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As the lack of exposure to Sarawak history to the current generation is acknowledged, the dearth of access to tactile evidence further deters students' motivation to learn about the local history and the dry, static pedagogical methods instructors use to teach History in school. The exclusion of History subjects in examinations at the pre-university level further reduces the interest and engagement towards the subject, given the exam-oriented learning behaviour practised by Malaysian students. This study has been designed to incorporate computer-supporting and collaborative learning ideas in teaching and learning History. The literature review reinforces the benefit of collaborative learning in improving students' critical thinking and understanding. Technology in education should be used as an engager and facilitator for learners to communicate their ideas and provide student autonomy collaboratively. The study aims to motivate pre-university students in Sarawak to learn important yet lesser-known local history while learning about the technological tools available, all by incorporating frugality. In this project, these advantages have been optimized by implementing collaborative activities over the Internet, involving sixteen participants from two institutions selected by convenience sampling. Expert reviews were sought to polish the research design before conducting the project. Data was collected via observation and online questionnaires. Computer-supported collaborative learning to learn history by incorporating physical and virtual platforms, as well as real-time communication, has been successfully done through this study, based on the participants' product accomplishment, positive questionnaire feedback, and field observation. Future work could focus on expanding the digital collaboration tools and opportunities that may enhance the History learning experience.

Teachers play an important role in forming an organized and effective school organization to produce quality human beings who are able to bring change to the country in the future. Competence refers to the knowledge, skills, and personal characteristics or personality traits that teachers need to possess to perform a task or responsibility. This article aims to discuss the competence of Muslim teachers based on surah ar Rahman verses 1 to 4. The methodology of this study is qualitative by using the method of content analysis of several books of tafsir, namely Tafsir Pimpinan ar-Rahman, Tafsir al-Azhar, Tafsir al-Munir and Tafsir al-Quran of Radio. The findings show that there are four competencies of teachers found in surah ar-Rahman verses 1 to 4, namely competencies from personal, professional, pedagogical and social aspects. The appreciation of the competencies stated in this surah is able to shape the character of Muslim teachers who are skilled in all aspects and will give birth to a generation of teachers with noble personalities as well as able to face all the challenges and transformation of increasingly challenging education. Abstrak Guru memainkan peranan penting dalam membentuk satu organisasi sekolah yang teratur dan berkesan bagi melahirkan insan yang berkualiti serta mampu membawa perubahan pada negara pada masa akan datang. Kompetensi merujuk kepada pengetahuan, kemahiran, dan ciri-ciri peribadi atau personality traits yang perlu dimiliki oleh para guru bagi melaksanakan sesuatu tugasan atau tanggungjawab. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan kompetensi guru Muslim berdasarkan surah ar-Rahman ayat 1 hingga 4. Metodologi kajian ini adalah secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan terhadap beberapa kitab tafsir iaitu Tafsir Pimpinan ar-Rahman, Tafsir al-Azhar, Tafsir al -Munir dan Tafsir al-Quran di Radio. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa terdapat empat kompetensi guru yang terdapat dalam surah ar-Rahman ayat 1 hingga 4 iaitu kompetensi dari aspek peribadi, profesional, pedagogi dan sosial. Penghayatan terhadap kompetensi yang dinyatakan dalam surah ini mampu membentuk karakter guru Muslim yang berketerampilan dalam segala aspek seterusnya akan melahirkan generasi guru berperibadi mulia sekaligus mampu menghadapi segala cabaran dan transformasi pendidikan yang semakin mencabar.

One proof of Kediri's progress is the construction of Doho Kediri International Airport which is expected to improve the economy and tourism in this city. The airport was built with the aim of improving connectivity and suppressing development disparities in southern East Java. The purpose of this study is to plan the construction of an earthquake-resistant which is gravity retaining wall on the Grogol Kediri Highway, Kediri Regency. . Planning is carried out at STA 3.8-4.0. , soil laboratory testing on samples obtained from the studied location. Identification of the soil type, sliding angle, and weight of the soil volume at the site are needed to determine the planning of earthquake-resistant retaining walls. From the soil properties obtained, it can be determined that the land is included in the GC (Clayey Gravel) category With a shear angle of 28° and a weight of 1.463 gr/cm3. These results were used to calculate the dimensions and the stability of the retaining wall using the Coulomb method. The retaining wall should have a peak body width of 1 meter, foundation width of 3.8 meters, foundation thickness of 1 meter, foundation depth of 1.04 meters, foot and heel width of 0.9 meters, height of 6 meters, and bottom body thickness of 2 meters. Based on stability calculations, the retaining wall is safe against overturning, shifting, and subsidence. Therefore, this retaining wall is a viable solution to prevent landslides and mitigate the negative impacts caused by them.

Studies on soil erodibility in Malaysia were critically reviewed. Soil erodibility is the only factor of Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), which requires laboratory work and analysis complexity to estimate soil loss. Therefore, the main objective is to review soil erodibility studies to enhance understanding of Malaysia’s soil erosion impacts. These studies were summarized in their application, purpose, value, utilization method/approach, and study location. On the other hand, a summarization of what, why, where, and how the soil erodibility was used was analyzed. Therefore, the importance of soil erodibility as input for environmental management and conservation practices can be addressed. For a large-scale area, the soil erodibility factor will be analyzed as one of the USLE variables in estimating the erosion rate. As for a small-scale area, this factor is an adaption of the ROM Scale, which use to identify the slopes or riverbanks prone to landslides induced by erosion. However, the determination of this factor requires extensive artistry, time, and cost. These would be an obstacle to the holistic assessment of soil erosion impacts since only a little soil sampling will be analyzed. Therefore, the simplified version for the determination of soil erodibility without any requirement of laboratory works will be an extra mile, especially for an area that does not have any information on soil series.

This article is a concept paper on the practice and planning of ministries and educational institutions of technical and vocational training (TVET) in facing the industrial revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0). In line with the changes of the era, all sectors are changing including the technical and vocational education (TVET) sector. This makes the education system meet the demands of the industry in line with industry developments that emphasize the use of technology and cyber-physical systems in carrying out daily activities. The objective of this review is to identify current practices and planning of ministries and institutions of technical vocational education and training (TVET) in the face of IR 4.0. Besides, the education ministry's emphasis on the pillar of technological advancement in learning such as the Internet of things (IoT), cybersecurity, 3D printing, and others helped TVET students apply and prepare themselves for industry change 4.0. The response to TVET lessons has received a positive response among Malaysians as a platform for industry change 4.0. Therefore, all the planning and practices in TVET lessons will give the graduate more focus on improving the quality of the job market.

Cloud computing is a ubiquitous platform that offers a wide range of online services to clients including but not limited to information and software over the Internet. It is an essential role of cloud computing to enable sharing of resources on-demand over the network including servers, applications, storage, services, and database to the end-users who are remotely connected to the network. Task scheduling is one of the significant function in the cloud computing environment which plays a vital role to sustain the performance of the system and improve its efficiency. Task scheduling is considered as an NP-complete problem in many contexts, however, the heterogeneity of resources in the cloud environment negatively influence on the job scheduling process. Furthermore, on the other side, the heuristic algorithms have satisfying performance but unable to achieve the desired level of the efficiency for optimizing the scheduling in a cloud environment. Thus, this paper aims at evaluating the effectiveness of the hybrid meta-heuristic that incorporate genetic algorithm along with DE algorithm (GA-DE) in terms of make-span. In addition, the paper also intends to enhance the performance of the task scheduling in the heterogeneous cloud environment exploiting the scientific workflows (Cybershake, Montage, and Epigenomics). The proposed algorithm (GA-DE) has been compared against three heuristic algorithms, namely: HEFT-Upward Rank, HEFT – Downward Rank, and HEFT – Level Rank. The simulation results prove that the proposed algorithm (GA-DE) outperforms the other existing algorithms in all cases in terms of make-span.

Purpose Optimisation of grinding processes involves enhancing the surface quality and reducing the cost of manufacturing through reduction of power consumptions. Recent research works have indicated the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) system is used to achieve near dry machining of alloys and hard materials. This study aims to provide an experimental analysis of the grinding process during machining of aluminium alloy (Al6061-T6). MQL nanofluid was used as the lubricant for the grinding operations. The lubricant was formed by suspending silicon dioxide nanoparticles in canola vegetable oil. The effect of input parameters (i.e. nanoparticle concentration, depth of cut, air pressure and feed rate) on the grinding forces and surface quality was studied. Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) prediction modelling was used to predict the specific normal force, specific tangential force and surface quality, the ANFIS models were found to have prediction accuracies of 97.4, 96.6 and 98.5 per cent, respectively. Further study shows that both the specific grinding forces and surface roughness are inversely proportional to the nanofluid concentration. Also, the depth of cut and table feed rate were found to have a directly proportional relationship with both the grinding forces and surface roughness. Moreover, higher MQL air pressure was found to offer better delivery of the atomised nanofluid into the grinding region. Design/methodology/approach Grinding experiments were performed using MQL nanofluid as the lubricant. The lubricant was formed by suspending silicon dioxide nanoparticles in canola vegetable oil. The effect of input parameters (i.e. nanoparticle concentration, depth of cut, air pressure and feed rate) on the grinding forces and surface quality has been studied. Findings The grinding process parameters were optimised using Taguchi S/N ratio analysis, whereas the prediction of the response parameters was done using ANFIS modelling technique. The developed ANFIS models for predicting the specific normal force, specific tangential force and surface quality were found to have prediction accuracies of 97.4, 96.6 and 98.5 per cent, respectively. Further findings show that both the specific grinding forces and surface roughness are inversely proportional to the percentage of nanoparticle concentration in the lubricant. Also, the depth of cut and table feed rate were found to exhibit a direct proportional relationship with both the grinding forces and surface roughness, while high MQL air pressure was observed to offer more efficient delivery of the atomised nanofluid into the grinding region. Practical implications The work can applied into manufacturing industries to prevent unnecessary trials and material wastages. Originality/value The purpose of this study is to develop an artificial intelligent model for predicting the outcomes of MQL grinding of the aluminium alloy material using ANFIS modelling technique.