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While global needs for protection of refugees and other migrants are increasing, rising barriers and deterioration of migrants' rights have become a reality in Europe. Hence, the role of civil society organisations (CSOs) to empower citizens is more important than ever. CSOs practice solidarity by building alliances and influencing policy-makers towards policies and practices that uphold the right to asylum and advance migrants' rights, at national and European level. Migration is one of the main political battlefields that is dominated by the narratives of the right, depicting people on the move as a threat. CSOs work to shift the dominant narrative by talking to the public and promoting diversity. CSOs run a wide range of reception and inclusion activities. They carry out valuable work assisting and often substituting for government action, by managing directly or providing support in reception as well as medium- to long- term inclusion processes. To ensure they can keep on advancing migrants rights, it is crucial to work in parallel on promoting an enabling civic space and meaningful participation of CSOs in policymaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Praxis & Saber is the property of Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El Tribunal Constitucional es el órgano responsable de garantizar la supremacía de la Constitución y el respeto de los derechos fundamentales, incluyendo la supervisión de omisiones legislativas que puedan vulnerar mandatos constitucionales. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los fundamentos, límites y efectos del control de las omisiones legislativas por parte del Tribunal Constitucional, explorando sus implicancias jurídicas y políticas. Para ello, se realizó una revisión cualitativa exhaustiva de literatura teórica y doctrinal, lo que permitió identificar dos tipos de omisión legislativa: la absoluta, cuando no existe regulación alguna, y la relativa, cuando la norma existente es insuficiente o incompatible con la Constitución. Los hallazgos revelan que, aunque el Tribunal tiene el poder de declarar la inconstitucionalidad por omisión, no puede sustituir al legislador ni dictar normas generales; su rol se limita a señalar el deber incumplido y fijar un plazo para su corrección. Las conclusiones destacan que el control de omisiones legislativas es crucial para restablecer la validez constitucional y proteger los derechos de los ciudadanos, pero presenta desafíos tanto en su aplicación como en su aceptación política.

La gestación subrogada es un proceso de naturaleza compleja, pues se encuentra transversalizado por diversos factores, que convierten este método de reproducción asistida en objeto de estudio de diversas disciplinas. De esta manera representa una serie de desafíos que involucran a distintos actores: los contratantes, la gestante y el nasciturus. Se realizó un abordaje teórico desde una perspectiva sociojurídica, describiendo las diferentes perspectivas y concesiones en el contexto del populismo punitivo, en una revisión documental de los actos legislativos. A partir de allí, se reflexiona sobre las percepciones bioéticas y bioestéticas que hacen parte del periodo gestacional y que consideran pertinentes ser tenidas en cuenta en esta práctica. Así, surgen conceptos que sitúan en posición de vulnerabilidad la posibilidad, la motivación y el derecho a la formación familiar.

En noviembre de 2023, Javier Milei fue electo presidente de la República Argentina por el 55,65% de los votos. Se trata de un actor político que se inscribe en el campo de las derechas, tanto en el plano de la política nacional como internacional. En este artículo, analizamos el discurso de Milei durante la campaña electoral de ese año, tomando como marco teórico de referencia los aportes de los estudios críticos del discurso. La perspectiva teórico-metodológica que adoptaremos retoma los elementos teóricos y analíticos desarrollados por Norman Fairclough, en particular, sobre discurso político (1992, 2000, 2003; Fairclough y Fairclough, 2012), y los aportes respecto del análisis de la argumentación de Ruth Wodak (2003). Desde este marco, nos proponemos indagar la disputa en torno al signo ‘derechos’ en el discurso de J. Milei. Consideramos que, entendido como signo ideológico (Voloshinov, 2009), se despliega en torno a los significados del concepto de ‘derechos’ una disputa política en la coyuntura actual.

This article addresses the legal issue of recognizing nature as a subject of rights within the current legal framework, highlighting a paradigm shift in the protection of nature in Ecuador. With the 2008 Constitution, nature transitioned from being an "object of protection" to an entity with its own rights. The ruling 1185-20-JP/21 is used as a case study to analyze these legal and practical implications. The ruling deals with the violation of rights due to irrigation projects without adequate environmental consultation, emphasizing the importance of ecological flow. The Constitutional Court reaffirms the interdependence between the rights of nature and human rights, highlighting the need for a systemic approach to environmental protection. Key legal and jurisprudential precedents are reviewed to contextualize this recognition, evaluating its impact on the legal system and environmental protection, and analyzing the enforceability of these rights through judicial mechanisms. The ruling establishes a crucial precedent for the sustainable management of natural resources and reinforces the importance of protecting the rights of nature to ensure a sustainable future for all generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-criteria decision-making is prevalent across various life domains, marked by significant complexity in identifying viable solutions. This challenge becomes more pronounced in the context of individual rights, particularly for persons with disabilities. In Ecuador, despite the state's inclusive policies for this group, discrimination issues persist, even though they are part of the priority attention grou This study evaluates the effectiveness of legal regulations for people with disabilities using multi-criteria evaluation techniques. The TODIM and PROMETHEE methods were utilized, along with single-value neutrosophic sets based on neutrosophic logic, to appropriately handle indeterminate and inconsistent information typical of real-world scenarios. This approach demonstrates the efficacy of these techniques in solving complex real-life problems across various social sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Education has been enshrined in the 1991 Political Constitution as a social, economic, and cultural right. Consequently, the State is obliged to guarantee access to all inhabitants of the national territory at all educational levels, including higher education and specifically to all academic programs, regardless of their cost or if the institution offering them is not of a public nature. The purpose of this work is to analyze how the State can ensure access to undergraduate medicine programs offered by private universities. This would be accomplished through financing models, such as Income Contingent Loans (ICL), by assessing the costs of tuition for this program in various institutions across the country. Additionally, the investment in academic training will be compared to the economic and labor situation of the recent graduate in order to recoup it. This work was based on a systematic documentary review that included doctrine, jurisprudence, and studies conducted worldwide on this subject. Pursuing a medical degree at a private university in Colombia entails a significant investment. Although the State could finance this education through models like ICL to fulfill its role as a guarantor of access to higher education, the current economic and labor conditions of medical professionals could jeopardize meeting the obligations incurred for their academic training through this educational financing option. Based on the obtained results, financing a medicine program at a private higher education institution in Colombia using the ICL model could pose a financial risk for the State. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas is the property of Revista Faculdad de Derecho y Ciencias Politicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prolegómenos Derechos y Valores is the property of Prolegomenos Derechos y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Foro Revista de Derecho is the property of Universidad Andina Simon Bolivar, Sede Ecuador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En el Ecuador, la Ley Orgánica de la Participación Ciudadana y Control Social promueve el derecho a la participación de todos los ciudadanos, con el propósito de fomentar una mayor intervención en zonas urbanas y rurales. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los factores que influyen en la participación ciudadana de las mujeres en la protección de sus derechos en la parroquia El Coca. En esta investigación, se optó por un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando entrevista y observación a 20 mujeres. Para el análisis, se identificaron cinco categorías principales: prejuicio y estereotipo de género, barreras socioculturales y psicológicas, falta de oportunidades de liderazgo, roles asignados al ámbito domésticos y la necesidad de mayor educación y visualización de sus derechos en espacios comunitarios. Los resultados muestran que estas categorías están relacionadas con un contexto comunitario influenciado por un modelo patriarcal que limita la participación activa de las mujeres en la protección de sus derechos. Se concluye que es fundamental fomentar procesos de empoderamiento y educación en derechos para superar estas barreras y promover mayor equidad en la participación ciudadana.

La consulta previa a los pueblos indígenas en México se fundamenta en el reconocimiento internacional y el marco jurídico nacional que busca proteger y promover los derechos de estas comunidades. Este proceso garantiza que los pueblos indígenas puedan participar en decisiones que afectan sus vidas, territorios y recursos. El Convenio 169 de la OIT y la Declaración de las Naciones Unidas sobre los Derechos de los Pueblos Indígenas, son claves en este reconocimiento. A nivel nacional, la Constitución y diversas leyes refuerzan este derecho. Sin embargo, la implementación de la consulta previa en México ha sido inconsistente, enfrentando desafíos como la falta de claridad en los procedimientos y la resistencia de algunas autoridades y empresas. La reciente sentencia de la SCJN en el caso de la Planta de Amoniaco 2200 en Topolobampo subraya la obligación de realizar consultas genuinas y efectivas con las comunidades indígenas desde las primeras etapas de cualquier proyecto que las afecte.

Este documento es el resultado de una entrevista realizada a Ricardo Rivas, hermano de Paúl Rivas, fotógrafo del diario «El Comercio», quien junto a Paúl Ortega, periodista y Efraín Segarra, conductor, fueron secuestrados y posteriormente asesinados por disidentes del grupo irregular «Frente Oliver Sinisterra» (Torres, A. y Arroyo, M. B., 2019). Fue designado como representante de los trabajadores de medios de comunicación, tanto privados públicos y comunitarios (Consejo de Desarrollo y Promoción de la Información y Comunicación [Consejo de Comunicación], 2023); y, actualmente, ocupa el cargo de Presidente del Mecanismo de Prevención y Protección del Trabajo Periodístico en Ecuador (2024). Esta instancia técnica estatal, de acuerdo con su normativa vigente, “[…] tiene como objeto adoptar medidas de prevención y protección que garanticen el trabajo periodístico, mediante la instauración de políticas de seguridad” (Reglamento General a la Ley Orgánica de Comunicación, 2023, art. 21). Además, se desempeña como vocero oficial de la fundación «Nos Faltan Tres», y está activamente involucrado en diversas acciones dirigidas a evitar la impunidad en el secuestro y asesinato de los tres trabajadores de la comunicación del diario «El Comercio».

Our participation in the XIX Argentine Congress of Therapeutic Accompaniment (AT) organized by the Argentine TA Association (AATRA) at the Faculty of Psychology of the National University of Mar del Plata (UNMDP) motivated a shared writing task in which we propose to think creatively about the about the function of the therapeutic companion (at) as an agent of health and change, through reference and the theoreticalclinical assembly regarding the problems of a girl who, in her transition through puberty, called us to the review of an approach that recreated the importance of interdisciplinary work. The creativity (Winnicott, 1996) of a multi-referential framework (Bálsamo, 2022) allowed us to think about a living space and professional determinations when therapeutically accompanying the emotional development of the girl mentioned as a patient and accompanied In our record of the AT and its meaning, protecting the conditions of right to the psychic process, to the instance of changing and growing, strongly refers us to a place of production of a subjectivity with ample space for the subjectifying (Frison, 2023). It is a position that ethically leads us towards a desire that privileges the singular in listening. A transitionality (Winnicott, 1996) that implies a maintenance in continuity of offering expression to the being, promoting the event and emancipation (Bálsamo, 2022). The presence, his observation and listening available in the exercise of his practice, his place in the interdisciplinary team, make the importance of the function of the at. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work proposed to share the experiences of a project of social insertion and guarantee of rights for the homeless population with damages resulting from the use of alcohol and other drugs of Palmas, Tocantins, between the years 2016 to 2019. The project Palmas Que Te Acolhe was constituted as an existential territory for the transformation of ways of being and living of people living on the streets and who suffer damages resulting from the use of alcohol and other drugs, based on the paradigm of harm reduction, having as a strategy housing first and the offer of a package of rights: housing, food, access to network services, cultural, art and leisure activities and inclusion in income generation strategies. In order to capture photographs and descriptions of this territory, thirteen semi-structured interviews were carried out with workers and beneficiaries of the project and field diaries were created that narrate the course of the research. The Palmas Que Te Acolhe project inaugurated new ways of seeing and talking about the homeless population in the municipality of Palmas, Tocantins, to think about care alternatives that include the complexity of this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article links the issues of the inhabit and housing rights with that of the making of citizenship, which are explored from an anthropological perspective. It is based on the ethographic work developed between 2015-2020 with the inhabitants of a squattered building from the City of Buenos Aires, who face an eviction judgment. It takes up the concept of inhabit introduced by Giglia (2012) and contributions of Holston (2008) and Wanderley (2009) that explore the issue of the access to rights identifying the different languages and modalities of action deployed by the subjects in order to get them. It is argued here that if it prevailed initially the "logic of the necessity" and an action aimed to rend habitable an abandoned property, the "language of rights" emerge later among the inhabitants. In contrast to what the liberal conception suggests, it is concluded that the self-perception of themselves as "subjects of rights" is not something given but a process that is built from the "logic of necessity", the horizontal links that the subjects establish among themselves and with social organizations, and the vertical relationships established with the State in a mostly collective way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Roca: Revista Científico-Educacional de la Provincia de Granma is the property of Universidad de Granma, Departamento Editorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Question (1669-6581) is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação is the property of Ensaio: Avaliacao e Politicas Publicas em Educacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of REICE. Ibero-American Journal on Quality, Effectiveness & Change in Education / REICE. Revista Iberoamericana Sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación is the property of Red Iberoamericana de Investigacion sobre Cambio y Eficacia en Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La flexibilidad laboral y las políticas laborales son elementos cruciales en la configuración del mercado laboral y la tasa de desempleo. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la flexibilidad laboral y las políticas laborales en correlación de las tendencias legales de los derechos de trabajadores en Ecuador, durante el período de 2015 a 2022. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa basada en análisis econométrico de datos estadísticos y económicos, complementada con un análisis de tendencias legales relevantes. Los datos fueron recopilados de fuentes confiables como la Organización Internacional del Trabajo, el Banco Central del Ecuador y el Banco Mundial. Los resultados mostraron una asociación significativa entre la flexibilidad laboral y la tasa de desempleo, sugiriendo prácticas laborales adaptativas a los procesos de transformación económicos, políticos y sociales que contribuyen a reducir el desempleo; sin embargo, las políticas laborales implementadas desde lo nacional ejercen influencias sobre los indicadores económicos. En conclusión, el estudio destaca la importancia de la flexibilidad laboral, como un factor que correlaciona con diversos factores para reducir el desempleo y promover la inclusión laboral en Ecuador, lo cual demanda la promulgación, reformas y condiciones imperativas para los derechos de los trabajadores inclusivos e igualitarios.

En el resguardo indígena de Guachucal los comuneros empeñan y desempeñan su trabajo y su vida en la tierra con buen ánimo y voluntad. El empeño y desempeño refiere a una obligación o voluntad que se adquiere, se cumple y se devuelve cuando un comunero es nombrado para un cargo o al entregarle un pedacito de tierra para que la trabaje. La voluntad se gana con esfuerzo y trabajo, el comunero debe participar activamente de las mingas que hace la comunidad y trabajar la tierra que heredó. Este artículo presenta las posesiones de tierra y las posesiones del cargo como momentos por excelencia en donde las voluntades son transmitidas de los de adelante a los que vienen atrás, a través de objetos y sustancias que comprometen al comunero a acompañar. Además, se propone que entregar y devolver es posible porque los cargos, las obligaciones, las voluntades y la tierra están en posesión y no en propiedad. Todo aquello que esté en posesión debe ser entregado, devuelto, heredado o transmitido a los que vienen atrás. Esta investigación aporta a la teoría del don de Marcel Mauss y amplía la teoría de la agencia de las cosas de Alfred Gell.

Con este análisis se pretende establecer la importancia del uso informado y formado de las redes sociales digitales, las cuales permiten ejercer entre otros derechos, los civiles y políticos, como la participación ciudadana; el derecho de reunirse y asociarse en los entornos digitales; a expresarse libremente y manifestar cualquier pensamiento u opinión política sin injerencias arbitrarias; el derecho de buscar, recibir y difundir información pública sin consideración de fronteras, en igualdad de condiciones y garantizando medidas de protección contra cualquier discriminación; el derecho a la privacidad y a no ser objeto de ataques en las comunicaciones privadas online. Estos derechos humanos digitales —atendiendo a la ONU— deben ser garantizados y protegidos para todos los sectores y grupos sociales, ya que su ejercicio a través de las redes sociales contribuye a fortalecer el vínculo entre gobierno-ciudadanía, permitiendo una comunicación multidireccional, es decir, de forma horizontal entre ciudadanos y de forma vertical entre instituciones y ciudadanía, y promoviendo la supervisión y vigilancia multilateral, la rendición de cuentas y la protesta online. Para la construcción de este análisis se utilizó metodología comparativa y exploratoria, con técnicas de investigación bibliográfica y documental, lo que permitió vincular a las redes sociales digitales con el derecho a la participación ciudadana y otros derechos y libertades como las de expresión, de reunión, de asociación y de acceso a la información.

Actualmente, no pocas veces continúan vigentes patrones de comportamiento discriminatorio contra las personas que se encuentran en situación de pobreza, apoyados en mitos, falsas creencias, ideas estereotipadas, prejuicios y estigmas hacia las personas pobres o en situación de exclusión social. De esta forma, se genera una discriminación y, por tanto, un aislamiento y una revictimización de esas personas en situación vulnerable, que justifica el planteamiento de esta investigación. Así, el presente trabajo pretende indagar en las representaciones sociales acerca de las personas pobres, sirviéndose de una metodología cuantitativa no experimental. Se diseñó un cuestionario ad hoc, conformado por 27 ítems que combinan preguntas de escala tipo Likert, de opción múltiple, preguntas cerradas y preguntas abiertas y que fue aplicado a una muestra de n=160 participantes. Tras analizar e interpretar los datos, y de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, constatamos la existencia de creencias y pensamientos que muestran todavía índices negativos, que subrayan la necesidad de intervención, pues todavía queda pendiente un vasto trabajo de concienciación para que la sociedad sea capaz de reconocer y empatizar con los grupos sociales vulnerables y los problemas que sufren. A modo de conclusión, se enfatiza la importancia de una intervención psicosocial y educativa, indispensable para sensibilizar a la población, dar mayor visibilidad al colectivo, reducir las barreras que coartan su desarrollo y conseguir así su plena inclusión en la sociedad.

El presente artículo se enmarca en el desarrollo de la tesis doctoral en prácticas discriminatorias hacia mujeres y personas con orientaciones sexuales diversas de la zona rural de Boyacá. Tiene como objetivo comprender los aportes que el enfoque interseccional ha dado a la investigación de problemáticas sociales y el acceso a la garantía de derechos que mejoran la calidad de vida a través del análisis de algunas sentencias de la Corte Constitucional. Se hace un análisis de la génesis de la violencia en Colombia; destaca hechos históricos que contribuyeron a la promulgación de la Constitución Política de Colombia. Para la metodología, se rastrearon sentencias de la Corte Constitucional cuyo análisis y jurisprudencia se relacionará con la Interseccionalidad.

La denominada desigualdad vertical es uno de los temas centrales del debate internacional de los últimos años ya que su desmedido crecimiento ha alcanzado límites intolerables en términos éticos y económicos que no pueden ser ya ignorados por nadie. Al respecto se discute la manera de abordar el problema. En concreto el movimiento de los derechos considera que puede ofrecer herramientas útiles para enfrentar esta injusta situación, mientras otros dudan de la relación entre desigualdad económica y derechos humanos y de la capacidad de los derechos humanos para luchar frente a este tipo de desigualdad. En esta tesitura se pueden distinguir posiciones “en contra”, “a favor” e “intermedias”. Analizar atentamente este debate y los conceptos que en él se manejan es de fundamental relevancia para valorar el problema de raíz que está detrás de los llamados derechos económicos, sociales y culturales, y que tiene que ver entre otras cosas con un problema de concepto y fundamentación de los derechos. Al respecto se destacan los argumentos esenciales y se muestran críticamente las definiciones y consideraciones más cuestionables con el objetivo de afianzar a continuación una noción de derechos sociales más resistente. Una solución razonable pasa por combinar el proyecto de suficiencia con el proyecto de igualdad volviendo a las bases del auténtico Estado social de Derecho que dio origen a estos derechos y que los configura como derechos de dignidad basados en la libertad real, la igualdad sustancial y también la solidaridad, ésta última prácticamente ausente en el debate.

Este artículo reseña: Corrado DEL BÒ, La giustizia. Un’introduzione filosófica, Carocci editore, Roma, 2022, 143 pp.

Este trabajo incluye algunas reflexiones sobre los desafíos a los derechos que derivan del populismo, de la tecnología y de la geopolítica.

Este artículo aborda la cuestión relativa a la crisis de la efectividad de los derechos humanos y fundamentales. Se trata de un desafío que requiere compromiso, vigilancia, responsabilidad compartida. Los derechos son una herramienta indispensable para expresar el valor de la dignidad que está ligada a la vulnerabilidad como condición humana común. Los derechos son un tipo de práctica social encaminada a su implementación y concreción. Está formada por principios, reglas, instituciones, procedimientos, actitudes, actos de interpretación. Esta práctica juega un papel importante para contrarrestar y eliminar las situaciones que producen violaciones de los sujetos en sus múltiples diferencias y existencias específicas.

The article focuses on examining public policies in Ecuador to mitigate violence against children and adolescents, this in the context that the rates of violence in the country have increased over the years and the ways in which they are produces are diverse, as well as the aggressors are no longer only found in the family environment but also in the school environment and in other areas where the minor has participation. In this sense, a review of the regulations in force in the country is carried out to assess their coverage and effectiveness based on international instruments on which they are based. The result of this review has made it possible to identify that despite the diversity of legal instruments, children’s rights continue to be violated, which infers the need for actions to reinforce the guarantees of their compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela establishes the State-society relationship as a transversal axis, made possible through the presence of greater spaces for citizen participation that act in the defense and guarantee of social, civil and political rights. This article identifies these spaces in the field of housing through the actions managed since the 1960s and, particularly, those carried out through the "Great Housing Mission in Venezuela". This article identifies these spaces in the field of housing through the actions managed since the sixties and, particularly, those carried out through the "Great Housing Mission Venezuela" which, without a doubt, has become a social program that promotes the emergence of new leaderships through organizational figures and the involvement of citizens in addressing collective issues that interfere and provide a better quality of life. Through a qualitative approach, with the objective of understanding the role of the citizen in this social program, an approach is presented in the identified spaces for citizen participation. This is analyzed with the understanding that participation seeks to give prominence and co-responsibility to the individual, organized communities and associative entities in the management of public affairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today's societies are committed to strengthen the processes of labor inclusion of people with disabilities, responding to the needs of recognition of the diversity of knowledge, skills and abilities of the workforce, in addition to the social responsibility of organizations. This research focused on identifying the labor inclusion processes implemented in the organizations of Armenia, Quindío. Under a quantitative methodological approach of instrumental type, a sample of 143 workers related to the human management area of the organizations. The instrument used was the Working Inclusion Disability People Scale -WINDIPS- based on the dimensions of presence, permanence and progress, which are developed from different inclusive practices. The final version of 13 items with a Likert-type response option. Finally, a total score was obtained in which 24.7 % had low inclusion practices, 53.5 % medium and 21.8 % a high level. It was identified that more than half of the participating organizations still need to improve their working inclusion practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intermediaries are professionals who enable the effective right of access to justice for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, ensuring principles of equity, participation, accessibility and self-determination for them. This paper analyzes the presence and formative background of this figure from an international comparative perspective. Nowadays, we can find these professionals in the international law across different countries: some Nordic countries, United Kingdom, Israel, Azerbaijan, Taiwan, South Africa, Kenya, Canada, part of the USA, Mexico and Chile, Australia and New Zealand. In Spain, intermediaries are considered in the latest reform of the civil and procedural legislation (Law 8/2021, June the 2nd). This paper analyzes the formative background of this figure from an international comparative perspective. We find both formal and non-formal education in the background of these professionals. There is no doubt their profile must adjust to the needs of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and the contexts that require the facilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Justice. A philosophical introduction" analyzes the difficulty of reflecting on justice from the philosophy of law. It emphasizes that the notion of justice is an emotive concept and its meaning depends on the contents included in the idea of justice. The book proposes a conceptual construction of the idea of justice and explores its relationship with ethics, law, and politics. It also addresses issues related to moral relativism, the relationship between law and justice, the importance of subjective rights, and the relevance of freedom in the realm of justice. Additionally, it raises the instrumental relationship between justice and rights in the organization of society, the extent and problems of rights and freedoms in society, and the question of whether it is necessary to extend the limits of justice to non-human realities. The importance of justifying decisions considered just or unjust, as well as the relationship between justice and natural law, is also addressed. The need for an adequate conceptualization of justice to guarantee coexistence and social cooperation is emphasized. [Extracted from the article]

The so-called vertical inequality is one of the central issues of the international debate in recent years, as its unbridled growth has reached intolerable limits in ethical and economic terms that can no longer be ignored by anyone. The Rights Movement believes that it can offer useful tools for dealing with this unjust situation., while others doubt about the relationship between economic inequality and human rights and about the capacity of human rights to fight against this kind of inequality. In the discussion there are opposing, supporting and intermediate positions on this thesis. A careful analysis of this debate and the concepts involved in it is of fundamental relevance in order to assess the root problem behind the economic, social and cultural rights, which has to do with, among other things, a question of concept and foundation of rights. The aim here is to highlight the main arguments and to critically examine the most questionable definitions and considerations in order to then establish a more robust concept of social rights. A reasonable solution is to combine the project of sufficiency with the project of equality by returning to the foundations of the genuine social rule of law, which gave rise to these rights and which configures them as rights of dignity based on real freedom, substantive equality and also solidarity, which is little mentioned in the debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the question regarding the crisis of the effectiveness of human and fundamental rights. This is a challenge that requires commitment, vigilance, shared liability. Rights are an indispensable tool for expressing the value of dignity that is linked to vulnerability as a common human condition. Rights are a type of social practice aimed at their implementation and concretization. It is made up of principles, rules, institutions, procedures, attitudes, acts of interpretation. This practice plays an important role in countering and eliminating the situations that produce violations concerning the subjects in their multiple differences and specific existences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper includes some reflections on the challenges for rights deriving from populism, technology and geopolitics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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