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Copyright of Cahiers Santé - Médecine Thérapeutique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Factitious Cushing's syndrome is extremely rare. The difficulty of its diagnosis lies in the cross-reaction between synthetic corticosteroids and plasma or urinary cortisol during immunological tests, which can make it difficult to distinguish between the real Cushing's syndrome and its factitious version. We present in this article a case of 33-year-old women, followed for ankylosing spondylitis for which she had received corticosteroid therapy in the past, who presented for a frank physical stigma of Cushing's syndrome, for which she had consulted several times. The biological evaluation found evidence of elevated free cortisol urinary levels contrasting with inhibited plasma cortisol and inhibited ACTH. The dynamic tests carried out were negative. The adrenal imaging was without particularities. Although the patient has always denied taking exogenous corticosteroids, the measurement of urinary free cortisol using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry who was decisive and showed drug interference during measuring. In this rare case, we expose the difficulties encountered by the clinician on two levels, proving the exogenous origin of glucocorticoid toxicity on the one hand and confronting the patient and their relatives on the other hand. Finally, it is important to consider this differential diagnosis in cases of hypercortisolism, especially when the patient's medical history and the results of investigations are contradictory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thyroid nodules (TN) are more frequent in the iodine-deficient region and the proportion of benign nodules is higher compared to areas with sufficient iodine intake. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with malignant TN specially the EU-TIRADS ultrasound score in a Moroccan population with a high prevalence of iodine deficiency. Methods: In a prospective cross-sectional study, we enrolled outpatients referred for TN with fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) according to EU-TIRADS 2017 classification. Malignancy of TN was defined by histological results indicating a thyroid malignancy on thyroid micro-biopsy or after surgical resection if indicated. Results: 225 participants with TN were enrolled. The median age was 54 (42.5 to 62) years-old. The prevalence of malignant TN was 8.9%. Malignant TN were significantly smaller than non-malignant ones (p = 0.008) and sub-centimetric TN were more frequent in malignant TN (25% vs 1.5%; p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, male gender (OR : 9.33 ; 95% CI [2.02 ; 43.01]; p = 0,004) and EU-TIRADS score of 5 (OR : 55.6 ; 95% CI [9.34 ; 327.91] ; p < 0.001) were independent factors associated with malignant TN. The EU-TIRADS score of 4 was not associated to malignant TN. Conclusion: Our data suggest a trend of over-diagnosing indolent thyroid cancer. The EU-TIRADS score of 4 was not associated with TN malignancy. Considering clinical, accessory sonographic features, and size threshold for FNAB in EU-TIRADS 4 score TN may refine the diagnosis performance of this score in our population [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocular inflammatory reactions secondary to treatment with bisphosphonates are a rare entity. Their physiopathological mechanism is still poorly understood but seems to be linked to an immunological reaction mediated by some cytokines. Observation: We report the case of a 63-year-old patient followed for severe osteoporosis and treated with zoledronate. The patient presented 6 weeks after the initiation of treatment with a decrease in visual acuity diagnosed as acute anterior uveitis. Conclusion: Acute anterior uveitis is an important entity to be aware of because a good evaluation and rapid management can reduce complications involving the visual prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and investigate cardiovascular risk management among type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients in the city of Meknes. Materials and methods: In a non-interventional cross-sectional study, we enrolled adult outpatients (= 18 years old) with T2D from the endocrinology and diabetology consultation of the Military Hospital of Meknes from June 2021 to January 2022. Informed consent was signed by all participants in the study. Assessment of cardiovascular risk was based on European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice of 2021. Clinical, biological and therapeutic data were compared between patients with and without cardiovascular disease. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 statistical software. Results: One hundred eighty T2D patients were enrolled. The mean age was 59.42 ± 8.72 years. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease was 13.3%. The prescription of statin (p < 0.001), antihypertensive treatment (p < 0.001) and platelet aggregation inhibitors (p < 0.001) was significantly higher in patients with cardiovascular disease. Overall, 5.6% patients were prescribed a blood glucose-lowering agent with demonstrated cardiovascular benefit. This prescription was higher in patients with cardiovascular disease (5 (20.8%) vs. 5 (3.2%); p = 0.004). It was found that 7.2% patients had an optimal cardiovascular risk factor management. Conclusions: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease among T2D patients is high in the city of Meknes. Despite an optimal prescription of cardiovascular medications, comprehensive control of cardiovascular risk factors is not achieved in most patients. The use of blood glucose-lowering agents with demonstrated cardiovascular benefit was low but significantly higher among patients with cardiovascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les néoplasies pulmonaires à petites cellules et les tumeurs avec une différenciation neuroendocrinienne sont très fréquemment impliquées dans les syndromes paranéoplasiques. Elles peuvent perturber l'équilibre hydrique de deux manières, qui doivent être reconnues par l'interniste et l'endocrinologue. La plus fréquente est le syndrome de Schwartz-Bartter, qui fait suite à une sécrétion ectopique d'hormone antidiurétique par les cellules néoplasiques. La seconde est le diabète insipide central par le biais d'une destruction massive de l'hypothalamus par dissémination métastatique. Peu de cas sporadiques de diabète insipide central du fait d'une localisation secondaire ont été rapportés. Nous rapportons l'observation clinique d'une présentation inhabituelle de cancer pulmonaire à petites cellules, associé à un syndrome polyuropolydipsique, avec une bonne réponse au traitement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pan African Medical Journal is the property of Pan African Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fahr syndrome is a rare anatomo-clinic disease whose most common cause is primary or postoperative hypoparathyroidism. It is characterized by bilateral and symmetrical intracerebral calcifications located in the central gray nuclei, most often associated with phosphocalcium metabolism disorders. We here report the case of a 54-year old patient who had been treated for primary hypoparathyroidism for 20 years, presenting with amnesic disorders revealing Fahr syndrome secondary to hypoparathyroidism., Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d'intérêts.