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1. A sex-inducing pheromone triggers cell cycle arrest and mate attraction in the diatom Seminavis robusta

Author

Moeys, S., Frenkel, J., Lembke, C., Gillard, J., Devos, V., Van den Berge, K., Bouillon, B., Huysman, M.J.J., De Decker, S., Scharf, J., Bones, A., Brembu, T., Winge, P., Sabbe, K., Vuylsteke, M., Clement, L., De Veylder, L., Pohnert, G., and Vyverman, W.

Subjects
fungi
Abstract

Although sexual reproduction is believed to play a major role in the high diversification rates and species richness of diatoms, a mechanistic understanding of diatom life cycle control is virtually lacking. Diatom sexual signalling is controlled by a complex, yet largely unknown, pheromone system. Here, a sex-inducing pheromone (SIP+) of the benthic pennate diatom Seminavis robusta was identified by comparative metabolomics, subsequently purified, and physicochemically characterized. Transcriptome analysis revealed that SIP+ triggers the switch from mitosis-to-meiosis in the opposing mating type, coupled with the transcriptional induction of proline biosynthesis genes, and the release of the proline-derived attraction pheromone. The induction of cell cycle arrest by a pheromone, chemically distinct from the one used to attract the opposite mating type, highlights the existence of a sophisticated mechanism to increase chances of mate finding, while keeping the metabolic losses associated with the release of an attraction pheromone to a minimum.

Published
2016

3. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial

Author

Ederle, J., Dobson, J., Featherstone, R. L., Bonati, L. H., Worp, H. B., Borst, G. J., Lo, T. H., Gaines, P., Dorman, P. J., Macdonald, S., Lyrer, P. A., Hendriks, J. M., Mccollum, C., Nederkoorn, P. J., Brown, M. M., Algra, A., Bamford, J., Beard, J., Bland, M., Bradbury, A. W., Clifton, A., Hacke, W., Halliday, A., Malik, I., Mas, J. L., Mcguire, A. J., Sidhu, P., Venables, G., Bradbury, A., Collins, R., Molynewc, A., Naylor, R., Warlow, C., Ferro, J. M., Thomas, D., Coward, L., Featherstone, R. F., Tindall, H., Mccabe, D. J. H., Wallis, A., Brooks, M., Chambers, B., Chan, A., Chu, P., Clark, D., Dewey, H., Donnan, G., Fell, G., Hoare, M., Molan, M., Roberts, A., Roberts, N., Beiles, B., Bladin, C., Clifford, C., Grigg, M., New, G., Bell, R., Bower, S., Chong, W., Holt, M., Saunder, A., Than, P. G., Gett, S., Leggett, D., Mcgahan, T., Quinn, J., Ray, M., Wong, A., Woodruff, P., Foreman, R., Schultz, D., Scroop, R., Stanley, B., Allard, B., Atkinson, N., Cambell, W., Davies, S., Field, P., Milne, P., Mitchell, P., Tress, B., Yan, B., Beasley, A., Dunbabin, D., Stary, D., Walker, S., Cras, P., D Archambeau, O., Hendriks, J. M. H., Schil, P., Bosiers, M., Deloose, K., Buggenhout, E., Letter, J., Devos, V., Ghekiere, J., Vanhooren, G., Astarci, P., Hammer, F., Lacroix, V., Peters, A., Verhelst, R., Dejaegher, L., Peeters, A., Verbist, J., Blair, J. F., Caron, J. L., Daneault, M., Giroux, M. F., Guilbert, F., Lanthier, S., Lebrun, L. H., Oliva, V., Raymond, J., Roy, D., Soulez, G., Weill, A., Hill, M., Hu, W., Hudion, M., Morrish, W., Sutherland, G., Wong, J., Alback, A., Harno, H., Ijas, P., Kaste, M., Lepantalo, M., Mustanoja, S., Paananen, T., Porras, M., Puutala, J., Railo, M., Sairanen, T., Soinne, L., Vehmas, A., Vikatmaa, P., Goertler, M., Halloul, Z., Skalej, M., Brennan, P., Kelly, C., Leahy, A., Moroney, J., Thornton, J., Koelemay, M. J. W., Reekers, J. A. A., Roos, Y. B. W. E. M., Koudstaal, P. J., Pattynama, P. M. T., Lugt, A., Dijk, L. C., Sambeek, L. R. H. M., Urk, H., Verhargen, H. J. M., Bruininckx, C. M. A., Bruijn, S. F., Keunen, R., Knippenberg, B., Mosch, A., Treurniet, F., Dijk, L., Overhagen, H., Wever, J., Beer, F. C., Den Berg, J. S. P., Hasselt, B. A. A. M., Zeilstra, D. J., Boiten, J., Otterloo, J. C. A. D., Vries, A. C., Nieholt, G. J. L. A., Kallen, B. F. W., Blankensteijn, J. D., Leeuw, F. E., Kool, L. J. S., Vliet, J. A., Kort, G. A. P., Kapelle, L. J., Mali, W. P. T. M., Moll, F., Verhagen, H., Barber, P. A., Bourchier, R., Hill, A., Holden, A., Stewart, J., Bakke, S. J., Krohg-Sorensen, K., Skjelland, M., Tennoe, B., Bialek, P., Biejat, Z., Czepiel, W., Czlonkowska, A., Dowzenko, A., Jedrzejewska, J., Kobayashi, A., Lelek, M., Polanski, J., Kirbis, J., Milosevic, Z., Zvan, B., Vasco, J., Blasco, J., Chamorro, A., Macho, J., Obach, V., Riambau, V., San Roman, L., Branera, J., Canovas, D., Estela, J., Gaibar, A. G., Perendreu, J., Bjorses, K., Gottsater, A., Ivancev, K., Maetzsch, T., Sonesson, B., Berg, B., Delle, M., Formgren, J., Gillgren, P., Kall, T. B., Konrad, P., Nyman, N., Takolander, R., Andersson, T., Malmstedt, A., Soderman, M., Wahlgren, C., Wahlgren, N., Binaghi, S., Hirt, L., Michel, P., Ruchat, P., Engelter, S. T., Fluri, F., Guerke, L., Jacob, A. L., Kirsch, E., Radue, E. W., Stierli, P., Wasner, M., Wetznel, S., Bonvin, C., Kalangos, A., Lovblad, K., Murith, N., Ruefenacht, D., Sztajzel, R., Higgins, N., Kirkpatrick, P. J., Martin, P., Adam, D., Bell, J., Crowe, P., Gannon, M., Henderson, M. J., Sandler, D., Shinton, R. A., Scriven, J. M., Wilmink, T., D Souza, S., Egun, A., Guta, R., Punekar, S., Seriki, D. M., Thomson, G., Brennan, A., Enevoldson, T. P., Gilling-Smith, G., Gould, D. A., Harris, P. L., Mcwilliams, R. G., Nasser, H. C., White, R., Prakash, K. G., Serracino-Inglott, F., Subramanian, G., Smyth, J. V., Walker, M. G., Clarke, M., Davis, M., Dixit, S. A., Dolman, P., Dyker, A., Ford, G., Golkar, A., Jackson, R., Jayakrishnan, V., Lambert, D., Lees, T., Louw, S., Mendelow, A. D., Rodgers, H., Rose, J., Stansby, G., Wyatt, M., Baker, T., Baldwin, N., Jones, L., Mitchell, D., Munro, E., Thornton, M., Baker, D., Davis, N., Hamilton, G., Mccabe, D., Platts, A., Tibballs, J., Cleveland, T., Dodd, D., Lonsdale, R., Nair, R., Nassef, A., Nawaz, S., Belli, A., Cloud, G., Markus, H., Mcfarland, R., Morgan, R., Pereira, A., Thompson, A., Chataway, J., Cheshire, N., Gibbs, R., Hammady, M., Jenkins, M., Wolfe, J., Adiseshiah, M., Bishop, C., Brew, S., Brookes, J., Jager, R., Kitchen, N., Ashleigh, R., Butterfield, S., Gamble, G. E., Nasim, A., O Neill, P., Edwards, R. D., Lees, K. R., Mackay, A. J., Moss, J., Rogers, P., Developmental Genetics, International Carotid Stenting Study, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Neurology, Surgery, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and ANS - Amsterdam Neuroscience

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, SURGERY, medicine.medical_treatment, Carotid endarterectomy, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Neuroinformatics [DCN 3], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Angioplasty, medicine, Humans, Carotid Stenosis, cardiovascular diseases, ANGIOPLASTY, Stroke, Endarterectomy, Aged, Endarterectomy, Carotid, Intention-to-treat analysis, Cardiovascular diseases [NCEBP 14], business.industry, Stent, General Medicine, Interim analysis, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Surgery, Female, Stents, Human medicine, Carotid stenting, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Angioplasty, Balloon
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 88112.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) BACKGROUND: Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy. METHODS: The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470. FINDINGS: The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4.0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3.2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% CI 0.77-2.11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8.5% in the stenting group compared with 5.2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1.69, 1.16-2.45, p=0.006). Risks of any stroke (65 vs 35 events; HR 1.92, 1.27-2.89) and all-cause death (19 vs seven events; HR 2.76, 1.16-6.56) were higher in the stenting group than in the endarterectomy group. Three procedural myocardial infarctions were recorded in the stenting group, all of which were fatal, compared with four, all non-fatal, in the endarterectomy group. There was one event of cranial nerve palsy in the stenting group compared with 45 in the endarterectomy group. There were also fewer haematomas of any severity in the stenting group than in the endarterectomy group (31 vs 50 events; p=0.0197). INTERPRETATION: Completion of long-term follow-up is needed to establish the efficacy of carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy. In the meantime, carotid endarterectomy should remain the treatment of choice for patients suitable for surgery. FUNDING: Medical Research Council, the Stroke Association, Sanofi-Synthelabo, European Union.

Published
2010
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5. Physiological and transcriptomic evidence for a close coupling between chloroplast ontogeny and cell cycle progression in the pennate diatom Seminavis robusta

Author

Gillard, J., Devos, V., Huysman, M.J.J., De Veylder, L., D’Hondt, S., Martens, C., Vanormelingen, P., Vannerum, K., Sabbe, K., Chepurnov, V.A., Inzé, D., Vuylsteke, M., and Vyverman, W.

Subjects
fungi
Abstract

Despite the growing interest in diatom genomics, detailed time series of gene expression in relation to key cellular processes are still lacking. Here, we investigated the relationships between the cell cycle and chloroplast development in the pennate diatom Seminavis robusta. This diatom possesses two chloroplasts with a well-orchestrated developmental cycle, common to many pennate diatoms. By assessing the effects of induced cell cycle arrest with microscopy and flow cytometry, we found that division and reorganization of the chloroplasts are initiated only after S-phase progression. Next, we quantified the expression of the S. robusta FtsZ homolog to address the division status of chloroplasts during synchronized growth and monitored microscopically their dynamics in relation to nuclear division and silicon deposition. We show that chloroplasts divide and relocate during the S/G2 phase, after which a girdle band is deposited to accommodate cell growth. Synchronized cultures of two genotypes were subsequently used for a cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism-based genome-wide transcript profiling, in which 917 reproducibly modulated transcripts were identified. We observed that genes involved in pigment biosynthesis and coding for light-harvesting proteins were up-regulated during G2/M phase and cell separation. Light and cell cycle progression were both found to affect fucoxanthin-chlorophyll a/c-binding protein expression and accumulation of fucoxanthin cell content. Because chloroplasts elongate at the stage of cytokinesis, cell cycle-modulated photosynthetic gene expression and synthesis of pigments in concert with cell division might balance chloroplast growth, which confirms that chloroplast biogenesis in S. robusta is tightly regulated.

Published
2008

6. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Author

Giroux M.-F., Prakash K.G., Serracino-Inglott F., Subramanian G., Symth J.V., Walker M.G., Clarke M., Davis M., Dixit S.A., Dorman P., Dyker A., Ford G., Golkar A., Jackson R., Jayakrishnan V., Lambert D., Lees T., Louw S., Mendelow A.D., Rodgers H., Rose J., Stansby G., Wyatt M., Baker T., Baldwin N., Jones L., Mitchell D., Munro E., Thornton M., Baker D., Davis N., Hamilton G., Platts A., Tibballs J., Beard J., Cleveland T., Dodd D., Gaines P., Lonsdale R., Nair R., Nassef A., Nawaz S., Venables G., Belli A., Clifton A., Cloud G., Halliday A., Markus H., McFarland R., Morgan R., Pereira A., Thompson A., Chataway J., Cheshire N., Gibbs R., Hammady M., Jenkins M., Malik I., Wolfe J., Adiseshiah M., Bishop C., Brew S., Brookes J., Jager R., Kitchen N., Ashleigh R., Butterfield S., Gamble G.E., Nasim A., O'Neill P., Wong J., Edwards R.D., Lees K.R., MacKay A.J., Moss J., Rogers P., Ederle J., Dobson J., Featherstone R.L., Bonati L.H., van der Worp H.B., de Borst G.J., Hauw Lo T., Dorman P.J., Macdonald S., Lyrer P.A., McCollum C., Nederkoorn P.J., Brown M.M., Algra A., Bamford J., Bland M., Hacke W., Mas J.L., McGuire A.J., Sidhu P., Bradbury A., Collins R., Molyneux A., Naylor R., Warlow C., Ferro M., Thomas D., Featherstone R.F., Tindall H., McCabe D., Wallis A., Coward L., Brooks M., Chambers B., Chan A., Chu P., Clark D., Dewey H., Donnan G., Fell G., Hoare M., Molan M., Roberts A., Roberts N., Beiles B., Bladin C., Clifford C., Grigg M., New G., Bell R., Bower S., Chong W., Holt M., Saunder A., Than P.G., Gett S., Leggett D., McGahan T., Quinn J., Ray M., Wong A., Woodruff P., Foreman R., Schultz D., Scroop R., Stanley B., Allard B., Atkinson N., Cambell W., Davies S., Field P., Milne P., Mitchell P., Tress B., Yan B., Beasley A., Dunbabin D., Stary D., Walker S., Cras P., d'Archambeau O., Hendriks J.M.H., Van Schil P., Bosiers M., Deloose K., van Buggenhout E., De Letter J., Devos V., Ghekiere J., Vanhooren G., Astarci P., Hammer F., Lacroix V., Verhelst R., DeJaegher L., Peeters A., Verbist J., Blair J.-F., Caron J.L., Daneault N., Guilbert F., Lanthier S., Lebrun L.-H., Oliva V., Raymond J., Roy D., Soulez G., Weill A., Hill M., Hu W., Hudion M., Morrish W., Sutherland G., Alback A., Harno H., Ijas P., Kaste M., Lepantalo M., Mustanoja S., Paananen T., Porras M., Putaala J., Railo M., Sairanen T., Soinne L., Vehmas A., Vikatmaa P., Goertler M., Halloul Z., Skalej M., Brennan P., Kelly C., Leahy A., Moroney J., Thornton J., Koelemay M.J.W., Reekers J.A.A., Roos Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks J.M., Koudstaal P.J., Pattynama P.M.T., van der Lugt A., van Dijk L.C., van Sambeek M.R.H.M., van Urk H., Verhagen H.J.M., Bruijninckx C.M.A., de Bruijn S.F., Keunen R., Knippenberg B., Mosch A., Treurniet F., van Dijk L., van Overhagen H., Wever J., de Beer F.C., van den Berg J.S.P., van Hasselt B.A.A.M., Zeilstra D.J., Boiten J., de Mol van Otterloo J.C.A., de Vries A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt G.J., van der Kallen B.F.W., Blankensteijn J.D., De Leeuw F.E., Schultze Kool L.J., van der Vliet J.A., de Kort G.A.P., Kapelle L.J., Lo T.H., Mali W.P.T.M., Moll F., Verhagen H., Barber P.A., Bourchier R., Hill A., Holden A., Stewart J., Bakke S.J., Krohg-Sorensen K., Skjelland M., Tennoe B., Bialek P., Biejat Z., Czepiel W., Czlonkowska A., Dowzenko A., Jedrzejewska J., Kobayashi A., Lelek M., Polanski J., Kirbis J., Milosevic Z., Zvan B., Blasco J., Chamorro A., Macho J., Obach V., Riambau V., San Roman L., Branera J., Canovas D., Estela J., Gimenez Gaibar A., Perendreu J., Bjorses K., Gottsater A., Ivancev K., Maetzsch T., Sonesson B., Berg B., Delle M., Formgren J., Gillgren P., Kall T.-B., Konrad P., Nyman N., Takolander R., Andersson T., Malmstedt J., Soderman M., Wahlgren C., Wahlgren N., Binaghi S., Hirt L., Michel P., Ruchat P., Engelter S.T., Fluri F., Guerke L., Jacob A.L., Kirsch E., Radue E.-W., Stierli P., Wasner M., Wetzel S., Bonvin C., Kalangos A., Lovblad K., Murith N., Ruefenacht D., Sztajzel R., Higgins N., Kirkpatrick P.J., Martin P., Adam D., Bell J., Bradbury A.W., Crowe P., Gannon M., Henderson M.J., Sandler D., Shinton R.A., Scriven J.M., Wilmink T., D'Souza S., Egun A., Guta R., Punekar S., Seriki D.M., Thomson G., Brennan J.A., Enevoldson T.P., Gilling-Smith G., Gould D.A., Harris P.L., McWilliams R.G., Nasser H.-C., White R., Giroux M.-F., Prakash K.G., Serracino-Inglott F., Subramanian G., Symth J.V., Walker M.G., Clarke M., Davis M., Dixit S.A., Dorman P., Dyker A., Ford G., Golkar A., Jackson R., Jayakrishnan V., Lambert D., Lees T., Louw S., Mendelow A.D., Rodgers H., Rose J., Stansby G., Wyatt M., Baker T., Baldwin N., Jones L., Mitchell D., Munro E., Thornton M., Baker D., Davis N., Hamilton G., Platts A., Tibballs J., Beard J., Cleveland T., Dodd D., Gaines P., Lonsdale R., Nair R., Nassef A., Nawaz S., Venables G., Belli A., Clifton A., Cloud G., Halliday A., Markus H., McFarland R., Morgan R., Pereira A., Thompson A., Chataway J., Cheshire N., Gibbs R., Hammady M., Jenkins M., Malik I., Wolfe J., Adiseshiah M., Bishop C., Brew S., Brookes J., Jager R., Kitchen N., Ashleigh R., Butterfield S., Gamble G.E., Nasim A., O'Neill P., Wong J., Edwards R.D., Lees K.R., MacKay A.J., Moss J., Rogers P., Ederle J., Dobson J., Featherstone R.L., Bonati L.H., van der Worp H.B., de Borst G.J., Hauw Lo T., Dorman P.J., Macdonald S., Lyrer P.A., McCollum C., Nederkoorn P.J., Brown M.M., Algra A., Bamford J., Bland M., Hacke W., Mas J.L., McGuire A.J., Sidhu P., Bradbury A., Collins R., Molyneux A., Naylor R., Warlow C., Ferro M., Thomas D., Featherstone R.F., Tindall H., McCabe D., Wallis A., Coward L., Brooks M., Chambers B., Chan A., Chu P., Clark D., Dewey H., Donnan G., Fell G., Hoare M., Molan M., Roberts A., Roberts N., Beiles B., Bladin C., Clifford C., Grigg M., New G., Bell R., Bower S., Chong W., Holt M., Saunder A., Than P.G., Gett S., Leggett D., McGahan T., Quinn J., Ray M., Wong A., Woodruff P., Foreman R., Schultz D., Scroop R., Stanley B., Allard B., Atkinson N., Cambell W., Davies S., Field P., Milne P., Mitchell P., Tress B., Yan B., Beasley A., Dunbabin D., Stary D., Walker S., Cras P., d'Archambeau O., Hendriks J.M.H., Van Schil P., Bosiers M., Deloose K., van Buggenhout E., De Letter J., Devos V., Ghekiere J., Vanhooren G., Astarci P., Hammer F., Lacroix V., Verhelst R., DeJaegher L., Peeters A., Verbist J., Blair J.-F., Caron J.L., Daneault N., Guilbert F., Lanthier S., Lebrun L.-H., Oliva V., Raymond J., Roy D., Soulez G., Weill A., Hill M., Hu W., Hudion M., Morrish W., Sutherland G., Alback A., Harno H., Ijas P., Kaste M., Lepantalo M., Mustanoja S., Paananen T., Porras M., Putaala J., Railo M., Sairanen T., Soinne L., Vehmas A., Vikatmaa P., Goertler M., Halloul Z., Skalej M., Brennan P., Kelly C., Leahy A., Moroney J., Thornton J., Koelemay M.J.W., Reekers J.A.A., Roos Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks J.M., Koudstaal P.J., Pattynama P.M.T., van der Lugt A., van Dijk L.C., van Sambeek M.R.H.M., van Urk H., Verhagen H.J.M., Bruijninckx C.M.A., de Bruijn S.F., Keunen R., Knippenberg B., Mosch A., Treurniet F., van Dijk L., van Overhagen H., Wever J., de Beer F.C., van den Berg J.S.P., van Hasselt B.A.A.M., Zeilstra D.J., Boiten J., de Mol van Otterloo J.C.A., de Vries A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt G.J., van der Kallen B.F.W., Blankensteijn J.D., De Leeuw F.E., Schultze Kool L.J., van der Vliet J.A., de Kort G.A.P., Kapelle L.J., Lo T.H., Mali W.P.T.M., Moll F., Verhagen H., Barber P.A., Bourchier R., Hill A., Holden A., Stewart J., Bakke S.J., Krohg-Sorensen K., Skjelland M., Tennoe B., Bialek P., Biejat Z., Czepiel W., Czlonkowska A., Dowzenko A., Jedrzejewska J., Kobayashi A., Lelek M., Polanski J., Kirbis J., Milosevic Z., Zvan B., Blasco J., Chamorro A., Macho J., Obach V., Riambau V., San Roman L., Branera J., Canovas D., Estela J., Gimenez Gaibar A., Perendreu J., Bjorses K., Gottsater A., Ivancev K., Maetzsch T., Sonesson B., Berg B., Delle M., Formgren J., Gillgren P., Kall T.-B., Konrad P., Nyman N., Takolander R., Andersson T., Malmstedt J., Soderman M., Wahlgren C., Wahlgren N., Binaghi S., Hirt L., Michel P., Ruchat P., Engelter S.T., Fluri F., Guerke L., Jacob A.L., Kirsch E., Radue E.-W., Stierli P., Wasner M., Wetzel S., Bonvin C., Kalangos A., Lovblad K., Murith N., Ruefenacht D., Sztajzel R., Higgins N., Kirkpatrick P.J., Martin P., Adam D., Bell J., Bradbury A.W., Crowe P., Gannon M., Henderson M.J., Sandler D., Shinton R.A., Scriven J.M., Wilmink T., D'Souza S., Egun A., Guta R., Punekar S., Seriki D.M., Thomson G., Brennan J.A., Enevoldson T.P., Gilling-Smith G., Gould D.A., Harris P.L., McWilliams R.G., Nasser H.-C., and White R.

Abstract

Background: Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy. Method(s): The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470. Finding(s): The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4.0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3.2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% CI 0.77-2.11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8.5% in the stenting group compared with 5.2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1.69, 1.

Published
2010

7. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial

Author

Ederle, Jörg, Dobson, Joanna, Featherstone, Roland L., Bonati, Leo H., van der Worp, H. Bart, de Borst, Gert J., Hauw Lo, T., Gaines, Peter, Dorman, Paul J., Macdonald, Sumaira, Lyrer, Philippe A., Hendriks, Johanna M., McCollum, Charles, Nederkoorn, Paul J., Brown, Martin M., Algra, A., Bamford, J., Bland, M., Hacke, W., Mas, J.L., McGuire, A.J., Sidhu, P., Bradbury, A., Collins, R., Molyneux, A., Naylor, R., Warlow, C., Ferro, M., Thomas, D., Featherstone, R.F., Tindall, H., McCabe, D.J.H., Wallis, A., Coward, L., Brooks, M., Chambers, B., Chan, A., Chu, P., Clark, D., Dewey, H., Donnan, G., Fell, G., Hoare, M., Molan, M., Roberts, A., Roberts, N., Beiles, B., Bladin, C., Clifford, C., Grigg, M., New, G., Bell, R., Bower, S., Chong, W., Holt, M., Saunder, A., Than, P.G., Gett, S., Leggett, D., McGahan, T., Quinn, J., Ray, M., Wong, A., Woodruff, P., Foreman, R., Schultz, D., Scroop, R., Stanley, B., Allard, B., Atkinson, N., Cambell, W., Davies, S., Field, P., Milne, P., Mitchell, P., Tress, B., Yan, B., Beasley, A., Dunbabin, D., Stary, D., Walker, S., Cras, P., d'Archambeau, O., Hendriks, J.M.H., Van Schil, P., Bosiers, M., Deloose, K., van Buggenhout, E., De Letter, J., Devos, V., Ghekiere, J., Vanhooren, G., Astarci, P., Hammer, F., Lacroix, V., Peeters, A., Verhelst, R., DeJaegher, L., Verbist, J., Blair, J.-F., Caron, J.L., Daneault, N., Giroux, M.-F., Guilbert, F., Lanthier, S., Lebrun, L.-H., Oliva, V., Raymond, J., Roy, D., Soulez, G., Weill, A., Hill, M., Hu, W., Hudion, M., Morrish, W., Sutherland, G., Wong, J., Albäck, A., Harno, H., Ijäs, P., Kaste, M., Lepäntalo, M., Mustanoja, S., Paananen, T., Porras, M., Putaala, J., Railo, M., Sairanen, T., Soinne, L., Vehmas, A., Vikatmaa, P., Goertler, M., Halloul, Z., Skalej, M., Brennan, P., Kelly, C., Leahy, A., Moroney, J., Thornton, J., Koelemay, M.J.W., Reekers, J.A.A., Roos, Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks, J.M., Koudstaal, P.J., Pattynama, P.M.T., van der Lugt, A., van Dijk, L.C., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., van Urk, H., Verhagen, H.J.M., Bruijninckx, C.M.A., de Bruijn, S.F., Keunen, R., Knippenberg, B., Mosch, A., Treurniet, F., van Dijk, L., van Overhagen, H., Wever, J., de Beer, F.C., van den Berg, J.S.P., van Hasselt, B.A.A.M., Zeilstra, D.J., Boiten, J., de Mol van Otterloo, J.C.A., de Vries, A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt, G.J., van der Kallen, B.F.W., Blankensteijn, J.D., De Leeuw, F.E., Schultze Kool, L.J., van der Vliet, J.A., de Kort, G.A.P., Kapelle, L.J., Lo, T.H., Mali, W.P.T.M., Moll, F., Verhagen, H., Barber, P.A., Bourchier, R., Hill, A., Holden, A., Stewart, J., Bakke, S.J., Krohg-Sørensen, K., Skjelland, M., Tennøe, B., Bialek, P., Biejat, Z., Czepiel, W., Czlonkowska, A., Dowzenko, A., Jedrzejewska, J., Kobayashi, A., Lelek, M., Polanski, J., Kirbis, J., Milosevic, Z., Zvan, B., Blasco, J., Chamorro, A., Macho, J., Obach, V., Riambau, V., San Roman, L., Branera, J., Canovas, D., Estela, Jordi, Gimenez Gaibar, A., Perendreu, J., Björses, K., Gottsater, A., Ivancev, K., Maetzsch, T., Sonesson, B., Berg, B., Delle, M., Formgren, J., Gillgren, P., Kall, T.-B., Konrad, P., Nyman, N., Takolander, R., Andersson, T., Malmstedt, J., Soderman, M., Wahlgren, C., Wahlgren, N., Binaghi, S., Hirt, L., Michel, P., Ruchat, P., Engelter, S.T., Fluri, F., Guerke, L., Jacob, A.L., Kirsch, E., Radue, E.-W., Stierli, P., Wasner, M., Wetzel, S., Bonvin, C., Kalangos, A., Lovblad, K., Murith, N., Ruefenacht, D., Sztajzel, R., Higgins, N., Kirkpatrick, P.J., Martin, P., Adam, D., Bell, J., Bradbury, A.W., Crowe, P., Gannon, M., Henderson, M.J., Sandler, D., Shinton, R.A., Scriven, J.M., Wilmink, T., D'Souza, S., Egun, A., Guta, R., Punekar, S., Seriki, D.M., Thomson, G., Brennan, J.A., Enevoldson, T.P., Gilling-Smith, G., Gould, D.A., Harris, P.L., McWilliams, R.G., Nasser, H.-C., White, R., Prakash, K.G., Serracino-Inglott, F., Subramanian, G., Symth, J.V., Walker, M.G., Clarke, M., Davis, M., Dixit, S.A., Dorman, P., Dyker, A., Ford, G., Golkar, A., Jackson, R., Jayakrishnan, V., Lambert, D., Lees, T., Louw, S., Mendelow, A.D., Rodgers, H., Rose, J., Stansby, G., Wyatt, M., Baker, T., Baldwin, N., Jones, L., Mitchell, D., Munro, E., Thornton, M., Baker, D., Davis, N., Hamilton, G., McCabe, D., Platts, A., Tibballs, J., Beard, J., Cleveland, T., Dodd, D., Gaines, P., Lonsdale, R., Nair, R., Nassef, A., Nawaz, S., Venables, G., Belli, A., Clifton, A., Cloud, G., Halliday, A., Markus, H., McFarland, R., Morgan, R., Pereira, A., Thompson, A., Chataway, J., Cheshire, N., Gibbs, R., Hammady, M., Jenkins, M., Malik, I., Wolfe, J., Adiseshiah, M., Bishop, C., Brew, S., Brookes, J., Jäger, R., Kitchen, N., Ashleigh, R., Butterfield, S., Gamble, G.E., Nasim, A., O'Neill, P., Edwards, R.D., Lees, K.R., MacKay, A.J., Moss, J., Rogers, P., Ederle, Jörg, Dobson, Joanna, Featherstone, Roland L., Bonati, Leo H., van der Worp, H. Bart, de Borst, Gert J., Hauw Lo, T., Gaines, Peter, Dorman, Paul J., Macdonald, Sumaira, Lyrer, Philippe A., Hendriks, Johanna M., McCollum, Charles, Nederkoorn, Paul J., Brown, Martin M., Algra, A., Bamford, J., Bland, M., Hacke, W., Mas, J.L., McGuire, A.J., Sidhu, P., Bradbury, A., Collins, R., Molyneux, A., Naylor, R., Warlow, C., Ferro, M., Thomas, D., Featherstone, R.F., Tindall, H., McCabe, D.J.H., Wallis, A., Coward, L., Brooks, M., Chambers, B., Chan, A., Chu, P., Clark, D., Dewey, H., Donnan, G., Fell, G., Hoare, M., Molan, M., Roberts, A., Roberts, N., Beiles, B., Bladin, C., Clifford, C., Grigg, M., New, G., Bell, R., Bower, S., Chong, W., Holt, M., Saunder, A., Than, P.G., Gett, S., Leggett, D., McGahan, T., Quinn, J., Ray, M., Wong, A., Woodruff, P., Foreman, R., Schultz, D., Scroop, R., Stanley, B., Allard, B., Atkinson, N., Cambell, W., Davies, S., Field, P., Milne, P., Mitchell, P., Tress, B., Yan, B., Beasley, A., Dunbabin, D., Stary, D., Walker, S., Cras, P., d'Archambeau, O., Hendriks, J.M.H., Van Schil, P., Bosiers, M., Deloose, K., van Buggenhout, E., De Letter, J., Devos, V., Ghekiere, J., Vanhooren, G., Astarci, P., Hammer, F., Lacroix, V., Peeters, A., Verhelst, R., DeJaegher, L., Verbist, J., Blair, J.-F., Caron, J.L., Daneault, N., Giroux, M.-F., Guilbert, F., Lanthier, S., Lebrun, L.-H., Oliva, V., Raymond, J., Roy, D., Soulez, G., Weill, A., Hill, M., Hu, W., Hudion, M., Morrish, W., Sutherland, G., Wong, J., Albäck, A., Harno, H., Ijäs, P., Kaste, M., Lepäntalo, M., Mustanoja, S., Paananen, T., Porras, M., Putaala, J., Railo, M., Sairanen, T., Soinne, L., Vehmas, A., Vikatmaa, P., Goertler, M., Halloul, Z., Skalej, M., Brennan, P., Kelly, C., Leahy, A., Moroney, J., Thornton, J., Koelemay, M.J.W., Reekers, J.A.A., Roos, Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks, J.M., Koudstaal, P.J., Pattynama, P.M.T., van der Lugt, A., van Dijk, L.C., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., van Urk, H., Verhagen, H.J.M., Bruijninckx, C.M.A., de Bruijn, S.F., Keunen, R., Knippenberg, B., Mosch, A., Treurniet, F., van Dijk, L., van Overhagen, H., Wever, J., de Beer, F.C., van den Berg, J.S.P., van Hasselt, B.A.A.M., Zeilstra, D.J., Boiten, J., de Mol van Otterloo, J.C.A., de Vries, A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt, G.J., van der Kallen, B.F.W., Blankensteijn, J.D., De Leeuw, F.E., Schultze Kool, L.J., van der Vliet, J.A., de Kort, G.A.P., Kapelle, L.J., Lo, T.H., Mali, W.P.T.M., Moll, F., Verhagen, H., Barber, P.A., Bourchier, R., Hill, A., Holden, A., Stewart, J., Bakke, S.J., Krohg-Sørensen, K., Skjelland, M., Tennøe, B., Bialek, P., Biejat, Z., Czepiel, W., Czlonkowska, A., Dowzenko, A., Jedrzejewska, J., Kobayashi, A., Lelek, M., Polanski, J., Kirbis, J., Milosevic, Z., Zvan, B., Blasco, J., Chamorro, A., Macho, J., Obach, V., Riambau, V., San Roman, L., Branera, J., Canovas, D., Estela, Jordi, Gimenez Gaibar, A., Perendreu, J., Björses, K., Gottsater, A., Ivancev, K., Maetzsch, T., Sonesson, B., Berg, B., Delle, M., Formgren, J., Gillgren, P., Kall, T.-B., Konrad, P., Nyman, N., Takolander, R., Andersson, T., Malmstedt, J., Soderman, M., Wahlgren, C., Wahlgren, N., Binaghi, S., Hirt, L., Michel, P., Ruchat, P., Engelter, S.T., Fluri, F., Guerke, L., Jacob, A.L., Kirsch, E., Radue, E.-W., Stierli, P., Wasner, M., Wetzel, S., Bonvin, C., Kalangos, A., Lovblad, K., Murith, N., Ruefenacht, D., Sztajzel, R., Higgins, N., Kirkpatrick, P.J., Martin, P., Adam, D., Bell, J., Bradbury, A.W., Crowe, P., Gannon, M., Henderson, M.J., Sandler, D., Shinton, R.A., Scriven, J.M., Wilmink, T., D'Souza, S., Egun, A., Guta, R., Punekar, S., Seriki, D.M., Thomson, G., Brennan, J.A., Enevoldson, T.P., Gilling-Smith, G., Gould, D.A., Harris, P.L., McWilliams, R.G., Nasser, H.-C., White, R., Prakash, K.G., Serracino-Inglott, F., Subramanian, G., Symth, J.V., Walker, M.G., Clarke, M., Davis, M., Dixit, S.A., Dorman, P., Dyker, A., Ford, G., Golkar, A., Jackson, R., Jayakrishnan, V., Lambert, D., Lees, T., Louw, S., Mendelow, A.D., Rodgers, H., Rose, J., Stansby, G., Wyatt, M., Baker, T., Baldwin, N., Jones, L., Mitchell, D., Munro, E., Thornton, M., Baker, D., Davis, N., Hamilton, G., McCabe, D., Platts, A., Tibballs, J., Beard, J., Cleveland, T., Dodd, D., Gaines, P., Lonsdale, R., Nair, R., Nassef, A., Nawaz, S., Venables, G., Belli, A., Clifton, A., Cloud, G., Halliday, A., Markus, H., McFarland, R., Morgan, R., Pereira, A., Thompson, A., Chataway, J., Cheshire, N., Gibbs, R., Hammady, M., Jenkins, M., Malik, I., Wolfe, J., Adiseshiah, M., Bishop, C., Brew, S., Brookes, J., Jäger, R., Kitchen, N., Ashleigh, R., Butterfield, S., Gamble, G.E., Nasim, A., O'Neill, P., Edwards, R.D., Lees, K.R., MacKay, A.J., Moss, J., and Rogers, P.

Abstract

Background: Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy. Methods: The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470. Findings: The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4·0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3·2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1·28, 95% CI 0·77-2·11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8·5% in the stenting group compared with 5·2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1·69, 1·16-2

Published
2010

15. Bacillus anthracisDiversity in Kruger National Park

Author

Smith, K. L., DeVos, V., Bryden, H., Price, L. B., Hugh-Jones, M. E., and Keim, P.

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, has a recorded history of periodic anthrax epidemics causing widespread disease among wild animals. Bacillus anthracisis the causative agent of anthrax, a disease primarily affecting ungulate herbivores. Worldwide there is little diversity among B. anthracisisolates, but examination of variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci has identified six major clones, with the most dissimilar types split into the A and B branches. Both the A and B types are found in southern Africa, giving this region the greatest genetic diversity of B. anthracisworldwide. Consequently, southern Africa has been hypothesized to be the geographic origin of B. anthracis. In this study, we identify the genotypic types of 98 KNP B. anthracisisolates using multiple-locus VNTR analysis. Two major types are evident, the A branch and the B branch. The spatial and temporal distribution of the different genotypes indicates that anthrax epidemic foci are independent, though correlated through environmental cues. Kruger B isolates were found on significantly higher-calcium and higher-pH soils than were Kruger type A. This relationship between genotype and soil chemistry may be due to adaptive differences among divergent anthrax strains. While this association may be simply fortuitous, adaptation of A types to diverse environmental conditions is consistent with their greater geographic dispersal and genetic dissimilarity.

Published
2000
Full Text
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16. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial

Author

Ederle, J, Dobson, J, Featherstone, RL, Bonati, LH, van der Worp, HB, de Borst, GJ, Lo, TH, Gaines, P, Dorman, PJ, Macdonald, S, Lyrer, PA, Hendriks, JM, McCollum, C, Nederkoorn, PJ, Brown, MM, Algra, A, Bamford, J, Beard, J, Bland, M, Bradbury, AW, Clifton, A, Hacke, W, Halliday, A, Malik, I, Mas, JL, McGuire, AJ, Sidhu, P, Venables, G, Bradbury, A, Collins, R, Molynewc, A, Naylor, R, Warlow, C, Ferro, JM, Thomas, D, Coward, L, Featherstone, RF, Tindall, H, McCabe, DJH, Wallis, A, Brooks, M, Chambers, B, Chan, A, Chu, P, Clark, D, Dewey, H, Donnan, G, Fell, G, Hoare, M, Molan, M, Roberts, A, Roberts, N, Beiles, B, Bladin, C, Clifford, C, Grigg, M, New, G, Bell, R, Bower, S, Chong, W, Holt, M, Saunder, A, Than, PG, Gett, S, Leggett, D, McGahan, T, Quinn, J, Ray, M, Wong, A, Woodruff, P, Foreman, R, Schultz, D, Scroop, R, Stanley, B, Allard, B, Atkinson, N, Cambell, W, Davies, S, Field, P, Milne, P, Mitchell, P, Tress, B, Yan, B, Beasley, A, Dunbabin, D, Stary, D, Walker, S, Cras, P, d'Archambeau, O, Hendriks, JMH, Van Schil, P, Bosiers, M, Deloose, K, van Buggenhout, E, De Letter, J, Devos, V, Ghekiere, J, Vanhooren, G, Astarci, P, Hammer, F, Lacroix, V, Peeters, A, Verhelst, R, DeJaegher, L, Verbist, J, Blair, J-F, Caron, JL, Daneault, N, Giroux, M-F, Guilbert, F, Lanthier, S, Lebrun, L-H, Oliva, V, Raymond, J, Roy, D, Soulez, G, Weill, A, Hill, M, Hu, W, Hudion, M, Morrish, W, Sutherland, G, Wong, J, Alback, A, Harno, H, Ijas, P, Kaste, M, Lepantalo, M, Mustanoja, S, Paananen, T, Porras, M, Putaala, J, Railo, M, Sairanen, T, Soinne, L, Vehmas, A, Vikatmaa, P, Goertler, M, Halloul, Z, Skalej, M, Brennan, P, Kelly, C, Leahy, A, Moroney, J, Thornton, J, Koelemay, MJW, Reekers, JAA, Roos, YBWEM, Koudstaal, PJ, Pattynama, PMT, van der Lugt, A, van Dijk, LC, van Sambeek, MRHM, van Urk, H, Verhagen, HJM, Bruininckx, CMA, de Bruijn, SF, Keunen, R, Knippenberg, B, Mosch, A, Treurniet, F, van Dijk, L, van Overhagen, H, Wever, J, de Beer, FC, van den Berg, JSP, van Hasselt, BAAM, Zeilstra, DJ, Boiten, J, van Otterloo, JCADM, de Vries, AC, Nieholt, GJLA, van der Kallen, BFW, Blankensteijn, JD, De Leeuw, FE, Kool, LJS, van der Vliet, JA, de Kort, GAP, Kapelle, LJ, Mali, WPTM, Moll, F, Verhagen, H, Barber, PA, Bourchier, R, Hill, A, Holden, A, Stewart, J, Bakke, SJ, Krohg-Sorensen, K, Skjelland, M, Tennoe, B, Bialek, P, Biejat, Z, Czepiel, W, Czlonkowska, A, Dowzenko, A, Jedrzejewska, J, Kobayashi, A, Lelek, M, Polanski, J, Kirbis, J, Milosevic, Z, Zvan, B, Blasco, J, Chamorro, A, Macho, J, Obach, V, Riambau, V, San Roman, L, Branera, J, Canovas, D, Estela, J, Gimenez Gaibar, A, Perendreu, J, Bjorses, K, Gottsater, A, Ivancev, K, Maetzsch, T, Sonesson, B, Berg, B, Delle, M, Formgren, J, Gillgren, P, Kall, T-B, Konrad, P, Nyman, N, Takolander, R, Andersson, T, Malmstedt, J, Soderman, M, Wahlgren, C, Wahlgren, N, Binaghi, S, Hirt, L, Michel, P, Ruchat, P, Engelter, ST, Fluri, F, Guerke, L, Jacob, AL, Kirsch, E, Radue, E-W, Stierli, P, Wasner, M, Wetzel, S, Bonvin, C, Kalangos, A, Lovblad, K, Murith, N, Ruefenacht, D, Sztajzel, R, Higgins, N, Kirkpatrick, PJ, Martin, P, Adam, D, Bell, J, Crowe, P, Gannon, M, Henderson, MJ, Sandler, D, Shinton, RA, Scriven, JM, Wilmink, T, D'Souza, S, Egun, A, Guta, R, Punekar, S, Seriki, DM, Thomson, G, Brennan, A, Enevoldson, TP, Gilling-Smith, G, Gould, DA, Harris, PL, McWilliams, RG, Nasser, H-C, White, R, Prakash, KG, Serracino-Inglott, F, Subramanian, G, Symth, JV, Walker, MG, Clarke, M, Davis, M, Dixit, SA, Dolman, P, Dyker, A, Ford, G, Golkar, A, Jackson, R, Jayakrishnan, V, Lambert, D, Lees, T, Louw, S, Mendelow, AD, Rodgers, H, Rose, J, Stansby, G, Wyatt, M, Baker, T, Baldwin, N, Jones, L, Mitchell, D, Munro, E, Thornton, M, Baker, D, Davis, N, Hamilton, G, McCabe, D, Platts, A, Tibballs, J, Cleveland, T, Dodd, D, Lonsdale, R, Nair, R, Nassef, A, Nawaz, S, Belli, A, Cloud, G, Markus, H, McFarland, R, Morgan, R, Pereira, A, Thompson, A, Chataway, J, Cheshire, N, Gibbs, R, Hammady, M, Jenkins, M, Wolfe, J, Adiseshiah, M, Bishop, C, Brew, S, Brookes, J, Jaeger, R, Kitchen, N, Ashleigh, R, Butterfield, S, Gamble, GE, Nasim, A, O'Neill, P, Edwards, RD, Lees, KR, MacKay, AJ, Moss, J, Rogers, P, Ederle, J, Dobson, J, Featherstone, RL, Bonati, LH, van der Worp, HB, de Borst, GJ, Lo, TH, Gaines, P, Dorman, PJ, Macdonald, S, Lyrer, PA, Hendriks, JM, McCollum, C, Nederkoorn, PJ, Brown, MM, Algra, A, Bamford, J, Beard, J, Bland, M, Bradbury, AW, Clifton, A, Hacke, W, Halliday, A, Malik, I, Mas, JL, McGuire, AJ, Sidhu, P, Venables, G, Bradbury, A, Collins, R, Molynewc, A, Naylor, R, Warlow, C, Ferro, JM, Thomas, D, Coward, L, Featherstone, RF, Tindall, H, McCabe, DJH, Wallis, A, Brooks, M, Chambers, B, Chan, A, Chu, P, Clark, D, Dewey, H, Donnan, G, Fell, G, Hoare, M, Molan, M, Roberts, A, Roberts, N, Beiles, B, Bladin, C, Clifford, C, Grigg, M, New, G, Bell, R, Bower, S, Chong, W, Holt, M, Saunder, A, Than, PG, Gett, S, Leggett, D, McGahan, T, Quinn, J, Ray, M, Wong, A, Woodruff, P, Foreman, R, Schultz, D, Scroop, R, Stanley, B, Allard, B, Atkinson, N, Cambell, W, Davies, S, Field, P, Milne, P, Mitchell, P, Tress, B, Yan, B, Beasley, A, Dunbabin, D, Stary, D, Walker, S, Cras, P, d'Archambeau, O, Hendriks, JMH, Van Schil, P, Bosiers, M, Deloose, K, van Buggenhout, E, De Letter, J, Devos, V, Ghekiere, J, Vanhooren, G, Astarci, P, Hammer, F, Lacroix, V, Peeters, A, Verhelst, R, DeJaegher, L, Verbist, J, Blair, J-F, Caron, JL, Daneault, N, Giroux, M-F, Guilbert, F, Lanthier, S, Lebrun, L-H, Oliva, V, Raymond, J, Roy, D, Soulez, G, Weill, A, Hill, M, Hu, W, Hudion, M, Morrish, W, Sutherland, G, Wong, J, Alback, A, Harno, H, Ijas, P, Kaste, M, Lepantalo, M, Mustanoja, S, Paananen, T, Porras, M, Putaala, J, Railo, M, Sairanen, T, Soinne, L, Vehmas, A, Vikatmaa, P, Goertler, M, Halloul, Z, Skalej, M, Brennan, P, Kelly, C, Leahy, A, Moroney, J, Thornton, J, Koelemay, MJW, Reekers, JAA, Roos, YBWEM, Koudstaal, PJ, Pattynama, PMT, van der Lugt, A, van Dijk, LC, van Sambeek, MRHM, van Urk, H, Verhagen, HJM, Bruininckx, CMA, de Bruijn, SF, Keunen, R, Knippenberg, B, Mosch, A, Treurniet, F, van Dijk, L, van Overhagen, H, Wever, J, de Beer, FC, van den Berg, JSP, van Hasselt, BAAM, Zeilstra, DJ, Boiten, J, van Otterloo, JCADM, de Vries, AC, Nieholt, GJLA, van der Kallen, BFW, Blankensteijn, JD, De Leeuw, FE, Kool, LJS, van der Vliet, JA, de Kort, GAP, Kapelle, LJ, Mali, WPTM, Moll, F, Verhagen, H, Barber, PA, Bourchier, R, Hill, A, Holden, A, Stewart, J, Bakke, SJ, Krohg-Sorensen, K, Skjelland, M, Tennoe, B, Bialek, P, Biejat, Z, Czepiel, W, Czlonkowska, A, Dowzenko, A, Jedrzejewska, J, Kobayashi, A, Lelek, M, Polanski, J, Kirbis, J, Milosevic, Z, Zvan, B, Blasco, J, Chamorro, A, Macho, J, Obach, V, Riambau, V, San Roman, L, Branera, J, Canovas, D, Estela, J, Gimenez Gaibar, A, Perendreu, J, Bjorses, K, Gottsater, A, Ivancev, K, Maetzsch, T, Sonesson, B, Berg, B, Delle, M, Formgren, J, Gillgren, P, Kall, T-B, Konrad, P, Nyman, N, Takolander, R, Andersson, T, Malmstedt, J, Soderman, M, Wahlgren, C, Wahlgren, N, Binaghi, S, Hirt, L, Michel, P, Ruchat, P, Engelter, ST, Fluri, F, Guerke, L, Jacob, AL, Kirsch, E, Radue, E-W, Stierli, P, Wasner, M, Wetzel, S, Bonvin, C, Kalangos, A, Lovblad, K, Murith, N, Ruefenacht, D, Sztajzel, R, Higgins, N, Kirkpatrick, PJ, Martin, P, Adam, D, Bell, J, Crowe, P, Gannon, M, Henderson, MJ, Sandler, D, Shinton, RA, Scriven, JM, Wilmink, T, D'Souza, S, Egun, A, Guta, R, Punekar, S, Seriki, DM, Thomson, G, Brennan, A, Enevoldson, TP, Gilling-Smith, G, Gould, DA, Harris, PL, McWilliams, RG, Nasser, H-C, White, R, Prakash, KG, Serracino-Inglott, F, Subramanian, G, Symth, JV, Walker, MG, Clarke, M, Davis, M, Dixit, SA, Dolman, P, Dyker, A, Ford, G, Golkar, A, Jackson, R, Jayakrishnan, V, Lambert, D, Lees, T, Louw, S, Mendelow, AD, Rodgers, H, Rose, J, Stansby, G, Wyatt, M, Baker, T, Baldwin, N, Jones, L, Mitchell, D, Munro, E, Thornton, M, Baker, D, Davis, N, Hamilton, G, McCabe, D, Platts, A, Tibballs, J, Cleveland, T, Dodd, D, Lonsdale, R, Nair, R, Nassef, A, Nawaz, S, Belli, A, Cloud, G, Markus, H, McFarland, R, Morgan, R, Pereira, A, Thompson, A, Chataway, J, Cheshire, N, Gibbs, R, Hammady, M, Jenkins, M, Wolfe, J, Adiseshiah, M, Bishop, C, Brew, S, Brookes, J, Jaeger, R, Kitchen, N, Ashleigh, R, Butterfield, S, Gamble, GE, Nasim, A, O'Neill, P, Edwards, RD, Lees, KR, MacKay, AJ, Moss, J, and Rogers, P

Abstract

Background Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy.Methods The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470.Findings The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4.0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3.2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% CI 0.77-2.11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8.5% in the stenting group compared with 5.2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1.69, 1.16-2.45

17. Endothelial cell surface limits coagulation without modulating the antithrombin potency.

Author

Catieau B, Devos V, Chtourou S, Borgel D, and Plantier JL

Subjects
Antithrombins pharmacology, Humans, Antithrombins therapeutic use, Blood Coagulation drug effects, Endothelial Cells metabolism
Abstract

Antithrombin (AT) binds in vitro and in vivo to endothelial cells through various receptors, including heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan (HSPG) that could modulate the AT activity. A thrombin generation assay (TGA) was set up at the surface of HUVEC and HMVEC evaluating their participation in the coagulation-anticoagulation processes. TGA induced by 0.5 pM Tissue Factor was performed in normal or AT-deficient plasma spiked with various amounts of recombinant or plasma-derived AT (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 U/ml). To evaluate the role of HSPG or cellular anticoagulant receptors, cells were treated or not with heparin, a mix of heparanase I, II and III, a neutralizing anti-Endothelial Protein C Receptor (EPCR) or with an anti-Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI) antibody. The presence of the cells diminished the TG in normal plasma and maintained anticoagulation in AT-deficient plasma. Spiking the AT-deficient plasma with different doses of AT demonstrated that the cells did not amplify the anticoagulant activity of AT. The recombinant AT binds the cells with a higher avidity than the plasma-derived one but this did not affect its anticoagulant potency. Moreover both bindings are independent of the HSPG. The antithrombotic activity kept in absence of AT was not inhibited by blocking antibodies directed against EPCR or TFPI. Our data did not reveal a major co-factor activity for AT from endothelial cells that could have been mediated by HSPG. In contrast, it reveals the presence of alternative anti-coagulant system(s) in two venous cell types that maintain an antithrombotic activity., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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18. Comparison of antioxidant properties of different therapeutic albumin preparations.

Author

Plantier JL, Duretz V, Devos V, Urbain R, and Jorieux S

Subjects
Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants therapeutic use, Biphenyl Compounds chemistry, Cysteine chemistry, Free Radical Scavengers chemistry, Free Radical Scavengers pharmacology, Free Radical Scavengers therapeutic use, Free Radicals metabolism, Glycosylation, Humans, Hydroxyl Radical metabolism, Oxidation-Reduction drug effects, Picrates chemistry, Serum Albumin chemistry, Serum Albumin therapeutic use, Spectrophotometry, Antioxidants pharmacology, Free Radicals antagonists & inhibitors, Hydroxyl Radical antagonists & inhibitors, Serum Albumin pharmacology
Abstract

Albumin displays several important functions for homeostasis amongst which the maintenance of the plasma redox-state. The study aim was to compare the redox state of pharmaceutical human albumin preparations since it reflects the oxidation-reduction status of the surrounding environment. Using an array of analytical methods, four commercially available albumins were compared with respect to their structural characteristics (cobalt ion binding, glycation, spectrophotometric and fluorometric profiles) and their ability to scavenge hydroxyl, peroxyl or free radicals. The different albumins exhibited a similar structural profile as well as hydroxyl and peroxyl scavenging activities. By contrast, the albumin from LFB (Vialebex(®)) possessed a significantly higher capacity to transfer electrons to DPPH, as compared with other albumins that was correlated with the level of free cysteine-34. Commercially available albumins differed for some of their antioxidant properties. The albumin preparation possessing the highest level of free cysteine-34 exhibited the highest antioxidant potential., (Copyright © 2016 LFB Biotechnologies. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2016
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19. A sex-inducing pheromone triggers cell cycle arrest and mate attraction in the diatom Seminavis robusta.

Author

Moeys S, Frenkel J, Lembke C, Gillard JT, Devos V, Van den Berge K, Bouillon B, Huysman MJ, De Decker S, Scharf J, Bones A, Brembu T, Winge P, Sabbe K, Vuylsteke M, Clement L, De Veylder L, Pohnert G, and Vyverman W

Subjects
Animals, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Glutamic Acid metabolism, Guanylate Cyclase genetics, Guanylate Cyclase metabolism, Meiosis, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Metabolome, Metabolomics methods, Mitosis, Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases genetics, Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases metabolism, Proline metabolism, Sex Attractants pharmacology, Transcription, Genetic, Cell Cycle Checkpoints drug effects, Diatoms physiology, Sex Attractants metabolism, Sexual Behavior, Animal
Abstract

Although sexual reproduction is believed to play a major role in the high diversification rates and species richness of diatoms, a mechanistic understanding of diatom life cycle control is virtually lacking. Diatom sexual signalling is controlled by a complex, yet largely unknown, pheromone system. Here, a sex-inducing pheromone (SIP(+)) of the benthic pennate diatom Seminavis robusta was identified by comparative metabolomics, subsequently purified, and physicochemically characterized. Transcriptome analysis revealed that SIP(+) triggers the switch from mitosis-to-meiosis in the opposing mating type, coupled with the transcriptional induction of proline biosynthesis genes, and the release of the proline-derived attraction pheromone. The induction of cell cycle arrest by a pheromone, chemically distinct from the one used to attract the opposite mating type, highlights the existence of a sophisticated mechanism to increase chances of mate finding, while keeping the metabolic losses associated with the release of an attraction pheromone to a minimum.

Published
2016
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21. Physiological and transcriptomic evidence for a close coupling between chloroplast ontogeny and cell cycle progression in the pennate diatom Seminavis robusta.

Author

Gillard J, Devos V, Huysman MJ, De Veylder L, D'Hondt S, Martens C, Vanormelingen P, Vannerum K, Sabbe K, Chepurnov VA, Inzé D, Vuylsteke M, and Vyverman W

Subjects
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, DNA, Complementary, Diatoms cytology, Flow Cytometry, Gene Expression Profiling, Molecular Sequence Data, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cell Cycle, Chloroplasts physiology, Diatoms genetics, Diatoms physiology, RNA, Messenger genetics
Abstract

Despite the growing interest in diatom genomics, detailed time series of gene expression in relation to key cellular processes are still lacking. Here, we investigated the relationships between the cell cycle and chloroplast development in the pennate diatom Seminavis robusta. This diatom possesses two chloroplasts with a well-orchestrated developmental cycle, common to many pennate diatoms. By assessing the effects of induced cell cycle arrest with microscopy and flow cytometry, we found that division and reorganization of the chloroplasts are initiated only after S-phase progression. Next, we quantified the expression of the S. robusta FtsZ homolog to address the division status of chloroplasts during synchronized growth and monitored microscopically their dynamics in relation to nuclear division and silicon deposition. We show that chloroplasts divide and relocate during the S/G2 phase, after which a girdle band is deposited to accommodate cell growth. Synchronized cultures of two genotypes were subsequently used for a cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism-based genome-wide transcript profiling, in which 917 reproducibly modulated transcripts were identified. We observed that genes involved in pigment biosynthesis and coding for light-harvesting proteins were up-regulated during G2/M phase and cell separation. Light and cell cycle progression were both found to affect fucoxanthin-chlorophyll a/c-binding protein expression and accumulation of fucoxanthin cell content. Because chloroplasts elongate at the stage of cytokinesis, cell cycle-modulated photosynthetic gene expression and synthesis of pigments in concert with cell division might balance chloroplast growth, which confirms that chloroplast biogenesis in S. robusta is tightly regulated.

Published
2008
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22. Periosteal Ewing sarcoma.

Author

Declerck S, Devos V, and Pattyn G

Subjects
Adolescent, Ankle, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sarcoma, Ewing diagnostic imaging, Soft Tissue Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Periosteum, Sarcoma, Ewing diagnosis, Soft Tissue Neoplasms diagnosis
Published
1995

23. Denta Scan: CT software program used in the anatomic evaluation of the mandible and maxilla in the perspective of endosseous implant surgery.

Author

Casselman JW, Deryckere F, Hermans R, Declercq C, Neyt L, Pattyn G, Meeus L, Vandevoorde P, Steyaert L, and Devos V

Subjects
Alveolar Process diagnostic imaging, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Humans, Patient Care Planning methods, Radiography, Dental methods, Radiography, Panoramic, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Dental Implantation, Endosseous, Mandible diagnostic imaging, Maxilla diagnostic imaging, Radiography, Dental instrumentation, Software, Tomography, X-Ray Computed instrumentation
Abstract

A radiological technique, using a new CT software program for the evaluation of alveolar process height and width, is presented. Irradiation is kept within acceptable limits when this technique is used. Measurements obtained with this technique were compared with those obtained on panoramic radiographs in 40 "half-jaws" (21 maxillar and 19 mandibular). We found that new indications for implantation emerge in the mandibular region because 'Denta Scan' can sometimes show possibilities to place implants on the buccal side of the canal (2 of 19 mandibular cases) when no possibilities are present above the canal on both the panoramic radiographs and Denta Scan images. In the maxillar region Denta Scan avoids unnecessary interventions by demonstrating the insufficient width of the alveolar ridge, often missed on panoramic radiographs (4 of 21 maxillar cases). Moreover the use of Denta Scan allows the use of implants with optimal length and diameter (23 of the 40 cases), giving better long-term results.

Published
1991
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24. Ultrasonographic findings in peptic ulcer: a report on 24 cases proven endoscopically.

Author

Danneels F, Steyaert L, Cappelle G, Pattyn G, Meeus L, Vandevoorde P, Devos V, and Casselman J

Subjects
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal, Humans, Peptic Ulcer diagnosis, Ultrasonography, Peptic Ulcer diagnostic imaging
Abstract

A series of 24 patients is presented who had routine upper abdominal sonography for reason of atypical abdominal pain; in all cases the sonographically suggested diagnosis of a mucosal ulceration was proved by a following endoscopy. The ultrasonic findings were localized thickening of the gastric wall in combination with presence of liquid intragastrically in a fasting patient.

Published
1990

25. Herniography in adults: review and personal studies.

Author

Van Ginderachter P, Steyaert L, Pattyn G, Meeus L, Vandevoorde P, Devos V, and Casselman J

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Hernia, Umbilical diagnostic imaging, Hernia, Ventral diagnostic imaging, Humans, Iohexol, Male, Middle Aged, Radiography, Hernia, Femoral diagnostic imaging, Hernia, Inguinal diagnostic imaging
Abstract

In 120 adults (87 men, 33 women) with suspicion of a hernia but with normal physical examination, herniography disclosed 125 positive findings correlated with the clinical manifestations. There were no false positive or false negative herniographic diagnoses among 25 patients who underwent surgery. Herniography is a useful examination to evaluate patients with an uncertain or normal physical examination and with clinical manifestations suggestive for hernia. This relatively simple technique and the use of a non-ionic contrast medium are well tolerated.

Published
1990

26. Giant angiomyolipoma with atypical arteriovenous shunting: CT and angiographic studies.

Author

Danneels F, Meeus L, Casselman JW, Pattyn G, Vandevoorde P, Steyaert L, and Devos V

Subjects
Angiography, Female, Hemangioma blood supply, Hemangioma surgery, Humans, Kidney Neoplasms blood supply, Kidney Neoplasms surgery, Lipoma blood supply, Lipoma surgery, Middle Aged, Nephrectomy, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Hemangioma diagnostic imaging, Kidney Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Lipoma diagnostic imaging
Abstract

The advent of both ultrasound and computerized tomography made the pre-operative diagnosis of angiomyolipoma much easier. However, differentiation from retroperitoneal, perinephric space and especially intrarenal liposarcoma remains difficult or impossible. Angiographic findings are atypical and often do not allow differentiation from renal cell carcinoma. Early filling of the renal vein in renal cell carcinoma is sometimes used to distinguish renal cell carcinoma from angiomyolipoma. A case of a giant angiomyolipoma with arteriovenous shunting and early filling of the renal vein is described.

Published
1990

27. [Dynamic MRI of temporomandibular joint: technique and application].

Author

Casselman JW, De Mot B, Declercq C, Pattyn G, Meeus L, Vandevoorde P, Steyaert L, and Devos V

Subjects
Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Joint Dislocations diagnosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders diagnosis
Abstract

Internal derangements or disk dysfunctions represent the most frequent pathology of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The radiological study of TMJ dysfunction was, for a long time, restricted to arthrography. More and more MR is used to study the TMJ, because MR, allows non-invasive visualisation of without the use of X-rays. Moreover a "dynamic" MR technique can be used to study disk movements during mouth opening. A lot of the internal derangement problems can be solved with this technique and arthrography can often be avoided. This dynamic MR technique is described and some cases are discussed.

Published
1990

30. Zellweger syndrome (cerebro-hepato-renal syndrome).

Author

Roussel L, Vandevoorde P, Pattyn G, Meeus L, Steyaert L, Devos V, D'Hooghe M, and Van Biervliet JP

Subjects
Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Microbodies, Syndrome, Abnormalities, Multiple, Brain abnormalities, Cholestasis congenital, Kidney Diseases congenital
Published
1987

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