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624 results on '"Department of Physics, University of Surrey"'

1. Identification of a millisecond isomeric state in Cd81129 via the detection of internal conversion and Compton electrons

Author

Taprogge, J.(Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Madrid, E-28006, Spain), Jungclaus, A.(Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Madrid, E-28006, Spain), Grawe, H.(GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, 64291, Germany), Nishimura, S.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Xu, Z.Y.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Doornenbal, P.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Lorusso, G.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Nácher, E.(Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Madrid, E-28006, Spain), Simpson, G.S.(LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble cedex, F-38026, France), Söderström, P.-A.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Sumikama, T.(Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan), Baba, H.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Browne, F.(School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4JG, United Kingdom), Fukuda, N.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Gernhäuser, R.(Physik Department E12, Technische Universität München, Garching, D-85748, Germany), Gey, G.(LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble cedex, F-38026, France), Inabe, N.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Isobe, T.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Jung, H.S.(Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea), Kameda, D.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Kim, G.D.(Rare Isotope Science Project, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea), Kim, Y.-K.(Rare Isotope Science Project, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea), Kojouharov, I.(GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, 64291, Germany), Kubo, T.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Kurz, N.(GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, 64291, Germany), Kwon, Y.K.(Rare Isotope Science Project, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea), Li, Z.(School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China), Sakurai, H.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Schaffner, H.(GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, 64291, Germany), Steiger, K.(Physik Department E12, Technische Universität München, Garching, D-85748, Germany), Suzuki, H.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Takeda, H.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Vajta, Zs.(MTA Atomki, P.O. Box 51, Debrecen, H-4001, Hungary), Watanabe, H.(RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan), Wu, J.(School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China), Yagi, A.(Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan), Yoshinaga, K.(Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan), Benzoni, G.(INFN, Sezione di Milano, via Celoria 16, Milano, I-20133, Italy), Bönig, S.(Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, D-64289, Germany), Chae, K.Y.(Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea), Coraggio, L.(Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Napoli, I-80126, Italy), Covello, A.(Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Napoli, I-80126, Italy), Daugas, J.-M.(CEA, DAM, DIF, Arpajon cedex, 91297, France), Drouet, F.(LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble cedex, F-38026, France), Gadea, A.(Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC, Univ. of Valencia, Paterna, E-46980, Spain), Gargano, A.(Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Napoli, I-80126, Italy), Ilieva, S.(Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, D-64289, Germany), Kondev, F.G.(Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA), Kröll, T.(Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, D-64289, Germany), Lane, G.J.(Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia), Montaner-Pizá, A.(Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC, Univ. of Valencia, Paterna, E-46980, Spain), Moschner, K.(IKP, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50937, Germany), Mücher, D.(Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, D-64289, Germany), Naqvi, F.(Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8120, USA), Niikura, M.(Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Japan, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033), Nishibata, H.(Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan), Odahara, A.(Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan), Orlandi, R.(Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, K.U. Leuven, Heverlee, B-3001, Belgium), Patel, Z.(Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom), Podolyák, Zs.(Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom), and Wendt, A.(IKP, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50937, Germany)

Subjects
Isomeric decays, Shell model calculations, Nuclear Theory, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Transition strengths, Nuclear Experiment, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999
Abstract

The decay of an isomeric state in the neutron-rich nucleus 129Cd has been observed via the detection of internal conversion and Compton electrons providing first experimental information on excited states in this nucleus. The isomer was populated in the projectile fission of a 238U beam at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN. From the measured yields of γ-rays and internal conversion electrons, a multipolarity of E3 was tentatively assigned to the isomeric transition. A half-life of T1/2=3.6(2) ms was determined for the new state which was assigned a spin of (21/2+), based on a comparison to shell model calculations performed using state-of-the-art realistic effective interactions. Keywords: Isomeric decays, Transition strengths, Shell model calculations

Published
2014

2. Mixing Salts and Poly(ethylene glycol) into Protein Solutions: The Effects of Diffusion across Semipermeable Membranes and of Convection

Author

Monika Budayova-Spano, Niels Junius, Richard P. Sear, Virginia Apostolopoulou, University of Surrey (UNIS), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Physics, University of Surrey, and Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford

Subjects
Convection, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Semipermeable membranes, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Chemistry, Diffusion, technology, industry, and agriculture, Mixing (process engineering), Salt (chemistry), 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Crystal, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemical engineering, PEG ratio, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, Ethylene glycol, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

International audience; Growing a protein crystal starts by mixing a solution of the protein, with a solution of a precipitant—such as a salt or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Mixing two solutions is a surprisingly complex process, but this complexity has not received much attention by those crystallizing proteins, despite crystallization being notoriously sensitive to solution conditions. We combine experimental data with modeling to improve our ability to predict mixing time scales for conditions typical of protein crystallization. We look at the effects of convection and of diffusion through semipermeable membranes. Our experiments are with dialysis chambers, where the crystallization chamber is separated from a precipitant reservoir by a semipermeable membrane. This membrane slows mixing down by factors that vary from ten, for smaller PEG and salts, to a hundred, for dilute larger PEG. This agrees with our model prediction that for larger polymers diffusion through the membrane is sensitive to both molecular weight and concentration. Both salt and PEG solutions are denser than dilute protein solutions, and this drives convection, which accelerates mixing. Convection is flow due to gravity acting on mass density differences. We show how to determine when convection occurs and how to estimate its effect on mixing times.

Published
2020

3. Decay properties of 22Ne + α resonances and their impact on s-process nucleosynthesis

Author

D. T. Doherty, S. Dede, A. Matta, Grigory Rogachev, W. N. Catford, R. Wilkinson, H. Jayatissa, G. Christian, S. Upadhyayula, Antti Saastamoinen, M. Moukaddam, J. A. Tostevin, Joshua Hooker, Shuya Ota, Gavin Lotay, E. A. Bennett, C. Hunt, S. Hallam, Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK, and Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Branching fraction, Resonance, Atmospheric temperature range, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:QC1-999, Stars, Deuterium, 13. Climate action, Nucleosynthesis, Neutron flux, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, s-process, lcsh:Physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The astrophysical s-process is one of the two main processes forming elements heavier than iron. A key outstanding uncertainty surrounding s-process nucleosynthesis is the neutron flux generated by the Ne 22 ( α , n ) 25 Mg reaction during the He-core and C-shell burning phases of massive stars. This reaction, as well as the competing Ne 22 ( α , γ ) 26 Mg reaction, is not well constrained in the important temperature regime from ∼0.2–0.4 GK, owing to uncertainties in the nuclear properties of resonances lying within the Gamow window. To address these uncertainties, we have performed a new measurement of the Ne 22 ( Li 6 , d ) 26 Mg reaction in inverse kinematics, detecting the outgoing deuterons and Mg 25 , 26 recoils in coincidence. We have established a new n / γ decay branching ratio of 1.14 ( 26 ) for the key E x = 11.32 MeV resonance in Mg 26 , which results in a new ( α , n ) strength for this resonance of 42 ( 11 ) μ eV when combined with the well-established ( α , γ ) strength of this resonance. We have also determined new upper limits on the α partial widths of neutron-unbound resonances at E x = 11.112 , 11.163, 11.169, and 11.171 MeV. Monte-Carlo calculations of the stellar Ne 22 ( α , n ) 25 Mg and Ne 22 ( α , γ ) 26 Mg rates, which incorporate these results, indicate that both rates are substantially lower than previously thought in the temperature range from ∼0.2–0.4 GK.

Published
2020

4. High-performance water-based barrier coatings for the corrosion protection of structural steel

Author

Brendan Duffy, B. Thomas, Joseph L. Keddie, Franck D'Agosto, Véronique Dehan, Malin Schulz, Morgan Sibbald, Michelle Lee, Sharon Hilton, Douglas P. Mazeffa, Muriel Lansalot, Kalliopi Krassa, Ming Liang Koh, Andrea Fortini, Elodie Bourgeat-Lami, Brian Skerry, Jennifer Lesage de la Haye, Christos Mantzaridis, Ignacio Martín-Fabiani, Richard P. Sear, ECCS - European Convention for Constructional Steelwork (ECCS), Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés, R 5265 (C2P2), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dublin Institute of Technology, University of Surrey (UNIS), Sherwin-Williams Protective and Marine Coatings Tower Works, Megara Resins, Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT), Department of Physics, University of Surrey, European Project: 304758,EC:FP7:SME,FP7-SME-2012,BARRIER PLUS(2014), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École supérieure de Chimie Physique Electronique de Lyon (CPE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford

Subjects
Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Corrosion, Coating, Forensic engineering, Composite material, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Civil and Structural Engineering, chemistry.chemical_classification, Environmental profile, Metals and Alloys, Building and Construction, Polymer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Moisture resistance, Water based, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Dispersion (chemistry)
Abstract

This article provides an overview of the outcomes of a European-funded project called BarrierPlus. A new type of water-based barrier coating was developed for structural steel applications. The advantages of this coating include enhanced moisture resistance, low volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and one-component self-crosslinking free of isocyanates. To enable this performance, a latex polymer binder was uniquely designed without using soap-like molecules, known as surfactants, to form the dispersion. By minimizing surfactants in the coating, the barrier properties were significantly enhanced. The latex was successfully scaled up to 15 kg quantities by an SME, coating formulations were scaled to pilot quantities and a variety of characterization and coating performance tests were completed. A life cycle assessment found that the BarrierPlus coating has a better environmental profile than an industry benchmark solvent-borne coating and showed promising results relative to commercial waterborne benchmarks.

Published
2017

5. Search for $^{22}$Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes

Author

Chloé Fougères, Francois de Oliveira Santos, Jordi Jose, Caterina Michelagnoli, Emmanuel Clément, Yung Hee Kim, Antoine Lemasson, Valdir Guimaraes, Diego Barrientos, Daniel Bemmerer, Giovanna Benzoni, Andrew Boston, Roman Bottger, Florent Boulay, Angela Bracco, Igor Celikovic, Bo Cederwall, Michal Ciemala, Clement Delafosse, Cesar Domingo-Pardo, Jeremie Dudouet, Jurgen Eberth, Zsolt Fulop, Vicente Gonzalez, Johan Goupil, Herbert Hess, Andrea Jungclaus, Ayse Kaşkaş, Amel Korichi, Silvia Lenzi, Silvia Leoni, Hongjie Li, Joa Ljungvall, Araceli Lopez-Martens, Roberto Menegazzo, Daniele Mengoni, Benedicte Million, Jaromir Mrazek, Daniel Napoli, Alahari Navin, Johan Nyberg, Zsolt Podolyak, Alberto Pullia, Begona Quintana, Damien Ralet, Nadine Redon, Peter Reiter, Kseniia Rezynkina, Frédéric Saillant, Marie-Delphine Salsac, Angel Sánchez-Benítez, Enrique Sanchis, Menekse Senyigit, Marco Siciliano, Nadezda Smirnova, Dorottya Sohler, mihai stanoiu, Christophe Theisen, Jose Javier Valiente-Dobon, Predrag Ujic, Madalena Zielinska, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Institute for Basic Science [Daejeon] (IBS), Instituto de Fisica da Universidade de São Paulo (IFUSP), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), CERN [Genève], Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), University of Liverpool, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade (VINCA), Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Valencia, Universitat de València (UV), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Kernphysik der Universität zu Köln, Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Institute for Nuclear Research [Budapest] (ATOMKI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Physics Department, Ankara University, Ankara University, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, University of Surrey (UNIS), Universidad de Salamanca, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CEAFMC, University of Huelva, Laboratoire de Physique des Deux Infinis Bordeaux (LP2I - Bordeaux), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, IFIN-HH Bucharest, ANR-17-CE31-0026,OASIS,Optimisation d'Agata pour la physique(2017), and European Project: 212692,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2007-1,SPIRAL2PP(2007)

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics and Astronomy, astro-ph.SR, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), nucl-ex, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Experiment, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, and important sources of $^{26}$Al and $^{22}$Na. While gamma rays from the decay of the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, $^{22}$Na remains untraceable. The half-life of $^{22}$Na (2.6 yr) would allow the observation of its 1.275 MeV gamma-ray line from a cosmic source. However, the prediction of such an observation requires good knowledge of the nuclear reactions involved in the production and destruction of this nucleus. The $^{22}$Na($p,\gamma$)$^{23}$Mg reaction remains the only source of large uncertainty about the amount of $^{22}$Na ejected. Its rate is dominated by a single resonance on the short-lived state at 7785.0(7) keV in $^{23}$Mg. In the present work, a combined analysis of particle-particle correlations and velocity-difference profiles is proposed to measure femtosecond nuclear lifetimes. The application of this novel method to the study of the $^{23}$Mg states, combining magnetic and highly-segmented tracking gamma-ray spectrometers, places strong limits on the amount of $^{22}$Na produced in novae, explains its non-observation to date in gamma rays (flux < 2.5x$10^{-4}$ ph/(cm$^2$s)), and constrains its detectability with future space-borne observatories., Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

Published
2022

6. Decays of new nuclides and isomers beyond the proton drip line - The influence of neutron configurations

Author

R. D. Page, L. Bianco, I. G. Darby, D. T. Joss, J. Simpson, J. S. Al-Khalili, A. J. Cannon, R. J. Cooper, S. Eeckhaudt, S. Ertürk, B. Gall, T. Grahn, P. T. Greenlees, B. Hadinia, P. M. Jones, D. S. Judson, R. Julin, S. Juutinen, S. Ketelhut, M. Labiche, M. Leino, A.-P. Leppänen, M. Nyman, D. O’Donnell, P. Rahkila, P. J. Sapple, J. Sarén, C. Scholey, A. N. Steer, P. D. Stevenson, E. B. Suckling, J. Thomson, J. Uusitalo, M. Venhart, Ismail Boztosun, A. B. Balantekin, 0-Belirlenecek, and Page, R.D., Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Bianco, L., Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Darby, I.G., Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Joss, D.T., Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Simpson, J., STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom -- Al-Khalili, J.S., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom -- Cannon, A.J., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom -- Cooper, R.J., Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Eeckhaudt, S., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Ertürk, S., Nigde Universitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Falkultesi, Fizik Bdlumti, Nigde, Turkey -- Gall, B., IPHC, CNRS, IN2P3, ULP Strasbourg, 23 rue de Loess, Strasbourg, 67037, France -- Grahn, T., Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Greenlees, P.T., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Hadinia, B., Royal Institute of Technology, Alba Nova Center, Stockholm, S-106 91, Sweden -- Jones, P.M., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Judson, D.S., Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Julin, R., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Juutinen, S., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Ketelhut, S., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Labiche, M., STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom -- Leino, M., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Leppänen, A.-P., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Nyman, M., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- O'Donnell, D., STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom -- Rahkila, P., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Sapple, P.J., Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Sarén, J., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Scholey, C., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Steer, A.N., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Stevenson, P.D., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom -- Suckling, E.B., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom -- Thomson, J., Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Uusitalo, J., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland -- Venhart, M., Department of Physics, University of Jyvdskyld, Jyvdskyld, FIN-40014, Finland

Subjects
Physics, Proton, Gamma ray, Alpha particle, Segmented Si and Ge detectors. Measured E ? ,E proton ,E ? ,T 1/2, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Reactions 58 Ni+ 106 Cd at 290,300,310 MeV beam energy, Beta particle, Neutron, Enriched targets, Nuclide, Alpha decay, Gas-filled recoil separator, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Ground state
Abstract

Bozok University;Erciyes University;et al.;Istanbul University;Nigde University;The Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEK), International Conference on Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics: From Stable Beams to Exotic Nuclei 2008 -- 25 June 2008 through 30 June 2008 -- -- 139817, The energy of the vh 9/2 orbital in nuclei above N = 82 drops rapidly in energy relative to the vf 7/2 orbital as the occupancy of the ?h 11/2 orbital increases. These two neutron orbitals become nearly degenerate as the proton drip line is approached. In this work, we have discovered the new nuclides 161 Os and 157 W, and studied the decays of the proton emitter 160 Re in detail. The 161 Os and 160 Re nuclei were produced in reactions of 290, 300 and 310 MeV 58 Ni ions with an isotopically enriched 106 Cd target, separated in-flight using the RITU separator and implanted into the GREAT spectrometer. The 161 Os a decays populated the new nuclide 157 W, which decayed by ß-particle emission. The ß decay fed the known ?-decaying l/2 + and 11/2 - states in 157 Ta, which is consistent with a vf 7/2 ground state in 157 W. The measured a-decay energy and half-life for 161 Os correspond to a reduced ?-decay width that is compatible with s-wave ?-particle emission, implying that its ground state is also a vf 7/2 state. Over 7000 160 Re nuclei were produced and the y decays of a new isomeric state feeding the ?d 3/2 level in 160 Re were discovered, but no evidence for the proton or a decay of the expected ?h 11/2 state could be found. The isomer decays offer a natural explanation for this non-observation and provides a striking example of the influence of the near degeneracy of the vh 9/2 and vf 7/2 orbitals on the properties of nuclei in this region. © 2008 American Institute of Physics., Academy of Finland Science and Technology Facilities Council Finnish Centre of Excellence in Atomic Layer Deposition Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, We would like to thank the technical staff at Jyvaskyla for their excellent support and to Paul Morrall from Daresbury Laboratory for making the targets. This work has been supported by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council; the Swedish Natural Science Research Council; the Academy of Finland under the Finnish Centre of Excellence Programme (project 44875 Nuclear and Condensed Matter Physics Programme at JYFL); the European Union Sixth Framework contract EURONS (RII3-CT-2004-506065) and the European Union Marie Curie Programme (contract HPMT-CT-2001-00250).

Published
2008

7. Discovery of the proton emitting nucleus $^{159}$Re

Author

D. T. Joss, I. G. Darby, R. D. Page, J. Uusitalo, S. Eeckhaudt, T. Grahn, P. T. Greenlees, P. M. Jones, R. Julin, S. Juutinen, S. Ketelhut, M. Leino, A.-P. Leppänen, M. Nyman, J. Pakarinen, P. Rahkila, J. Sarén, C. Scholey, A. N. Steer, J. S. Al-Khalili, A. J. Cannon, P. D. Stevenson, S. Ertürk, B. Gall, B. Hadinia, M. Venhart, J. Simpson, Lídia S. Ferreira, Paramasivan Arumugan, Département Recherches Subatomiques (DRS-IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lídia S. Ferreira, Paramasivan Arumugan, Joss, D.T., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom -- Darby, I.G., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Page, R.D., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Uusitalo, J., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Eeckhaudt, S., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Grahn, T., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Greenlees, P.T., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Jones, P.M., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Julin, R., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Juutinen, S., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Ketelhut, S., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Leino, M., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Leppänen, A.-P., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Nyman, M., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Pakarinen, J., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Rahkila, P., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Sarén, J., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Scholey, C., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Steer, A.N., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland -- Al-Khalili, J.S., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom -- Cannon, A.J., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom -- Stevenson, P.D., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom -- Ertürk, S., Nigde Universitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Falkültesi, Fizik Bölümü, Nigde, Turkey -- Gall, B., ULP Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France -- Hadinia, B., Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden -- Venhart, M., Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina, 842 48, Bratislava 4, Slovakia -- Simpson, J., STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom, and 0-Belirlenecek

Subjects
Si detectors, nuclear spin, Measured E p, Proton, Hadron, 02 engineering and technology, rhenium, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, Isotopes of cadmium, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, nuclei with mass number 150 to 189, Enriched targets, radioactive decay periods, Nuclide, Isotope, Chemistry, Nuclear structure, 020206 networking & telecommunications, T1/2, 13. Climate action, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 23.50.+z, 27.70.+q, 21.10.Tg, 21.10.Hw, Gas-filled recoil separator, Nucleon, Radioactive decay, Nuclear reactions 58Ni + 106Cd at 300 MeV beam energy, proton emission decay
Abstract

Fund. para Cienc. Tecnol., FCT, Minist. Cienc. Tecnol.;Fundacao Calouste Gulbenkian;Fundacao Luso-Americana, International Conference on Proton Emitting Nuclei and Related Topics, PROCON 2007 -- 17 June 2007 through 23 June 2007 -- Lisbon, The observation of the new nuclide 159Re provides important insights into the evolution of single-particle structure in heavy nuclei beyond the proton drip line. The nuclide 159Re was synthesised in the reaction 106Cd(58Ni, p4n) and identified via its proton radioactivity using the RITU gas-filled separator and the GREAT focal-plane spectrometer. Comparisons of the measured proton energy (Ep = 1805±20 keV) and decay half-life (t1/2 = 21±4 µs) with values calculated using the WKB method indicate that the proton is emitted from an h11/2 state. The implications of these results for future experimental investigations into even more proton unbound Re isotopes using in-flight separation techniques are considered. © 2007 American Institute of Physics.

Published
2007

8. ? decay of Re159 and proton emission from Ta155

Author

Page R.D., Bianco L., Darby I.G., Uusitalo J., Joss D.T., Grahn T., Herzberg R.-D., Pakarinen J., Thomson J., Eeckhaudt S., Greenlees P.T., Jones P.M., Julin R., Juutinen S., Ketelhut S., Leino M., Leppänen A.-P., Nyman M., Rahkila P., Sarén J., Scholey C., Steer A., Hornillos M.B.G., Al-Khalili J.S., Cannon A.J., Stevenson P.D., Ertürk S., Gall B., Hadinia B., Venhart M., Simpson J., and Page, R.D., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Bianco, L., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Darby, I.G., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Uusitalo, J., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Joss, D.T., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom, CCLRC, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom -- Grahn, T., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom, Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Herzberg, R.-D., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Pakarinen, J., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom, Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Thomson, J., Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom -- Eeckhaudt, S., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Greenlees, P.T., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Jones, P.M., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Julin, R., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Juutinen, S., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Ketelhut, S., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Leino, M., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Leppänen, A.-P., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Nyman, M., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Rahkila, P., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Sarén, J., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Scholey, C., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Steer, A., Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä, FIN-40014, Finland -- Hornillos, M.B.G., CCLRC, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom -- Al-Khalili, J.S., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom -- Cannon, A.J., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom -- Stevenson, P.D., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom -- Ertürk, S., Nigde Universitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Falkültesi, Fizik Bölümü, Nigde, 7XH, Turkey -- Gall, B., IPHC, CNRS-IN2P3, ULP Strasbourg, 23 rue de Loess, F-67037 Strasbourg cedex 2, France -- Hadinia, B., Royal Institute of Technology, Alba Nova Center, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden -- Venhart, M., Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina, 842 48 Bratislava 4, Slovakia -- Simpson, J., CCLRC, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The ? decay of Re159 has been observed for the first time in reactions of 300 MeV Ni58 ions with an isotopically enriched Cd106 target. The Re159 ions were separated in-flight using the RITU separator and implanted into the GREAT spectrometer. The ? decay emanates from the proton-emitting ?h11/2 state in Re159 with an energy of E?=6776±26 keV and a branching ratio of 7.5 ± 3.5%. This ? decay populates a state in the closed neutron shell nucleus Ta155, which decays by emitting 1444 ± 15 keV protons with a half-life of 2.9-1.1+1.5 ms. These values are consistent with the emission of the proton from a ?h11/2 orbital. These results fit in with the systematics of proton and ?-particle separation energies in the region, but disagree with the previously reported decay properties of Ta155. © 2007 The American Physical Society.

Published
2007

14. Temperature and High Hydrostatic Pressure Investigations of Epitaxially Grown 2.3-µm GaSb lasers on Si

Author

Ellis, A. R., Marko, I. P., Eales, T. D., Laurent Cerutti, Marta Rio Calvo, Laura Monge-Bartolome, Jean-Baptiste Rodriguez, Eric Tournié, Sweeney, Stephen J., Department of Physics, University of Surrey, University of Surrey (UNIS), Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Composants à Nanostructure pour le moyen infrarouge (NANOMIR), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photonique et Ondes (PO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Matériaux (MAT), ANR-11-EQPX-0016,EXTRA,Centre d'Excellence sur les Antimoniures(2011), and European Project: 780240

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

16. Magnetic moment of the 11/2 − isomeric state in 99 Mo and neutron spin g factor quenching in A∼100 nuclei

Author

Daugas, J.M., Rosse, B., Balabanski, D.L., Bucurescu, D., Kisyov, S., Regan, P.H., Georgiev, G., Gaudefroy, L., Gladnishki, K., Méot, V., Morel, P., Pietri, S., Roig, O., Simpson, G.S., DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris Saclay, Extreme Light Infrastruture - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), National Institut for Nuclear Physics and Engineering (IFIN HH), National Institut for Nuclear Physics and Engineering, Romanian Academy, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, University of Surrey (UNIS), National Physical Laboratory [Teddington] (NPL), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France, Faculty of Physics, Sofia University saint Kliment Ohridski, Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (GSI), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski'

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics]
Abstract

International audience; The gyromagnetic factor of the low-lying Ex=684.10(19)keV isomeric state of the nucleus 99Mo was measured using the time-dependent perturbed angular distribution technique. This level is assigned a spin and parity of Jπ=11/2−, with a half-life of T1/2=742(13)ns. The state of interest was populated and spin-aligned via a single-neutron transfer on a highly enriched 98Mo target. A magnetic moment μexpt.=−0.627(20)μN was obtained. This result is far from the Schmidt value expected for a pure single-particle νh11/2 state. A comparison of experimental spectroscopic properties of this nucleus is made with results of multishell Interacting boson-fermion Model (IBFM-1) calculations. In this approach, the Jπ=11/2− isomeric state in 99Mo has a pure νh11/2 configuration. Its magnetic moment, as well as that of other two excited states could be reasonably well reproduced by reducing the free neutron spin g factor with a quenching factor of 0.45. This low value is not appropriate only for this case, similar values for the quenching factor being also required in order to describe magnetic moments in other nuclei from the same mass region

Published
2021

17. Human–Machine Scientific Discovery

Author

Ghazal Afroozi Milani, Stephen Muggleton, Alireza Tamaddoni-Nezhad, Alan Raybould, David A. Bohan, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, University of Surrey (UNIS), Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Imaging, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, Muggleton, Stephen, and Chater, Nicholas

Subjects
Engineering, machine learning, business.industry, human-like computing, Scientific discovery, scientific discovery, Human–machine system, human-machine discovery, business, food-web discovery, Data science, abductive ILP, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Humanity is facing existential, societal challenges related to food security, ecosystem conservation, antimicrobial resistance, etc, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) is already playing an important role in tackling these new challenges. Most current AI approaches are limited when it comes to ‘knowledge transfer’ with humans, i.e. it is difficult to incorporate existing human knowledge and also the output knowledge is not human comprehensible. In this chapter we demonstrate how a combination of comprehensible machine learning, text-mining and domain knowledge could enhance human-machine collaboration for the purpose of automated scientific discovery where humans and computers jointly develop and evaluate scientific theories. As a case study, we describe a combination of logic-based machine learning (which included human-encoded ecological background knowledge) and text-mining from scientific publications (to verify machine-learned hypotheses) for the purpose of automated discovery of ecological interaction networks (food-webs) to detect change in agricultural ecosystems using the Farm Scale Evaluations (FSEs) of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops dataset. The results included novel food-web hypotheses, some confirmed by subsequent experimental studies (e.g. DNA analysis) and published in scientific journals. These machine-leaned food-webs were also used as the basis of a recent study revealing resilience of agro-ecosystems to changes in farming management using GMHT crops.

Published
2021

19. Angular momentum generation in nuclear fission

Author

B. Fornal, M. S. Yavahchova, C. Delafosse, A. Boso, V. Sánchez-Tembleque, K. Rezynkina, M. Lebois, K. Hauschild, T. Kröll, Muriel Fallot, P. Adsley, J. Ljungvall, Ł. W. Iskra, F. Ibrahim, E. Adamska, C. Henrich, A. Gottardo, Stephan Oberstedt, R. Chakma, C. Sürder, V. Guadilla, C. Porzio, P. H. Regan, J. Benito, A. Korgul, R. Lozeva, L. Le Meur, M. Piersa, P. Ivanov, V. Vedia, J. Nemer, B. Wasilewska, N. Jovančević, Y. Popovitch, W. Paulsen, C. Schmitt, N. Cieplicka-Oryńczak, R. B. Gerst, Sunniva Siem, G. Tocabens, P. A. Söderström, K. Belvedere, S. Courtin, S. Ziliani, R. Canavan, D. Gjestvang, L. Qi, D. Etasse, P. Koseoglou, G. Häfner, I. Matea, I. Homm, M. Heine, L. M. Fraile, T. Kurtukian-Nieto, Fabio Zeiser, P. Davies, D. Thisse, M. L. Cortés, A. Blazhev, S. Jazrawi, M. Bunce, A. Lopez-Martens, K. Miernik, Alejandro Algora, M. Rudigier, J. N. Wilson, N. Warr, J. Wiederhold, D. Verney, D. Ralet, M. Babo, L. Gaudefroy, G. Benzoni, S. Bottoni, S. Leoni, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oslo (UiO), Department of Physics, University of Surrey, University of Surrey (UNIS), Technische Universität Darmstadt - Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEA, Bruyeres le Chatel, France, affiliation inconnue, University of Warsaw (UW), Facultat de Fisica [València] (UV), Universitat de València (UV), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Institut für Kernphysik der Universität zu Köln, Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, National Physical Laboratory [Teddington] (NPL), Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej PAN (IFJ), Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), University of Manchester [Manchester], Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Geel] (JRC), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn IFIN HH, ELI NP Dept, Reactorului Str 30, Magurele 077125, Romania, Софийски университет = Sofia University, Technische Universität Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), Universidad Complutense de Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Università degli studi di Milano [Milano], Universität zu Köln, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Technical University Darmstadt (TU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), University of Sofia, Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Angular momentum, Multidisciplinary, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Spins, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fission, Nuclear Theory, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Nuclear fission, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic nucleus, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Excitation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Spin-½
Abstract

When a heavy atomic nucleus splits (fission), the resulting fragments are observed to emerge spinning1; this phenomenon has been a mystery in nuclear physics for over 40 years2,3. The internal generation of typically six or seven units of angular momentum in each fragment is particularly puzzling for systems that start with zero, or almost zero, spin. There are currently no experimental observations that enable decisive discrimination between the many competing theories for the mechanism that generates the angular momentum4–12. Nevertheless, the consensus is that excitation of collective vibrational modes generates the intrinsic spin before the nucleus splits (pre-scission). Here we show that there is no significant correlation between the spins of the fragment partners, which leads us to conclude that angular momentum in fission is actually generated after the nucleus splits (post-scission). We present comprehensive data showing that the average spin is strongly mass-dependent, varying in saw-tooth distributions. We observe no notable dependence of fragment spin on the mass or charge of the partner nucleus, confirming the uncorrelated post-scission nature of the spin mechanism. To explain these observations, we propose that the collective motion of nucleons in the ruptured neck of the fissioning system generates two independent torques, analogous to the snapping of an elastic band. A parameterization based on occupation of angular momentum states according to statistical theory describes the full range of experimental data well. This insight into the role of spin in nuclear fission is not only important for the fundamental understanding and theoretical description of fission, but also has consequences for the γ-ray heating problem in nuclear reactors13,14, for the study of the structure of neutron-rich isotopes15,16, and for the synthesis and stability of super-heavy elements17,18. γ-ray spectroscopy experiments on the origin of spin in the products of nuclear fission of spin-zero nuclei suggest that the fission fragments acquire their spin after scission, rather than before.

Published
2021

41. No severe neonatal and maternal complications in inflammatory bowel diseases patients treated with ustekinumab or vedolizumab during pregnancy

Author

Wils, P., Seksik, P., Stefanescu, C., Nancey, S., Allez, M., Laharie, D., de Chambrun, G. Pineton, Altwegg, R., Gilletta, C., Vuitton, L., Viennot, S., Serrero, M., Fumery, Mathurin, Savoye, G., Collins, M., Goutorbe, F., Brixi, H., Bouguen, G., Tavernier, N., Boualit, M., Amiot, A., Abitbol, V., Pariente, B., Grp, Getaid, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Gastroentérologie et nutrition [CHU Saint-Antoine], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Beaujon, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques - UMR INERIS_I 1 (PERITOX), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Registre EPIMAD, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Amiens-Picardie-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Department of Physics, University of Surrey, University of Surrey (UNIS), Département Gastroentérologie, CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre for Systems Biology, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada, Programme équipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Jacques Monod, UMR7592, Université de Paris, CNRS, Paris, France, Centre hospitalier [Valenciennes, Nord], Early detection of Colon Cancer using Molecular Markers and Microbiota (EA 7375) (EC2M3), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Service de Gastro-entérologie [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Claude Huriez [Lille], CHU Lille, and DESSAIVRE, Louise

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

46. Enhanced Water Barrier Properties of Surfactant-Free Polymer Films Obtained by MacroRAFT-Mediated Emulsion Polymerization

Author

Muriel Lansalot, Brendan Duffy, Joseph L. Keddie, Michelle Lee, Jennifer Lesage de la Haye, Malin Schulz, Ignacio Martín-Fabiani, Franck D'Agosto, Yang Liu, Department of Materials [Loughborough], Loughborough University, Laboratoire de Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères et Procédés, R 5265 (C2P2), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École supérieure de Chimie Physique Electronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Department of Physics and UniS Materials Institute, and University of Surrey (UNIS)

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Molar mass, Emulsion polymerization, Sorption, 02 engineering and technology, Polymer, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Solvent, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemical engineering, Methacrylic acid, chemistry, Copolymer, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water vapor
Abstract

The presence of low-molar-mass surfactants in latex films results in detrimental effects on their water permeability, gloss, and adhesion. For applications such as coatings, there is a need to develop formulations that do not contain surfactants and have better water barrier properties. Having previously reported the synthesis of surfactant-free latex particles in water using low amounts (2 wt %) of chains synthesized by controlled radical polymerization (Lesage de la Haye et al. Macromolecules 2017, 50, 9315-9328), here we study the water barrier properties of films made from these particles and their application in anticorrosion coatings. When films cast from aqueous dispersions of acrylate copolymer particles stabilized with poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSSNa) were immersed in water for 3 days, they sorbed only 4 wt % water. This uptake is only slightly higher than the value predicted for the pure copolymer, indicating that the negative effects of any particle boundaries and hydrophilic-stabilizing molecules are minimal. This sorption of liquid water is 5 times lower than what is found in films cast from particles stabilized with the same proportion of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA), which is more hydrophilic than PSSNa. In water vapor with 90% relative humidity, the PSSNa-based film had an equilibrium sorption of only 4 wt %. A small increase in the PMAA content has a strong and negative impact on the barrier properties. Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry on polymer films after immersion in water shows that water clusters have the smallest size in the films containing PSSNa. Furthermore, these films retain their optical clarity during immersion in liquid water for up to 90 min, whereas all other compositions quickly develop opacity ("water whitening") as a result of light scattering from sorbed water. This implies a remarkably complete coalescence and a very small density of defects, which yields properties matching those of some solvent-borne films. The latex stabilized with PSSNa is implemented as the binder in a paint formulation for application as an anticorrosive barrier coating on steel substrates and evaluated in accelerated weathering and corrosion tests. Our results demonstrate the potential of self-stabilized latex particles for the development of different applications, such as waterborne protective coatings and pressure-sensitive adhesives.

Published
2018

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