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Com o presente trabalho, objetivou-se comparar o efeito bactericida do polivinilpirrolidona-iodo nas concentrações a 0,1% e 0,5% sobre a antissepsia do campo operatório oftálmico de cães. Foram utilizados 20 cães e soluções em concentrações diferentes para cada olho. No olho direito, utilizou-se solução de polivinilpirrolidona-iodo a 0,1% e no olho esquerdo a 0,5%. A colheita da amostra conjuntival de ambos os grupos foi realizada antes da antissepsia (0), após 30 minutos (1), 1,5 horas (2) e 2,5 horas (3) da irrigação e limpeza. Foi identificado crescimento bacteriano em 70% das amostras oculares colhidas antes da antissepsia. Os agentes bacterianos encontrados nos diferentes tempos de colheita foram Staphylococcus intermedis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus sp., Difteróide, Enterobacter sp., Micrococcus sp. A solução de polivinilpirrolidona-iodo a 0,1% diminuiu em 64% e 50% o crescimento de bactérias após 30min (1) e 90min da antissepsia (2), respectivamente. Enquanto a concentração 0,5% reduziu em 86%, houve crescimento bacteriano de 71%, o que indicou um maior poder inibitório sobre o crescimento bacteriano. Dessa maneira, a solução de polivinilpirrolidona-iodo a 0,5%, em relação à solução a 0,1%, mostrou-se mais eficaz na redução da microbiota conjuntival até 90min após a antissepsia.The objective of this study was to compare the bactericide effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine at concentrations of 0.1% and 0.5% on antisepsis of dog ophthalmic region. Solutions with different concentrations were used on each eye of twenty dogs. On the right eye, the 0.1% solution was administered and, on the left eye, the 0.5% solution. Conjunctival sampling of both groups was performed before antisepsis (0), after 30 minutes (1), 1.5h (2) and 2.5h (3) of irrigation and cleaning. Bacterial growth was identified in 70% of ocular sample collected before the antisepsis. The bacterial agents found on different times of sampling were Staphylococcus intermedius, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus sp. Diphtheroids, Enterobacter sp., Micrococcus sp. The 0.1% solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine decreased by 64% and 50% bacteria growth after 1 and 2, respectively. The group that used the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine 0.5% showed greater bactericide power. Therefore, the solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine to 0.5% compared to 0.1% solution was more effective in reduction of the conjunctival microbiota up to 90min after antisepsis.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine and compare corneal sensitivity values in different regions of the cornea in five horse breeds. One hundred and forty five healthy horses, adults of both sexes, of the following breeds - Arabian horse (AH; n=20), Mangalarga Marchador (MM; n=50), Pure Blood Lusitano (PBL; n=35), Quarter Horse (QH; n=20), Brazilian Sport Horse (BSH; n=20)-were investigated. Corneal touch threshold (CTT) was measured with a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer in five different corneal regions. Measurements of the median central CTT were: 4.50±0.50cm (AH), 3.50±0.56cm (MM), 3.00±0.25cm (PBL), 2.50±0.44cm (QH) and 2.50±0.00cm (BSH). The central region was the most sensitive and the dorsal region the least sensitive corneal region for all breeds. CTT values differed for corneal regions and horse breeds. The CTT values were different among the corneal regions and the horse breeds. Arabian horses presented higher sensitivity values being the most sensitive in all of the corneal regions.

Abstract Background Shih-Tzu dogs are frequently affected by ocular surface disorders such as corneal ulceration and dry eye disease (DED). The aim of this study was to evaluate ocular surface homeostasis in Shih-Tzu dogs that have adequate aqueous production. Twenty-eight dogs were subjected to eyelid blink counting, Schirmer tear test (STT-1), ophthalmic evaluation, tear film break-up time (TBUT), fluorescein test and Masmali tear ferning (TF) grading scale. Results Of the 28 animals evaluated, the median value of incomplete eyelid blinks/min (median = 15.0 blinks/min; Interquartil interval - IQR = 8.7 blinks/min − 19.5 blinks/min) was higher than the complete blinks/min (median = 2.5 blinks/min; IQR = 1.6 blinks/min − 4.3 blinks/min), with statistically significant difference. The Schirmer tear test had a median value of 25.0 mm/min (IQR = 22.7 mm/min − 27.5 mm/min), considered within the normal range for the species. On ophthalmic examination, all dogs had trichiasis of the caruncle and medial lower eyelid entropion. Lagophthalmos was the third most common alteration observed (71.4%; 20/28). The median of TBUT was 4.0 s; (IQR = 3.0 – 6.0 s). All the animals were negative to the fluorescein test and the TFT indicated that the majority of the eyes (51.8%; 29/56) were classified in abnormal grades 3 and 4 according to the Masmali tear ferning (TF) grading scale. Conclusions Although the Shith-Tzu dogs had STT-1 values within the normal range for the species there was high prevalence of abnormal TFT grades and low TBUT in all dogs, showing that despite adequate aqueous production, these dogs have poor precorneal tear film quality. In addition, the dogs showed few complete eyelid blinks and ophthalmic alterations, promoting poor tear film diffusion. All these findings, isolated or together, can result in DED.

O fibrossarcoma é um tumor mesenquimal maligno classificado como terceiro tumor oral mais comum em cães. Localmente agressivo e invasivo, possui baixo índice de metástase se identificado precocemente. O tratamento é a ressecção com margem de segurança para evitar recidiva que é comum nessa tumoração. Este relato reporta o caso desta afecção em canina que apresentava doença periodontal, sangramento gengival e edema da face interna da comissura labial direita. Essa tumoração possuía aspecto firme, com presença de inflamação e de formato arredondado. Foi efetuada a citologia como medida diagnóstica, onde apresentou a conclusão de amostra compatível com neoplasia mesenquimal. Assim, foi realizado como tratamento a ressecção cirúrgica total, com margens adequadas, associada a cirurgia reconstrutiva por ausência de tecido suficiente para realização da sutura e fechamento cirúrgico devido ao local da ressecção. A amostra foi enviada para estudo histopatológico e o resultado foi processo tumoral compatível com fibrossarcoma. Após revisão e remoção dos pontos o animal foi encaminhado para o setor especializado em oncologia veterinária.

Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is an infectious disease caused by a gram-negative bacterium Ehrlichia canis that has a high global prevalence that leads to high rates of morbidity and mortality in dogs. Among the clinical changes, ophthalmic diseases can lead to permanent blindness and it can be an important clinical sign. The objective of this study was to perform nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to diagnose E. canis infection in dogs with bilateral uveitis from the Veterinary Hospital of the Santa Cruz State University. Blood samples were collected and DNA for the molecular diagnosis was extracted from 66 adult dogs of both genders and mixed breeds diagnosed with bilateral uveitis. Thirty-five (53%) dogs showed positive results and presented with iridocyclitis, posterior uveitis, panuveitis, or uveitis with secondary glaucoma. This study demonstrates that nested PCR is an important tool for the differential diagnosis of dogs with bilateral uveitis, as it provides evidence of the infectious agent in the animal.

This study aimed to determine the bacterial microorganisms in the conjunctival sac of clinically normal dogs and of dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Bahia. Thirty health animals and 28 with KCS were included in the research. Bacterial growth was observed in 60% of the healthy dogs and in 89.29% of the dogs with KCS. There was a predominance of Gram-positive species in both groups. In normal animals, Staphylococcus intermedius (26.83%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (21.95%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (19.51%) were the most prevalent bacteria and the identification of yeasts in the samples of this group was 38.34%. Of the 30 healthy animals studied, 46.66% showed bilateral positive culture, 26.67% had unilateral positive culture and 26.67% had negative culture. In animals with KCS, Streptococcus β-hemolytic (16.13%), followed by Staphylococcus intermedius (12.90%) and Staphylococcus aureus (11.83%) were the most prevalent bacteria. Yeast identification in this group occurred in 19.64% of the samples. Of the 28 animals with KCS, 82.14% showed bilateral positive culture and 17.86% unilateral positive culture.

Odontogenics tumors are uncommon in the dog. Ameloblastoma is considered a benign, aggressive and non-inductive odontogenic neoplasia commonly located in the incisor teeth. Its conclusive diagnosis is obtained by histopathological examination. Due to the expansive nature of this neoplasia, its resection needs to have an adequate surgical margin so it will have excellent prognostics. A canine, male, Pekingese, 8 years old had an increased volume in the rostral region of the mandible, adhered, consistency moderately firm. Radiography revealed extensive mandibular bone lysis caused by the neoplasia. Biopsy identified the tumor as ameloblastoma. Combining data from the clinical, radiographic and histopatological study and after explain to the owner regarding the postoperative esthetic it was held a bilateral rostral mandibulectomy. The fragment removed was assessed radiographically and histopathologically for evidence of tumor at its edges. The patient is active and healthy without evidence of metastasis or recurrence. The radiographic and histopathologic evaluation of edges of the fragment showed no tumor evidence. The patient is active and healthy without evidence of metastasis or recurrence since January 2010 when mandibulectomy was performed.Os tumores odontogênicos são alterações incomuns no cão. O ameloblastoma é considerado uma neoplasia odontogênica benigna, agressiva e não indutiva, comumente localizada na região dos dentes incisivos. Seu diagnóstico conclusivo é obtido através do histopatológico. Devido ao caráter expansivo desta neoplasia uma ressecção com margem cirúrgica adequada é necessária para que se tenha um excelente prognóstico. Um canino, macho, Pequinês de oito anos apresentou um aumento de volume na região rostral da mandíbula, aderido e de consistência moderadamente firme. A radiografia mandibular demonstrou a extensão da lise óssea causada pela neoplasia. O estudo histopatológico identificou a alteração como ameloblastoma. Conciliando dados do exame clínico, estudo radiográfico e histopatológico e após o esclarecimento do proprietário a respeito da estética pós-operatória, foi realizada uma mandibulectomia rostral bilateral. A avaliação radiografica e histopatológica das bordas do fragmento não demonstraram indícios tumorais. O paciente se encontra ativo e saudável sem indícios de metástase ou recidiva desde janeiro de 2010, quando foi realizada a mandibulectomia.

Spheres of different types of material are used for the replacement of lost volume after removal of the eye bulb or its content to prevent contraction of the orbital cavity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the scope of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) used as intraocular implant in eviscerated rabbit eye. Twelve New Zealand rabbits underwent unilateral evisceration of the left eye, with subsequent implantation of PMMA sphere 12 mm in diameter. Clinical evaluation was performed daily during the first 15 days after surgery and every 15 days until the end of the study period (180 days). For the histopathological analysis, three animals per trial underwent enucleation at 15, 45, 90 and 180 days after evisceration. There was no wound dehiscence, signs of infection or implant extrusion in any animal throughout the study period. Histological examination revealed the formation of fibrovascular tissue around the implants. The PMMA behaved as inert and non-integrable.

Avaliou-se o cimento de alfa-fosfato tricálcico de dupla pega como implante para o preenchimento de cavidade anoftálmica em cães e gatos. Os animais foram provenientes do Serviço de oftalmologia do Hospital Veterinário, da Universidade Estadual Paulista – Câmpus de Jaboticabal. O estudo foi realizado em dois anos. A idade dos pacientes oscilou entre 2 a 11 anos, com peso de 3 a 50 kg. Os implantes variaram de 15 a 25 mm de diâmetro. Edema local foi observado em todos os animais durante o pós-operatório imediato. Das 11 cirurgias realizadas em 8 animais, sendo 7 cães e 1 gato, em 9 (81,8%) o resultado estético foi satisfatório, enquanto em 2 (18,2%) foi insatisfatório, devido a complicações que levaram a remoção dos implantes. A utilização do cimento de alfa-fosfato tricálcico de dupla pega no preenchimento de cavidade anoftálmica mostrou-se factível e é uma alternativa para melhorar a aparência estética após a enucleação.