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12,468 results on '"Department of Plant Sciences"'

1. Anti-diabetic Activity of Partially Purified Santalin A from the Heartwood of Pterocarpus santalinus L.f. in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Wistar Rat

Author: Chaitanya Pagadala, Jyothi; Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad âˆ’ 500046, Telangana, Yenugu, Suresh; Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad âˆ’ 500046, Telangana, Gudipalli, Padmaja; Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad âˆ’ 500046, Telangana, Chaitanya Pagadala, Jyothi; Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad âˆ’ 500046, Telangana, Yenugu, Suresh; Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad âˆ’ 500046, Telangana, and Gudipalli, Padmaja; Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad âˆ’ 500046, Telangana
Abstract: The ever-increasing use of plant-based pharmaceuticals as alternatives to conventional drugs for disease management demands identification, isolation, and characterization of novel compounds. Despite the potential of plant extracts to mitigate the morbidity of diseases, several active principles are preferred to avoid the interference of other compounds. The promising health benefits of the extracts and isolated compounds of Pterocarpus santalinus in the treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and infections have been described. However, such studies on the active principle, namely, santalins, are not reported. In this study, we standardized the isolation of a mixture of santalins A and B from the heartwood of P. santalinus by column chromatography followed by preparative TLC and HPLC. The partially purified santalins were characterized by LC-MS, HR-MS, and 1H NMR analyses. The isolated combination of santalins displayed higher total antioxidant and DPPH free radical scavenging activity in vitro than the crude heartwood extracts. Administration of the mixture of santalins A and B did not exhibit any antihyperglycemic activity in the liver, kidney, and pancreas of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. However, pretreatment of rats with a mixture of santalins at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg body weight prevented alloxan-induced diabetes as indicated by the normal blood glucose levels. Hyperglycemia-associated lipid peroxidation was abrogated in santalin-pretreated rats that did not develop alloxan-induced diabetes. Furthermore, the alterations in catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase activities in the pancreas of santalinpretreated rats could be responsible for preventing damage to the pancreas and thus non-induction of diabetes following alloxan treatment. Therefore, for the first time, we report the simplified procedure for isolating a mixture of santalins, including their ability to prevent the induction of diabetes in Wistar rats. The outc
Published: 2021

2. An intercontinental analysis of food safety culture in view of food safety governance and national values

Author: Nyarugwe, Shingai P, Linnemann, Anita R, Ren, Yingxue, Bakker, Evert-Jan, Kussaga, Jamal B, Watson, Derek, Fogliano, Vincenzo, Luning, Pieternel A, Food Quality and Design Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands, Management Science, School of Economics and Management, Tianjin Polytechnic University, 300387, Tianjin, People's Republic of China, Mathematical and Statistical Methods-Biometris, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3006, Morogoro, Tanzania, and Sunderland Business School, University of Sunderland, UK, Reg Vardy Centre, St Peter's, Sunderland, UK
Subjects: Food industry, Vulnerability, top_tourism, top_businessandmanagement, Food safety program, 01 natural sciences, Wiskundige en Statistische Methoden - Biometris, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory, Food safety performance, Marketing, China, Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, VLAG, business.industry, Corporate governance, 010401 analytical chemistry, National values, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Food safety, 040401 food science, Food safety governance, 0104 chemical sciences, Food Quality and Design, Food processing, top_culturalstudies, business, Tourism, Food Science, Biotechnology, Food safety culture assessment
Abstract: Taking food safety culture into account is a promising way to improve food safety performance in the food industry. Food safety culture (FS-culture) research is expanding from an organisational perspective to include characteristics of the internal and external company environment. In this study, the prevailing food safety culture in 17 food companies from four countries on three continents (Africa, Asia and Europe) was assessed in view of food safety governance and national values. The internal environment characteristics, i.e. food safety vision, food safety program and food production system vulnerability, were also assessed. Statistical analysis revealed little variation in FS-culture scores between the companies within the same country. Overall the FS- culture for Greek and Zambian companies was scored proactive, while for Chinese and Tanzanian companies an active score was achieved. Both the internal and external company environment seemed to influence the pre- vailing FS-culture. Cluster analysis showed that Tanzanian and Zambian companies exhibited similarities in the implementation of food safety programs, and in their national values and food safety governance as compared to Greece and China. Food safety governance was reflected in the food safety programs and supportiveness of the organisation to food safety and hygiene. All cultural dimensions were correlated with risk perceptions, with masculinity and long-term orientation also significantly correlated with the enabling conditions and attitude. Understanding how national values and food safety governance approaches differently influence food safety culture is expected to enable formulation of best approaches tailored for companies operating in countries with different company environments, to improve food safety performance.
Published: 2020

3. Zur Kenntniss der Phycomyceten.

Author: Zopf, W. (Wilhelm), 1846-1909, University of Cambridge. Department of Plant Sciences, University Library, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Zopf, W. (Wilhelm), 1846-1909, and University of Cambridge. Department of Plant Sciences
Subjects: Algae, Diseases and pests, Phycomycetes, Phytopathogenic fungi
Published: 1884

4. A day in the life of a content miner and team

Author: Arrow, Tom; ContentMine, Molloy, Jenny; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Murray-Rust, Peter; Reader Emeritus in Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Arrow, Tom; ContentMine, Molloy, Jenny; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, and Murray-Rust, Peter; Reader Emeritus in Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge
Abstract: It’s tough for Peter getting out of bed today – yesterday he travelled to Brussels and back, fighting for ‘The Right to Read is the Right to Mine’ (R2RR2M). Content mining – also known as text and data mining (TDM) – is a hot topic in Europe. It’s got huge promise, with two million scholarly publications a year and so much data that we can’t take it all in – 5,000 papers a day (and grey literature, and theses, and…). So we must have machines to help.
Published: 2016

5. Antimicrobial Activities of the Ethanol Extracts of Mirabilis jalapa L. and Euphorbia dendroide.

Author: Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Peshawar Pakistan, Ikram, Muhammad; Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra,Pakistan., Jan, Gul; Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra,Pakistan., Dad, Saim; Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra,Pakistan., ., Nasrullah; Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan., ., Suliman; Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra,Pakistan., Fazl, Hina; Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR), Peshawar, Pakistan., Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Peshawar Pakistan, Ikram, Muhammad; Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra,Pakistan., Jan, Gul; Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra,Pakistan., Dad, Saim; Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra,Pakistan., ., Nasrullah; Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan., ., Suliman; Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra,Pakistan., and Fazl, Hina; Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR), Peshawar, Pakistan.
Abstract: Antimicrobial activity was examined from two selected plants: Mirabilis jalap L. (stem, leaves and seeds) and Euphorbia dendroide (stem, leaves and root) different parts were screened against seven bacterial strains; three Gram positive (Staphlyococus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus atropoeusand), four Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonila typhi and Kleibsiella pneumonia) and one fungal strain Candida albican. Antibacterial activity was determined by the disc diffusion method; crude extracts were obtained by using ethanol as the extraction solvent. Two concentrations (6 mg/ml and 12 mg/ml) were used to check the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts. The result showed that Euphorbia dendroide different parts extracts were more active against gram negative bacteria and fungal strain then Mirabilis jalap L. while both plants showed good activity against gram positive bacteria. Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin and Clotrimezole (50 µg/ml) were used as a standard drugs
Published: 2014

6. Efficient free radical scavenging activity of Ginkgo biloba, Stevia rebaudiana and Parthenium hysterophorous leaves through DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)

Author: Ahmad, Nisar; Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320 Pakistan, Fazal, Hina; Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320 Pakistan Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan, Abbasi, Bilal Haider; Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320 Pakistan., Farooq, Shahid; Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan, Ahmad, Nisar; Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320 Pakistan, Fazal, Hina; Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320 Pakistan Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan, Abbasi, Bilal Haider; Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320 Pakistan., and Farooq, Shahid; Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Peshawar 25100, Pakistan
Abstract: Free radical scavenging activity of three important plants Ginkgo biloba, Stevia rebaudiana and Parthenium hysterophorous was carried out to evaluate and explore new potential sources of natural antioxidants. For this purpose the leaves of the three plants were processed. In these experiments the order of the antioxidant activity was, maximum activity shown by methanolic extract of Ginkgo biloba followed by Parthenium hysterophorous and Stevia rebaudiana. Furthermore the ethanolic extract of Ginkgo biloba also showed maximum antioxidant activity seconded by Stevia rebaudiana and Parthenium hysterophorous.Keywords: Ginkgo biloba, Stevia rebaudiana and Parthenium hysterophorous, DPPH, radical scavenging activity
Published: 2011

7. Toxicity of secondary compounds to the seed-eating larvae of the bruchid beetle Callosobruchus maculatus

Author: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A., Department of Plant Sciences, University of London, King's College, 68 Half Moon Lane, London SE24 9JF U.K., Janzen, Daniel H., Juster, Harvey B., Arthur Bell, E., Division of Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A., Department of Plant Sciences, University of London, King's College, 68 Half Moon Lane, London SE24 9JF U.K., Janzen, Daniel H., Juster, Harvey B., and Arthur Bell, E.
Abstract: By incorporating various secondary compounds in the normal diet of larval Callosobruchus maculatus bruchids, we show that the effects of any particular compound are dosage-dependent. Alkaloids are generally the most toxic of the compounds tested. Non-protein amino acids are more toxic than protein amino acids but the latter can be toxic at 1 and 5% incorporation in the diet. The non-protein amino acid homoarginine has a salutary effect on larval survival at low concentrations. A variety of other secondary compounds found in seeds are toxic at various levels representative of those levels found in seeds in nature, and for all secondary compounds tested a 0.1-5% incorporation in the diet often has a detrimental effect on production of adult beetles. We conclude that many of the secondary compounds found in seeds are likely to be toxic to at least some animal, and thus are likely to be responsible at least in part for the extreme host-specifity shown by seed-eating insects.
Published: 2006

8. IgE-reactive 60S Ribosomal Protein P2 in Almond (Prunus Dulcis) and Walnut (Juglans Regia), a New Class of Food Allergen Cross-reactive with Fungal Aeroallergens

Author: Tawde, Pallavi, Abolhassani, Mohsen, Seamon, Vanessa, Teuber, Suzanne, Wang, Fang, Uratsu, Sandra, Dandekar, Abhya, Vieths, Stefan, Sathe, Shridhar, and Roux, Kenneth
Published: 2007
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9. VIABILIDADE DO CULTIVO DE ALHO EM FUNÇÃO DA SANIDADE, TAMANHO DO BULBILHO E ESPAÇAMENTO

Author: Antonia Tamires Monteiro Bessa, Welder de Araújo Rangel Lopes, Mayky Francley Pereira de Lima, Francisco Vilela Resende, Leilson Costa Grangeiro, Maria Zuleide de Negreiros, MAYKY FRANCLEY PEREIRA DE LIMA, SESI - Serviço Social da Indústria, Mossoró, RN, WELDER DE ARAÚJO RANGEL LOPES, Department of plant sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, MARIA ZULEIDE DE NEGREIROS, 3Department of plant sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, FRANCISCO VILELA RESENDE, CNPH, ANTÔNIA TAMIRES MONTEIRO BESSA, Department of plant sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, and LEILSON COSTA GRANGEIRO, Department of plant sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN.
Subjects: Allium sativum L. Profitability. Density of planting, Density of planting, Allium sativum L, Randomized block design, Alho, Biology, Rentabilidade, Allium sativum L. Rentabilidade. Densidade de plantio, Bulb, Toxicology, Allium Sativum, Yield (wine), Profitability, Densidade de plantio, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Management practices
Abstract: Garlic is a vegetable that has a high economic importance for Brazil. However, despite increases in garlic bulb production in the last years, Brazil is still dependent on imported garlic to meet the national demand. Thus, proper management practices and the use of virus-free clove-seeds are promising alternatives to ensure a high productivity and profitability. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate production characteristics and profitability of conventional and virus-free garlic crops as a function of different clove-seed sizes and plant spacings. Two experiments were conducted simultaneously, using virus-free and conventional garlic plants in Portalegre, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, in a randomized block experimental design, with four replications. The treatments were arranged in split-plot, with the clove-seed size (large and small) in the plots, and the spacing between plants (7.5, 10.0, 12.5, and 15.0 cm) in the subplots. The combination between the use of virus-free clove-seeds, large clove-seed size, and spacing of 12.5 cm between plants resulted in the highest commercial bulb yield and net income, R$ (BRL) 85,151.00 ha-1. The use of large clove-seeds and spacing of 7.5 cm between plants are recommended for conventional garlic crops. RESUMO O alho é uma hortaliça de grande importância econômica para o Brasil. No entanto, apesar da produtividade do alho brasileiro ter aumentado nos últimos anos, ainda há uma dependência do alho importado para atender a demanda interna. Dessa forma, práticas de manejo e o uso de alho-semente livre de vírus, tornam -se uma alternativa promissora para garantir maiores produtividades e rentabilidade. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar características de produção e rentabilidade do cultivo de alho convencional e livre de vírus em função do tamanho de bulbilho-semente e espaçamento entre plantas. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos simultaneamente, utilizando alho livre de vírus e convencional, em Portalegre-RN. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas representadas pelo tamanho dos bulbilhos: grande e pequenos. As subparcelas foram compostas por quatro espaçamentos entre plantas: 7,5; 10,0; 12,5 e 15,0 cm. A combinação entre o alhosemente livre de vírus, bulbilho de tamanho grande e espaçamento de 12,5 cm entre plantas resultou em maior produtividade comercial e receita líquida (R$ 85.151,00 ha-1). Para o alho convencional, sugere-se a utilização de bulbilhos grandes com espaçamento de 7,5 cm entre plantas.
Published: 2021

10. Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles

Author: Franc, Gary [Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, WY (United States). Department of Plant Sciences]
Published: 2016
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11. Global distribution of earthworm diversity

Author: André L.C. Franco, Michiel Rutgers, Miguel Á. Rodríguez, Thomas W. Crowther, Helen Phillips, Tunsisa T. Hurisso, Olaf Schmidt, Matthew W. Warren, Shishir Paudel, Michael B. Wironen, Mónica Gutiérrez López, Basil V. Iannone, Aidan M. Keith, Amy Choi, Esperanza Huerta Lwanga, Boris Schröder, Olga Ferlian, Jaswinder Singh, Javier Rodeiro-Iglesias, Martin Holmstrup, Geoff H. Baker, Yahya Kooch, Rosa Fernández, Konstantin B. Gongalsky, Lindsey Norgrove, Eric Blanchart, Madhav P. Thakur, Felicity Crotty, Steven J. Vanek, Thomas Bolger, Jan Hendrik Moos, Guillaume Xavier Rousseau, Marie Luise Carolina Bartz, Iñigo Virto, Michael Steinwandter, Kelly S. Ramirez, Veikko Huhta, Ulrich Brose, Michel Loreau, Davorka K. Hackenberger, David J. Russell, Loes van Schaik, Salvador Rebollo, Jonatan Klaminder, Gerardo Moreno, Benjamin Schwarz, Julia Seeber, Yvan Capowiez, David A. Wardle, Bernd Blossey, Franciska T. de Vries, Christoph Emmerling, Robert L. Bradley, Courtland Kelly, Liliana B. Falco, Alexander M. Roth, Michael J. Gundale, Radim Matula, Andrea Dávalos, Lorenzo Pérez-Camacho, Johan Neirynck, Monika Joschko, Marta Novo, Dolores Trigo, Jérôme Mathieu, Adrian A. Wackett, Anne W. de Valença, Elizabeth M. Bach, Daniel R. Lammel, Devin Routh, Madalina Iordache, Luis M. Hernández, Johan Pansu, Juan B. Jesús Lidón, Alejandro Morón-Ríos, Maxim Shashkov, Ehsan Sayad, Martine Fugère, Nobuhiro Kaneko, Mark E. Caulfield, Klaus Birkhofer, Wim H. van der Putten, Iurii M. Lebedev, Alberto Orgiazzi, Miwa Arai, H. Lalthanzara, Raphaël Marichal, Andrew R. Holdsworth, Steven J. Fonte, Maria J. I. Briones, Raúl Piñeiro, Jean-François Ponge, Nick van Eekeren, Takuo Hishi, Julia Krebs, Joanne M. Bennett, George G. Brown, Birgitta König-Ries, Carlos Fragoso, Victoria Nuzzo, Anna Rożen, Scott R. Loss, Bart Muys, Bryant C. Scharenbroch, Michael Schirrmann, Radoslava Kanianska, Irina V. Zenkova, Maria Kernecker, Abegail T Fusilero, Sandy M. Smith, Shaieste Gholami, Robin Beauséjour, Mac A. Callaham, Nathaniel H. Wehr, Yiqing Li, Kristine N. Hopfensperger, Mujeeb Rahman P, Andrés Esteban Duhour, Erin K. Cameron, Diana H. Wall, Muhammad Rashid, José Antonio Talavera, Matthias C. Rillig, Armand W. Koné, Johan van den Hoogen, Darío J. Díaz Cosín, Anahí Domínguez, Thibaud Decaëns, Fredrick O. Ayuke, Carlos A. Guerra, Guénola Pérès, Volkmar Wolters, Jiro Tsukamoto, Nico Eisenhauer, José Camilo Bedano, Weixin Zhang, Noa Kekuewa Lincoln, Visa Nuutinen, Joann K. Whalen, Christian Mulder, Sanna T. Kukkonen, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Universidade Positivo, Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidad de Vigo, Crowther Lab, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Department of Biology [Fort Collins], Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Étude et compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR210, School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centro International de Agricultura Tropical, Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Instituto de Ecología, Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Fluides, automatique, systèmes thermiques (FAST), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Universidad de Extremadura (UEX), Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Leuven] (EES), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Vigo [ Pontevedra], Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Dept Ciencias Vida, Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, DS&OR-Lab, University of Paderborn, Laboratoire d'oncogénétique moléculaire, Mountain Agriculture Research Unit, University of Innsbruck, Independent, Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] (UPNA), McGill University, Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Université de Leipzig, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Leipzig University, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Universidade de Vigo, Embrapa Forestry, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biometry and Environmental System Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institute of Computer Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), Department of Terrestrial Ecology [Wageningen], Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Freie Universität Berlin, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative and School of Global Environmental Sustainability, Colorado State University, Asian School of the Environment (ASE), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Department of Land Resource Management and Agricultural technology (LARMAT), College of 80 Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nairobi (LARMAT), CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Département de biologie [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Faculté des sciences [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Geology Department, FCEFQyN, ICBIA-CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), National University of Río Cuarto, Department of Ecology, Brandenburg University of Technology, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Cornell University [New York], UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Farming Systems Ecology, Wageningen University and Research, Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY Cortland, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution [Madrid], Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Laboratorio de Ecología, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Louis Bolk Institute (LBI), Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Regional & Environmental Sciences, University of Trier, Ciencias Básicas, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable -INEDES, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva [Barcelona] (IBE / UPF - CSIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Biodiversity and Systematic Network, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Department of Biological Science and Environmental Studies, University of the Philippines - Mindanao, Natural Resources Department, Razi University, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Biology, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Agricultural Engineering, Postgraduate Program in Agroecology, Maranhão State University, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Biological Sciences, Northern Kentucky University, Agricultura Sociedad y Ambiente, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Soil Physics and Land Management degradation, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen University, Department of Biological and Environmental Science [Jyväskylä Univ] (JYU), University of Jyväskylä (JYU), College of Agriculture, Environmental and Human Sciences, Lincoln University of Missouri, School of Forest Resources and Conservation [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS|FFGS), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Sustainable Development and Environment Engineering, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine 'King Michael the 1st of Romania', Experimental Infrastructure Platform, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Matej Bel University (UMB), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Lancaster] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Land Use and Governance, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Umeå University, UR Gestion Durable des Sols, UFR Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Department of Zoology, Pachhunga University College, Soil Science, ESALQ-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, College of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resource Management, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Performance des systèmes de culture des plantes pérennes (UPR Système de pérennes), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), Department of Soil and Environment, Forest Research Institute of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, Forestry School - INDEHESA, University of Extremadura, Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences (BFH), Natural Area Consultants, Department of Zoology, Pocker Sahib Memorial Orphanage College, CSIRO Ocean & Atmosphere, CSIRO, Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecology and Forest Restoration Group, Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, Computing, ESEI, Vigo, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University, Life Sciences, Sciences Faculty, University of Alcalá, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Friends of the Mississippi River, Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Conservation, Federal University of Maranhão, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), Institute of Ecology, Technical University of Berlin, College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin, Engineering for Crop Production, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Landscape Ecology and Environmental Systems Analysis, Institute of Geoecology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Laboratory of Ecosystem Modelling, Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Sciences, Russian Academy of Science, Laboratory of Computational Ecology, Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS – the Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Khalsa College Amritsar, John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape and Design, University of Toronto, Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Food & Agriculture, WWF-Netherlands, Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota, Earth Innovation Institute, Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Management, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], The Nature Conservancy, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Kola Science Centre, Institute of the North Industrial Ecology Problems, Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Department of Environmental Science, Saint Mary’s University, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, ANR-11-IDEX-0002,UNITI,Université Fédérale de Toulouse(2011), Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Senckenberg Museum for Natural History Görlitz, Department of Soil Zoology, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Production Systems, Horticulture Technologies, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Soil Ecosystems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Departamento de Informática, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Vigo, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Department of Animal Biology (Zoology area), Science Faculty, University of La Laguna, Dpto. Ciencias, IS-FOOD, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Department of Animal Ecology, Justus Liebig University, University of Helsinki, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), University of Nairobi (UoN), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), National University of Río Cuarto = Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Brandenburg University of Technology [Cottbus – Senftenberg] (BTU), Department of Natural Resources & The Environment [CALS], College of Agriculture and Life Sciences [Cornell University] (CALS), Cornell University [New York]-Cornell University [New York], School of Biology and Environmental Sciences (SBES), USDA Forest Service, University of Toronto, Aberystwyth University, Universidad Nacional de Luján [Buenos Aires], Trier University of Applied Sciences, Razi University of Kermanshah, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão = State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Kyushu University, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Northern Kentucky University, Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - German Research Foundation (DFG), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Department of Biology, University of Minho [Braga], University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Free University of Berlin (FU), Senckenberg Research Institute, European Project: 227161,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2008-2B,BIOBIO(2009), Biometry and Environmental System Analysis, University of Freiburg, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, Université de Sherbrooke, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Cornell University, UMR 1114 'EMMAH', INRA, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Climate Impacts Research Centre, Umeå University, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Performance des systèmes de culture des plantes pérennes (Cirad-Persyst-UPR 34 Système de pérennes), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences, UMR7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS-Sorbonne Universite, AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés (MECADEV), Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), European Research Council, Academy of Finland, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Wageningen University and Research Centre, International Atomic Energy Agency, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Royal Canadian Geographical Society, Irish Government, University of Hawaii, U.S. Navy, Department of Science and Technology (India), Department of Defense (US), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Austrian Science Fund, Welsh Government, Science Foundation Ireland, University of Kentucky, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Grains Research and Development Corporation (Australia), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (France), University of Minho, Università degli Studi di Catania (UniCT), Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, LITTER, Earth, Planet, Climate, Biologie du sol, Biodiversity, Facteur climatique, 01 natural sciences, Ver de terre, Ecosystem services, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Soil, Abundance (ecology), FORESTS, 11. Sustainability, DRIVERS, Biomass, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Biomass (ecology), Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, Earth, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, POPULATION-DENSITY, earthworm, distribution, diversity, pattern, PE&RC, MINHOCAS, Habitat, Plant Production Systems, international, L20 - Écologie animale, Biodiversité, Écosystème, Zone tropicale, Soil biology, Biocénose, Invertebrados, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Models, Biological, 010603 evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environment, Zone tempérée, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Life Science, Animals, Ecosystem, PLANT, Oligochaeta, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], 030304 developmental biology, Earthworm, Tropics, P34 - Biologie du sol, Species diversity, SHIFTS, Farm Systems Ecology Group, Bodemfysica en Landbeheer, 15. Life on land, Ecología, biology.organism_classification, Soil Physics and Land Management, SOIL, Agriculture and Soil Science, 13. Climate action, Plantaardige Productiesystemen, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, PATTERNS, Linear Models, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, BIODIVERSITY, Species richness, Planet, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, COMMUNITIES, Zoology, Animal Distribution, Models Biological
Abstract: Soil organisms, including earthworms, are a key component of terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known about their diversity, their distribution, and the threats affecting them. We compiled a global dataset of sampled earthworm communities from 6928 sites in 57 countries as a basis for predicting patterns in earthworm diversity, abundance, and biomass. We found that local species richness and abundance typically peaked at higher latitudes, displaying patterns opposite to those observed in aboveground organisms. However, high species dissimilarity across tropical locations may cause diversity across the entirety of the tropics to be higher than elsewhere. Climate variables were found to be more important in shaping earthworm communities than soil properties or habitat cover. These findings suggest that climate change may have serious implications for earthworm communities and for the functions they provide., 677232 to N.E.). K.S.R. and W.H.v.d.P. were supported by ERC-ADV grant 323020 to W.H.v.d.P. Also supported by iDiv (DFG FZT118) Flexpool proposal 34600850 (C.A.G. and N.E.); the Academy of Finland (285882) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (postdoctoral fellowship and RGPIN-2019-05758) (E.K.C.); DOB Ecology (T.W.C., J.v.d.H., and D.R.); ERC-AdG 694368 (M.R.); and the TULIP Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-41) (M.L.). In addition, data collection was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (12-04-01538-a, 12-04-01734-a, 14-44-03666-r_center_a, 15-29-02724-ofi_m, 16-04-01878-a 19-05-00245); Tarbiat Modares University; Aurora Organic Dairy; UGC(NERO) (F. 1-6/Acctt./NERO/2007-08/1485); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (RGPIN-2017-05391); Slovak Research and Development Agency (APVV-0098-12); Science for Global Development through Wageningen University; Norman Borlaug LEAP Programme and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP (12/22510-8); Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; INIA - Spanish Agency (SUM 2006-00012-00-0); Royal Canadian Geographical Society; Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland) (2005-S-LS-8); University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa (HAW01127H; HAW01123M); European Union FP7 (FunDivEurope, 265171); U.S. Department of the Navy, Commander Pacific Fleet (W9126G-13-2-0047); Science and Engineering Research Board (SB/SO/AS-030/2013) Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) of the U.S. Department of Defense (RC-1542); Maranhão State Research Foundation (FAPEMA); Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LTT17033); Colorado Wheat Research Foundation; Zone Atelier Alpes, French National Research Agency (ANR-11-BSV7-020-01, ANR-09-STRA-02-01, ANR 06 BIODIV 009-01); Austrian Science Fund (P16027, T441); Landwirtschaftliche Rentenbank Frankfurt am Main; Welsh Government and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (Project Ref. A AAB 62 03 qA731606); SÉPAQ; Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland; Science Foundation Ireland (EEB0061); University of Toronto (Faculty of Forestry); National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Haliburton Forest and Wildlife Reserve; NKU College of Arts and Sciences Grant; Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft (837393 and 837426); Mountain Agriculture Research Unit of the University of Innsbruck; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan; Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala; UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT Project on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity; Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland; Complutense University of Madrid/European Union FP7 project BioBio (FPU UCM 613520); GRDC; AWI; LWRRDC; DRDC; CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council) and FONCyT (National Agency of Scientific and Technological Promotion) (PICT, PAE, PIP), Universidad Nacional de Luján y FONCyT [PICT 2293 (2006)], Fonds de recherche sur la nature et les technologies du Québec (131894), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SCHR1000/3-1, SCHR1000/6-1, 6-2 (FOR 1598), WO 670/7-1, WO 670/7-2, and SCHA 1719/1-2], CONACYT (FONDOS MIXTOS TABASCO/PROYECTO11316); NSF (DGE-0549245, DGE-0549245, DEB-BE-0909452, NSF1241932); Institute for Environmental Science and Policy at the University of Illinois at Chicago; Dean’s Scholar Program at UIC; Garden Club of America Zone VI Fellowship in Urban Forestry from the Casey Tree Endowment Fund; J. E. Weaver Competitive Grant from the Nebraska Chapter of The Nature Conservancy; the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at DePaul University; Elmore Hadley Award for Research in Ecology and Evolution from the UIC Dept. of Biological Sciences; Spanish CICYT (AMB96-1161; REN2000-0783/GLO; REN2003-05553/GLO; REN2003-03989/GLO; CGL2007-60661/BOS); Yokohama National University; MEXT KAKENHI (25220104); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI (25281053, 17KT0074, 25252026); ADEME (0775C0035); Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain (CGL2017-86926-P); Syngenta Philippines; UPSTREAM; LTSER (Val Mazia/Matschertal); Marie Sklodowska Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship (747607); National Science and Technology Base Resource Survey Project of China (2018FY100306); McKnight Foundation (14-168); Program of Fundamental Researches of Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences (AAAA-A18-118021490070-5); Brazilian National Council of Research CNPq; and French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs. Author contributions: H.R.P.P. led the analysis, data curation, and writing of the original manuscript draft. C.A.G. assisted in analyses and writing of the original manuscript draft. E.K.C. and N.E. revised subsequent manuscript drafts. J.v.d.H., D.R., and T.W.C. provided additional analyses. E.K.C., N.E., and M.P.T. acquired funding for the project. J.K., K.B.G., B.S., M.L.C.B., M.J.I.B., and G.B. contributed to data curation. H.R.P.P., C.A.G., M.L.C.B., M.J.I.B., G.B., O.F., A.O., E.M.B., J.B., U.B., T.D., F.T.d.V., B.K.-R., M.L., J.M., C.M., W.H.v.d.P., K.S.R., M.C.R., D.R., M.R., M.P.T., D.H.W., D.A.W., E.K.C., and N.E. contributed to the project conceptualization. All authors reviewed and edited the final draft manuscript. The majority of the authors provided data for the analyses. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Data and materials availability: Data and analysis code are available on the iDiv Data repository (DOI: 10.25829/idiv.1804-5-2593) and GitHub (https://github.com/helenphillips/GlobalEWDiversity; DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3386456).
Published: 2019

12. Comparison of phenological traits, growth patterns, and seasonal dynamics of non-structural carbohydrate in Mediterranean tree crop species

Author: Adele Amico Roxas, Emilio A. Laca, Or Sperling, Aude Tixier, Paula Guzmán-Delgado, Maciej A. Zwieniecki, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, and Department of Plant Sciences, Agriculture Research Organization (ARO), Negev, Israel.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Mediterranean climate, Physiology, Climate Change, Carbohydrates, lcsh:Medicine, Growing season, Juglans, 01 natural sciences, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, lcsh:Science, Multidisciplinary, Pistacia, biology, Phenology, Mediterranean Region, lcsh:R, Temperature, biology.organism_classification, Prunus dulcis, Carbon, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, Deciduous, Logistic Models, Productivity (ecology), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Carbohydrate Metabolism, lcsh:Q, Seasons, Plant sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Despite non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) importance for tree productivity and resilience, little is known about their seasonal regulations and trade-off with growth and reproduction. We characterize the seasonal dynamics of NSC in relation to the aboveground phenology and temporal growth patterns of three deciduous Mediterranean species: almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb), walnut (Juglans regia L.) and pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). Seasonal dynamics of NSC were synchronous between wood tissues from trunk, branches and twigs. Almond had almost identical levels and patterns of NSC variation in twigs, branches and trunks whereas pistachio and walnut exhibited clear concentration differences among plant parts whereby twigs had the highest and most variable NSC concentration, followed by branches and then trunk. While phenology had a significant influence on NSC seasonal trends, there was no clear trade-off between NSC storage and growth suggesting that both were similarly strong sinks for NSC. A temporal trade-off observed at the seasonal scale was influenced by the phenology of the species. We propose that late senescing species experience C allocation trade-off at the end of the growing season because of C-limiting thermal conditions and priority allocation to storage in order to survive winter.
Published: 2019

13. Cucurbits plants: A key emphasis to its pharmacological potential

Author: Salehi B., Capanoglu E., Adrar N., Catalkaya G., Shaheen S., Jaffer M., Giri L., Suyal R., Jugran A.K., Calina D., Docea A.O., Kamiloglu S., Kregiel D., Antolak H., Pawlikowska E., Sen S., Acharya K., Selamoglu Z., Sharifi-Rad J., Martorell M., Rodrigues C.F., Sharopov F., Martins N., Capasso R., and Salehi, B., Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, 44340847, Iran -- Capanoglu, E., Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Turkey -- Adrar, N., Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale et d’Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria -- Catalkaya, G., Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Turkey -- Shaheen, S., Department of Plant Sciences, LCWU, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan -- Jaffer, M., Department of Plant Sciences, LCWU, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan -- Giri, L., G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, 263 643, India -- Suyal, R., G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, 263 643, India -- Jugran, A.K., G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development Garhwal Regional Centre, Srinagar, 246174, India -- Calina, D., Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, 200349, Romania -- Docea, A.O., Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, 200349, Romania -- Kamiloglu, S., Mevsim Gida Sanayi ve Soguk Depo Ticaret A.S. (MVSM Foods), Turankoy, Kestel, Bursa, 16540, Turkey -- Kregiel, D., Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, Lodz, 90-924, Poland -- Antolak, H., Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, Lodz, 90-924, Poland -- Pawlikowska, E., Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, Lodz, 90-924, Poland -- Sen, S., Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India, Department of Botany, Fakir Chand College, Diamond Harbour, West Bengal 743331, India -- Acharya, K., Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India -- Selamoglu, Z., Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Campus, Nigde, 51240, Turkey -- Sharifi-Rad, J., Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, 61615-585, Iran -- Martorell, M., Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, 4070386, Chile -- Rodrigues, C.F., LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal -- Sharopov, F., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe, 734003, Tajikistan -- Martins, N., Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, 4200-319, Portugal, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal -- Capasso, R., Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055, Italy
Subjects: Squash, ComputingMilieux_MANAGEMENTOFCOMPUTINGANDINFORMATIONSYSTEMS, Cucurbits, ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, Anticancer, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, Antimicrobial, Traditional medicine, InformationSystems_MISCELLANEOUS, Antioxidant, Pumpkin
Abstract: PubMed ID: 31091784, Cucurbita genus has received a renowned interest in the last years. This plant species, native to the Americas, has served worldwide folk medicine for treating gastrointestinal diseases and intestinal parasites, among other clinical conditions. These pharmacological effects have been increasingly correlated with their nutritional and phytochemical composition. Among those chemical constituents, carotenoids, tocopherols, phenols, terpenoids, saponins, sterols, fatty acids, and functional carbohydrates and polysaccharides are those occurring in higher abundance. However, more recently, a huge interest in a class of triterpenoids, cucurbitacins, has been stated, given its renowned biological attributes. In this sense, the present review aims to provide a detailed overview to the folk medicinal uses of Cucurbita plants, and even an in-depth insight on the latest advances with regards to its antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer effects. A special emphasis was also given to its clinical effectiveness in humans, specifically in blood glucose levels control in diabetic patients and pharmacotherapeutic effects in low urinary tract diseases. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, Universidade do Porto Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Entomology and Nematology Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Calcutta Universidad de Concepción Zabol University of Medical Sciences Politechnika Lódzka, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran; bahar.salehi007@gmail.com Faculty of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Turkey; capanogl@itu.edu.tr (E.C.); catalkaya.gizem@gmail.com (G.C.) Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale et d’Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algérie; n.adrar@hotmail.fr Department of Plant Sciences, LCWU, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; shabnum_shaheen78@hotmail.com (S.S.); meh.jaffer@gmail.com (M.J.) G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263 643, India; lalitorchid@gmail.com (L.G.); renusuyal04@gmail.com (R.S.) G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development Garhwal Regional Centre, Srinagar 246174, India; arunjugran@gbpihed.nic.in Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; calinadaniela@gmail.com Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; daoana00@gmail.com Mevsim Gida Sanayi ve Soguk Depo Ticaret A.S. (MVSM Foods), Turankoy, Kestel, 16540 Bursa, Turkey; senemkamiloglu87@gmail.com 10 Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; dorota.kregiel@p.lodz.pl (D.K.); hubert.antolak@p.lodz.pl (H.A.); ewelina.pawlikowska@edu.p.lodz.pl (E.P.) 11 Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India; surjitsen09@gmail.com (S.S.); krish_paper@yahoo.com (K.A.) 12 Department of Botany, Fakir Chand College, Diamond Harbour, West Bengal 743331, India 13 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Campus, 51240 Nigde, Turkey; zselamoglu@ohu.edu.tr 14 Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran 15 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile 16 LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; c.fortunae@gmail.com 17 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan; shfarukh@mail.ru 18 Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal 19 Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal 20 Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
Published: 2019

14. Genetic structure of Spartina hybrids between native Spartina maritima and invasive Spartina densiflora in Southwest Europe

Author: Malika L. Aïnouche, Hélène Rousseau, Armel Salmon, Abdelkader Aïnouche, Enrique Figueroa, Oscar Lima, Jean Keller, Stéphane Dréano, Brenda J. Grewell, Jesús M. Castillo, Blanca Gallego-Tévar, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, United State Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Universidad de Sevilla, Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, University of California, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), École Doctorales Agro-Vie-Santé (VAS) of the University of Rennes 1 (France), Plan Propio de Investigación of Universidad de Sevilla (Spain), United State Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Invasive Species and Pollinator Health Research Unit [grant number 25-2030-6-043-F] (USA), Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla, Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of California (UC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Spartina densiflora, Plant Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Genetic diversity, Halophyte, Hybridization, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Hybrid, Spartina, biology, Microsatellite, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Evolutionary biology, Genetic structure, Heterosis, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Spartina maritima, 010606 plant biology & botany, Invasion biology
Abstract: Interspecific hybridization represents an evolutionary force resulting in novel genotypes. The genomic changes that occur as a result of hybridization affect both genome structure and gene expression and consequently determine hybrid phenotypes and ecology. This study provides new data on the dynamics of hybrid invasions, integrating effects of the genetic, phenotypic, geographical and environmental scenarios with hybridization following invasion of a halophyte community by an exotic plant species. We analyzed the spatial genetic structure of sterile Spartina F1 hybrid populations established at the Gulf of Cadiz (Southwest Iberian Peninsula) and that of their parental species native S. maritima and invasive S. densiflora using nuclear DNA (Simple Sequence Repeats) and chloroplast DNA sequences. We also analyzed the relationships between the spatial genetic structure of the hybrids, their phenotypic variability and their marsh environment. The studied populations of Spartina hybrids were establishing hybrid zones with a spatial genetic structure inherited from both parental species. The hybrids were genetically more similar to the native than to the invasive species. The hybrid populations with greater genetic differentiation were those more spatially separated from each other and that were present in more contrasted sedimentary environments, revealing respective isolation processes by distance and by environment. The hybrids in the Guadiana Estuary were the most genetically differentiated and with the highest transgressive behavior in terms of tiller height. United State Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) 25-2030-6-043-F
Published: 2019

15. Low genetic diversity contrasts with high phenotypic variability in heptaploid Spartina densiflora populations invading the Pacific coast of North America

Author: Malika L. Aïnouche, Stéphane Dréano, Enrique Figueroa, Jean Keller, Blanca Gallego-Tévar, Oscar Lima, Jesús M. Castillo, Dominique Vallet, Brenda J. Grewell, Hélène Rousseau, Armel Salmon, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal y Ecologia, Universidad de Sevilla, Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla, Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Population, Introduced species, Spartina densiflora, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, phenotypic plasticity, Invasive species, microsatellites, invasive species, Genetic variation, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, education.field_of_study, Phenotypic plasticity, Genetic diversity, Ecology, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Population bottleneck, climate change, cordgrass, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Species can respond to environmental pressures through genetic and epigenetic changes and through phenotypic plasticity, but few studies have evaluated the relationships between genetic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity of plant species along changing environmental conditions throughout wide latitudinal ranges. We studied inter‐ and intrapopulation genetic diversity (using simple sequence repeats and chloroplast DNA sequencing) and inter‐ and intrapopulation phenotypic variability of 33 plant traits (using field and common‐garden measurements) for five populations of the invasive cordgrass Spartina densiflora Brongn. along the Pacific coast of North America from San Francisco Bay to Vancouver Island. Studied populations showed very low genetic diversity, high levels of phenotypic variability when growing in contrasted environments and high intrapopulation phenotypic variability for many plant traits. This intrapopulation phenotypic variability was especially high, irrespective of environmental conditions, for those traits showing also high phenotypic plasticity. Within‐population variation represented 84% of the total genetic variation coinciding with certain individual plants keeping consistent responses for three plant traits (chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents, and dead shoot biomass) in the field and in common‐garden conditions. These populations have most likely undergone genetic bottleneck since their introduction from South America; multiple introductions are unknown but possible as the population from Vancouver Island was the most recent and one of the most genetically diverse. S. densiflora appears as a species that would not be very affected itself by climate change and sea‐level rise as it can disperse, establish, and acclimate to contrasted environments along wide latitudinal ranges.
Published: 2018

16. High rate of adaptive evolution in two widespread European pines

Author: Santiago C. González-Martínez, Outi Savolainen, David B. Neale, Aleksia Vaattovaara, Komlan Avia, Andrew J. Eckert, Delphine Grivet, Sistemas y Recursos Forestales, Centro de Investigación Forestal, University of Oulu, Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins (LBI2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae (EBEA), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Universidad Austral de Chile-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Department of Plant Sciences, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] (UVa), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, animal structures, Evolution, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Population Dynamics, Genetic Fitness, adaptation, complex mixtures, Nucleotide diversity, Evolution, Molecular, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic variation, Genetics, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, Natural selection, biology, Ecology, fungi, Scots pine, adaptive, Genetic Variation, food and beverages, natural selection, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Pinus, Adaptation, Physiological, Distribution of Fitness Effects, Europe, 030104 developmental biology, Genetics, Population, Genetic Loci, Genetic structure, Adaptation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Comparing related organisms with differing ecological requirements and evolutionary histories can shed light on the mechanisms and drivers underlying genetic adaptation. Here, by examining a common set of hundreds of loci, we compare patterns of nucleotide diversity and molecular adaptation of two European conifers (Scots pine and maritime pine) living in contrasted environments and characterized by distinct population genetic structure (low and clinal in Scots pine, high and ecotypic in maritime pine) and demographic histories. We found higher nucleotide diversity in Scots pine than in maritime pine, whereas rates of new adaptive substitutions (ωa), as estimated from the distribution of fitness effects, were similar across species and among the highest found in plants. Sample size and population genetic structure did not appear to have resulted in significant bias in estimates of ωa. Moreover, population contraction–expansion dynamics for each species did not affect differentially the rate of adaptive substitution in these two pines. Several methodological and biological factors may underlie the unusually high rate of adaptive evolution of Scots pine and maritime pine. By providing two new case studies with contrasting evolutionary histories, we contribute to disentangling the multiple factors potentially affecting adaptive evolution in natural plant populations. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Published: 2017

17. Transcriptome approach to understand the potential mechanisms inhibiting or triggering blossom-end rot development in tomato fruit in response to plant growth regulators

Author: Federico Martinelli, B. Feng, N. F. Reitz, S. T. de Freitas, Elizabeth J. Mitcham, SERGIO TONETTO DE FREITAS, CPATSA, FEDERICO MARTINELLI, Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy, BIHONG FENG, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China, NICHOLAS F. REITZ, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA, ELIZABETH J. MITCHAM, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA., de Freitas, Sergio Tonetto, Martinelli, Federico, Feng, Bihong, Reitz, Nicholas F., and Mitcham, Elizabeth J.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Candidate gene, Estimulante de Crescimento Vegetal, Plant growth regulators, Plant Science, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Gene, Giberelina, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Abscisic acid, Tomate, Settore AGR/07 - Genetica Agraria, Botany, Gene expression, medicine, Disorder, Gibberellin, Ácido giberélico, Hormônio Vegetal, chemistry.chemical_classification, Reactive oxygen species, BER, Regulador de crescimento, food and beverages, Plant physiology, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Prohexadione calcium, Agronomy and Crop Science, Oxidative stress, 010606 plant biology & botany, Prohexadione-calcium
Abstract: The objectives of this study were to analyze changes in gene expression and identify candidate genes and gene networks potentially inhibiting or triggering blossom-end rot (BER) in tomatoes treated with plant growth regulators. ?Ace 55 (Vf)? tomato plants were grown in a greenhouse and sprayed with Apogee (300 mg L?1), abscisic acid (ABA) (500 mg L?1), water (control), or gibberellins 4?+?7 (GA4?+?7) (300 mg L?1) weekly after pollination. The BER incidence rate was zero in Apogee- and ABA-, medium in water-, and high in GA4?+?7-treated plants from 26 to 40 days after pollination (DAP). At 26 DAP, healthy blossom-end fruit tissue still not showing visible BER symptoms was used for transcriptome analysis. Candidate genes potentially inhibiting or triggering BER were identified through a correlation analysis between gene expression levels at 26 DAP and BER incidence rate from 26 to 40 DAP. Genes inhibiting BER should be up-regulated in Apogee- and/or ABA-treated fruit and down-regulated in GA4?+?7-treated fruit. Genes triggering BER should be down-regulated in Apogee- and/or ABA-treated fruit and up-regulated in GA4?+?7-treated fruit. Most of the candidate genes inhibiting BER have functions leading to higher resistance to oxidative stress and toxic compounds, whereas most of the candidate genes triggering BER have functions leading to higher levels of oxidative stress and cell death. The results suggest that Apogee and ABA inhibited BER possibly by increasing fruit tissue resistance to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other toxic compounds, whereas GA4?+?7 triggered BER possibly by increasing the levels of fruit oxidative stress. Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-04T00:45:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Freitas2018ArticleTranscriptomeApproachToUnderst.pdf: 1186607 bytes, checksum: 8081e8f6be57f39568d1b6d893ff44fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-21
Published: 2017

18. Characterization of polyploid wheat genomic diversity using a high‐density 90 000 single nucleotide polymorphism array

Author: Debbie Wong, Abraham B. Korol, Eduard Akhunov, Catherine Feuillet, Gina Brown-Guedira, Ivan Mikoulitch, Jan Dvorak, Martin W. Ganal, Marco Maccaferri, Curtis J. Pozniak, Luigi Cattivelli, Joerg Plieske, Rudi Appels, Rudy Dolferus, Anna M. Mastrangelo, Ming-Cheng Luo, Bevan Emma Huang, Alexandra M. Allen, Jorge Dubcovsky, Matthew K. Morell, Michele Morgante, Cindy Lawley, Shichen Wang, Morten Lillemo, Sara Giulia Milner, Shiaoman Chao, Alex Whan, Alina Akhunova, Kerrie Forrest, Matthew J. Hayden, Gary L A Barker, Keith J. Edwards, Jérôme Salse, Stuart Stephen, Roberto Tuberosa, Colin Cavanagh, Silvio Salvi, Ralf Wieseke, Diane E. Mather, Department of Plant Pathology, Shizuoka University, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Department of Agricultural Sciences, Genomics Research Centre, Consiglio per la Ricerca e Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Waite Res Inst, Australian Ctr Plant Funct Genom, University of Adelaide, Institute of Evolution and Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa [Haifa], Integrated Genomics Facility, Kansas State University, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale e Tecnologie Agrarie, Università degli Studi di Udine - University of Udine [Italie], Plant Genetics and Bioinformatics, UC Davis Plant Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, CSIRO Plant Industry, Department of Plant Sciences (DPS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Illumina, Inc., CSIRO Plant Industrie, Dept Plant Pathol, Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales - Clermont Auvergne (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), S. Wang, D. Wong, K. Forrest, A. Allen, S. Chao, B. Huang, M. Maccaferri, S. Salvi, S. Milner, L. Cattivelli, A. Mastrangelo, A. Whan, S. Stephen, G. Barker, R. Wieseke, J. Plieske, M. Lillemo, D. Mather, R. Appel, R. Dolferu, G. Brown-Guedira, A. Korol, A. Akhunova, C. w. Feuillet, J. Salse, M. Morgante, C. Pozniak, M. Luo, J. Dvorak, M. Morell, J. u. Dubcovsky, M. Ganal, R. Tuberosa, C. Lawley, I. Mikoulitch, C. Cavanagh, K. Edward, M. Hayden, and E. Akhunov
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Technology, SNP ARRAY, LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM, Polyploid wheat, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, Medical and Health Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Genetic diversity, Gene Frequency, single nucleotide polymorphism, Genotype, WIDE ASSOCIATION, Cluster Analysis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, AEGILOPS-TAUSCHII, POPULATION, Triticum, Research Articles, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Genome, biology, Chromosome Mapping, food and beverages, Wheat iSelect array, Single Nucleotide, genetic diversity, Biological Sciences, SNP genotyping, DURUM-WHEAT, wheat iSelect array, Genome, Plant, Biotechnology, Genetic Markers, Genotyping, SNP DISCOVERY, Population, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, SEQUENCE, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, GENETIC ARCHITECTURE, Polyploidy, polyploid wheat, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic variation, Aegilops tauschii, Polymorphism, TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L, education, Alleles, 030304 developmental biology, genotyping, high-density map, Genetic Loci, Genetic Variation, High-density map, Plant, biology.organism_classification, Single nucleotide polymorphism, High density map, Evolutionary biology, HEXAPLOWHEAT, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: High-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping arrays are a powerful tool for studying genomic patterns of diversity, inferring ancestral relationships between individuals in populations and studying marker-trait associations in mapping experiments. We developed a genotyping array including about 90 000 gene-associated SNPs and used it to characterize genetic variation in allohexaploid and allotetraploid wheat populations. The array includes a significant fraction of common genome-wide distributed SNPs that are represented in populations of diverse geographical origin. We used density-based spatial clustering algorithms to enable high-throughput genotype calling in complex data sets obtained for polyploid wheat. We show that these model-free clustering algorithms provide accurate genotype calling in the presence of multiple clusters including clusters with low signal intensity resulting from significant sequence divergence at the target SNP site or gene deletions. Assays that detect low-intensity clusters can provide insight into the distribution of presence-absence variation (PAV) in wheat populations. A total of 46 977 SNPs from the wheat 90K array were genetically mapped using a combination of eight mapping populations. The developed array and cluster identification algorithms provide an opportunity to infer detailed haplotype structure in polyploid wheat and will serve as an invaluable resource for diversity studies and investigating the genetic basis of trait variation in wheat. © 2014 The Authors Plant Biotechnology Journal published by Society for Experimental Biology and The Association of Applied Biologists and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Published: 2014

19. ASYNAPSIS 1 ensures crossover fidelity in polyploid wheat by promoting homologous recombination and suppressing non-homologous recombination

Author: Di Dio, Chiara, Serra, Heïdi, Sourdille, Pierre, Higgins, James, Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), and European Project: 765212,H2020-MSCA-ITN-2017
Subjects: chromosomes, synapsis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], introgression, meiosis, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, chiasma, chromosomes chiasma homoeologous meiosis synapsis introgression, Plant Science, homoeologous
Abstract: During meiosis, the chromosome axes and synaptonemal complex mediate chromosome pairing and homologous recombination to maintain genomic stability and accurate chromosome segregation. In plants, ASYNAPSIS 1 (ASY1) is a key component of the chromosome axis that promotes inter-homolog recombination, synapsis and crossover formation. Here, the function of ASY1 has been cytologically characterized in a series of hypomorphic wheat mutants. In tetraploid wheat, asy1 hypomorphic mutants experience a reduction in chiasmata (crossovers) in a dosage-specific manner, resulting in failure to maintain crossover (CO) assurance. In mutants with only one functional copy of ASY1, distal chiasmata are maintained at the expense of proximal and interstitial chiasmata, indicating that ASY1 is required to promote chiasma formation away from the chromosome ends. Meiotic prophase I progression is delayed in asy1 hypomorphic mutants and is arrested in asy1 null mutants. In both tetraploid and hexaploid wheat, single asy1 mutants exhibit a high degree of ectopic recombination between multiple chromosomes at metaphase I. To explore the nature of the ectopic recombination, Triticum turgidum asy1b-2 was crossed with wheat-wild relative Aegilops variabilis. Homoeologous chiasmata increased 3.75-fold in Ttasy1b-2/Ae. variabilis compared to wild type/Ae. variabilis, indicating that ASY1 suppresses chiasma formation between divergent, but related chromosomes. These data suggest that ASY1 promotes recombination along the chromosome arms of homologous chromosomes whilst suppressing recombination between non-homologous chromosomes. Therefore, asy1 mutants could be utilized to increase recombination between wheat wild relatives and elite varieties for expediting introgression of important agronomic traits.
Published: 2023

20. Alleles of adaptive importance for barley cultivation in a subarctic climate

Author: Göransson, Magnus, Jón Hallsteinn Hallsson, Morten Lillemo, Åsmund Bjørnstad, Gunter Backes, Department of Plant Sciences, Department of Agriculture, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, and Icelandic Agricultural University
Published: 2023

21. FERMI-LAT OBSERVATIONS of the LIGO EVENT GW150914

Author: Denis Bastieri, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, Andrea Albert, J. L. Racusin, M. N. Mazziotta, Roger W. Romani, S. Maldera, James Chiang, Roger Blandford, Eric Charles, Gabrijela Zaharijas, Steven Ritz, R. J. Britto, D. J. Suson, P. M. Saz Parkinson, M. Marelli, Stephan Zimmer, Gudlaugur Johannesson, M. Caragiulo, M. Giomi, T. H. Burnett, T. J. Brandt, M. E. Monzani, Lucas Guillemot, David A. Smith, T. Ohsugi, Eleonora Troja, Liang Li, R. Bonino, Guido Barbiellini, A. Reimer, J. Becerra González, Nestor Mirabal, Dario Gasparrini, Elisabetta Bissaldi, G. Pivato, S. Kensei, Matteo Negro, N. Di Lalla, Luca Baldini, L. S. Rochester, A. Morselli, T. Glanzman, Seth Digel, P. Fusco, Eugenio Bottacini, Alberto Manfreda, A. Chekhtman, P. Lubrano, T. Reposeur, Matthew G. Baring, Sara Buson, Sylvain Guiriec, R. A. Cameron, Jean Ballet, E. Hays, A. Franckowiak, G. Godfrey, Brandon Anderson, J. G. Thayer, Stefano Ciprini, S. Cutini, A. A. Moiseev, Stefan Funk, T. A. Porter, D. Dumora, S. Rainò, J. D. Magill, Daniel Kocevski, Paolo Giommi, F. de Palma, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Marianne Lemoine-Goumard, M. Mayer, Elliott D. Bloom, G. Chiaro, F. Loparco, M. Orienti, F. Piron, G. M. Madejski, J. E. Grove, Yasushi Fukazawa, Marco Ajello, R. Dubois, J. B. Thayer, J. W. Hewitt, Manuel Meyer, Jonathan Granot, J. F. Ormes, Alice K. Harding, D. Horan, E. Orlando, E. Moretti, F. Costanza, T. Kamae, P. Spinelli, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, B. Condon, R. Desiante, Daniela Hadasch, Soebur Razzaque, Makoto Arimoto, Jingcheng Li, I. A. Grenier, K. S. Wood, L. Tibaldo, Francesco Giordano, Johan Bregeon, Nicola Omodei, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, A. B. Hill, E. Cavazzuti, Matthew Wood, Julie McEnery, D. Simone, E. Nuss, David Paneque, S. J. Fegan, M. Kuss, J. M. Casandjian, L. R. Cominsky, P. Bruel, Igor V. Moskalenko, Olaf Reimer, N. Gehrels, D. J. Thompson, C. Favuzzi, Tonia M. Venters, Giacomo Vianello, G. La Mura, Ronaldo Bellazzini, F. Gargano, Luca Latronico, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, E. J. Siskind, Magnus Axelsson, Markus Ackermann, Diego F. Torres, R. Buehler, Peter F. Michelson, Marcello Giroletti, F. Spada, R. Caputo, Hiroyasu Tajima, Stefan Larsson, Filippo D'Ammando, Alessandro Cuoco, W. B. Atwood, J. S. Perkins, Nicola Giglietto, M. N. Lovellette, P. A. Caraveo, Persis S. Drell, Francesco Longo, T. Jogler, Sylvia J. Zhu, Aaron Dominguez, Yasunobu Uchiyama, M. Di Mauro, David H. Green, Gloria Spandre, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, L. Di Venere, M.-H. Grondin, S. Murgia, G. A. Caliandro, Stanford University [Stanford], Groupe de Recherche en Physique des Hautes Energies (GRPHE), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Colmar, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics (SCIPP), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Groupe de Recherche en Economie Théorique et Appliquée (GREThA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, AUTRES, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Institut Pasteur, Fondation Cenci Bolognetti - Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], IHU-LIRYC, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, GLAST, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Torino, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, sezione di Bari (INFN, sezione di Bari), National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Nantes (ENSA Nantes), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), GFSC Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, DIEE, University of Cagliari, University of Gothenburg (GU), China Agricultural University (CAU), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory (HEPL), Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), University of Botswana, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur la Biologie, la Santé la Société, et l’Environnement, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Versailles (ENSA-V), Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), Sea Mammal Research Unit, University of St Andrews [Scotland], Department of Physics [Tokyo], Rikkyo University [Tokyo], Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Zhejiang University, Laboratoire de Conception Fabrication Commande (LCFC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Stanford University, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-IUT de Colmar, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Department of Molecular Medicine, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), GSFC Astrophysics Science Division, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Hansen Experimental Physics Lab [Stanford] (HEPL), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), ITA, Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Colmar-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Albert, A., Anderson, B., Arimoto, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Gonzalez, J. Becerra, Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Britto, R. J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caputo, R., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cohen Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Condon, B., Costanza, F., Cuoco, A., Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., Palma, F. De, Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Lalla, N. Di, Mauro, M. Di, Venere, L. Di, Domnguez, A., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Giglietto, N., Giomi, M., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Gomez Vargas, G. A., Granot, J., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Jogler, T., Jóhannesson, G., Kamae, T., Kensei, S., Kocevski, D., Kuss, M., Mura, G. La, Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Lemoine Goumard, M., Li, J., Li, L., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Magill, J., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marelli, M., Mayer, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Meyer, M., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Perkins, J. S., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Porter, T. A., Racusin, J. L., Rain, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Romani, R. W., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Sgr, C., Simone, D., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Thayer, J. G., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Troja, E., Uchiyama, Y., Venters, T. M., Vianello, G., Wood, K. S., Wood, M., Zaharijas, G., Zhu, S., Zimmer, S., Ackermann M, Ajello M, Albert A, Anderson B, Arimoto M, Atwood WB, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Baring MG, Bastieri D, Gonzalez JB, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonino R, Bottacini E, Brandt TJ, Bregeon J, Britto RJ, Bruel P, Buehler R, Burnett TH, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caputo R, Caragiulo M, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cavazzuti E, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Chiang J, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Condon B, Costanza F, Cuoco A, Cutini S, DAmmando F, de Palma F, Desiante R, Digel SW, Di Lalla N, Di Mauro M, Di Venere L, Dominguez A, Drell PS, Dubois R, Dumora D, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Ferrara EC, Franckowiak A, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Giglietto N, Giomi M, Giommi P, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Gomez-Vargas GA, Granot J, Green D, Grenier IA, Grondin MH, Grove JE, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Hadasch D, Harding AK, Hays E, Hewitt JW, Hill AB, Horan D, Jogler T, Johannesson G, Kamae T, Kensei S, Kocevski D, Kuss M, La Mura G, Larsson S, Latronico L, Lemoine-Goumard M, Li J, Li L, Longo F, Loparco F, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Madejski GM, Magill J, Maldera S, Manfreda A, Marelli M, Mayer M, Mazziotta MN, McEnery JE, Meyer M, Michelson PF, Mirabal N, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monzani ME, Moretti E, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Negro M, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orienti M, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Perkins JS, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Pivato G, Porter TA, Racusin JL, Raino S, Rando R, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Ritz S, Rochester LS, Romani RW, Parkinson PMS, Sgro C, Simone D, Siskind EJ, Smith DA, Spada F, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Thayer JG, Thayer JB, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Torres DF, Troja E, Uchiyama Y, Venters TM, Vianello G, Wood KS, Wood M, Zaharijas G, Zhu S, Zimmer S, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome]-Institut Pasteur, Fondation Cenci Bolognetti - Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome]-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut Pasteur, Fondation Cenci Bolognetti - Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: gamma-ray burst: general, gamma-rays: general, gravitational waves, methods: observational, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma-ray burst: general, observational [methods], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, general [gamma-ray burst], 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, ravitational waves, law, Observatory, gamma-ray burst: general – gamma-rays: general – gravitational waves – methods: observational, 0103 physical sciences, gravitational wave, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, gamma-rays: general, gravitational waves, methods: observational, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, gamma rays: general, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Gamma-ray burst: general, LIGO, Black hole, Interferometry, Sky, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ddc:520, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, general [gamma-rays], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The astrophysical journal / 2 823(1), L2(2016). doi:10.3847/2041-8205/823/1/L2, The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has an instantaneous field of view (FoV) covering $\sim 1/5$ of the sky and it completes a survey of the entire sky in high-energy gamma-rays every 3 hr. It enables searches for transient phenomena over timescales from milliseconds to years. Among these phenomena could be electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave (GW) sources. In this paper, we present a detailed study of the LAT observations relevant to Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) event GW150914, which is the first direct detection of gravitational waves and has been interpreted as being due to the coalescence of two stellar-mass black holes. The localization region for GW150914 was outside the LAT FoV at the time of the GW signal. However, as part of routine survey observations, the LAT observed the entire LIGO localization region within ~70 minutes of the trigger and thus enabled a comprehensive search for a γ-ray counterpart to GW150914. The study of the LAT data presented here did not find any potential counterparts to GW150914, but it did provide limits on the presence of a transient counterpart above 100 MeV on timescales of hours to days over the entire GW150914 localization region., Published by Institute of Physics Publ., London
Published: 2016

22. Nut crop yield records show that budbreak-based chilling requirements may not reflect yield decline chill thresholds

Author: Volker Dose, Theodore M. DeJong, David Da Silva, Katherine S. Pope, Patrick O. Brown, Department of PLant Sciences, University of California, EURATOM Association, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Plant Sciences, California Department of Food and Agriculture [SCB09044], Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik [Garching] (IPP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: Crops, Agricultural, Atmospheric Science, Yield, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Acclimatization, Climate change, Crops, Biology, Bayesian, Atmospheric Sciences, Chilling requirement, Species Specificity, Yield (wine), Botany, Temperate climate, Nuts, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Agricultural, Budbreak, Ecology, Pistacia, Crop yield, fungi, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Cold Climate, Cold Temperature, Other Physical Sciences, Horticulture, 13. Climate action, Public Health and Health Services, Bloom, Orchard, Plant Shoots, Juglans
Abstract: © 2014, ISB. Warming winters due to climate change may critically affect temperate tree species. Insufficiently cold winters are thought to result in fewer viable flower buds and the subsequent development of fewer fruits or nuts, decreasing the yield of an orchard or fecundity of a species. The best existing approximation for a threshold of sufficient cold accumulation, the “chilling requirement” of a species or variety, has been quantified by manipulating or modeling the conditions that result in dormant bud breaking. However, the physiological processes that affect budbreak are not the same as those that determine yield. This study sought to test whether budbreak-based chilling thresholds can reasonably approximate the thresholds that affect yield, particularly regarding the potential impacts of climate change on temperate tree crop yields. County-wide yield records for almond (Prunus dulcis), pistachio (Pistacia vera), and walnut (Juglans regia) in the Central Valley of California were compared with 50 years of weather records. Bayesian nonparametric function estimation was used to model yield potentials at varying amounts of chill accumulation. In almonds, average yields occurred when chill accumulation was close to the budbreak-based chilling requirement. However, in the other two crops, pistachios and walnuts, the best previous estimate of the budbreak-based chilling requirements was 19–32 % higher than the chilling accumulations associated with average or above average yields. This research indicates that physiological processes beyond requirements for budbreak should be considered when estimating chill accumulation thresholds of yield decline and potential impacts of climate change.
Published: 2015

23. Genome characteristics of facultatively symbiotic Frankia sp. strains reflect host range and host plant biogeography

Author: Ying Wang, Chantal Schenowitz, Jeffrey P. Tomkins, Claudine Médigue, Luis Gabriel Wall, Claudio Valverde, Benoit Cournoyer, Nadia Demange, Philippe Normand, Alison M. Berry, Louis S. Tisa, Juliana E. Mastronunzio, David Vallenet, David R. Benson, Pascal Lapierre, Emilie Bagnarol, Tania Rawnsley, Nathalie Choisne, Zoé Rouy, Johann Peter Gogarten, Céline Lavire, Alla Lapidus, Nicole Alloisio, Vincent Daubin, Arnaud Couloux, Stéphane Cruveiller, Ying Huang, Carla A. Bassi, James Niemann, Maria Pilar Francino, Derek M. Bickhart, J Maréchal, Laurent Labarre, Beth C. Mullin, Fernando Tavares, Olga R. Kopp, Michele Martinez, Eugene Goltsman, Anita Sellstedt, Pierre Pujic, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut (UCONN), Department of Microbiology, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Unité de recherche en génomique végétale (URGV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bioinformatique, phylogénie et génomique évolutive (BPGE), Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute (DOE), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Biochemistry & Cellular & Molecular Biology and the Genome Science & Technology Program, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Department of Biochemistry & Cellular 1 Molecular Biology and The Genome Science & Technology Program, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Genomics Institute, Clemson University, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología [Buenos Aires], Universidad Nacional de Quilmes (UNQ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), University of Connecticut ( UCONN ), University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), University of California [Davis] ( UC Davis ), Unité de recherche en génomique végétale ( URGV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] ( GENOSCOPE ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Génomique métabolique ( UMR 8030 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive ( LBBE ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute ( DOE ), Los Alamos National Laboratory ( LANL ), Programa Interacciones Biologicas, Departamento de Cienca y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, Root nodule, Prophages, [SDE.BE.ECOM]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.ecom, Molecular Sequence Data, Frankia, Plant Roots, Genome, Article, Actinobacteria, Evolution, Molecular, Magnoliopsida, 03 medical and health sciences, Symbiosis, Gene Duplication, Nitrogen Fixation, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Botany, Genetics, Phylogeny, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, Frankia alni, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 0303 health sciences, Facultative, Geography, biology, 030306 microbiology, fungi, food and beverages, Sequence Analysis, DNA, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], DNA Transposable Elements, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Actinorhizal plant, [ SDE.BE.ECOM ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.ecom, Gene Deletion, Genome, Bacterial
Abstract: Soil bacteria that also form mutualistic symbioses in plants encounter two major levels of selection. One occurs during adaptation to and survival in soil, and the other occurs in concert with host plant speciation and adaptation. Actinobacteria from the genus Frankia are facultative symbionts that form N2-fixing root nodules on diverse and globally distributed angiosperms in the “actinorhizal” symbioses. Three closely related clades of Frankia sp. strains are recognized; members of each clade infect a subset of plants from among eight angiosperm families. We sequenced the genomes from three strains; their sizes varied from 5.43 Mbp for a narrow host range strain (Frankia sp. strain HFPCcI3) to 7.50 Mbp for a medium host range strain (Frankia alni strain ACN14a) to 9.04 Mbp for a broad host range strain (Frankia sp. strain EAN1pec.) This size divergence is the largest yet reported for such closely related soil bacteria (97.8%–98.9% identity of 16S rRNA genes). The extent of gene deletion, duplication, and acquisition is in concert with the biogeographic history of the symbioses and host plant speciation. Host plant isolation favored genome contraction, whereas host plant diversification favored genome expansion. The results support the idea that major genome expansions as well as reductions can occur in facultative symbiotic soil bacteria as they respond to new environments in the context of their symbioses.
Published: 2006

24. Phylogeny of the class Actinobacteria revisited in the light of complete genomes. The orders 'Frankiales' and Micrococcales should be split into coherent entities: proposal of Frankiales ord. nov., Geodermatophilales ord. nov., Acidothermales ord. nov. and Nakamurellales ord. nov

Author: Vincent Daubin, Philippe Normand, Danis Abrouk, Alison M. Berry, Isaac Gifford, Arnab Sen, Assam University, Bioinformatique, phylogénie et génomique évolutive (BPGE), Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Institute of Microelectronics (NCSR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive ( LBBE ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, University of California [Davis] ( UC Davis ), Institute of Microelectronics ( NCSR ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, MESH : Molecular Sequence Data, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Sequence Data, MESH : Genome, Bacterial, Concatenation, MESH : Actinobacteria, MESH: Genome, Bacterial, Microbiology, Genome, Tree (descriptive set theory), MESH : RNA, Ribosomal, 23S, Phylogenetics, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Botany, MESH : DNA, Bacterial, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geodermatophilaceae, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Phylogenetic tree, biology, MESH : Phylogeny, Sequence Analysis, DNA, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, 23S, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, Actinobacteria, MESH : RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Nakamurellaceae, Kocuria, MESH: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, RNA, Ribosomal, 23S, Evolutionary biology, Genome, Bacterial, MESH : Sequence Analysis, DNA, MESH: Actinobacteria
Abstract: The phylogeny of the class Actinobacteria remains controversial, essentially because it is very sensitive to the choice of dataset and phylogenetic methods. We used a test proposed recently, based on complete genome data, which chooses among candidate species phylogenies based on the number of lateral gene transfers (LGT) needed to explain the diversity of histories among gene trees for a set of genomes. We used 100 completely sequenced genomes representing 35 families and 17 orders of the class Actinobacteria and evaluated eight different hypotheses for their phylogeny, including one based on a concatenate of 54 conserved proteins present in single copy in all these genomes, trees based on 16S and 23S rRNA gene sequences or their concatenation, and a tree based on the concatenation of MLSA genes (encoding AtpI, GyrA, FtsZ, SecA and DnaK). We used Prunier to infer the number of LGT in 579 proteins (different from those used to build the concatenated tree) present in at least 70 species, using the different hypothetical species trees as references. The best tree, with the lowest number of lateral transfers, was the one based on the concatenation of 54 proteins. In that tree, the orders Bifidobacteriales , Coriobacteriales , ‘Coryneb acteriales’, ‘Micromonosporales’, ‘Propionibacteriales’, ‘Pseudonocardiales’, Streptomycetales and ‘Streptosporangiales’ were recovered while the orders ‘Frankiales’ and Micrococcales were not. It is thus proposed that the order ‘Frankiales’, which has an effectively but not validly published name, be split into Frankiales ord. nov. (type family Frankiaceae ), Geodermatophilales ord. nov. ( Geodermatophilaceae ), Acidothermales ord. nov. ( Acidothermaceae ) and Nakamurellales ord. nov. ( Nakamurellaceae ). The order Micrococcales should also be split into Micrococcales (genera Kocuria , Rothia , Micrococcus , Arthrobacter , Tropheryma , Microbacterium , Leifsonia and Clavibacter ), Cellulomonales ( Beutenbergia , Cellulomonas , Xylanimonas , Jonesia and Sanguibacter ) and Brachybacteriales ( Brachybacterium ) but the formal proposal for this will have to wait until more genomes become available for a significant proportion of strains in this order.
Published: 2014

25. Transgenic miR156 switchgrass in the field: growth, recalcitrance and rust susceptibility

Author: Stewart, C. [Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville TN USA; BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN USA]
Published: 2017
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26. Systematic Analysis of Branching Patterns of Three Almond Cultivars with Different Tree Architectures

Author: Loreto Contador, Evelyne Costes, Claudia Negron, Yann Guédon, Samuel Metcalf, Theodore M. DeJong, Bruce Lampinen, Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, University of Chile [Santiago], University of California, Modeling plant morphogenesis at different scales, from genes to phenotype (VIRTUAL PLANTS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières [AGAP] (AFEF), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Plant Sciences, Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes, 01 natural sciences, Branching (linguistics), shoot structure, Floraison, Cultivar, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Port de la plante, 0303 health sciences, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, hidden semi-Markov model, Prunus dulcis, Homogeneous, Shoot, Branche, sylleptic, Modèle mathématique, sylleptic shoot, Horticulture, Biology, proleptic shoot, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Variété, Croissance, 030304 developmental biology, flowering, Morphologie végétale, Méthode statistique, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Ramification, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Different almond (Prunus dulcis) cultivars have been characterized by their contrasting shoot branching patterns; however, the differences between patterns have been difficult to quantify. This study aimed to model the branching patterns of 2-year-old proleptic shoots on three almond cultivars (Nonpareil, Aldrich, and Winters) representing different tree architectures. The effects of branching pattern on flowering were also studied. The branching patterns of shoots of different length categories were assessed by a single hidden semi-Markov model for each cultivar. The models identified zones of homogeneous branching composition along shoots and were used to extract the occurrence and number of nodes of the zones according to shoot length categories. The numbers of flower buds were also determined for each shoot length category in each cultivar. The models of branching patterns of ‘Nonpareil’ and ‘Aldrich’ were similar and differed from the ‘Winters’ model. ‘Winters’ shoots produced more zones, but some of the zones had similar characteristics as previous zones and thus appeared to be repeated. This cultivar also had more spurs and sylleptic shoots than the other cultivars. The occurrence and node number of the central zones decreased along with reduction in shoot length in all the cultivars. ‘Aldrich’ tended to have more flower buds than comparable-length shoots of the other two cultivars. This study provides a quantitative description of the shoot branching patterns of three important cultivars and explains how branching changes in relation to shoot length, whereas production of flower buds varies despite similar branching patterns.
Published: 2013

27. Erratum: the first fermilarge area telescope catalog of gamma-ray pulsars

Author: Abdo, Aous A., Ackermann, Markus, Ajello, Marco, Atwood, William B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, Luca, Ballet, Jean, Barbiellini, Guido, Baring, Matthew G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, Pascal, Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Camilo, F., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Çelik, Ö., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cognard, Ismaël, Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Corbet, R., Cutini, S., den Hartog, P. R., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Luca, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Do Couto E Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Espinoza, C., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Freire, P. C. C., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Gotthelf, E. V., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M.-H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, Lucas, Guiriec, S., Gwon, C., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Johnston, S., Kamae, T., Kanbach, G., Kaspi, V. M., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knödlseder, Jürgen, Kocian, M. L., Kramer, M., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Livingstone, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Lyne, A. G., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Manchester, R. N., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcconville, W., Mcenery, J. E., Mcglynn, S., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mineo, T., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Noutsos, A., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Ransom, S. M., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F.-W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stappers, B. W., Starck, J.-L., Striani, E., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Theureau, Gilles, Thompson, D. J., Thorsett, S. E., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., van Etten, A., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wang, N., Watters, K., Weltevrede, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stanford University, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics (SCIPP), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Stockholm University, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Pisa] (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Groupe de Recherche en Economie Théorique et Appliquée (GREThA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste (INFN, Sezione di Trieste), Rice University [Houston], Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (INFN, Sezione di Perugia), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Columbia University [New York], Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica - Milano (IASF-MI), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche 'Mario Serio', Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology [GSFC] (CRESST), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), George Mason University [Fairfax], Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sonoma State University [Rohnert Park], Oskar Klein Centre [Stockholm], Department of Physics [Stockholm], Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica [Rome], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics (JBCA), University of Manchester [Manchester], Arecibo Observatory, National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (NAIC), Cornell University [New York], Department of Physical Sciences [Higashi-Hiroshima], Hiroshima University, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, sezione di Bari (INFN, sezione di Bari), Department of Physics [College Park] (UMD), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research [Huntsville] (CSPAR), University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH), GSFC Astrophysics Science Division, Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Astronomy [Charlottesville], University of Virginia, University of Southern California (USC), CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik [Garching] (IPP), Department of Physics [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Department of Physics [Tokyo], Tokyo Institure of Technology, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre (VUMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Hansen Experimental Physics Lab [Stanford] (HEPL), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 3 (INFN, Sezione di Roma 3), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Denver], University of Denver, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Département d'information et de communication (DIC), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), NYCB Real-Time Computing Inc. [Lattingtown], Purdue University [West Lafayette], Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Rikkyo University [Tokyo], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Virginia [Charlottesville], Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Stanford University [Stanford], National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Università degli studi di Bari, Università degli Studi di Firenze [Firenze], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Cornell University, GFSC Astrophysics Science Division, McGill University, Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory (HEPL), Université Laval, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2011

28. Complete genome of the cellulolytic thermophile Acidothermus cellulolyticus 11B provides insights into its ecophysiological and evolutionary adaptations

Author: David Bruce, William S. Adney, Ravi D. Barabote, Gary Xie, Rebecca E. Parales, Philippe Normand, Thomas Brettin, Anamaria Necsulea, David H. Leu, Alison M. Berry, Céline Lavire, Vincent Daubin, Jean F. Challacombe, Petar Pujic, Xin Clare Xu, Chris Detter, Claudine Médigue, Alla Lapidus, Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute (DOE), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bioinformatique, phylogénie et génomique évolutive (BPGE), Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Department of Microbiology, Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute ( DOE ), Los Alamos National Laboratory ( LANL ), Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California [Davis] ( UC Davis ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive ( LBBE ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Génomique métabolique ( UMR 8030 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of California-University of California, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, Letter, Hot Temperature, Pseudogene, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, Genome, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Actinomycetales, Genetics, Gene, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, [ SDV.BID ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 2. Zero hunger, Base Composition, Principal Component Analysis, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, 030306 microbiology, Thermophile, Prokaryote, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Chromosomes, Bacterial, 15. Life on land, Ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, Adaptation, Physiological, Flagella, Proteome, Mobile genetic elements, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Genome, Bacterial
Abstract: We present here the complete 2.4 Mb genome of the cellulolytic actinobacterial thermophile, Acidothermus cellulolyticus 11B. New secreted glycoside hydrolases and carbohydrate esterases were identified in the genome, revealing a diverse biomass-degrading enzyme repertoire far greater than previously characterized, and significantly elevating the industrial value of this organism. A sizable fraction of these hydrolytic enzymes break down plant cell walls and the remaining either degrade components in fungal cell walls or metabolize storage carbohydrates such as glycogen and trehalose, implicating the relative importance of these different carbon sources. A novel feature of the A. cellulolyticus secreted cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes is that they are fused to multiple tandemly arranged carbohydrate binding modules (CBM), from families 2 and 3. Interestingly, CBM3 was found to be always N-terminal to CBM2, suggesting a functional constraint driving this organization. While the catalytic domains of these modular enzymes are either diverse or unrelated, the CBMs were found to be highly conserved in sequence and may suggest selective substrate-binding interactions. For the most part, thermophilic patterns in the genome and proteome of A. cellulolyticus were weak, which may be reflective of the recent evolutionary history of A. cellulolyticus since its divergence from its closest phylogenetic neighbor Frankia, a mesophilic plant endosymbiont and soil dweller. However, ribosomal proteins and non-coding RNAs (rRNA and tRNAs) in A. cellulolyticus showed thermophilic traits suggesting the importance of adaptation of cellular translational machinery to environmental temperature. Elevated occurrence of IVYWREL amino acids in A. cellulolyticus orthologs compared to mesophiles, and inverse preferences for G and A at the first and third codon positions also point to its ongoing thermoadaptation. Additional interesting features in the genome of this cellulolytic, hot-springs dwelling prokaryote include a low occurrence of pseudogenes or mobile genetic elements, an unexpected complement of flagellar genes, and presence of three laterally-acquired genomic islands of likely ecophysiological value.
Published: 2009

29. MAppleT: simulation of apple tree development using mixed stochastic and biomechanical models

Author: Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz, Yann Guédon, Christophe Godin, Michael Renton, Colin Smith, Evelyne Costes, Développement et amélioration des plantes (UMR DAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières [AGAP] (AFEF), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Modeling plant morphogenesis at different scales, from genes to phenotype (VIRTUAL PLANTS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Department of Computer Science [Calgary] (CPSC), University of Calgary, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California-University of California, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Virtual Plants, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Western Australia, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Scale (ratio), Stochastic modelling, Apple tree, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, Plant Science, functional–structural plant model, Biology, Markov model, Network topology, F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes, 01 natural sciences, biomechanics, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Topology (chemistry), 030304 developmental biology, tree simulation, Port de la plante, 0303 health sciences, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, Ecology, Modèle de simulation, Hierarchical hidden Markov model, modèles stochastiques, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Tree (data structure), Anatomie végétale, Malus, Biological system, Agronomy and Crop Science, Modèle mathématique, Développement biologique, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Equipe AFEF ‘Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces fruitières’. Contact: costes@supagro.inra.fr Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; International audience; Construction of tree architectural databases over years is time consuming and cannot easily capture event dynamics, especially when both tree topology and geometry are considered. The present project aimed to bring together models of topology and geometry in a single simulation such that the architecture of an apple tree may emerge from process interactions. This integration was performed using L-systems.Amixed approach was developed based on stochastic models to simulate plant topology and mechanistic model for the geometry. The succession of growth units (GUs) along axes and their branching structure were jointly modelled by a hierarchical hidden Markov model. A biomechanical model, derived from previous studies, was used to calculate stem form at the metamer scale, taking into account the intra-year dynamics of primary, secondary and fruit growth. Outputs consist of 3-D mock-ups – geometric models representing the progression of tree form over time. To asses these models, a sensitivity analysis was performed and descriptors were compared between simulated and digitised trees, including the total number of GUs in the entire tree, descriptors of shoot geometry (basal diameter, length), and descriptors of axis geometry (inclination, curvature). In conclusion, despite some limitations, MAppleT constitutes a useful tool for simulating development of apple trees in interaction with gravity.
Published: 2008

30. OpenAlea: An open-source platform for the integration of heterogeneous FSPM components

Author: Samuel Dufour-Kowalski, Christophe Pradal, Nicolas Dones, Pierre Barbier de Reuille, Frédéric Boudon, Jérôme Chopard, David da Silva, Jean-Baptiste Durand, Pascal Ferraro, Christian Fournier, Yann Guédon, Aïda Ouangraoua, Colin Smith, Szymon Stoma, Frédéric Théveny, Hervé Sinoquet, Christophe Godin, Développement et amélioration des plantes (UMR DAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modeling plant morphogenesis at different scales, from genes to phenotype (VIRTUAL PLANTS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Modelling and Inference of Complex and Structured Stochastic Systems (MISTIS), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières [AGAP] (AFEF), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Reproduction et développement des plantes (RDP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California-University of California, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
Subjects: open source, plant modeling, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, F01 - Culture des plantes, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, component framework
Abstract: International audience; The open source OpenAlea project's goal is to share and reuse heterogeneous models from the FSPM community. In this poster, we present our development strategy to create an open source research platform as well as some of the main components of OpenAlea.
Published: 2007

31. Integrating simulation of architectural development and source-sink behaviour of peach trees by incorporating Markov chains and physiological organ function submodels into L-PEACH

Author: Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz, Theodore M. DeJong, Romeo Favreau, Evelyne Costes, Colin Smith, Gerardo Lopez, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Irrigation Technology, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentarias, Développement et amélioration des plantes (UMR DAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], Irrigation Technology [Lleida], IRTA, Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Computer Science [Calgary] (CPSC), Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières [AGAP] (AFEF), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Markov process, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, ARCHITECTURAL MODELLING, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Development (topology), PECHER, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, FUNCTIONAL–STRUCTURAL PLANT MODELLING, Architecture, RELATION SOURCE-PUITS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Markov chain, Ecology, CARBON-BASED MODEL, Function (mathematics), [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, PEACH TREE GROWTH SIMULATION, Tree (data structure), Tree structure, symbols, Biological system, Agronomy and Crop Science, Architectural model, 010606 plant biology & botany, CARBON ALLOCATION
Abstract: UMR DAP équipe AFEF ; Correspondance: tmdejong@ucdavis.edu; International audience; L-PEACH is an L-system-based functional–structural model for simulating architectural growth and carbohydrate partitioning among individual organs in peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) trees. The original model provided a prototype for how tree architecture and carbon economy could be integrated, but did not simulate peach tree architecture realistically. Moreover, evaluation of the functional characteristics of the individual organs and the whole tree remained a largely open issue. In the present study, we incorporated Markovian models into L-PEACH to improve the architecture of the simulated trees. The model was also calibrated to grams of carbohydrate, and tools for systematically displaying quantitative outputs and evaluating the behaviour of the model were developed. The use of the Markovian model concept to model tree architecture in L-PEACH reproduced tree behaviour and responses to management practices visually similar to trees in commercial orchards. The new architectural model along with several improvements in the carbohydrate partitioning algorithms derived from the model evaluation significantly improved the results related to carbon allocation, such as organ growth, carbohydrate assimilation, reserve dynamics and maintenance respiration. The model results are now consistent within the modelled tree structure and are in general agreement with observations of peach trees growing under field conditions
Published: 2007

32. Linking carbon economy and architectural development of peach trees by integrating markovian models into L-PEACH

Author: Costes, Evelyne, Smith, Colin, Favreau, Romeo, Guédon, Yann, DeJong, Theodore M., Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières [AGAP] (AFEF), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Modeling plant morphogenesis at different scales, from genes to phenotype (VIRTUAL PLANTS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Développement et amélioration des plantes (UMR DAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Department of Plant Sciences, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)
Subjects: F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétales, PLANT GROWTH SIMULATION, RELATION STRUCTURE-FONCTION, U10 - Méthodes mathématiques et statistiques, FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURAL PLANT MODELING, PECHER, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, BRANCHING PATTERNS, CARBOHYDRATE PARTITIONING, L-SYSTEMS, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Linking tree architectural development and carbon partitioning during a growing season has been identified as a weak point in functional-structural plant models . In the LPEACH model , carbon partitioning was used to drive organ growth, but the organs and shoot types were not accurately distributed within the tree. Our goal was to propose a solution for linking statistically-based models of architectural development with a physiologicallybased model of carbohydrate partitioning in peach trees. The approach was to integrate Markovian models representing the tree’s topology, that is, the connectivity of the tree’s entities into the L-PEACH model.
Published: 2007

33. Simulation of apple tree development using mixed statistical and biomechanical models

Author: Smith, Colin, Godin, Christophe, Guédon, Yann, Prusinkiewicz, Premyslaw, Costes, Evelyne, Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Plant Sciences [Davis, CA], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Modeling plant morphogenesis at different scales, from genes to phenotype (VIRTUAL PLANTS), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Développement et amélioration des plantes (UMR DAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Computer Science [Calgary] (CPSC), University of Calgary, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science, Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces Fruitières [AGAP] (AFEF), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)
Subjects: F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétales, BIOMECANIQUE, U10 - Méthodes mathématiques et statistiques, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, L-SYSTEMS, TREE SIMULATION, MARKOV MODELS, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; In the last twenty years, architectural studies in horticulture have led to a better understanding of fruit tree development and to improvements in tree and orchard management [7]. Tree architecture plays a key role in foliage distribution and consequently in light interception and carbon acquisition, which in turn strongly affect the reproductive growth of fruit trees. To integrate the acquired knowledge, we addressed the question of simulating the architecture of a developing tree over time. The objective of this project was to bring together the development of topology and geometry in a single simulation that characterises the architecture of an apple tree over time. As indicated previously [9, 3, 4], the simulation of shoot bending due to the weight of growing organs is particularly challenging because it is difficult to infer the mechanism of bending from direct measurements. To further the exploration of the bending dynamics in a developmental context, we have created an L-system simulation of a developing apple tree, called MAppleT (Markov Apple Tree), which is herein presented.
Published: 2007

34. Dandelion pappus morphing is actuated by radially patterned material swelling

Author: Enrico Mastropaolo, Annamaria Kiss, Madeleine Seale, Arezki Boudaoud, Ignazio Maria Viola, Simone Bovio, Naomi Nakayama, Leverhulme Trust, Royal Society, The Royal Society, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3RB, UK, Reproduction et développement des plantes (RDP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LadHyX, Ecole Polytechnique, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ UK, University of Edinburgh, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Laboratoire d'hydrodynamique (LadHyX), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Bioengineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, and ANR-17-CE20-0023,WALLMIME,Analyse du remodelage de la paroi végétale par analyses mécaniques et modèles biomimétiques(2017)
Subjects: Materials science, Taraxacum, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biomedical Engineering, WHEAT, General Physics and Astronomy, Pappus, Dandelion, 02 engineering and technology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Motion, Planar, Biomimetics, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, BIOMATERIALS, 030304 developmental biology, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Science & Technology, General Chemistry, Robotics, Plants, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, CELL-WALLS, HYGROSCOPIC MOVEMENT, Mechanism (engineering), Multidisciplinary Sciences, Morphing, INSIGHTS, AWNS, MECHANICS, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Swelling, medicine.symptom, 0210 nano-technology, Biological system, Actuator, plant reproduction
Abstract: Plants can generate motion by absorbing and releasing water. Such motion often facilitates reproductive success through the dispersal of seeds and fruits or their self-burial into the soil. Asteraceae plants, such as the dandelion, often have a hairy pappus attached to their fruits to allow them to fly and in many cases, these can open and close depending on moisture levels to modify dispersal. Here we demonstrate the relationship between structure, composition and function of the underlying hygroscopic actuator. By investigating the structure and properties of the actuator cell walls we have identified the mechanism by which the dandelion pappus closes and developed a structural computational model that can capture observed pappus closing. This model was used to explore the contribution of differential material domains in the actuator function and the critical design features. We find that the actuator relies on the radial arrangement of vascular bundles and surrounding tissues including cortex and the floral podium around a central cavity. This allows heterogeneous swelling in a radially symmetric manner to co-ordinate precise movements of the pappus hairs attached at the upper flank. This actuator is a derivative of bilayer structures, but is radial and can synchronise the movement of a planar or lateral attachment. The simple, material-based mechanism presents a promising biomimetic potential in robotics and functional materials.
Published: 2022

35. Gigantic floating leaves occupy a large surface area at an economical material cost

Author: Finn Box, Alexander Erlich, Jian H. Guan, Chris Thorogood, Gulliver (UMR 7083), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre (IRPHE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics [Manchester] (School of Mathematics), University of Manchester [Manchester], and Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: The giant Amazonian waterlily (genus Victoria ) produces the largest floating leaves in the plant kingdom. The leaves’ notable vasculature has inspired artists, engineers, and architects for centuries. Despite the aesthetic appeal and scale of this botanical enigma, little is known about the mechanics of these extraordinary leaves. For example, how do these leaves achieve gigantic proportions? We show that the geometric form of the leaf is structurally more efficient than those of other smaller species of waterlily. In particular, the spatially varying thickness and regular branching of the primary veins ensures the structural integrity necessary for extensive coverage of the water surface, enabling optimal light capture despite a relatively low leaf biomass. Leaf gigantism in waterlilies may have been driven by selection pressures favoring a large surface area at an economical material cost, for outcompeting other plants in fast-drying ephemeral pools.
Published: 2022

36. Apical and basal auxin sources pattern shoot branching in a moss

Author: Mattias Thelander, Katarina Landberg, Arthur Muller, Gladys Cloarec, Nik Cunniffe, Stéphanie Huguet, Ludivine Soubigou-Taconnat, Véronique Brunaud, Yoan Coudert, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Reproduction et développement des plantes (RDP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], fungi, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, 01 natural sciences, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Shoot branching mechanisms where branches arise in association with leaves – referred to as lateral or axillary branching – evolved by convergence in the sporophyte of vascular plants and the gametophyte of bryophytes, and accompanied independent events of plant architectural diversification1. Previously, we showed that three hormonal cues, including auxin, have been recruited independently to co-ordinate branch patterning in flowering plant leafy shoots and moss gametophores (Coudert, Palubicki et al., 2015)2–4. Moreover, auxin-mediated apical dominance, which relies on local auxin production, has been proposed as a unifying molecular regulatory mechanism of branch development across land plants5. Whilst our previous work in the moss Physcomitrium patens has gathered indirect evidence supporting the notion that auxin synthesized in gametophore apices regulates branch formation at a distance2, direct genetic evidence for a role of auxin biosynthesis in gametophore branching control is still lacking. Here, we show that gametophore apex decapitation promotes branch emergence through massive and rapid transcriptional reprogramming of auxin-responsive genes and altering auxin biosynthesis gene activity. Specifically, we identify a subset of P. patens TRYPTOPHAN AMINO-TRANSFERASE (TAR) and YUCCA FLAVIN MONOOXYGENASE-LIKE (YUC) auxin biosynthesis genes expressed in apical and basal regions of the gametophore, and show that they are essential for branch initiation and outgrowth control. Our results demonstrate that local auxin biosynthesis coordinates branch patterning in moss and thus constitutes a shared and ancient feature of shoot architecture control in land plants.
Published: 2022

37. Apical dominance control by TAR-YUC-mediated auxin biosynthesis is a deep homology of land plants

Author: Thelander, Mattias, Landberg, Katarina, Muller, Arthur, Cloarec, Gladys, Cunniffe, Nik, Huguet, Stéphanie, Soubigou-Taconnat, Ludivine, Brunaud, Véronique, Coudert, Yoan, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Reproduction et développement des plantes (RDP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), and Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Indoleacetic Acids, Bryophyta, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, YUC, Bryopsida, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, moss, apical dominance, Physcomitrella, TAR, Plant Growth Regulators, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, gametophore, decapitation, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], branching, Germ Cells, Plant, Physcomitrium, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, auxin, Plant Shoots
Abstract: International audience; A key aim in biology is to identify which genetic changes contributed to the evolution of form through time. Apical dominance, the inhibitory effect exerted by shoot apices on the initiation or outgrowth of distant lateral buds, is a major regulatory mechanism of plant form.1 Nearly a century of studies in the sporophyte of flowering plants have established the phytohormone auxin as a front-runner in the search for key factors controlling apical dominance,2,3 identifying critical roles for long-range polar auxin transport and local auxin biosynthesis in modulating shoot branching.4-10 A capacity for lateral branching evolved by convergence in the gametophytic shoot of mosses and primed its diversification;11 however, polar auxin transport is relatively unimportant in this developmental process,12 the contribution of auxin biosynthesis genes has not been assessed, and more generally, the extent of conservation in apical dominance regulation within the land plants remains largely unknown. To fill this knowledge gap, we sought to identify genetic determinants of apical dominance in the moss Physcomitrium patens. Here, we show that leafy shoot apex decapitation releases apical dominance through massive and rapid transcriptional reprogramming of auxin-responsive genes and altering auxin biosynthesis gene activity. We pinpoint a subset of P. patens TRYPTOPHAN AMINO-TRANSFERASE (TAR) and YUCCA FLAVIN MONOOXYGENASE-LIKE (YUC) auxin biosynthesis genes expressed in the main and lateral shoot apices and show that they are essential for coordinating branch initiation and outgrowth. Our results demonstrate that local auxin biosynthesis acts as a pivotal regulator of apical dominance in moss and constitutes a shared mechanism underpinning shoot architecture control in land plants.
Published: 2022

38. MASTREE+ : time-series of plant reproductive effort from six continents

Author: Andrew Hacket‐Pain, Jessie J. Foest, Ian S. Pearse, Jalene M. LaMontagne, Walter D. Koenig, Giorgio Vacchiano, Michał Bogdziewicz, Thomas Caignard, Paulina Celebias, Joep van Dormolen, Marcos Fernández‐Martínez, Jose V. Moris, Ciprian Palaghianu, Mario Pesendorfer, Akiko Satake, Eliane Schermer, Andrew J. Tanentzap, Peter A. Thomas, Davide Vecchio, Andreas P. Wion, Thomas Wohlgemuth, Tingting Xue, Katharine Abernethy, Marie‐Claire Aravena Acuña, Marcelo Daniel Barrera, Jessica H. Barton, Stan Boutin, Emma R. Bush, Sergio Donoso Calderón, Felipe S. Carevic, Carolina Volkmer de Castilho, Juan Manuel Cellini, Colin A. Chapman, Hazel Chapman, Francesco Chianucci, Patricia da Costa, Luc Croisé, Andrea Cutini, Ben Dantzer, R. Justin DeRose, Jean‐Thoussaint Dikangadissi, Edmond Dimoto, Fernanda Lopes da Fonseca, Leonardo Gallo, Georg Gratzer, David F. Greene, Martín A. Hadad, Alejandro Huertas Herrera, Kathryn J. Jeffery, Jill F. Johnstone, Urs Kalbitzer, Władysław Kantorowicz, Christie A. Klimas, Jonathan G. A. Lageard, Jeffrey Lane, Katharina Lapin, Mateusz Ledwoń, Abigail C. Leeper, Maria Vanessa Lencinas, Ana Cláudia Lira‐Guedes, Michael C. Lordon, Paula Marchelli, Shealyn Marino, Harald Schmidt Van Marle, Andrew G. McAdam, Ludovic R. W. Momont, Manuel Nicolas, Lúcia Helena de Oliveira Wadt, Parisa Panahi, Guillermo Martínez Pastur, Thomas Patterson, Pablo Luis Peri, Łukasz Piechnik, Mehdi Pourhashemi, Claudia Espinoza Quezada, Fidel A. Roig, Karen Peña Rojas, Yamina Micaela Rosas, Silvio Schueler, Barbara Seget, Rosina Soler, Michael A. Steele, Mónica Toro‐Manríquez, Caroline E. G. Tutin, Tharcisse Ukizintambara, Lee White, Biplang Yadok, John L. Willis, Anita Zolles, Magdalena Żywiec, Davide Ascoli, CAROLINA VOLKMER DE CASTILHO, CPAF-RR, PATRICIA DA COSTA, CNPMA, ANA CLAUDIA LIRA GUEDES, CPAF-AP, FERNANDA LOPES DA FONSECA, CPAF-AC, LUCIA HELENA DE OLIVEIRA WADT, CPAF-RO., Hacket-Pain, Andrew [0000-0003-3676-1568], Foest, Jessie J [0000-0002-8236-4646], Pearse, Ian S [0000-0001-7098-0495], LaMontagne, Jalene M [0000-0001-7713-8591], Koenig, Walter D [0000-0001-6207-1427], Vacchiano, Giorgio [0000-0001-8100-0659], Bogdziewicz, Michał [0000-0002-6777-9034], Caignard, Thomas [0000-0001-5009-4613], Celebias, Paulina [0000-0001-9916-2904], Fernández-Martínez, Marcos [0000-0002-5661-3610], Moris, Jose V [0000-0003-0241-7910], Palaghianu, Ciprian [0000-0003-2496-2135], Pesendorfer, Mario [0000-0002-7994-7090], Satake, Akiko [0000-0002-0831-8617], Schermer, Eliane [0000-0001-7302-2241], Tanentzap, Andrew J [0000-0002-2883-1901], Thomas, Peter A [0000-0003-3115-3301], Wion, Andreas P [0000-0002-0701-2843], Wohlgemuth, Thomas [0000-0002-4623-0894], Abernethy, Katharine [0000-0002-0393-9342], Aravena Acuña, Marie-Claire [0000-0002-4493-4396], Daniel Barrera, Marcelo [0000-0002-9207-8109], Barton, Jessica H [0000-0002-2016-4278], Boutin, Stan [0000-0001-6317-038X], Bush, Emma R [0000-0003-4036-125X], Donoso Calderón, Sergio [0000-0002-4599-4702], Carevic, Felipe S [0000-0002-6137-2057], de Castilho, Carolina Volkmer [0000-0002-1064-2758], Manuel Cellini, Juan [0000-0002-7870-5751], Chapman, Colin A [0000-0002-8827-8140], Chapman, Hazel [0000-0001-8509-703X], Chianucci, Francesco [0000-0002-5688-2060], da Costa, Patricia [0000-0002-5192-6685], Cutini, Andrea [0000-0002-7033-2399], Dantzer, Ben [0000-0002-3058-265X], Justin DeRose, R [0000-0002-4849-7744], da Fonseca, Fernanda Lopes [0000-0001-7289-6684], Gratzer, Georg [0000-0002-6355-6562], Hadad, Martín A [0000-0002-9334-064X], Herrera, Alejandro Huertas [0000-0003-2229-6714], Johnstone, Jill F [0000-0001-6131-9339], Kalbitzer, Urs [0000-0002-6289-7971], Kantorowicz, Władysław [0000-0002-2474-0113], Klimas, Christie A [0000-0001-9362-1305], Lageard, Jonathan GA [0000-0001-8971-0444], Lapin, Katharina [0000-0003-4462-2058], Ledwoń, Mateusz [0000-0003-3017-6376], Vanessa Lencinas, Maria [0000-0002-2123-3976], Lira-Guedes, Ana Cláudia [0000-0001-9200-4727], Marchelli, Paula [0000-0002-6949-0656], McAdam, Andrew G [0000-0001-7323-2572], Nicolas, Manuel [0000-0002-0885-1227], de Oliveira Wadt, Lúcia Helena [0000-0002-5018-7550], Panahi, Parisa [0000-0002-5295-9534], Martínez Pastur, Guillermo [0000-0003-2614-5403], Patterson, Thomas [0000-0002-3498-893X], Luis Peri, Pablo [0000-0002-5398-4408], Piechnik, Łukasz [0000-0002-3958-7393], Pourhashemi, Mehdi [0000-0002-8918-6336], Roig, Fidel A [0000-0003-0987-0486], Peña Rojas, Karen [0000-0001-6795-1503], Micaela Rosas, Yamina [0000-0001-7476-399X], Schueler, Silvio [0000-0003-0155-5692], Seget, Barbara [0000-0002-7872-926X], Soler, Rosina [0000-0002-5799-1672], Toro-Manríquez, Mónica [0000-0001-6492-1333], White, Lee [0000-0002-4595-5981], Yadok, Biplang [0000-0001-5926-9897], Willis, John L [0000-0003-0238-0003], Zolles, Anita [0000-0003-3476-3172], Żywiec, Magdalena [0000-0002-5992-4051], Ascoli, Davide [0000-0002-0546-4467], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Department of Geography and Planning, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, US Geological Survey [Fort Collins], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Department of Biological Sciences [Chicago], University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System, University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universitatea Stefan cel Mare Suceava (USU), Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Kyushu University, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ECOSYSTEMS AND GLOBAL CHANGE GROUP DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE GBR, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), School of Life Sciences, University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], Faculty of Natural Sciences [Stirling], University of Stirling, Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Department of Biological Sciences [Edmonton], University of Alberta, Royal Botanic Garden [Edinburgh], Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Department of Anthropology [George Washington University] (GW), The George Washington University (GW), School of biological Sciences [Christchurch], University of Canterbury [Christchurch], Centro di Viticoltura ed Enologia [CREA], Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Département Recherche-Développement-Innovation, Office National des Forêts (ONF), Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux du Gabon (ANPN), Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP), Universidad Austral de Chile, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, forest research institute, Department of silviculture and genetics of forest trees, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, and Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA)
Subjects: Plantas Perennes, Reclutamiento, demography, Seed production, Regeneración, Regeneration (biological), Q1, Perennials, Flowering, Plant Propagation, Evolución de las Estrategias Reproductivas, Ecología Vegetal, flowering, general flowering, masting, plant reproduction, recruitment, regeneration, Propagación de Plantas, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Ecosistemas de Tierras Secas, Reproduction, R735, Plants, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Seeds, General flowering, Recruitment, Strategies, FOS: Medical biotechnology, demography, flowering, general flowering, masting, plant reproduction, recruitment, regeneration, Dryland Ecosystems, Plant reproduction, ddc:570, Environmental Chemistry, Demografía, Regeneration, Floración, Time Series Analysis, Ecosystem, Demography, Plant Ecology, Masting, QR, Evolution of Reproductive Strategies, FOS: Biological sciences, Análisis de Series Temporales, Estrategias
Abstract: Significant gaps remain in understanding the response of plant reproduction to environmental change. This is partly because measuring reproduction in long-lived plants requires direct observation over many years and such datasets have rarely been made publicly available. Here we introduce MASTREE+, a data set that collates reproductive time-series data from across the globe and makes these data freely available to the community. MASTREE+ includes 73,828 georeferenced observations of annual reproduction (e.g. seed and fruit counts) in perennial plant populations worldwide. These observations consist of 5971 population-level time-series from 974 species in 66 countries. The mean and median time-series length is 12.4 and 10 years respectively, and the data set includes 1122 series that extend over at least two decades (≥20 years of observations). For a subset of well-studied species, MASTREE+ includes extensive replication of time-series across geographical and climatic gradients. Here we describe the open-access data set, available as a.csv file, and we introduce an associated web-based app for data exploration. MASTREE+ will provide the basis for improved understanding of the response of long-lived plant reproduction to environmental change. Additionally, MASTREE+ will enable investigation of the ecology and evolution of reproductive strategies in perennial plants, and the role of plant reproduction as a driver of ecosystem dynamics. EEA Santa Cruz Fil: Hacket-Pain, Andrew. University of Liverpool. School of Environmental Sciences. Department of Geography and Planning; Reino Unido Fil: Foest, Jessie J. University of Liverpool. School of Environmental Sciences. Department of Geography and Planning; Reino Unido Fil: Pearse, Ian S. U.S. Fort Collins Science Center. Geological Survey; Estados Unidos Fil: LaMontagne, Jalene M. DePaul University. Department of Biological Sciences; Estados Unidos Fil: Koenig, Walter D. University of California Berkeley. Hastings Reservation; Estados Unidos Fil: Vacchiano, Giorgio. University of Milan. Milan Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences; Italia. Fil: Bogdziewicz, Michał. Adam Mickiewicz University. Faculty of Biology. Institute of Environmental Biology; Polonia Fil: Bogdziewicz, Michał. University Grenoble Alpes. INRAE, LESSEM; Francia Fil: Caignard, Thomas. Université Bordeaux. INRAE, BIOGECO; Francia Fil: Celebias, Paulina. Adam Mickiewicz University. Faculty of Biology. Institute of Environmental Biology; Polonia Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Santa Cruz; Argentina. Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina. Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fil: Ascoli, Davide. University of Torino. Department of Agricultural. Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA); Italia Fil: Gallo, Leonardo Ariel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Gallo, Leonardo Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Marchelli, Paula. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Marchelli, Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; Argentina
Published: 2022

39. Modelling interference between vectors of non-persistently transmitted plant viruses to identify effective control strategies

Author: Marta Zaffaroni, Loup Rimbaud, Ludovic Mailleret, Nik J. Cunniffe, Daniele Bevacqua, Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), PACA (Provence-Alpes-Côtes d’Azur) region, INRAE Agroècosystèmes department, Bourse Perdiguier (Avignon Université), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Zaffaroni, Marta [0000-0002-2951-8626], Rimbaud, Loup [0000-0002-8098-9984], Mailleret, Ludovic [0000-0001-7019-8401], Cunniffe, Nik J [0000-0002-3533-8672], Bevacqua, Daniele [0000-0002-3341-1696], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Cunniffe, Nik [0000-0002-3533-8672], Cunniffe, Nik J. [0000-0002-3533-8672], and The PhD grant to M.Z. was funded by the PACA (Provence-Alpes-Côtes d’Azur) region and INRAE Agroècosistèmes department. M.Z. also thanks Avignon Université for the Bourse Perdiguier, which supported her temporary stay at the University of Cambridge during which much of this work was done.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Epidemiology, Pesticide application, Plant Science, FOS: Health sciences, Disease Vectors, 01 natural sciences, Plant Viruses, Roguing, Medical Conditions, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Vector (molecular biology), Biology (General), 2. Zero hunger, 2 Aetiology, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, plant pathology, Eukaryota, food and beverages, Agriculture, Plant disease, 3108 Plant Biology, 3. Good health, Insects, Infectious Diseases, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Modeling and Simulation, Viral disease, Viral Vectors, Agrochemicals, Infection, Research Article, Crops, Agricultural, Arthropoda, Infectious Disease Control, QH301-705.5, 30 Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, epidemiological model, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Microbiology, Insect Control, Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Vector Biology, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 03 medical and health sciences, Disease management (agriculture), Plant virus, Virology, Genetics, Animals, Pesticides, Disease Eradication, Fertilizers, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Plant Diseases, Medicine and health sciences, Biology and life sciences, Host (biology), business.industry, fungi, Organisms, 15. Life on land, Invertebrates, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Biotechnology, Insect Vectors, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Species Interactions, aphid, Aphids, Pest Control, business, Zoology, Entomology, Viral Transmission and Infection, 010606 plant biology & botany, 31 Biological Sciences
Abstract: Aphids are the primary vector of plant viruses. Transient aphids, which probe several plants per day, are considered to be the principal vectors of non-persistently transmitted (NPT) viruses. However, resident aphids, which can complete their life cycle on a single host and are affected by agronomic practices, can transmit NPT viruses as well. Moreover, they can interfere both directly and indirectly with transient aphids, eventually shaping plant disease dynamics. By means of an epidemiological model, originally accounting for ecological principles and agronomic practices, we explore the consequences of fertilization and irrigation, pesticide deployment and roguing of infected plants on the spread of viral diseases in crops. Our results indicate that the spread of NPT viruses can be i) both reduced or increased by fertilization and irrigation, depending on whether the interference is direct or indirect; ii) counter-intuitively increased by pesticide application and iii) reduced by roguing infected plants. We show that a better understanding of vectors’ interactions would enhance our understanding of disease transmission, supporting the development of disease management strategies., Author summary A range of both experimental and theoretical studies show that the behaviour and population dynamics of insects depend strongly upon interactions with other insect species. These interactions have the potential to greatly affect the dynamics of insect-vectored plant disease, as transmission of viruses is intimately dependent on the local density of vectors, as well as how they select and move between potential host plants. Surprisingly, the effects of interaction between vector species on epidemics remains little studied and even worse understood, probably because experimentation is costly and difficult. Here, we present a model which permits us to investigate the effect of interaction between a virus, two vector species and the host plant on the spread of viral disease in crops. In this study, our model is used to explore the consequences of common agronomic practices on epidemics. Our study highlights the importance of exploring vectors’ interactions to enhance the understanding of disease transmission, supporting the development of disease management strategies.
Published: 2021

40. Exploiting algal NADPH oxidase for biophotovoltaic energy

Author: Smith, Alison [Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK]
Published: 2015
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41. The role of interference between vectors in control of plant diseases

Author: Zaffaroni, Marta, Rimbaud, Loup, Mailleret, Ludovic, Cunniffe, Nik, Bevacqua, Daniele, Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: non-persistently transmitted virus, plant–herbivore interactions, fungi, disease ecology, food and beverages, aphid-borne pathogen, epidemiological model, inter-specific interference, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, plant–pathogen interactions, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: Aphids are the primary vector of plant viruses. Transient aphids, which probe several plants per day, are considered to be the principal vectors of non-persistently transmitted (NPT) viruses. However, resident aphids, which can complete their life cycle on a single host and are affected by agronomic practices, can transmit NPT viruses as well. Moreover, they can interfere both directly and indirectly with transient aphids, eventually shaping plant disease dynamics. By mean of an epidemiological model, originally accounting for ecological principles and agronomic practices, we explore the consequences of fertilization and irrigation, pesticide deployment and roguing of infected plants on the spread of viral disease in crops. Our results indicate that the spread of NPT viruses can be i ) both reduced or increased by fertilization and irrigation, depending on whether the interference is direct or indirect; ii ) counter-intuitively increased by pesticide application and iii ) reduced by roguing infected plants. We show that a better understanding of vectors’ interactions would enhance our understanding of disease transmission, supporting the development of disease management strategies.
Published: 2021

42. Key issues in North-western Mediterranean dry grassland restoration

Author: Christel Vidaller, Jean-François Alignan, Cannelle Moinardeau, Francis Isselin-Nondedeu, Olivier Blight, Elise Buisson, Daniel Pavon, Armin Bischoff, Tiago Shizen Pacheco Toma, Truman P. Young, Thierry Dutoit, François Mesléard, Tania De Almeida, André Jardim Arruda, Aure Durbecq, Renaud Jaunatre, Manon C.M. Hess, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA, Partenaires INRAE, Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes, ECO-MED (Ecologie & Médiation), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG), NGE-GUINTOLI, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours, Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California, Department of Plant Sciences [Univ California Davis] (Plant - UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, grazing and fire management, Seed dispersal, drought, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, species pool, Grassland, Ecosystem engineer, rangeland, seed bank, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Natura 2000 habitat, seedling recruitment, Ecosystem, Restoration ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, 2. Zero hunger, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Fire regime, Agroforestry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Environmental science, Rangeland, local adaptation
Abstract: Dry grasslands of the Northwestern Mediterranean Basin are seminatural species‐rich ecosystems, composed of many annual species and some structuring perennial species. As these grasslands have been used as rangelands for centuries, human management (grazing; fire regimes) is one of their main ecological and evolutionary drivers, along with the Mediterranean climate. Despite EU conservation policy, damage to such grasslands still occurs and efficient ecological restoration is needed. This article reviews restoration constraints, effective techniques, and research perspectives for restoring them in the light of their ecological characteristics. Major restoration constraints specifically include (1) a poor contribution of the internal (seed bank) and external (seed rain) species pools, and (2) low establishment of some perennial species. The latter may be the result of the low seed quantity or quality of perennial species, stochastic or extended droughts, high soil nutrient content that may lead to competition (e.g. between weed and target species), inappropriate grazing management or fire regimes leading to shrub encroachment, or the death of target species seedlings in early stages of restoration. Successful restoration techniques include seeding, transplanting, hay transfer, and timely soil transfer, all of which have to be adapted to regional plant phenology and to local Mediterranean climate. They must be combined with appropriate grazing or fire management. Their success may depend on years with particular rainfall amounts or patterns or on particular target plant species. We discuss research perspectives contributing to a better understanding of seed dispersal, seedling recruitment, and soil processes and suggest the benefits of using ecosystem engineer species.
Published: 2021

43. Impacts of the removal of invasive Carpobrotus on spider assemblage dynamics

Author: Julie Braschi, Ophélie Hélard, Christophe Mazzia, Philippe Ponel, Pierre Oger, Elise Buisson, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Naturalia-Environnement, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Waret‑l’Evêque 4217, Belgium, and European Regional Development Fund, Fondation Total, Conservatoire de l’Espace Littoral et des Rivages Lacustres, Conseil Régional Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, Naturalia-Environnement, National Park of Port-Cros and France-Berkeley Fund
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Conservation management, Arachnids, Biodiversity, Carpobrotus, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Oecobius navus, complex mixtures, Invasive species, Island, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Invasive plant removal, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Spider, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Restoration, Mediterranean type ecosystems, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Mediterranean island biodiversity is threatened by invasive plants, especially by Carpobrotus species. Invasive plant control is a major management tool for the restoration of invaded areas, but the effect of Carpobrotus removal on arthropods is poorly understood. In this study, we evaluate how spider assemblages are influenced by Carpobrotus removal on a Mediterranean island. A Carpobrotus patch was manually uprooted, followed by litter removal between November 2011 and February 2012. A nearby site with native matorral vegetation and no management was also studied. Spider communities were sampled using pitfall traps two years before removal (2010–2011), and then every two years after, between 2013 and 2019. Vegetation at the Carpobrotus site changed from a dense mat of Carpobrotus to a diverse halophilous grassland with some chamaephytes, while it remained stable in the matorral. Spider species richness increased significantly after removal and significant changes in assemblage composition were observed between pre- and post-removal years with a high turnover rate, while spider assemblages remained relatively stable in the matorral. Litter-dwelling spiders with trap strategies like Oecobius navus were the most reduced by Carpobrotus removal, while foliage-dwelling spiders which forage on plants like Xysticus benefited the most, likely due to vegetation opening and diversification of microhabitats. The increase in bare ground cover favoured Aelurillus v-insignatus, Nomisia celerima and Zodarion elegans, which are characterized by an affinity for dry sunny environments. Invasive Carpobrotus removal induced a rapid change (7 years) in spider assemblages as well as an enrichment in taxonomic and functional diversities.
Published: 2021

44. Native plant community recovery after Carpobrotus (iceplant) removal on an island – results of a 10‐year project

Author: Elise Buisson, Daniel Pavon, Laurence Affre, Annie Aboucaya, Julie Braschi, Aurélie Passetti, Manon C.M. Hess, Elise Amy‐Krebs, Christel Vidaller, Julie Chenot‐Lescure, Hervé Ramone, Cyril Cottaz, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, and Port-Cros National Park
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Perennial plant, Fauna, plant community monitoring, Carpobrotus, Biodiversity, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, temporal changes, local eradication, 14. Life underwater, alien plant species, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Ecology, biology, island biodiversity, Plant community, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Native plant, biology.organism_classification, Geography, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Community recovery, manual uprooting, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Species of the genus Carpobrotus, or iceplant, are succulent mat‐forming perennial herbs often introduced for soil stabilization. They are common in coastal environments and may thus threaten island biodiversity. While their effects are well known on soils, plant communities and associated fauna, the effects of Carpobrotus control on vegetation recovery is poorly documented. The aim of the paper is to describe plant community trajectories after Carpobrotus removal.
Published: 2021

45. Natural variation identifies SNI1, the SMC5/6 component, as a modifier of meiotic crossover in Arabidopsis

Author: Longfei Zhu, Alexandre Pelé, Heïdi Serra, Charles J Underwood, Mónica Pradillo, Julia Dluzewska, Piotr Ziółkowski, Maja Szymanska-Lejman, Christophe Lambing, Nadia Fernández-Jiménez, Tomasz Bieluszewski, Ian R. Henderson, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSR) [BB/L006847/1], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSR) {BB/M004937/1], European Project: 765212,MEICOM, European Project: CA 16212,COST Action, Zhu, Longfei [0000-0001-8313-7675], Fernández-Jiménez, Nadia [0000-0002-4196-0134], Szymanska-Lejman, Maja [0000-0003-4813-3278], Pelé, Alexandre [0000-0002-1934-0780], Underwood, Charles J [0000-0001-5730-6279], Serra, Heïdi [0000-0002-5457-2050], Lambing, Christophe [0000-0001-5218-4217], Dluzewska, Julia [0000-0002-7419-5934], Bieluszewski, Tomasz [0000-0001-6154-5213], Pradillo, Mónica [0000-0001-6625-6015], Henderson, Ian R [0000-0001-5066-1489], Ziolkowski, Piotr A [0000-0001-7673-6565], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Mutant, Crossover, Arabidopsis, Locus (genetics), SMC5/6, Biology, Interference (genetic), Meiosis, Protein Domains, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, SNI1, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Genetics, meiosis, FANCM, Crossing Over, Genetic, crossover, Multidisciplinary, Arabidopsis Proteins, Botánica, fungi, DNA Helicases, Genetic Variation, Nuclear Proteins, Biological Sciences, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, Genética, Homologous recombination
Abstract: Significance Meiotic recombination plays a fundamental role in shaping genetic diversity in eukaryotes. Extensive variation in crossover rate exists between populations and species. The identity of modifier loci and their roles in genome evolution remain incompletely understood. We explored natural variation in Arabidopsis crossover and identified SNI1 as the causal gene underlying a major modifier locus. To date, SNI1 had no known role in crossover. SNI1 is a component of the SMC5/6 complex that is closely related to cohesin and condensin. Arabidopsis sni1 and other SMC5/6 mutants show similar effects on the interference-independent crossover pathway. Hence, our findings demonstrate that the SMC5/6 complex, which is known for its role in DNA damage repair, is also important for control of meiotic crossover., The frequency and distribution of meiotic crossovers are tightly controlled; however, variation in this process can be observed both within and between species. Using crosses of two natural Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, Col and Ler, we mapped a crossover modifier locus to semidominant polymorphisms in SUPPRESSOR OF NPR1-1 INDUCIBLE 1 (SNI1), which encodes a component of the SMC5/6 complex. The sni1 mutant exhibits a modified pattern of recombination across the genome with crossovers elevated in chromosome distal regions but reduced in pericentromeres. Mutations in SNI1 result in reduced crossover interference and can partially restore the fertility of a Class I crossover pathway mutant, which suggests that the protein affects noninterfering crossover repair. Therefore, we tested genetic interactions between SNI1 and both RECQ4 and FANCM DNA helicases, which showed that additional Class II crossovers observed in the sni1 mutant are FANCM independent. Furthermore, genetic analysis of other SMC5/6 mutants confirms the observations of crossover redistribution made for SNI1. The study reveals the importance of the SMC5/6 complex in ensuring the proper progress of meiotic recombination in plants.
Published: 2021

46. Pollen morphology of the subfamily Salicornioideae (Chenopodiaceae s.s.) in Eurasia and North Africa

Author: Morteza Djamali, Mehdi Dehghani, Hossein Akhani, Halophytes and C4 Plants Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Zabol
Subjects: Palynology, 010506 paleontology, Subfamily, Amaranthaceae, biology, Caryophyllales, Paleontology, Morphology (biology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, pollen-habitat relationship, Pollen, Botany, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, medicine, Salicornioideae, Irano-Turanian region, Mediterranean region, Chenopodiaceae, palynology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Pollen morphology of 40 specimens of 15 species belonging to eight genera in the subfamily Salicornioideae (Chenopodiaceae), was studied using Light (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the taxonomic importance of pollen characters. Pollen grains were characteristically pantopolyporate with31-51 evenly distributed pores on the surface. Tectum and operculum are covered with minute spinules, typical of other members of Chenopodiaceae, with minor differences among different genera and species. Perforation was only seen in Halostachys belangeriana at high magnification. Pollen characters studied in this study include pollen and pore diameters, number and density of apertures, interporal distance (chord), chord/pollen diameter ratio, pore diameter/pollen diameter ratio as well as spinule density on tectum and operculum. Despite extreme uniformity in pollen morphology there is good evidence supporting currently known phylogenetic relationships and generic delimitations within the Salicornioideae subfamily. The significant differences in pollen characters among populations of Halostachys belangeriana and Halocnemum strobilaceum may indicate genetic diversity or polyploidy in different populations. The pollen characters provide limited taxonomic value in the Salicornioideae subfamily which may come from habitat homogeneity of all species growing in hypersaline marshes and inland hygrohalophytic communities.
Published: 2021

47. An ecophysiological model of plant–pest interactions: the role of nutrient and water availability

Author: Marta Zaffaroni, Nik J. Cunniffe, Daniele Bevacqua, Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), ANR-12-AGRI-0001,APMed,Le verger de pommier et de pêcher en zone méditerranéenne - Etat hydrique de l'arbre et stratégies d'irrigation pour remédier au manque d'eau et comme moyen de contôle des infestations par le puceron(2012), Cunniffe, Nik [0000-0002-3533-8672], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, agroecology, Irrigation, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Ecology (disciplines), Population, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Bioengineering, Agricultural engineering, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Biomaterials, Empirical research, plant growth model, induced plant defence, Animals, Herbivory, plant–aphid interactions, education, Agroecology, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Herbivore, fungi, Water, food and beverages, Nutrients, 15. Life on land, plant stress and plant vigour hypotheses, plant-aphid interactions, Population model, Aphids, PEST analysis, Life Sciences–Mathematics interface, aphid population model, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biotechnology
Abstract: Empirical studies have shown that particular irrigation/fertilization regimes can control pest populations in agroecosystems. This appears to promise that the ecological concept of bottom-up control can be applied to pest management. However, a conceptual framework is necessary to develop a mechanistic basis for empirical evidence. Here we couple a mechanistic plant growth model with a pest population model. We demonstrate its utility by applying it to the peach - green aphid system. Aphids are herbivores which feed on the plant phloem, deplete plants’ resources and (potentially) transmit viral diseases. The model reproduces system properties observed in field studies and shows under which conditions the diametrically-opposed plant vigour and plant stress hypotheses find support. We show that the effect of fertilization/irrigation on the pest population cannot be simply reduced as positive or negative. In fact, the magnitude and direction of any effect depends on the precise level of fertilization/irrigation and on the date of observation. We show that a new synthesis of experimental data can emerge by embedding a mechanistic plant growth model, widely studied in agronomy, in a consumer-resource modelling framework, widely studied in ecology. The future challenge is to use this insight to inform practical decision making by farmers and growers.
Published: 2020

48. Viburnum tinus Fruits Use Lipids to Produce Metallic Blue Structural Color

Author: Rox Middleton, Gianni Jacucci, Michael J. Donoghue, Maria Conejero, Miranda Sinnott-Armstrong, Beverley J. Glover, Yu Ogawa, Edwige Moyroud, Paula J. Rudall, Chrissie Prychid, Silvia Vignolini, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Chemistry [Cambridge, UK], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU), Royal Botanic Garden , Kew, Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK), Jacucci, Gianni [0000-0002-9156-0876], Moyroud, Edwige [0000-0001-7908-3205], Glover, Beverley [0000-0002-6393-819X], Vignolini, Silvia [0000-0003-0664-1418], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, plant color, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Color, Shrub, honest signaling, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cell wall, Metal, Anthocyanins, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pigment, Structure-Activity Relationship, 0302 clinical medicine, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, plant-animal interaction, [PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], biology, cell walls, ved/biology, Pigmentation, Viburnum, biophotonics, food and beverages, Evergreen, structural color, biology.organism_classification, Lipid Metabolism, Lipids, fruit color, seed dispersal, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, visual_art, Anthocyanin, Fruit, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Viburnum tinus, TEM tomography, plant lipids, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Structural coloration
Abstract: International audience; 16 Viburnum tinus is an evergreen shrub that is native to the Mediterranean region but cultivated 17 widely in Europe and around the world. It produces ripe metallic blue fruits throughout winter [1]. 18 Despite its limited fleshy pulp,[2] its high lipid content[3] makes it a valuable resource to the small 19 birds[4] that act as its seed-dispersers[5]. Here, we find that the metallic blue appearance of the 20 fruits is produced by globular lipid inclusions arranged in a disordered multilayer structure. This 21 structure is embedded in the cell walls of the epicarp and underlaid with a dark layer of anthocyanin 22 pigments. The presence of such large, organised lipid aggregates in plant cell walls represents a new 23 mechanism for structural colouration and may serve as an honest signal of nutritional content. 24 Results and Discussion 25 The colours of fleshy fruits are thought to serve primarily to attract animal dispersers, and 26 understanding the origins and diversity of fleshy fruit colours provides insight into the ecological 27 interactions between plants and their dispersers.[7] Viburnum tinus (Adoxaceae) is a shrub native to 28 the Mediterranean region that is now cultivated around the world.[8] It produces large numbers of 29 metallic blue fruits throughout the year. Although a variety of bird dispersers consume V. tinus 30 fruits,[2] these serve as an especially important food source for birds during winter, including the 31 Eurasian blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla)[9] and the European robin (Erithacus rubecola).[10] While the 32 remarkable blue metallic appearance of V. tinus fruits (Figure 1) is commonly known and previously 33 reported,[11] the mechanism by which such blue colour is produced has not been elucidated. In a 34 review of earlier literature,[12] the colour of V. tinus has been attributed to the presence of 35 anthocyanin pigments. 36
Published: 2020

49. Biological effects of three bacterial species on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) infesting eggplant under laboratory and greenhouse conditions

Author: Al-Azzazy, Mahmoud M., Alsohim, Abdullah S., Yoder, Carl E., Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia., Department of Plant Sciences, Herbert College of Agriculture, and The University of Tennessee [Knoxville]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Arthropoda, Aacriformes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological pest control, Greenhouse, Trombidiformes, Bacillus subtilis, Acariformes, 01 natural sciences, Spider mite, Arachnida, Mite, Animalia, Acari, Bacillus qassimus, Tetranychus urticae, Taxonomy, Acinetobacter sp, biology, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, 010602 entomology, Horticulture, Insect Science, Phytoseius plumifer, Tetranychidae
Abstract: This study evaluated the efficacy of three bacterial species. Acinetobacter sp. (concentration 2.237×108 cfu/ml), Bacillus subtilis (concentration 2.470×108 cfu/ml) and Bacillus qassimus (concentration 3.320×108 cfu/ml) were tested against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, infesting eggplants under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. In addition, we studied their side effects on the predatory mite, Phytoseius plumifer. The highest efficiency rate on T. urticae was observed with Acinetobacter sp. sprays. Three days after treatment, mite mortality reached 87.15 and 77.29 % under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, respectively. Moreover, the mortality rates were significantly lower (72.22 and 67.11 % and 70.74 and 65.19 %) using B. subtilis and B. qassimus under lab and greenhouse conditions, seven days after treatment. The predatory mite, P. plumifer, showed higher tolerance than T. urticae to the three bacterial preparations. The results of this study indicated that Acinetobacter sp. has a strong efficacy on T. urticae and slightly affected the predatory species herein tested. This study introduces a potentially new strategy for biological control of phytophagous mites., Acarologia, 60, 587-594
Published: 2020

50. Assessing the Potential for Mobilization of Old Soil Carbon After Permafrost Thaw: A Synthesis of 14 C Measurements From the Northern Permafrost Region

Author: Peter A. Raymond, Jocelyn Egan, Suzanne E. Tank, Iain P. Hartley, Claudia I. Czimczik, Jonathan A. O'Donnell, Massimo Lupascu, Susan M. Natali, Mark H. Garnett, Alison M. Hoyt, Edward A. G. Schuur, Benjamin W. Abbott, Andrew J. Tanentzap, Jeffrey P. Chanton, Laure Gandois, David Olefeldt, Katey M. Walter Anthony, Cristian Estop-Aragonés, Merritt R. Turetsky, Joshua F. Dean, Olefeldt, David, 1 Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton Canada, Abbott, Benjamin W., 3 Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences Brigham Young University Provo UT USA, Chanton, Jeffrey P., 4 Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Science Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA, Czimczik, Claudia I., 5 Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine CA USA, Dean, Joshua F., 6 School of Environmental Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK, Egan, Jocelyn E., 7 Department of Earth Sciences Dalhousie University Halifax Canada, Gandois, Laure, 8 Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement Université de Toulouse, CNRS Toulouse France, Garnett, Mark H., 9 NEIF Radiocarbon Laboratory, Scottish Enterprise Technology Park, Rankine Avenue East Kilbride UK, Hartley, Iain P., 10 Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Exeter UK, Hoyt, Alison, 11 Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Jena Germany, Lupascu, Massimo, 12 Department of Geography National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore, Natali, Susan M., 13 Woodwell Climate Research Center Falmouth MA USA, O'Donnell, Jonathan A., 14 National Park Service, Arctic Network Anchorage AK USA, Raymond, Peter A., 15 Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies New Haven CT USA, Tanentzap, Andrew J., 16 Ecosystems and Global Change Group, Department of Plant Sciences University of Cambridge Cambridge UK, Tank, Suzanne E., 17 Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton Canada, Schuur, Edward A. G., 18 Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA, Turetsky, Merritt, 19 Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph Canada, Anthony, Katey Walter, 20 Water and Environmental Research Center University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: particulate organic carbon, 0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, 551.9, Peat, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, permafrost thaw, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Permafrost, 01 natural sciences, Thermokarst, Dissolved organic carbon, Environmental Chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, methane, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, carbon dioxide, Soil carbon, 15. Life on land, dissolved organic carbon, Tundra, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Soil water, radiocarbon, Erosion, Environmental science, Physical geography
Abstract: The magnitude of future emissions of greenhouse gases from the northern permafrost region depends crucially on the mineralization of soil organic carbon (SOC) that has accumulated over millennia in these perennially frozen soils. Many recent studies have used radiocarbon (14C) to quantify the release of this “old” SOC as CO2 or CH4 to the atmosphere or as dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC) to surface waters. We compiled ~1,900 14C measurements from 51 sites in the northern permafrost region to assess the vulnerability of thawing SOC in tundra, forest, peatland, lake, and river ecosystems. We found that growing season soil 14C‐CO2 emissions generally had a modern (post‐1950s) signature, but that well‐drained, oxic soils had increased CO2 emissions derived from older sources following recent thaw. The age of CO2 and CH4 emitted from lakes depended primarily on the age and quantity of SOC in sediments and on the mode of emission, and indicated substantial losses of previously frozen SOC from actively expanding thermokarst lakes. Increased fluvial export of aged DOC and POC occurred from sites where permafrost thaw caused soil thermal erosion. There was limited evidence supporting release of previously frozen SOC as CO2, CH4, and DOC from thawing peatlands with anoxic soils. This synthesis thus suggests widespread but not universal release of permafrost SOC following thaw. We show that different definitions of “old” sources among studies hamper the comparison of vulnerability of permafrost SOC across ecosystems and disturbances. We also highlight opportunities for future 14C studies in the permafrost region., Key Points: We compiled ~1,900 14C measurements of CO2, CH4, DOC, and POC from the northern permafrost region. Old carbon release increases in thawed oxic soils (CO2), thermokarst lakes (CH4 and CO2), and headwaters with thermal erosion (DOC and POC). Simultaneous and year‐long 14C analyses of CO2, CH4, DOC, and POC are needed to assess the vulnerability of permafrost carbon across ecosystems., EC | H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (ERC) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663, Gouvernement du Canada | Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000038, National Science Foundation (NSF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
Published: 2020

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