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L-proline tartrate (LPT), 1 and 2 mol% of lanthanum chloride- (LaCl3-) doped LPT single crystals have been synthesized and grown using a slow evaporation solution method at room temperature. The crystals have undergone different characterization studies to test their suitability for device fabrication. The single crystal X-ray diffraction studies have revealed that both 1 and 2 mol% of LaCl3-doped LPT single crystals have been crystalized monoclinic crystal structure and space group P21. The UV-Vis-NIR spectrum analysis has shown that pure, 1, and 2 mol% of LaCl3-doped LPT single crystals have good optical transparency in the entire visible and near IR region. The optical band gap energy for pure, 1 and 2 mol% of LaCl3-doped LPT single crystals to be 4.9, 5, and 5.1 eV, respectively. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed that LaCl3 has been incorporated into LPT crystal. The second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency for 1 and 2 mol% of LaCl3-doped LPT single crystals has been tested and found to be 1.27 and 1.6 times greater than that of the reference KDP crystal, respectively.

The aim of this research was to synthesize and characterize pure and magnesium chloride(MgCl2) doped L–alanine cadmium chloride (LACC) single crystals. Pure and MgCl2doped LACC single crystals were synthesized by solution method with slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. The single crystal X-ray diffraction studies of pure, 1 and 2 mol% MgCl2doped LACC single crystals revealed monocliniccrystal structure with C2 space group. The optical properties of pure and MgCl2dopedLACC single crystals investigated by UV–VIS/NIR spectrometer confirmed that the crystals were transparent in the wavelength range of 230-1100nm. The optical band gap energy of pure and doped LACC single crystals were found to have the same value of 5.4eV. The energy-dispersive X-ray analysis indicated the incorporation of magnesium and chlorine atoms in an LACC single crystal. The second harmonic generation efficiency of 1 and 2 mol% MgCl2doped LACC crystals were analyzed by Kurtz-Perry powder technique and found to be 1.75 and 2 times greater than that of the standard potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal,respectively

Triglycine sulphate (TGS) and 1 and 2 mol% of magnesium chloride-doped TGS single crystals have been grown by using the slow evaporation solution method at room temperature. Pure and magnesium chloride-doped triglycine sulphate single crystals in a dimension of 12 × 12 × 5 cm3 have been grown at room temperature. The grown samples have been investigated by various characterization techniques such as single crystal X-ray diffraction, UV-VIS/NIR spectroscopy, dielectric studies, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The single crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed that both 1 and 2 mol% of MgCl2-doped TGS single crystals have been crystallized in monoclinic crystal structure with space group P21/m. The UV-VI/NIR spectra analysis confirmed that both pure and 1 and 2 mol% of MgCl2-doped TGS single crystals have wide optical transparency in the wavelength range of 236–1100 nm. The bandgap energy of both samples has been found to be 5.25 eV. The dielectric properties of the grown samples were recorded by measuring the dielectric constant as a function of temperature from 45 to 55°C with various frequencies (100 Hz – 1 MHz). The dielectric studies revealed that the dielectric constants of 1 and 2 mol% of MgCl2-doped TGS single crystals were increased with decreasing frequency and that the transition temperature was found to be 51°C. The EDAX spectrum confirmed the incorporation of MgCl2 into TGS single crystals.

The rapid expansion of textile industries causes a massive release of dyes to the water bodies. The primary source of water pollution is this huge rise in dye use, which has a negative impact on aquatic life and equilibrium of the ecosystem. The purpose of the present study is the synthesis and characterization of a composite material namely zinc oxide incorporated activated carbon khat for effective adsorption of methylene blue dye. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy and Brunaeur, Emmett and Teller surface area analysis studies have been used to characterize the composite. Experimental conditions such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, concentration of the dye solution, solution temperature and solution pH have been altered to find out the optimum conditions of adsorption. The optimum pH has been found to be 8.0 and dosage of composite has been optimized as 0.3 g for a dye concentration of 20 ppm and equilibrium was attained at 60 min. The adsorption kinetics of the adsorbent revealed that pseudo-second-order kinetic model is better fitted with a good correlation coefficient, and the equilibrium data fitted well with the Freundlich isotherm model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]