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3. Evaluating the appropriateness of risk-based approaches to assess the sustainability of fishery impacts on seabirds

Author

Good, S.D., Gummery, M., McLennan, S., Dewar, K., Votier, S.C., Phillips, R.A., Good, S.D., Gummery, M., McLennan, S., Dewar, K., Votier, S.C., and Phillips, R.A.

Abstract

Many seabird populations are declining, with fisheries bycatch as one of the greatest threats. Explicit risk criteria should be used to identify whether bycatch is a problem for particular species and fisheries, but these are often poorly defined. A variety of methods are used to determine the risk that a specific fishery is having an unsustainable impact on a seabird population. Up until October 2022, the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) applied a general semi-quantitative productivity susceptibility analysis (PSA), a tool that has also been used widely by other management agencies for diverse taxa. Given the need to ensure fisheries risk assessments are robust and consistent, we examined how general PSAs perform when applied in 2 situations with good information on both the seabird population and fisheries bycatch rates and compare the outputs with those from 2 accessible and more quantitative tools: potential biological removal and population viability analysis. We found that risk scoring using the previous MSC version of the PSA was less robust and precautionary than using other approaches, given the steep declines observed in some seabird breeding populations. We make recommendations on how to select attributes for species-specific PSAs and, depending on the data available, identify the most appropriate risk assessment method to achieve a given objective. These should help ensure more consistent assessment and prioritisation of seabird bycatch issues, and improved ecosystem-based management of fisheries.

Published
2023

4. Corrigendum to ‘SJS/TEN 2019: From science to translation’ [J. Dermatol. Sci. 98/1 (2020) 2–12]

Author

Chang, W-C, Abe, R., Anderson, P., Anderson, W., Ardern-Jones, M.R., Beachkofsky, T.M., Bellón, T., Biala, A.K., Bouchard, C., Cavalleri, G.L., Chapman, N., Chodosh, J., Choi, H.K., Cibotti, R.R., Divito, S.J., Dewar, K., Dehaeck, U., Etminan, M., Forbes, D., Fuchs, E., Goldman, J.L., Holmes, J.H., Hope, E.A., Hung, S-L, Hsieh, C-L, Iovieno, A., Jagdeo, J., Kim, M.K., Koelle, D.M., Lacouture, M.E., Le Pallec, S., Lehloenya, R.J., Lim, R., Lowe, A., McCawley, J., Micheletti, R.G., Mockenhaupt, M., Niemeyer, K., Norcross, M.A., Oboh, D., Olteanu, C., Pasieka, H.B., Peters, J., Pirmohamed, M., Rieder, M., Saeed, H.N., Shear, N.H., Shieh, C., Straus, S., Sukasem, C., Sung, C., Trubiano, J.A., Tsou, S-Y, Ueta, M., Volpi, S., Wan, C., Wang, H., Wang, Z-Q, Weintraub, J., Whale, C., Wheatley, L.M., Whyte-Croasdaile, S., Williams, K.B., Wright, G., Yeung, S.N., Zhou, L., Chung, W-H, Phillips, E.J., Carleton, B.C., Chang, W-C, Abe, R., Anderson, P., Anderson, W., Ardern-Jones, M.R., Beachkofsky, T.M., Bellón, T., Biala, A.K., Bouchard, C., Cavalleri, G.L., Chapman, N., Chodosh, J., Choi, H.K., Cibotti, R.R., Divito, S.J., Dewar, K., Dehaeck, U., Etminan, M., Forbes, D., Fuchs, E., Goldman, J.L., Holmes, J.H., Hope, E.A., Hung, S-L, Hsieh, C-L, Iovieno, A., Jagdeo, J., Kim, M.K., Koelle, D.M., Lacouture, M.E., Le Pallec, S., Lehloenya, R.J., Lim, R., Lowe, A., McCawley, J., Micheletti, R.G., Mockenhaupt, M., Niemeyer, K., Norcross, M.A., Oboh, D., Olteanu, C., Pasieka, H.B., Peters, J., Pirmohamed, M., Rieder, M., Saeed, H.N., Shear, N.H., Shieh, C., Straus, S., Sukasem, C., Sung, C., Trubiano, J.A., Tsou, S-Y, Ueta, M., Volpi, S., Wan, C., Wang, H., Wang, Z-Q, Weintraub, J., Whale, C., Wheatley, L.M., Whyte-Croasdaile, S., Williams, K.B., Wright, G., Yeung, S.N., Zhou, L., Chung, W-H, Phillips, E.J., and Carleton, B.C.

Abstract

The authors regret not all contributing authors correctly acknowledged funding. Jonathan Peter’s IMARI-Africa project (AFRISCAR) is part of the EDCTP2 programme supported by the European Union (grant number TMA2017SF-1981 ). The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

Published
2021

5. SJS/TEN 2019: From Science to Translation

Author

Chang, W-C, Abe, R., Anderson, P., Anderson, W., Ardern-Jones, M.R., Beachkofsky, T.M., Bellón, T., Biala, A.K., Bouchard, C., Cavalleri, G.L., Chapman, N., Chodosh, J., Choi, H.K., Cibotti, R.R., Divito, S.J., Dewar, K., Dehaeck, U., Etminan, M., Forbes, D., Fuchs, E., Goldman, J.L., Holmes, J.H., Hope, E.A., Hung, S-I, Hsieh, C-L, Iovieno, A., Jagdeo, J., Kim, M.K., Koelle, D.M., Lacouture, M.E., Le Pallec, S., Lehloenya, R.J., Lim, R., Lowe, A., McCawley, J., Micheletti, R.G., Mockenhaupt, M., Niemeyer, K., Norcross, M.A., Oboh, D., Olteanu, C., Pasieka, H.B., Peter, J., Pirmohamed, M., Rieder, M., Saeed, H.N., Shear, N.H., Shieh, C., Straus, S., Sukasem, C., Sung, C., Trubiano, J.A., Tsou, S-Y, Ueta, M., Volpi, S., Wan, C., Wang, H., Wang, Z-Q, Weintraub, J., Whale, C., Wheatley, L.M., Whyte-Croasdaile, S., Williams, K.B., Wright, G., Yeung, S.N., Zhou, L., Chung, W-H, Phillips, E.J., Carleton, B.C., Chang, W-C, Abe, R., Anderson, P., Anderson, W., Ardern-Jones, M.R., Beachkofsky, T.M., Bellón, T., Biala, A.K., Bouchard, C., Cavalleri, G.L., Chapman, N., Chodosh, J., Choi, H.K., Cibotti, R.R., Divito, S.J., Dewar, K., Dehaeck, U., Etminan, M., Forbes, D., Fuchs, E., Goldman, J.L., Holmes, J.H., Hope, E.A., Hung, S-I, Hsieh, C-L, Iovieno, A., Jagdeo, J., Kim, M.K., Koelle, D.M., Lacouture, M.E., Le Pallec, S., Lehloenya, R.J., Lim, R., Lowe, A., McCawley, J., Micheletti, R.G., Mockenhaupt, M., Niemeyer, K., Norcross, M.A., Oboh, D., Olteanu, C., Pasieka, H.B., Peter, J., Pirmohamed, M., Rieder, M., Saeed, H.N., Shear, N.H., Shieh, C., Straus, S., Sukasem, C., Sung, C., Trubiano, J.A., Tsou, S-Y, Ueta, M., Volpi, S., Wan, C., Wang, H., Wang, Z-Q, Weintraub, J., Whale, C., Wheatley, L.M., Whyte-Croasdaile, S., Williams, K.B., Wright, G., Yeung, S.N., Zhou, L., Chung, W-H, Phillips, E.J., and Carleton, B.C.

Abstract

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are potentially life-threatening, immune-mediated adverse reactions characterized by widespread erythema, epidermal necrosis, and detachment of skin and mucosa. Efforts to grow and develop functional international collaborations and a multidisciplinary interactive network focusing on SJS/TEN as an uncommon but high burden disease will be necessary to improve efforts in prevention, early diagnosis and improved acute and long-term management. SJS/TEN 2019: From Science to Translation was a 1.5-day scientific program held April 26-27, 2019, in Vancouver, Canada. The meeting successfully engaged clinicians, researchers, and patients and conducted many productive discussions on research and patient care needs.

Published
2020

10. Searching for Lunar Water: The Lunar Volatile Resources Analysis Package

Author

Morse, A. D, Barber, S. J, Dewar, K. R, Pillinger, J. M, Sheridan, S, Wright, I, P, Gibson, E. K, Merrifield, J. A, Howe, C. J, Waugh, L. J, and Pilinger, C. T

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

The ESA Lunar Lander has been conceived to demonstrate an autonomous landing capability. Once safely on the Moon the scientific payload will conduct investigations aimed at preparing the way for human exploration. As part of the provisional payload an instrument known as The Lunar Volatile Resources Analysis Package (L-VRAP) will analyse surface and exospheric volatiles. The presence and abundance of lunar water is an important consideration for ISRU (In Situ Resource Utilisation) since this is likely to be part of a strategy for supporting long-term human exploration of the Moon.

Published
2012

15. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome

Author

Lander, ES, Linton, LM, Birren, B, Nusbaum, C, Zody, MC, Baldwin, J, Devon, K, Dewar, K, Doyle, M, FitzHugh, W, Funke, R, Gage, D, Harris, K, Heaford, A, Howland, J, Kann, L, Lehoczky, J, LeVine, R, McEwan, P, McKernan, K, Meldrim, J, Mesirov, JP, Miranda, C, Morris, W, Naylor, J, Raymond, C, Rosetti, M, Santos, R, Sheridan, A, Sougnez, C, Stange-Thomann, N, Stojanovic, N, Subramanian, A, Wyman, D, Rogers, J, Sulston, J, Ainscough, R, Beck, S, Bentley, D, Burton, J, Clee, C, Carter, N, Coulson, A, Deadman, R, Deloukas, P, Dunham, A, Dunham, I, Durbin, R, French, L, Grafham, D, Gregory, S, Hubbard, T, Humphray, S, Hunt, A, Jones, M, Lloyd, C, McMurray, A, Matthews, L, Mercer, S, Milne, S, Mullikin, JC, Mungall, A, Plumb, R, Ross, M, Shownkeen, R, Sims, S, Waterston, RH, Wilson, RK, Hillier, LW, McPherson, JD, Marra, MA, Mardis, ER, Fulton, LA, Chinwalla, AT, Pepin, KH, Gish, WR, Chissoe, SL, Wendl, MC, Delehaunty, KD, Miner, TL, Delehaunty, A, Kramer, JB, Cook, LL, Fulton, RS, Johnson, DL, Minx, PJ, Clifton, SW, Hawkins, T, Branscomb, E, Predki, P, Richardson, P, Wenning, S, Slezak, T, Doggett, N, Cheng, JF, Olsen, A, Lucas, S, Elkin, C, Uberbacher, E, Frazier, M, Gibbs, RA, Muzny, DM, Scherer, SE, Bouck, JB, Sodergren, EJ, Worley, KC, Rives, CM, Gorrell, JH, Metzker, ML, Naylor, SL, Kucherlapati, RS, Nelson, DL, Weinstock, GM, Sakaki, Y, Fujiyama, A, Hattori, M, Yada, T, Toyoda, A, Itoh, T, Kawagoe, C, Watanabe, H, Totoki, Y, Taylor, T, Weissenbach, J, Heilig, R, Saurin, W, Artiguenave, F, Brottier, P, Bruls, T, Pelletier, E, Robert, C, Wincker, P, Smith, DR, Doucette-Stamm, L, Rubenfield, M, Weinstock, K, Lee, HM, Dubois, J, Rosenthal, A, Platzer, M, Nyakatura, G, Taudien, S, Rump, A, Yang, H, Yu, J, Wang, J, Huang, G, Gu, J, Hood, L, Rowen, L, Madan, A, Qin, S, Davis, RW, Federspiel, NA, Abola, AP, Proctor, MJ, Myers, RM, Schmutz, J, Dickson, M, Grimwood, J, Cox, DR, Olson, MV, Kaul, R, Shimizu, N, Kawasaki, K, Minoshima, S, Evans, GA, Athanasiou, M, Schultz, R, Roe, BA, Chen, F, Pan, H, Ramser, J, Lehrach, H, Reinhardt, R, McCombie, WR, de la Bastide, M, Dedhia, N, Blöcker, H, Hornischer, K, Nordsiek, G, Agarwala, R, Aravind, L, Bailey, JA, Bateman, A, Batzoglou, S, Birney, E, Bork, P, Brown, DG, Burge, CB, Cerutti, L, Chen, HC, Church, D, Clamp, M, Copley, RR, Doerks, T, Eddy, SR, Eichler, EE, Furey, TS, Galagan, J, Gilbert, JG, Harmon, C, Hayashizaki, Y, Haussler, D, Hermjakob, H, Hokamp, K, Jang, W, Johnson, LS, Jones, TA, Kasif, S, Kaspryzk, A, Kennedy, S, Kent, WJ, Kitts, P, Koonin, EV, Korf, I, Kulp, D, Lancet, D, Lowe, TM, McLysaght, A, Mikkelsen, T, Moran, JV, Mulder, N, Pollara, VJ, Ponting, CP, Schuler, G, Schultz, J, Slater, G, Smit, AF, Stupka, E, Szustakowski, J, Thierry-Mieg, D, Thierry-Mieg, J, Wagner, L, Wallis, J, Wheeler, R, Williams, A, Wolf, YI, Wolfe, KH, Yang, SP, Yeh, RF, Collins, F, Guyer, MS, Peterson, J, Felsenfeld, A, Wetterstrand, KA, Patrinos, A, Morgan, MJ, de Jong, P, Catanese, JJ, Osoegawa, K, Shizuya, H, Choi, S, Chen, YJ, and Szustakowki, J

Subjects
Genetics, Cancer genome sequencing, Chimpanzee genome project, Multidisciplinary, Cancer Genome Project, Gene density, DNA sequencing theory, Hybrid genome assembly, Computational biology, Biology, Genome, Personal genomics
Abstract

The human genome holds an extraordinary trove of information about human development, physiology, medicine and evolution. Here we report the results of an international collaboration to produce and make freely available a draft sequence of the human genome. We also present an initial analysis of the data, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the sequence.

Published
2016

16. Complete elucidation of a minimal class I MHC natural killer cell receptor haplotype

Author

Goulet Ml, Dewar K, Leveque G, Stephen K. Anderson, and Andrew P. Makrigiannis

Subjects
Pseudogene, Molecular Sequence Data, Immunology, Biology, Major histocompatibility complex, Natural killer cell, Evolution, Molecular, Mice, Immune system, Gene cluster, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Antigens, Ly, Lectins, C-Type, Receptors, Immunologic, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Mice, Inbred BALB C, Base Sequence, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, Haplotype, Exons, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Killer Cells, Natural, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Transplantation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Haplotypes, Multigene Family, Cytomegalovirus Infections, biology.protein, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A, Pseudogenes, Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like
Abstract

The BALB/c inbred mouse is widely used in models of infectious disease, transplantation, and cancer. The differences in the immune responses of BALB/c compared to C57BL/6 mice are especially valuable for the identification of immune regulation genes. One striking immune variance between these mice is in the function of natural killer (NK) cells, and there is strong evidence implicating differential expression of Ly49 genes. In this study, the complete BALB/c Ly49 gene cluster has been sequenced and found to contain six functional genes and two pseudogenes. Compared to C57BL/6 mice, there is a 200 kb region absent in the BALB/c cluster including a complete lack of Ly49h-related genes, which explains the increased susceptibility of BALB/c to cytomegalovirus infection. In addition, there is no BALB/c Ly49d allele, explaining the inability of BALB/c NK cells to kill certain tumor cells. The Ly49 region has now been sequenced in three different inbred mouse strains, and comparisons indicate that the evolution of each haplotype is not straightforward and has involved large-scale deletions/insertions, gene recombination, and unequal crossing over between divergent haplotypes. This study confirms that relatively small murine class I MHC receptor haplotypes exist, analogous to observations made of human killer cell Ig-like receptor gene haplotypes.

Published
2005

17. Direct sequence comparison of two divergent class I MHC natural killer cell receptor haplotypes

Author

Andrew P. Makrigiannis, Dewar K, Patel D, Stephen K. Anderson, and Goulet Ml

Subjects
Genetics, biology, Pseudogene, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, Molecular Sequence Data, Immunology, Haplotype, Genetic Variation, Major histocompatibility complex, Genome, Killer Cells, Natural, Haplotypes, Multigene Family, Genetic variation, Gene duplication, biology.protein, Antigens, Ly, Gene family, Lectins, C-Type, Amino Acid Sequence, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like
Abstract

The murine Ly49 gene family encoding natural killer cell receptors for class I MHC is an example of a rapidly evolving cluster of immune response genes. Determining the genomic sequence of the 129S6/SvEvTac (129S6) Ly49 cluster and comparing it to the known sequence of the C57BL/6 (B6) region provided insight into the mechanisms of Ly49 gene evolution. 129S6 contains 20 Ly49, many of which are pseudogenes and 40% of the genes have no counterpart in the B6 genome. The difference in gene content between these two strains is primarily the result of distinct patterns of gene duplication. Phylogenetic analyses of individual exons showed that Ly49 genes form distinct sub-families and an ancestral haplotype can be surmised. Dotplot analysis supports limited allelism in the two haplotypes; however, large regions of variation punctuate these islands of co-linearity. These variable regions contain a high concentration of repetitive elements that are predicted to contribute to the dynamic evolution of this cluster. The extreme variation in Ly49 haplotype content between mouse strains provides a genetic explanation for the documented differences in natural killer cell phenotype, and also indicates that differences in natural killer cell function observed between B6 and 129-derived gene-targeted mice should be interpreted with caution.

Published
2005

20. Structure and evolution of genomic duplications in 15q11-q13

Author

Locke, D.P., Yavor, A.M., Lehoczky, J., Chang, J., Dewar, K., Zhao, S., Nicholls, R.D., Schwartz, S., and Eichler, E.E.

Subjects
Genetic disorders -- Research, Genomes -- Analysis, Prader-Willi syndrome -- Genetic aspects, Biological sciences
Published
2001

22. DSRG Metagenomics Study: Next-Generation Techniques and Data Analysis

Author

Albert, I., Wright, C., Attiya, S., Bintzler, D., Bodi, K., Bruns, M., Dewar, K., Gloor, G., Grills, G., Johnson, T., Juretic, N., Kieleczawa, J., Lyons, R. H., Mehrotra, S., Perera, A. G., Singh, S., Steen, R., Tarrier, B., Thimmapuram, J., Vincent, C., Zianni, M., and Grove, Deborah

Subjects
Scientific Poster Abstracts
Abstract

Next-generation sequencing has vastly changed the processes associated with metagenomic research and there is a current rush of scientific studies in this field. However, although much has been published, there are still many unanswered questions. In this DSRG study we aim to answer some of the larger questions by evaluating different DNA extraction methods and comparing two platforms, the Roche/454 and the Illumina next-generation systems. Here, we present initial results from two community samples using one extraction method. We examined both 16S and whole genome DNA samples from each and sequenced all samples on the two next-generation platforms. We detail the different analysis methods used to evaluate the sequence data off these platforms and show how the platforms perform comparatively. Future goals of the study will also be highlighted with results helping to establish preferred experimental and technical strategies for metagenomic analysis studies.

Published
2012

24. A Methodology Study for Metagenomics Using Next Generation Sequencers

Author

Thimmapuram, J., Wright, C., Albert, I., Attiya, S., Bintzler, D., Bodi, K., Bruns, M., Dewar, K., Gloor, G., Grills, G., Johnson, T., Juretic, N., Kieleczawa, J., Lyons, R.H., Mehrotra, S., Perera, A.G., Singh, S., Steen, R., Tarrier, B., Vincent, C., Zianni, M., and Grove, Deborah

Subjects
Research Groups Presentation Abstracts
Abstract

Metagenomic studies have benefited immensely from next-generation sequencing. However, although much has been published, there are still many unanswered questions. In this DSRG study we aim to answer some of the larger questions by evaluating different DNA extraction methods and comparing two platforms, the Roche/454 and theIllumina next-generation systems. We are using differentanalysis methods to evaluate the sequence data off these platforms in order to determine how the method and/or platform performs comparatively, as well as to establish arecommended analysis pipeline for future users. The results should help establish preferred experimental and technical strategies for gene prediction and determination of biodiversity within microbial communities.

Published
2012

25. A Methodology Study for Metagenomics Using Next Generation Sequencers

Author

Albert I, Bintzler D, Bodi K, Bruns M, Dewar K, Gloor G, Johnson T, Kieleczawa J, Rh, Lyons, Thomas neubert, Ag, Perera, Singh S, Steen R, Zianni M, and Grove D

Subjects
Poster Session Abstracts
Abstract

Metagenomics is one of several genomics applications, which has benefited immensely from the high throughput and cost efficacy of Next Generation sequencers. And although hundreds of studies on metagenome analysis have been published over the past few years, the methodology for conducting them is still very much evolving. In this DSRG study we will evaluate the influence of various sample preparation methods, specifically DNA extraction and amplification approaches, on data output along with a comparative analysis of Next Generation sequencing platforms. We will study the effect of these different experimental and technical strategies on determination of sample biodiversity.

Published
2011

28. The amphioxus Hox cluster: Characterization, comparative genomics, and evolution

Author

Amemiya, C.T., Prohaska, S.J., Hill-Force, A., Cook, A., Wasserscheid, J., Ferrier, D.E.K., Pascual-Anaya, J., Garcia-Fernandez, J., Dewar, K., Stadler, P.F., and Publica

Abstract

The amphioxus Hox cluster is often viewed as "archetypal" for the chordate lineage. Here, we present a descriptive account of the 448 kb region spanning the Hox cluster of the amphioxus Branchiostoma floridae from Hox14 to Hox1. We provide complete coding sequences of all 14 previously described amphioxus sequences and give a detailed analysis of the conserved noncoding regulatory sequence elements. We find that the posterior part of the Hox cluster is so highly derived that even the complete genomic sequence is insufficient to decide whether the posterior Hox genes arose by independent duplications or whether they are true orthologs of the corresponding gnathostome paralog groups. In contrast, the anterior region is much better conserved. The amphioxus Hox cluster strongly excludes repetitive elements with the exception of two repeat islands in the posterior region. Repeat exclusion is also observed in gnathostomes, but not protostome Hox clusters. We thus hypothesize that the much shorter vertebrate Hox clusters are the result of extensive resolution of the redundancy of regulatory DNA after the genome duplications rather than the consequence of a selection pressure to remove nonfunctional sequence from the Hox cluster.

Published
2008

30. An atlas of over 90.000 conserved noncoding sequences provides insight into crucifer regulatory regions

Author

Haudry, A., Platts, A.E., Vello, E., Hoen, D.R., Leclerq, M., Williamson, R.J., Forczek, E., Joly-Lopez, Z., Steffen, J.G., Hazzouri, K.M., Dewar, K., Stinchcombe, J.R., Schoen, D.J., Wang, X., Schmutz, J., Town, C.D., Edger, P.P., Pires, J.C., Schumaker, K.S., Jarvis, D.E., Mandakova, T., Lysak, M., van den Bergh, E., Schranz, M.E., Harrison, P.M., Haudry, A., Platts, A.E., Vello, E., Hoen, D.R., Leclerq, M., Williamson, R.J., Forczek, E., Joly-Lopez, Z., Steffen, J.G., Hazzouri, K.M., Dewar, K., Stinchcombe, J.R., Schoen, D.J., Wang, X., Schmutz, J., Town, C.D., Edger, P.P., Pires, J.C., Schumaker, K.S., Jarvis, D.E., Mandakova, T., Lysak, M., van den Bergh, E., Schranz, M.E., and Harrison, P.M.

Abstract

Despite the central importance of noncoding DNA to gene regulation and evolution, understanding of the extent of selection on plant noncoding DNA remains limited compared to that of other organisms. Here we report sequencing of genomes from three Brassicaceae species (Leavenworthia alabamica, Sisymbrium irio and Aethionema arabicum) and their joint analysis with six previously sequenced crucifer genomes. Conservation across orthologous bases suggests that at least 17% of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome is under selection, with nearly one-quarter of the sequence under selection lying outside of coding regions. Much of this sequence can be localized to approximately 90,000 conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs) that show evidence of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. Population genomics analyses of two crucifer species, A. thaliana and Capsella grandiflora, confirm that most of the identified CNSs are evolving under medium to strong purifying selection. Overall, these CNSs highlight both similarities and several key differences between the regulatory DNA of plants and other species.

Published
2013

31. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome

Author

Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Ctr Genome Res, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, Sanger Ctr, Hinxton CB10 1RQ, Cambs, England, Washington Univ, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA, US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA, Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA, Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA, Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Mol Genet, Bronx, NY 10461 USA, Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77225 USA, RIKEN, Genom Sci Ctr, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Genoscope, F-91057 Evry, France, CNRS, UMR 8030, F-91057 Evry, France, Genome Therapeut Corp, GTC Sequencing Ctr, Waltham, MA 02453 USA, Inst Mol Biotechnol, Dept Genome Anal, D-07745 Jena, Germany, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet, Ctr Human Genome, Beijing Genom Inst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China, So China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, No China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Beijing 100176, Peoples R China, Inst Syst Biol, Multimegabase Sequencing Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA, Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA, Stanford Univ, Stanford Human Genome Ctrr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA, Univ Washington, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA, Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Mol, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan, Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA, Univ Oklahoma, Adv Ctr Genome Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norman, OK 73019 USA, Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Lita Annenberg Hazen Genome Ctr, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA, GBF, German Res Ctr Biotechnol, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany, NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA, Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, EMBL, European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England, Max Delbruck Ctr Mol Med, D-13125 Berlin, Germany, MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Affymetrix Inc, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA, RIKEN, Yokoham Inst, Genom Sci Ctr, Genom Explorat Res Grp, Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Genet, Smurfit Inst, Dublin 2, Ireland, Compaq Comp Corp, Cambridge Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, MIT, Genome Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Math, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Weizmann Inst Sci, Crown Human Genet Ctr, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel, Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept 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Abstract

The human genome holds an extraordinary trove of information about human development, physiology, medicine and evolution. Here we report the results of an international collaboration to produce and make freely available a draft sequence of the human genome. We also present an initial analysis of the data, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the sequence.

Published
2009

33. Systems Biology of the Vervet Monkey

Author

Jasinska, A. J., primary, Schmitt, C. A., additional, Service, S. K., additional, Cantor, R. M., additional, Dewar, K., additional, Jentsch, J. D., additional, Kaplan, J. R., additional, Turner, T. R., additional, Warren, W. C., additional, Weinstock, G. M., additional, Woods, R. P., additional, and Freimer, N. B., additional

Published
2013
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42. High chromium structural steel sections.

Author

Dewar K., International deep mining conference Johannesburg 17-Sep-9021-Sep-90, Dewar K., and International deep mining conference Johannesburg 17-Sep-9021-Sep-90

Abstract

With the increasing costs of labour and downtime in the mining industry, the corrosion of underground steelwork will become extremely costly to repair or replace. The development of structural steel sections in a high chromium corrosion-resistant steel is outlined, together with the properties expected and some of the areas of application., With the increasing costs of labour and downtime in the mining industry, the corrosion of underground steelwork will become extremely costly to repair or replace. The development of structural steel sections in a high chromium corrosion-resistant steel is outlined, together with the properties expected and some of the areas of application.

Published
1990

45. Ethnic differences in catechol O-methyltransferase pharmacogenetics

Author

Dewar K, A. A. Indalo, Ismo Ulmanen, Ann-Christine Syvänen, Sludden J, Jessie Githanga, Howard L. McLeod, and Ismail D

Subjects
Genetics, education.field_of_study, Methionine, Catechol-O-methyl transferase, fungi, Population, Biology, behavioral disciplines and activities, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, mental disorders, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Allele, Thermolabile, education, Allele frequency, Genotyping, Pharmacogenetics
Abstract

Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inactivates neurotransmitters, hormones and drugs such as levodopa. COMT activity is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and individuals with low activity have thermolabile COMT protein. A low activity allele has been demonstrated at codon 108/158 of the soluble and membrane bound COMT protein, respectively, whereby a G to A transition results in a valine to methionine substitution, rendering the protein more thermolabile. As ethnic differences in erythrocyte COMT activity have been previously demonstrated, the frequency of low activity alleles were investigated in 265 British Caucasian, 99 British South-west Asian and 102 Kenyan individuals. Genotyping of COMT codon 108/158 was performed using a minisequencing method. Erythrocyte COMT activity was measured in 60 British Caucasian individuals by radiochemical assay. The frequency of low activity alleles was 0.54 in Caucasians, 0.49 in South-west Asians, and 0.32 in Kenyans. There was a much lower frequency of individuals with homozygous low activity allele in the Kenyan population (9%) than in Caucasians (31%) or South-west Asians (27%). Erythrocyte COMT activity was lower and less thermostable in individuals with homozygous low activity alleles. The data provide molecular evidence that low COMT is less common in African individuals than the Caucasian population.

Published
1998

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