ruthenium (Ru)-based materials have been proven to be highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts and have become the most promising candidates for replacing platinum (Pt)-based electrocatalysts. Herein, we report an easily scalable electrospinning strategy to construct nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers with porous hierarchical structures and uniformly dispersed Ru nanoparticles (abbreviated as ES-Ru-ZIF-900). Benefiting from the porous fibrous nanoarchitecture caused by the pyrolysis of the zeolitic imidazolate framework-8, the abundant firmly immobilized Ru NPs, and the high conductivity of the N-doped carbon matrix, the resultant ES-Ru-ZIF-900 electrocatalyst exhibits an extraordinary HER performance. ES-Ru-ZIF-900 only needs an overpotential of 21 mV to drive the current density of 10 mA cm−2, and possesses long durability for over 14 h in 1.0 M KOH, superior to Pt/C and most of the non-Pt based electrocatalysts. This work offers a universal and efficient synthetic strategy for preparing metal-based nitrogen-doped carbon hybrid catalysts with enhanced HER activity.

Ru, RuO2 and MoO3 embedded carbon nanorods (Ru-RuO2/MoO3 CNRs) were synthesized through electrospinning and low-temperature calcination. Results of comprehensive characterizations suggest that the strong interaction between Ru and Mo species, large electrochemical surface area, and high electrical conductivity (a proper ratio of RuO2 to Ru) endow Ru-RuO2/MoO3 CNRs-350 with excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance.

Phase transformation process of magneto-optical material Tb 2 O 3 at elevated temperature has been investigated in different atmosphere. When heating in air, Tb 2 O 3 is firstly oxidized to TbO 1.81 at 500 °C. Finally, TbO 1.81 is respectively deoxidized to TbO 1.714 at 600 °C and Tb 2 O 3 at 988 °C. It is remarkable that the most stable phase at room temperature is not Tb 2 O 3 , but TbO 1.81 . While sintering in vacuum, the reversible phase transition of Tb 2 O 3 above 1600 °C makes Tb 2 O 3 crack from inside to outside. These findings provide a deep understanding of controlling and avoiding the phase transformations of Tb 2 O 3 , which has great guiding significance to preparing Tb 2 O 3 materials.

Large-scale personalization is becoming a reality. To ensure market competitiveness and economic benefits, enterprises require rapid response capability and flexible manufacturing operations. However, variant design and production line reconfiguration are complicated because it involves the commissioning, replacement, and adaptive integration of equipment and remodification of control systems. Herein, a digital twin-driven production line variant design is presented. As a new technology, the digital twin can realize the parallel control from the physical world to the digital world and accelerate the design process of the production line through a virtual–real linkage. Simultaneously, the actual production line can be simulated to verify the rationality of the design scheme and avoid cost wastage. Four key technologies are described in detail, and a production line variant design platform based on digital twin is built to support rapid production line variant design. Finally, experiments using a smartphone assembly line as an example are performed; the results demonstrate that the proposed method can realize production line variant design and increase production efficiency.

With increasing age, middle-aged and older persons face a series of physical and mental health problems. This study aimed to explore the latent relationships among age, functional disability, depression, and life satisfaction. The data were obtained from the Wave 2 (in 2013–2014) and Wave 3 (in 2015–2016) surveys of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The analytic sample in the present study included 15,950 individuals aged 45 years and over. The participants answered the same questions concerning depression and life satisfaction in both study waves, and functional disability was measured based on the activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. Age was directly associated with functional disability, life satisfaction, and depression. Functional disability was positively correlated with depression and negatively correlated with life satisfaction. Functional disability strongly mediated the relationships among age, depression, and life satisfaction. Depression and life satisfaction were found to have enduring effects and effects on each other. Additionally, the model revealed a gender difference. Depression in middle-aged people should receive closer attention. Avoiding or improving functional disability may be an effective way to improve life satisfaction and reduce the level of depression in middle-aged and older persons. If prevention work successfully decreases depression, the life dissatisfaction of middle-aged and older people could be improved. Additionally, for the prevention of functional disability and depression and improvement in life satisfaction, gender differences need to be considered.

Ruthenium (Ru) as a cheaper alternative to Pt has been studied as a viable alternative for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst, however, no single-atom Ru catalyst has been reported for the HER electrocatalysis. Herein, we design and develop the first type of single-atom Ru based catalyst applied for the HER under pH-universal conditions. This binder-free catalyst consists of single Ru atoms anchored to the surface of MoS2 nanosheets array supported by a carbon cloth (Ru-MoS2/CC, Ru in Ru-MoS2: 0.37 wt%). The abundant dispersed single Ru atoms are highly catalytically active, and the MoS2 array supported 3D porous structure offers more opportunities for active sites and serves as co-catalysts for synergetic catalysis, with accompanying enhanced the electrical conductivity of this array-catalyst. Remarkably, the Ru-MoS2/CC exhibits extremely enhanced catalytic activity compared to that of MoS2/CC and possesses good long-term stability. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the improved catalytic activities stem from the synergistic effect between MoS2 and single-atom Ru. This discovery holds a great potential to accelerate the large-scale binder-free application of single Ru atoms in industry.