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141 results on '"Department of Information Technology (INTEC)"'

1. High-Speed Uni-Travelling-Carrier Photodiodes on Silicon Nitride

Author: Dennis Maes, Sam Lemey, Gunther Roelkens, Mohammed Zaknoune, Vanessa Avramovic, Etienne Okada, Pascal Szriftgiser, Emilien Peytavit, Guillaume Ducournau, Bart Kuyken, Department of Information Technology [INTEC], Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 [IEMN], Advanced NanOmeter DEvices - IEMN [ANODE - IEMN], Plateforme de Caractérisation Multi-Physiques - IEMN [PCMP - IEMN], Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 [PhLAM], Photonique THz - IEMN [PHOTONIQUE THZ - IEMN], Photonics Research Group, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [UGENT], Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Advanced NanOmeter DEvices - IEMN (ANODE - IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Plateforme de Caractérisation Multi-Physiques - IEMN (PCMP - IEMN), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THZ - IEMN), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), no information, and PCMP CHOP
Subjects: Hybrid integrated circuit, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Silicon photonics, Photomixing, Photonic integrated circuits, Photodetectors, Photodiodes, Photonics, Technology and Engineering, Computer Networks and Communications, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: International audience; Integrated photonics is an emerging technology for many existing and future tele- and data communication applications. One platform of particular interest is Silicon Nitride (SiN) thanks to - amongst others - its very low-loss waveguides. However, it lacks active devices, such as lasers, amplifiers and photodiodes. For this, hybrid or heterogeneous integration is needed. Here, we bring high-speed uni-travelling-carrier photodiodes (UTC PDs) to a low-loss SiN-platform by means of micro-transfer-printing. This versatile technology for heterogeneous integration not only allows very dense and material-efficient III-V integration, it also eases fabrication yielding high-performance detectors. The waveguide-coupled photodiodes feature a responsivity of 0.3 A/W at 1550 nm, a dark current of 10 nA and a bandwidth of 155 GHz at a low bias. At zero bias, a record bandwidth of 135 GHz is achieved. We further demonstrate that this integrated detector can be used for direct photomixing at terahertz frequencies. A back-to-back communication link with a carrier frequency around 300 GHz is set up, and data rates up to 160 Gbit/s with low error vector magnitude (EVM) are shown, showcasing near-identical performance at zero bias.
Published: 2023

2. Optimized Sampling Strategies to Model the Performance of Virtualized Network Functions

Author: Piet Demeester, Steven Van Rossem, Wouter Tavernier, Mario Pickavet, Didier Colle, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Department of Information Technology(INTEC) - IBCN, and Van Rossem, Steven
Subjects: Technology and Engineering, Network Functions Virtualization, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Strategy and Management, Distributed computing, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO] Computer Science [cs], Sampling heuristic, Firewall (construction), [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], [INFO.INFO-PF] Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], Machine learning, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Computer communication networks, Network Function Virtualization, Resource (disambiguation), 020206 networking & telecommunications, Workload, [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Service provider, Regression, [INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], Hardware and Architecture, Performance profiling, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Information Systems
Abstract: accepted June 2020 in Journal of Network and Systems Management (JONS); International audience; Modern network services make increasing use of virtualized compute and network resources. This is enabled by the growing availability of softwarized network functions, which take on major roles in the total traffic flow (such as caching, routing or as firewall). To ensure reliable operation of its services, the service provider needs a good understanding of the performance of the deployed softwarized network functions. Ideally, the service performance should be predictable, given a certain input workload and a set of allocated (virtualized) resources (such as vCPUs and bandwidth). This helps to estimate more accurately how much resources are needed to operate the service within its performance specifications. To predict its performance, the function should be profiled in the whole range of possible input workloads and resource configurations. However, this input can span a large space of multiple parameters and many combinations to test, resulting in an expensive and overextended measurement period. To mitigate this, we present a profiling framework and a sampling heuristic to help select both workload and resource configurations to test. Additionally, we compare several machine-learning based methods for the best prediction accuracy, in combination with the sampling heuristic. As a result, we obtain a reduced dataset which can still model the performance of the network functions with adequate accuracy, while requiring less profiling time. Compared to uniform sampling, our tests show that the heuristic achieves the same modeling accuracy with up to five times less samples.
Published: 2020

3. All-Optical Reservoir Computing on a Photonic Chip Using Silicon-Based Ring Resonators

Author: Florian Denis-le Coarer, Matthias Freiberger, Peter Bienstman, Damien Rontani, Marc Sciamanna, Joni Dambre, Andrew Katumba, Chaire Photonique, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes (LMOPS), CentraleSupélec-Université de Lorraine (UL)-CentraleSupélec-Université de Lorraine (UL), CentraleSupélec-Université de Lorraine (UL), Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen]-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Fondation Supelec,Préfecture de Région Grand-EstMetz MétropoleDépartement de la Moselle, AIRBUS GDI Simulation, through the funding of the Chair in Photonics and PIANO project., BELSPO IAP P7-35 program Photonics@be AFOSR (grant No. FA-9550-15-1-0279 and FA9550-17-1-0072), European Project: 688579,H2020,H2020-ICT-2015,PHRESCO(2015), Laboratoire matériaux organiques à propriétés spécifiques ( LMOPS ), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Physico-chimie des Matériaux et des Interfaces ( LEPMI ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes ( LMOPS ), CentraleSupélec-Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -CentraleSupélec-Université de Lorraine ( UL ), CentraleSupélec-Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Department of Information Technology ( INTEC ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ) -Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Internet Technology and Data Science Lab ( IDLab ), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen]-Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), European Project : 688579,H2020,H2020-ICT-2015,PHRESCO ( 2015 ), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), and Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen]-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: Silicon, Nonlinear optics, Technology and Engineering, Bistability, SELF-PULSATION, Silicon photonics, Optical ring resonators, 02 engineering and technology, Topology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Resonator, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], law, BISTABILITY, SYSTEMS, 0103 physical sciences, [ SPI ] Engineering Sciences [physics], Resonators, [NLIN]Nonlinear Sciences [physics], Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ring resonators, Reservoir computing, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], [ PHYS ] Physics [physics], silicon photonics, business.industry, [ NLIN ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics], 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, ring resonators, Optical waveguides, Nonlinear system, Photonics, FILTER, Reservoirs, NONLINEAR MICRORING RESONATORS, HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: We present in our work numerical results on the performance of a $\mathbf {4 \times 4}$ swirl-topology photonic reservoir integrated on a silicon chip. Nonlinear microring resonators are used as nodes. We analyze the performance of such a reservoir on a classical nonlinear Boolean task (the delayed XOR task) for: various designs of the reservoir in terms of lengths of the waveguides between consecutive nodes, and various injection parameters (injected power and optical detuning). From this analysis, we find that this kind of reservoir can perform–for a large variety of parameters–the delayed XOR task at 20 Gb/s with bit error rates lower than $\mathbf {10^{-3}}$ and an averaged injection power lower than 2.5 mW.
Published: 2018
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4. F-Interop – Online Platform of Interoperability and Performance Tests for the Internet of Things

Author: Ziegler , Sebastien, Baron , Loïc, Vermeulen , Brecht, Fdida , Serge, Baron, Loïc, Martin Serrano, Nikolaos Isaris, Hans Schaffers, John Domingue, Michael Boniface, Thanasis Korakis, International Telecommunication Union [Geneva] ( ITU ), Networks and Performance Analysis ( NPA ), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6 ( LIP6 ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Information Technology ( INTEC ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Martin Serrano, Nikolaos Isaris, Hans Schaffers, John Domingue, Michael Boniface and Thanasis Korakis, International Telecommunication Union [Geneva] (ITU), Networks and Performance Analysis (NPA), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris 6 (LIP6), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-PL]Computer Science [cs]/Programming Languages [cs.PL], [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], [INFO.INFO-WB] Computer Science [cs]/Web, [INFO.INFO-NI] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], [ INFO.INFO-NI ] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], [INFO.INFO-WB]Computer Science [cs]/Web, [ INFO.INFO-WB ] Computer Science [cs]/Web, ACM: C.: Computer Systems Organization/C.2: COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS, ACM : C.: Computer Systems Organization/C.2: COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS, [INFO.INFO-PL] Computer Science [cs]/Programming Languages [cs.PL], [ INFO.INFO-CY ] Computer Science [cs]/Computers and Society [cs.CY], [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], [ INFO.INFO-DB ] Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], [INFO.INFO-CY] Computer Science [cs]/Computers and Society [cs.CY], [INFO.INFO-CY]Computer Science [cs]/Computers and Society [cs.CY], [ INFO.INFO-PL ] Computer Science [cs]/Programming Languages [cs.PL], ACM: D.: Software/D.2: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, ACM : D.: Software/D.2: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, [INFO.INFO-DB] Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

5. High-Bandwidth Photodiodes on Silicon Nitride Supporting Net Bitrates in Excess of 350 Gbit/s

Author: Maes, Dennis, Hu, Qian, Borkowski, Robert, Lefevre, Yannick, Roelkens, Gunther, Lemey, Sam, Peytavit, Emilien, Kuyken, Bart, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Photonics Research Group, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THZ - IEMN), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]
Abstract: International audience; Silicon-nitride-based integrated photonic platforms currently lack fast photodiodes, limiting its adoption for high-speed optical transceivers. We show uni-traveling-carrier (UTC) photodiodes heterogeneously integrated by means of micro-transfer-printing and demonstrate their excellent bandwidth performance at 1550 nm, achieving net bit rates in excess of 350 Gbit/s.
Published: 2022

6. UTC Photodiodes on Silicon Nitride Enabling 100 Gbit/s Terahertz Links at 300 GHz

Author: Maes, Dennis, Lemey, Sam, Roelkens, Gunther, Zaknoune, Mohammed, Avramovic, Vanessa, Okada, Etienne, Szriftgiser, P., Peytavit, Emilien, Ducournau, Guillaume, Kuyken, Bart, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Photonics Research Group, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université de Lille, Advanced NanOmeter DEvices - IEMN (ANODE - IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Plateforme de Caractérisation Multi-Physiques - IEMN (PCMP - IEMN), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THZ - IEMN), and PCMP CHOP
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]
Abstract: International audience; By means of micro-transfer-printing, we bring high-speed UTC photodiodes to a SiN-platform. These waveguide-coupled photodiodes show a responsivity of 0.3 A/W and a bandwidth of 155 GHz. We further demonstrate that direct photomixing at 300 GHz is possible and enables data rates up to 128 Gbit/s Th2E.3
Published: 2022

7. Semantic multimedia remote display for mobile thin clients

Author: Bojan Joveski, Francoise Preteux, Mihai Mitrea, P. Simoens, Bart Dhoedt, I. J. Marshall, Département Advanced Research And Techniques For Multidimensional Imaging Systems (ARTEMIS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP), Mathématiques Appliquées Paris 5 (MAP5 - UMR 8145), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National des Sciences Mathématiques et de leurs Interactions (INSMI)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of research, Proloque, École des Mines de Paris, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Département Advanced Research And Techniques For Multidimensional Imaging Systems ( ARTEMIS ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Télécom SudParis ( TSP ), Mathématiques Appliquées à Paris 5 ( MAP5 - UMR 8145 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National des Sciences Mathématiques et de leurs Interactions-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Information Technology ( INTEC ), and Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT )
Subjects: Technology and Engineering, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, LASeR), 02 engineering and technology, Semantics, computer.software_genre, Bottleneck, Computer graphics, 3RD-MILLENNIUM, RDP, Interactivity, STANDARD, MPEG-4, Semantic multimedia remote display, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Media Technology, Bandwidth (computing), Scene graph, VNC-HEXTILE, [ INFO.INFO-MM ] Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], X Window System, Multimedia, business.industry, [INFO.INFO-MM]Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], 020206 networking & telecommunications, 020207 software engineering, MPEG-4 multimedia scene (BiFS, Mobile thin client, computer.file_format, Hardware and Architecture, IBCN, business, computer, Software, Interactive media, VIDEO, Information Systems, Computer network
Abstract: International audience; Current remote display technologies for mobile thin clients convert practically all types of graphical content into sequences of images rendered by the client. Consequently, important information concerning the content semantics is lost. The present paper goes beyond this bottleneck by developing a semantic multimedia remote display. The principle consists of representing the graphical content as a real-time interactive multimedia scene graph. The underlying architecture features novel components for scene-graph creation and management, as well as for user interactivity handling. The experimental setup considers the Linux X windows system and BiFS/LASeR multimedia scene technologies on the server and client sides, respectively. The implemented solution was benchmarked against currently deployed solutions (VNC and Microsoft-RDP), by considering text editing and WWW browsing applications. The quantitative assessments demonstrate: (1) visual quality expressed by seven objective metrics, e.g., PSNR values between 30 and 42 dB or SSIM values larger than 0.9999; (2) downlink bandwidth gain factors ranging from 2 to 60; (3) real-time user event management expressed by network round-trip time reduction by factors of 4-6 and by uplink bandwidth gain factors from 3 to 10; (4) feasible CPU activity, larger than in the RDP case but reduced by a factor of 1.5 with respect to the VNC-HEXTILE.
Published: 2013

8. Contribution of Tore Supra in preparation of ITER

Author: B. Saoutic, J. Abiteboul, L. Allegretti, S. Allfrey, J.M. Ané, T. Aniel, A. Argouarch, J.F. Artaud, M.H. Aumenier, S. Balme, V. Basiuk, O. Baulaigue, P. Bayetti, A. Bécoulet, M. Bécoulet, M.S. Benkadda, F. Benoit, G. Berger-by, J.M. Bernard, B. Bertrand, P. Beyer, A. Bigand, J. Blum, D. Boilson, G. Bonhomme, H. Bottollier-Curtet, C. Bouchand, F. Bouquey, C. Bourdelle, S. Bourmaud, C. Brault, S. Brémond, C. Brosset, J. Bucalossi, Y. Buravand, P. Cara, V. Catherine-Dumont, A. Casati, M. Chantant, M. Chatelier, G. Chevet, D. Ciazynski, G. Ciraolo, F. Clairet, M. Coatanea-Gouachet, L. Colas, L. Commin, E. Corbel, Y. Corre, X. Courtois, R. Dachicourt, M. Dapena Febrer, M. Davi Joanny, R. Daviot, H. De Esch, J. Decker, P. Decool, P. Delaporte, E. Delchambre, E. Delmas, L. Delpech, C. Desgranges, P. Devynck, T. Dittmar, L. Doceul, D. Douai, H. Dougnac, J.L. Duchateau, B. Dugué, N. Dumas, R. Dumont, A. Durocher, F.X. Duthoit, A. Ekedahl, D. Elbeze, M. El Khaldi, F. Escourbiac, F. Faisse, G. Falchetto, M. Farge, J.L. Farjon, M. Faury, N. Fedorczak, C. Fenzi-Bonizec, M. Firdaouss, Y. Frauel, X. Garbet, J. Garcia, J.L. Gardarein, L. Gargiulo, P. Garibaldi, E. Gauthier, O. Gaye, A. Géraud, M. Geynet, P. Ghendrih, I. Giacalone, S. Gibert, C. Gil, G. Giruzzi, M. Goniche, V. Grandgirard, C. Grisolia, G. Gros, A. Grosman, R. Guigon, D. Guilhem, B. Guillerminet, R. Guirlet, J. Gunn, O. Gurcan, S. Hacquin, J.C. Hatchressian, P. Hennequin, C. Hernandez, P. Hertout, S. Heuraux, J. Hillairet, G.T. Hoang, C. Honore, M. Houry, T. Hutter, P. Huynh, G. Huysmans, F. Imbeaux, E. Joffrin, J. Johner, L. Jourd'Heuil, Y.S. Katharria, D. Keller, S.H. Kim, M. Kocan, M. Kubic, B. Lacroix, V. Lamaison, G. Latu, Y. Lausenaz, C. Laviron, F. Leroux, L. Letellier, M. Lipa, X. Litaudon, T. Loarer, P. Lotte, S. Madeleine, P. Magaud, P. Maget, R. Magne, L. Manenc, Y. Marandet, G. Marbach, J.L. Maréchal, L. Marfisi, C. Martin, G. Martin, V. Martin, A. Martinez, J.P. Martins, R. Masset, D. Mazon, N. Mellet, L. Mercadier, A. Merle, D. Meshcheriakov, O. Meyer, L. Million, M. Missirlian, P. Mollard, V. Moncada, P. Monier-Garbet, D. Moreau, P. Moreau, L. Morini, M. Nannini, M. Naiim Habib, E. Nardon, H. Nehme, C. Nguyen, S. Nicollet, R. Nouilletas, T. Ohsako, M. Ottaviani, S. Pamela, H. Parrat, P. Pastor, A.L. Pecquet, B. Pégourié, Y. Peysson, I. Porchy, C. Portafaix, M. Preynas, M. Prou, J.M. Raharijaona, N. Ravenel, C. Reux, P. Reynaud, M. Richou, H. Roche, P. Roubin, R. Sabot, F. Saint-Laurent, S. Salasca, F. Samaille, A. Santagiustina, Y. Sarazin, A. Semerok, J. Schlosser, M. Schneider, M. Schubert, F. Schwander, J.L. Ségui, G. Selig, P. Sharma, J. Signoret, A. Simonin, S. Song, E. Sonnendruker, F. Sourbier, P. Spuig, P. Tamain, M. Tena, J.M. Theis, D. Thouvenin, A. Torre, J.M. Travère, E. Tsitrone, J.C. Vallet, E. Van Der Plas, A. Vatry, J.M. Verger, L. Vermare, F. Villecroze, D. Villegas, R. Volpe, K. Vulliez, J. Wagrez, T. Wauters, L. Zani, D. Zarzoso, X.L. Zou, Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dept. Accelerateurs - XFEL, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut universitaire des systèmes thermiques industriels (IUSTI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Matériaux et Mécanique des Composants (EDF R&D MMC), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Association EURATOM-CEA (CEA/DSM/DRFC), Département de Recherche sur la Fusion Contrôlée (DRFC), Laboratoire d'Interaction Laser Matière (LILM), Département de Physico-Chimie (DPC), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, School of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Division, ITER organization (ITER), CEA Cadarache, Centre de Thermique de Lyon (CETHIL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEA ISIS, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques de la Ville - FR 2488 (IRSTV), Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-EC. ARCHIT. NANTES-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eau et Environnement (IFSTTAR/GERS/EE), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre of Molecular and Structural Biomedicine (CBME)/Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering (IBB), University of Algarve [Portugal], Laboratoire Lasers, Plasmas et Procédés photoniques (LP3), Centre d'Histoire 'Espaces et Cultures' (CHEC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers (CRCNA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Laennec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Faculté de Médecine d'Angers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre d'investigation clinique en cancérologie (CI2C), IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire d'Etude des Matériaux en Milieux Agressifs (LEMMA), Université de La Rochelle (ULR), CMCR des Massues, Croix rouge française, Laboratoire Procédés et Ingénierie en Mécanique et Matériaux (PIMM), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réserve Naturelle Nationale Baie St-Brieuc, Réserves Naturelles de France-Réserves Naturelles de France, Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction des Jardins botaniques et zoologiques, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente e per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile (DIASS), Dipartimento Ingn Ambiente & Sviluppo Soste, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Equipe Dynamique des Systemes Complexes, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Laboratoire de physique des milieux ionisés et applications (LPMIA), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Service de Chimie Physique (SCP), Laboratoire des Adaptations Physiologiques aux Activités Physiques (LAPHAP), Université de Poitiers, Institut d'Electronique du Solide et des Systèmes ( InESS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique ( IRFM ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés ( SIMaP ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) ( LMD ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies ( FEMTO-ST ), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard ( UTBM ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques ( ENSMM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut universitaire des systèmes thermiques industriels ( IUSTI ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), EDF - R&D Department MMC and MAI, EDF R&D ( EDF R&D ), EDF ( EDF ) -EDF ( EDF ), Association EURATOM-CEA ( CEA/DSM/DRFC ), Département de Recherche sur la Fusion Contrôlée ( DRFC ), Laboratoire d'Interaction Laser Matière ( LILM ), Département de Physico-Chimie ( DPC ), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas ( LPP ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Observatoire de Paris-École polytechnique ( X ) -Sorbonne Universités-PSL Research University ( PSL ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Jean Lamour ( IJL ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) ( DPHN ), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, ITER [St. Paul-lez-Durance], ITER, Centre de Thermique de Lyon ( CETHIL ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information ( CEA-LETI ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Grenoble Alpes [Saint Martin d'Hères], Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand ( ICCF ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Sigma CLERMONT ( Sigma CLERMONT ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques de la Ville ( IRSTV ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -École Centrale de Nantes ( ECN ) -Université de La Rochelle ( ULR ) -EC. ARCHIT. NANTES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Eau et Environnement ( IFSTTAR/GERS/EE ), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ) -PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans ( UNAM ), Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires ( PIIM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies ( LIST ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Lasers, Plasmas et Procédés photoniques ( LP3 ), Centre d'Histoire 'Espaces et Cultures' ( CHEC ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ), École des hautes études en sciences sociales ( EHESS ), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie / Nantes - Angers ( CRCNA ), CHU Angers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ) -Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Hôpital Laennec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Faculté de Médecine d'Angers, Centre d'investigation clinique en cancérologie ( CI2C ), IFP Energies nouvelles ( IFPEN ), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] ( MATEIS ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution ( ESE ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Etude des Matériaux en Milieux Agressifs ( LEMMA ), Université de La Rochelle ( ULR ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Croix-rouge française, Procédés et Ingénierie en Mécanique et Matériaux [Paris] ( PIMM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ), Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique - Laboratoire d'Hyperfréquences et Caractérisation ( IMEP-LAHC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres ( M2P2 ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Géoazur ( GEOAZUR ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Réserve de la Haute Touche, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ), Department of Information Technology ( INTEC ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente e per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile ( DIASS ), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier ( ICGM ICMMM ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier ( ENSCM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physique des milieux ionisés et applications ( LPMIA ), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 ( UHP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon ( CRCL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ), Catalyse par les métaux, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers ( IC2MP ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service de Chimie Physique ( SCP ), Laboratoire des Adaptations Physiologiques aux Activités Physiques ( LAPHAP ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-EC. ARCHIT. NANTES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Nuclear and High Energy Physics, [ PHYS ] Physics [physics], Plasma parameters, Ripple, Plasma, Tore Supra, Collisionality, Condensed Matter Physics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Computational physics, symbols.namesake, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Langmuir probe, Electron temperature, 010306 general physics, Power density
Abstract: International audience; Tore Supra routinely addresses the physics and technology of very long-duration plasma discharges, thus bringing precious information on critical issues of long pulse operation of ITER. A new ITER relevant lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) launcher has allowed coupling to the plasma a power level of 2.7 MW for 78 s, corresponding to a power density close to the design value foreseen for an ITER LHCD system. In accordance with the expectations, long distance (10 cm) power coupling has been obtained. Successive stationary states of the plasma current pro le have been controlled in real-time featuring (i) control of sawteeth with varying plasma parameters, (ii) obtaining and sustaining a `hot core' plasma regime, (iii) recovery from a voluntarily triggered deleterious magnetohydrodynamic regime. The scrape-off layer (SOL) parameters and power deposition have been documented during L-mode ramp-up phase, a crucial point for ITER before the X-point formation. Disruption mitigation studies have been conducted with massive gas injection, evidencing the difference between He and Ar and the possible role of the q = 2 surface in limiting the gas penetration. ICRF assisted wall conditioning in the presence of magnetic eld has been investigated, culminating in the demonstration that this conditioning scheme allows one to recover normal operation after disruptions. The effect of the magnetic eld ripple on the intrinsic plasma rotation has been studied, showing the competition between turbulent transport processes and ripple toroidal friction. During dedicated dimensionless experiments, the effect of varying the collisionality on turbulence wavenumber spectra has been documented, giving new insight into the turbulence mechanism. Turbulence measurements have also allowed quantitatively comparing experimental results with predictions by 5D gyrokinetic codes: numerical results simultaneously match the magnitude of effective heat diffusivity, rms values of density uctuations and wavenumber spectra. A clear correlation between electron temperature gradient and impurity transport in the very core of the plasma has been observed, strongly suggesting the existence of a threshold above which transport is dominated by turbulent electron modes. Dynamics of edge turbulent uctuations has been studied by correlating data from fast imaging cameras and Langmuir probes, yielding a coherent picture of transport processes involved in the SOL.
Published: 2011

9. Functional Analyses of Two Novel LRRK2 Pathogenic Variants in Familial Parkinson ' s Disease

Author: I Coku, E Mutez, S Eddarkaoui, S Carrier, A Marchand, C Deldycke, L Goveas, G Baille, M Tir, R Magnez, X Thuru, G Vermeersch, W Vandenberghe, L Buée, L Defebvre, B Sablonnière, MC Chartier-Harlin, JM Taymans, V Huin, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Lille, Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies - UR UPJV 4559 (LNFP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies - UMR 9020 - U 1277 (CANTHER), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Equipe Alzheimer and Tauopathies - LilNCog (U1172 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Département de neurologie [Lille], Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), NS-Park/FCRIN Network, UMS 015, Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DESSAIVRE, Louise, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), ANR-16-CE16-0012,MeTDePaDi,Défauts de Traffic Membranaire dans la Maladie de Parkinson(2016), ANR-20-CE16-0008,Synapark,Evaluation de l'implication de la fonction transcriptionnelle de la parkine dans le contrôle de l'alpha-synucléïne in vitro, in vivo et dans le sang de patients atteints de la Maladie de Parkinson(2020), and ANR-21-CE16-0003,PARK-PEP,PARK-PEP: Ciblage de la phosphorylation de LRRK2 par peptides interférents en modèles experimentaux de la maladie de Parkinson(2021)
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, MUTATIONS, kinase, Parkinson's disease, PROTEIN, LRRK2, Parkinson Disease, ASSOCIATION, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2, nervous system diseases, HEK293 Cells, Neurology, BINDING, Mutation, Medicine and Health Sciences, Humans, genetics, Neurology (clinical), [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: BackgroundPathogenic variants in the LRRK2 gene are a common monogenic cause of Parkinson’s disease. However, only seven variants have been confirmed to be pathogenic.ObjectivesWe identified two novel LRRK2 variants (H230R and A1440P) and performed functional testing.MethodsWe transiently expressed wildtype, the two new variants, or two known pathogenic mutants (G2019S and R1441G), in HEK-293T cells, with or without LRRK2 kinase inhibitor treatment. We characterized the phosphorylation and kinase activity of the mutants by western blotting. Thermal shift assays were performed to determine the folding and stability of the LRRK2 proteins.ResultsThe two variants were found in two large families and segregate with the disease. They display altered LRRK2 phosphorylation and kinase activity.ConclusionsWe identified two novel LRRK2 variants which segregate with the disease. The results of functional testing lead us to propose these two variants as novel causative mutations for familial Parkinson’s disease.
Published: 2022

10. Conduct of a personal radiofrequency electromagnetic field measurement study: proposed study protocol

Author: Elisabeth Cardis, Martine Vrijheid, Simon Mann, Roger C Parslow, Katja Radon, Evelyn Mohler, Peter Gajsek, John Bolte, Martin Röösli, Joachim Schüz, Wout Joseph, Luc Martens, Gyoergy Thuroczy, Sabine Heinrich, Patrizia Frei, Aslak Harbo Poulsen, Georg Neubauer, Jean-François Viel, Maria Feychting, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], Laboratory for Radiation Research, Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Safety & Security Department, Austrian Institute of Technology [Vienna] (AIT), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Institute of Environmental Health, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institute of Non-ionizing Radiation, Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Hospital of The Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Health Protection Agency, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Cancer Epidemiology Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Department of Non-ionizing Radiation, National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Austrian Institute of Technology [Vienna] ( AIT ), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology ( CREAL ), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona]-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Department of Information Technology ( INTEC ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques ( INERIS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )
Subjects: Research design, Radio Waves, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Data management, Statistics as Topic, MESH : Statistics as Topic, MESH: Radiation, MESH: Radio Waves, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Medical Records, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Unit of observation, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine, education.field_of_study, Radiation, MESH : Radiation, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, MESH: Research Design, MESH : Questionnaires, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Environmental exposure, MESH : Research Design, Knowledge base, Research Design, lcsh:Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene, MESH: Medical Records, animal structures, MESH: Environmental Exposure, Population, lcsh:RC963-969, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, MESH : Medical Records, Humans, MESH: Patient Selection, MESH: Geographic Information Systems, education, MESH: Statistics as Topic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, MESH : Geographic Information Systems, Protocol (science), MESH: Humans, Data collection, business.industry, Patient Selection, MESH: Questionnaires, MESH : Humans, Methodology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, lcsh:RA1-1270, Environmental Exposure, MESH : Patient Selection, Data science, MESH : Radio Waves, Geographic Information Systems, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH : Environmental Exposure
Abstract: Background The development of new wireless communication technologies that emit radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) is ongoing, but little is known about the RF-EMF exposure distribution in the general population. Previous attempts to measure personal exposure to RF-EMF have used different measurement protocols and analysis methods making comparisons between exposure situations across different study populations very difficult. As a result, observed differences in exposure levels between study populations may not reflect real exposure differences but may be in part, or wholly due to methodological differences. Methods The aim of this paper is to develop a study protocol for future personal RF-EMF exposure studies based on experience drawn from previous research. Using the current knowledge base, we propose procedures for the measurement of personal exposure to RF-EMF, data collection, data management and analysis, and methods for the selection and instruction of study participants. Results We have identified two basic types of personal RF-EMF measurement studies: population surveys and microenvironmental measurements. In the case of a population survey, the unit of observation is the individual and a randomly selected representative sample of the population is needed to obtain reliable results. For microenvironmental measurements, study participants are selected in order to represent typical behaviours in different microenvironments. These two study types require different methods and procedures. Conclusion Applying our proposed common core procedures in future personal measurement studies will allow direct comparisons of personal RF-EMF exposures in different populations and study areas.
Published: 2010

11. High-speed photodiodes on silicon nitride with a bandwidth beyond 100 GHz

Author: Dennis Maes, Luis Reis, Stijn Poelman, Ewoud Vissers, Vanessa Avramovic, Mohammed Zaknoune, Gunther Roelkens, Sam Lemey, Emilien Peytavit, Bart Kuyken, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Plateforme de Caractérisation Multi-Physiques - IEMN (PCMP - IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Advanced NanOmeter DEvices - IEMN (ANODE - IEMN), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THZ - IEMN), Photonics Research Group, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), OSA, Renatech Network, PCMP CHOP, and CMNF
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Technology and Engineering
Abstract: Session Photodetection (SM3K); International audience; Next-generation telecommunication systems will rely on photonic integrated circuits. However, Silicon Nitride (SiN) photonic platforms do not natively provide high-speed photodiodes. We integrated a waveguide-coupled UTC photodiode on a SiN platform using the scalable micro-transfer-printing technology. These diodes show a responsivity up to 0 . 45 A/W, a dark current below 10 nA and a 3 dB-bandwidth beyond 100 GHz, even at zero-bias. As such, high-performance photodetectors are available on silicon-nitride photonic platforms.
Published: 2022

12. Heterogeneous integration of KY(WO4)2-on-glass

Author: Carlijn I. van Emmerik, Roy Kooijman, Gunther Roelkens, Jean-Emmanuel Broquin, Sonia M. García-Blanco, Muhammad Muneeb, Frans B. Segerink, Meindert Dijkstra, Elise Ghibaudo, Raimond N. Frentrop, Optical Sciences, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Institute for Nanotechnology (MESA+), University of Twente [Netherlands], Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique - Laboratoire d'Hyperfréquences et Caractérisation (IMEP-LAHC ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Optical Sciences
Subjects: Technology and Engineering, POWER, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Thermal expansion, 010309 optics, Crystal, WAFERS, 0103 physical sciences, LU, Wafer, WAVE-GUIDE LASER, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, DOUBLE TUNGSTATES, business.industry, High-refractive-index polymer, Doping, Single-mode optical fiber, WRITTEN, Yttrium, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Chemistry, chemistry, SLOPE EFFICIENCY, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Refractive index, heterogeneous integration
Abstract: Rare-earth ion doped potassium yttrium double tungstate, RE: KY(WO4)(2), is a promising candidate for small, power-efficient, on-chip lasers and amplifiers. There are two major bottlenecks that complicate the realization of such devices. Firstly, the anisotropic thermal expansion coefficient of KY(WO4)(2) makes it challenging to integrate the crystal on glass substrates. Secondly, the crystal layer has to be, for example, < 1 mu m to obtain single mode, high refractive index contrast waveguides operating at 1550 nm. In this work, different adhesives and bonding techniques in combination with several types of glass substrates are investigated. An optimal bonding process will enable further processing towards the manufacturing of integrated active optical KY(WO4)(2) devices. (C) 2019 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
Published: 2019

13. Heterogeneous integration of uni-travelling-carrier photodiodes using micro-transfer-printing on a silicon-nitride platform

Author: Sam Lemey, Camiel Op de Beeck, Dennis Maes, Muhammad Muneeb, Gunther Roelkens, Bart Kuyken, Emilien Peytavit, Maximilien Billet, Mohammed Zaknoune, Stijn Poelman, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THZ - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), and Renatech Network
Subjects: Materials science, Technology and Engineering, business.industry, Optical power, 7. Clean energy, Waveguide (optics), Photodiode, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Responsivity, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Silicon nitride, chemistry, law, Transfer printing, Optoelectronics, Quantum efficiency, Photonics, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: High-speed photodiodes often compromise responsivity in exchange for a reduced footprint. However, using waveguide photodiodes circumvents this limitation [1] . We combine uni-travelling-carrier photodiodes (UTC PDs) on a silicon nitride (SiN) photonic platform to achieve both high responsivity and high speed detectors. The SiN-platform has excellent properties such as low-loss waveguides and does not suffer from two-foton absorption at high optical power. A high responsivity is obtained through evanescent coupling of waveguide UTC photodiodes to SiN waveguides while still maintaining a small footprint.
Published: 2021

14. Application of Fundamental In-Body Radiation Limitations to Practical Design of Antennas for Implantable Bioelectronics

Author: Luc Martens, Ronan Sauleau, Denys Nikolayev, Wout Joseph, Maxim Zhadobov, Anja K. Skrivervik, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: Permittivity, biomedical applications, Technology and Engineering, implantable, PATH LOSS, Acoustics, 0206 medical engineering, Conformal antenna, conformal antenna, 02 engineering and technology, Imaging phantom, Microstrip antenna, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, WIRELESS, Physics, Bioelectronics, path loss, microstrip antennas, Antenna aperture, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 020601 biomedical engineering, Antenna efficiency, wireless, Antenna (radio), in-body, ingestible
Abstract: International audience; Fundamental in-body limitations on achievable radiation efficiency could provide decision-making assistance to engineers working on antennas for implantable bioelectronics. In this study, proof-of-concept conformal microstrip antennas are proposed based on these theoretical foundations. In particular, maximizing the effective aperture and loading the antenna with materials having the permittivity higher than that of surrounding tissues is a promising solution for increasing the radiation efficiency. The operating frequencies are tuned to operate within the optimal range for deep-body implantation: 434, 868, and 1400 MHz. The achieved radiation efficiencies at these frequencies are 0.4%, 2.2%, and 1.2%, respectively, when simulated in a f 100 - mm spherical phantom with muscle-equivalent electromagnetic properties. The radiation performance at each frequency is compared to the fundamental limitations and closely approach them. Prototypes are characterized for the experimental validation. © 2020 IEEE.
Published: 2020

15. Massive radio channel sounder architecture for 5G mobility scenarios : MaMIMOSA

Author: Martine Lienard, Luc Martens, Eric Pierre Simon, Günter Vermeeren, Frederic Challita, Wout Joseph, Gauthier Delbarre, Pierre Laly, Emmeric Tanghe, M. Van den Bossche, Davy P. Gaillot, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Télécommunication, Interférences et Compatibilité Electromagnétique (IEMN-TELICE), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Plateforme de Caractérisation Multi-Physiques - IEMN (PCMP - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), OS4 SMARTIES research program by the ELSAT2020 project - European Union, European Regional Development FundEuropean Commission, French state, Hauts-de-France Region Council, PCMP C2EM, Télécommunication, Interférences et Compatibilité Electromagnétique - IEMN (TELICE - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: Technology and Engineering, Computer science, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, MIMO, Bandwidth (signal processing), Electrical engineering, Binary number, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Software-defined radio, 7. Clean energy, Multiplexing, Antenna array, Massive MIMO channel sounding, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], propagation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, V2X, Wireless, measurements, business, WIRELESS, 5G
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents a real-time 64 x 16 massive MIMO channel sounder based on space-frequency division multiplexing and antenna subarray switching, giving a large possibility of antenna allocation and frequency tone between 2 and 12 GHz. This channel sounder called Massive MIMOSA or MaMIMOSA belongs to the new generation of software radio design based systems. The architecture of the proposed approach was designed with the highest flexibility thus opening a wide range of applications depending upon the investigated scenarios. Currently, the system is being setup using a massive 10 x 10 antenna array operating around 6 GHz with 80 MHz bandwidth for SG V2X applications. The channel sounder can be powered with vehicle batteries to perform day long measurements when electrical outlets are not available. The output file gives the measured Massive MIMO matrix in a friendly compact binary format. It will be operational in early 2020.
Published: 2020

16. Editorial- Photonics for computing and computing for photonics

Author: BRUNNER, Daniel, Marandi, Alireza, Bogaerts, Wim, Ozcan, Aydogan, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institut of Technology (California Institut of Technology), Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
Abstract: International audience; The liaison between photonics and computing is a pillar of modern optics and subject of cutting-edge research for morethan half a century. As in many scientific disciplines, high-performance computational methods have become essentialfor describing, designing, interpreting and ultimately predicting an optical system’s behaviour, and today the wideavailability of high-performance photonic components is testimony of how computing has boosted the field of photonics.At the same time, photonic architectures offer fascinating possibilities for carrying out computations scaling beyondcomputing.
Published: 2020

17. VNF performance modelling : from stand-alone to chained topologies

Author: Piet Demeester, Mario Pickavet, Steven Van Rossem, Didier Colle, Wouter Tavernier, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Internet Technology and Data Science Lab (IDLab), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen]-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), and Department of Information Technology (INTEC)
Subjects: Service (systems architecture), Technology and Engineering, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Distributed computing, Cloud computing, 02 engineering and technology, Network topology, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], NFV, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Network function chain deployment, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Orchestration (computing), NETWORK FUNCTIONS, Virtual network, Network Function Virtualization (NFV), DevOps, business.industry, NFV Performance Profiling, Network function virtualization (NFV), 020206 networking & telecommunications, Service provider, NFV Performance, [INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], Workflow, Software deployment, Network service, Resource allocation, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, profiling, business
Abstract: International audience; One of the main incentives for deploying network functions on a virtualized or cloud-based infrastructure, is the ability for on-demand orchestration and elastic resource scaling following the workload demand. This can also be combined with a multi-party service creation cycle: the service provider sources various network functions from different vendors or developers, and combines them into a modular network service. This way, multiple virtual network functions (VNFs) are connected into more complex topologies called service chains. Deployment speed is important here, and it is therefore beneficial if the service provider can limit extra validation testing of the combined service chain, and rely on the provided profiling results of the supplied single VNFs. Our research shows that it is however not always evident to accurately predict the performance of a total service chain, from the isolated benchmark or profiling tests of its discrete network functions. To mitigate this, we propose a two-step deployment workflow: First, a general trend estimation for the chain performance is derived from the stand-alone VNF profiling results, together with an initial resource allocation. This information then optimizes the second phase, where online monitored data of the service chain is used to quickly adjust the estimated performance model where needed. Our tests show that this can lead to a more efficient VNF chain deployment, needing less scaling iterations to meet the chain performance specification, while avoiding the need for a complete proactive and time-consuming VNF chain validation.
Published: 2020

18. The future of urban sound environments: Impacting mobility trends and insights for noise assessment and mitigation

Author: Claudio Guarnaccia, Arnaud Can, Margarida C. Coelho, Jian Kang, Pierre Aumond, Dick Botteldooren, Alain l'Hostis, Unité Mixte de Recherche en Acoustique Environnementale (UMRAE ), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement (Cerema)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Laboratoire Ville, Mobilité, Transport (LVMT), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Laboratório de Automação e Robótica [Aveiro] (LAR), Universidade de Aveiro, University of Salerno (UNISA), and University College of London [London] (UCL)
Subjects: Soundscape, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, MOBILITY TRENDS, media_common.quotation_subject, VILLE, DEPLACEMENT URBAIN, ZONE URBAINE, PROPAGATION, 01 natural sciences, INTERDISCIPLINARY DISCUSSION, 0103 physical sciences, 11. Sustainability, Noise control, NOISE MITIGATION, Quality (business), 010301 acoustics, Environmental planning, Sound (geography), media_common, 010302 applied physics, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], geography, Future of urban sound environments, Interdisciplinary discussion, Mobility trends, Noise mitigation, geography.geographical_feature_category, Traffic noise, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, FUTURE OF URBAN SOUND ENVIRONMENTS, Work (electrical), 13. Climate action, Obstacle, BRUIT EXTERIEUR, Business, AMBIANCE SONORE, Externality
Abstract: The degradation of the sound environment contributes significantly to the external costs of mobility and is an obstacle to the development of cities. Action plans aiming at fighting traffic noise often take a long time to reach mature implementation. Therefore, it is advantageous to envisage how societal and urban changes and associated changes in mobility practices will modify the urban sound environment of tomorrow. In this article, an interdisciplinary team of seven researchers, whose work focuses on different fields of acoustics and mobility, reviews the potential impact of ongoing mobility and society changes on sound environments. First, the team identified the trends dealing with urban renewal, societal changes and new mobility drivers that have the greatest influence on sound environments, and analyzed in detail. From this analysis, insights emerged for urban noise impact and innovative noise mitigation solutions in the light of improved assessment of the links between mobility and urban sound environments.
Published: 2020

19. An efficient hybrid MLFMA-FFT solver for the volume integral equation in case of sparse 3D inhomogeneous dielectric scatterers

Author: Franchois, A [Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Gent (Belgium)]
Published: 2008
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20. A faster aggregation for 3D fast evanescent wave solvers using rotations

Author: Olyslager, Femke [Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Ghent (Belgium)]
Published: 2007
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21. Setting Carriers Free: Healing Faulty Interfaces Promotes Delocalization and Transport in Nanocrystal Solids

Author: Andrej Singer, Athmane Tadjine, Patrick Peiwen Ding, Jacob Ruff, Zeger Hens, Christophe Detavernier, Gunther Roelkens, Nayyera Mahmoud, Willem Walravens, Christophe Delerue, Jolien Dendooven, O. Gorobtsov, Eduardo Solano, Filip Geenen, Univ Ghent, COCOON, Dept Solid State Sci, Krijgslaan 281-S1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN) - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN), Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universiteit Gent [Ghent], Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), ALBA Synchrotron light source [Barcelone], Department of Solid State Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University Ithaca, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Physique - IEMN (PHYSIQUE - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Cornell University [New York], ACKNOWLEDGMENTSZ.H. acknowledges support by the European Comission via theMarie-Sklodowska Curie action Phonsi (H2020-MSCA-ITN-642656), the Marie-Sklodowska Curie action Compass(H2020-MSCA-ITN-2015-691198), and IWT-Vlaanderen(SBO-MIRIS). C.D. and Z.H. acknowledge funding by BOF-UGent GOA nos. 01G01513 and 01G01019. C.D. acknowledges support by the European Comission via the Marie-Sklodowska Curie action HYCOAT. The Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) is recognized forfinancing beam time at the DUBBLE beamline of the ESRFand the associated travel costs. For research conducted at theCornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), J.P.C.R.acknowledges support from the National Science Foundationunder award DMR-1332208. P.D. was supported through theEngineering Learning Initiatives Undergraduate ResearchGrants Program in the College of Engineering at CornellUniversity with funds from the Semiconductor ResearchCorporation (SRC) Education Alliance with support fromthe Intel Foundation. The authors thank Katrien Haustraeteand Funda Alic for TGA/DTA measurements., European Project: 642656,H2020,H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014,Phonsi(2015), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), and Physique-IEMN (PHYSIQUE-IEMN)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Annealing (metallurgy), Superlattice, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Activation energy, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Epitaxy, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Nanocrystal, Chemical physics, General Materials Science, Grain boundary, Charge carrier, Self-assembly, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Superlattices of epitaxially connected nanocrystals (NCs) are model systems to study electronic and optical properties of NC arrays. Using elemental analysis and structural analysis by in situ X-ray fluorescence and grazing-incidence small-angle scattering, respectively, we show that epitaxial superlattices of PbSe NCs keep their structural integrity up to temperatures of 300 °C; an ideal starting point to assess the effect of gentle thermal annealing on the superlattice properties. We find that annealing such superlattices between 75 and 150 °C induces a marked red shift of the NC band-edge transition. In fact, the post-annealing band-edge reflects theoretical predictions on the impact of charge carrier delocalization in these epitaxial superlattices. In addition, we observe a pronounced enhancement of the charge carrier mobility and a reduction of the hopping activation energy after mild annealing. While the superstructure remains intact at these temperatures, structural defect studies through X-ray diffraction indicate that annealing markedly decreases the density of point defects and edge dislocations. This indicates that the connections between NCs in as-synthesized superlattices still form a major source of grain boundaries and defects, which prevent carrier delocalization over multiple NCs and hamper NC-to-NC transport. Overcoming the limitations imposed by interfacial defects is therefore an essential next step in the development of high-quality optoelectronic devices based on NC solids.
Published: 2019

22. A Suspended Silicon Terahertz platform with low loss waveguide and high Q Photonic Crystal cavities

Author: Benjamin Walter, Marc Faucher, Jean-Francois Lampin, Guillaume Ducournau, Elias Akiki, Mathias Vanwolleghem, E. Mairiaux, Bart Kuyken, Mattias Verstuyft, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN) - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Ecole Centrale de Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire International associé sur les phénomènes Critiques et Supercritiques en électronique fonctionnelle, acoustique et fluidique (LIA LICS/LEMAC), Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQ THz - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Vmicro SAS (Vmicro), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THz - IEMN), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Nano and Microsystems - IEMN (NAM6 - IEMN), and NONE FOUND.
Subjects: Silicon, Materials science, Loss measurement, Optical resonators, Terahertz radiation, Physics::Medical Physics, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Waveguide (optics), law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Etching (microfabrication), law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Cavity resonators, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Photonic crystal, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Optical waveguides, Etching, chemistry, Optical cavity, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Optical losses, business
Abstract: International audience; A high Q optical resonator and ultra-low losses of a silicon suspended waveguide, are experimentally measured and presented, in order to demonstrate the working of a designed photoacoustic terahertz gas sensor presented in our previous work.
Published: 2019

23. An Integrated Photoacoustic Terahertz Gas Sensor

Author: Mattias Verstuyft, Benjamin Walter, Bart Kuyken, Mathias Vanwolleghem, Elias Akiki, Marc Faucher, Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Vmicro SAS (Vmicro), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQ THz - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN) - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Ecole Centrale de Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire International associé sur les phénomènes Critiques et Supercritiques en électronique fonctionnelle, acoustique et fluidique (LIA LICS/LEMAC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THz - IEMN), Nano and Microsystems - IEMN (NAM6 - IEMN), and NONE FOUND.
Subjects: Time delay and integration, Silicon, Materials science, Technology and Engineering, Terahertz radiation, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Damping, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], law, 0103 physical sciences, Gas detector, Cavity resonators, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, Q-factor, Acoustics, Heating systems, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Trace gas, Amplitude, chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, Q factor, Optical cavity, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; An on-chip gas detector that transduces absorbed terahertz light to a mechanical motion using photoacoustics is proposed. The silicon chip confines light in an optical cavity, wherein an acousto-mechanical cavity is housed. The concentration of a trace gas can be determined from the amplitude of a membrane's motion. The simulations presented predict a minimum detectable limit of 1 ppm of methanol for 1 mW of terahertz power and an integration time of 25 ms.
Published: 2019

24. Terahertz photoacoustic gas sensor

Author: Akiki, Elias, Verstuyft, Mattias, Ducournau, Guillaume, Mairiaux, Estelle, Walter, Benjamin, Faucher, Marc, Lampin, Jean-Francois, Vanwolleghem, Mathias, Kuyken, Bart, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQ THz - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Vmicro SAS (Vmicro), Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), FEDER Interreg V FR-WA-VL TERAFOOD 1.1.12, interreg V FR-WA-VL TERAFOOD 1.1.12, Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THz - IEMN), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Advanced NanOmeter DEvices - IEMN (ANODE - IEMN), and Nano and Microsystems - IEMN (NAM6 - IEMN)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics
Abstract: International audience; The concept and the design of an integrated THz photoacoustic gas sensor, on a silicon chip is represented. Ultra-low losses of a Si waveguide and high Q optical cavity are measured and validate the optical part of this sensor.
Published: 2019

25. Experimental Observation of Second Harmonic Generation Enabled by Longitudinal Components in Indium Gallium Phosphide Nanowires

Author: Fabrice Raineri, Alfredo De Rossi, Gunther Roelkens, François Leo, Koen Alexander, Nicolas Poulvellarie, Bart Kuyken, Utsav D. Dave, Sylvain Combrié, Charles Ciret, Simon-Pierre Gorza, Optics, Photonics, Electromagnetism, Radio-Communications and Acoustics (OPERA), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Columbia University [New York], Laboratoire de Photonique d'Angers (LPHIA), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], and THALES
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Second-harmonic generation, Nonlinear optics, Orbital overlap, law.invention, Indium gallium phosphide, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, Orders of magnitude (time), law, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Harmonic, business, Waveguide, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Excitation
Abstract: Novel integrated photonics platforms are having a large impact on nonlinear optics. The inherent strong confinement and highly nonlinear materials allow for ultra-efficient frequency conversion. Recent reports on second harmonic (SH) generation for example posted record conversion efficiencies in millimetre long waveguides [1,2]. These promising results predict an exciting future for frequency conversion in subwavelengths structures. Yet, the vectorial nature of waves propagating in high index contrast nanowaveguides is often overlooked. Here we demonstrate second harmonic generation enabled by the longitudinal component of both the pump and the second harmonic wave. We use a 680 nm wide, 320 nm thick Indium Gallium Phosphide nanowaveguide [3]. As in other III-V materials, only the χ2 xyz component is nonzero. Previous demonstrations of second harmonic generation used waveguides that are rotated 45° in order to split the main transverse component along two axes [1,4]. Conversely, we use a 1.5 mm long waveguide whose propagation direction is aligned along the z crystallographic axis. The effective nonlinearity is hence proportional to the overlap integral ∫ x2 xyz (E x ∗SH EF y + E y ∗SH E x F + E z ∗SH E x F EF y ) dxdy where E(x,y) is the spatial distribution of the electric field in the transverse plane. Full-vectorial simulations predict phase matching and a nonzero overlap between a fundamental quasi-transverse magnetic (TM) pump mode and a higher order SH TM mode around 1575 nm. Importantly, such conversion would not be permitted without strong longitudinal field components. The effective index of both the pump and SH as well as the different field components are shown in Fig. 1. As can be seen, most field components have nonnegligible amplitudes and hence contribute to the effective nonlinearity. We launch a 3 mW telecom band pump in our waveguide through a lensed fiber and collect the second harmonic by use of a high NA (0.9) objective. Our results are shown in Figure 1. We find a maximum conversion of 0.2 %/W/cm2, around 2 orders of magnitude less that the theoretical prediction, indicating that the second harmonic mode likely suffers from strong propagation losses. Our experimental image of the SH mode confirms the excitation of an antisymmetric TM higher order mode. In conclusion we demonstrated second harmonic generation through mixing of transverse and longitudinal field components. Not only does it demonstrate the vector nature of the propagating waves, it also allows to excite higher order modes with different symmetries. Furthermore, full-vectorial simulations show that similar wave-mixing is the most efficient conversion scheme for waveguides fabricated in thick (>200nm) InGaP layers.
Published: 2019

26. Exploring titanium dioxide as a new photonic platform

Author: Lamy, Manon, Finot, Christophe, Lacava, Cosimo, Roelkens, Günther, Kuyken, Bart, Petropoulos, Periklis, Hammani, Kamal, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne [Dijon] (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Optoelectronics Research Centre [Southampton] (ORC), University of Southampton, Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), and Finot, Christophe
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Nonlinear integrated optics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Integrated optical materials, Supercontinuum generation, Titanium Dioxide waveguides, Optical Communications
Abstract: International audience; We report the development of titanium dioxide-based waveguides for applications in the near-and mid-infrared. Thanks to embedded metal grating couplers, we demonstrate error free 10 Gbit/s optical transmissions at 1.55 and 2 µm. We also demonstrate octave-spanning supercontinuum in cm-long waveguides. We explore the way to improve such waveguides through optimized fabrication process.
Published: 2019

27. Integrated Photonic Crystal Cavity for Terahertz Waves on a Free-Standing Silicon Platform

Author: Verstuyft, Mattias, Akiki, Elias, Ducournau, Guillaume, Walter, Benjamin, Faucher, Marc, Mairiaux, Estelle, Lampin, Jean-Francois, Vanwolleghem, Mathias, Kuyken, Bart, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQ THz - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THz - IEMN), Vmicro SAS (Vmicro), Nano and Microsystems - IEMN (NAM6 - IEMN), and Advanced NanOmeter DEvices - IEMN (ANODE - IEMN)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

28. Second Harmonic Generation Induced by Longitudinal Components in Indium Gallium Phosphide Nanowaveguides

Author: Simon-Pierre Gorza, Alfredo De Rossi, Charles Ciret, François Leo, Sylvain Combrié, Utsav D. Dave, Koen Alexander, Bart Kuyken, Fabrice Raineri, Gunther Roelkens, Nicolas Poulvellarie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Columbia University [New York], Laboratoire de Photonique d'Angers (LPHIA), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], and THALES
Subjects: Materials science, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Sciences de l'ingénieur, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Indium gallium phosphide, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, chemistry.chemical_compound, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Antisymmetric relation, Nonlinear optics, Second-harmonic generation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Transverse plane, chemistry, Harmonic, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Excitation
Abstract: We experimentally demonstrate second harmonic generation in Indium Gallium Phosphide waveguides by mixing transverse and longitudinal components of the optical fields. We confirm the excitation of an antisymmetric second harmonic mode through modal imaging.
Published: 2019

29. Silicon waveguides for high-speed optical transmissions and parametric conversion around 2 mu m

Author: Christophe Finot, Mamon Lamy, Julien Fatome, Bart Kuyken, Guy Millot, Pierre Colman, Gunther Roelkens, Kamal Hammani, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne [Dijon] (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
Subjects: Materials science, Silicon, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), Signal, law.invention, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Parametric statistics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, nonlinear optical devices, Single-mode optical fiber, Physics - Applied Physics, optical wavelength conversion, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Power (physics), Transmission (telecommunications), chemistry, Continuous wave, Optoelectronics, business, Waveguide, optical waveguide, Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract: International audience; We show that single mode Si waveguides efficiently sustain high-speed transmissions at 2 µm. We report the transmission of a 10 Gbit/s signal over 7 cm with a power penalty below 1 dB. Parametric conversion in the continuous wave regime is also demonstrated using the same waveguide structure with a conversion window over 70 nm and an efficiency as high as-25 dB that can be further increased in the pulsed pump regime.
Published: 2019

30. The effect of antenna polarization and body morphology on the measurement uncertainty of a wearable multi-band distributed exposure meter

Author: Marloes Eeftens, Martin Röösli, Anke Huss, Reza Aminzadeh, René de Seze, Stefan Dongus, Roel Vermeulen, Hendrik Rogier, Luc Martens, Sam Agneessens, Paul Mazet, Elisabeth Cardis, Patrick Van Torre, Matthias Van den Bossche, Arno Thielens, Wout Joseph, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], University of Basel (Unibas), Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences [Utrecht, The Netherlands] (IRAS), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques - UMR INERIS_I 1 (PERITOX), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie-Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, CEntre Technique des Industries Mécaniques (CETIM), CEntre Technique des Industries Mécaniques - Cetim (FRANCE), and Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal)
Subjects: Electromagnetic field, Technology and Engineering, Anechoic chamber, Acoustics, Measurement uncertainty, RF exposure, Wearable computer, POLARIZATION DEPENDENCY, BODY MORPHOLOGY, Polarization dependency, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, morphology, Metre, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, DIFFUSE, Physics, CALIBRATION, MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY, Personal exposure meters, PERSONAL EXPOSURE, 010401 analytical chemistry, Antenna aperture, PERSONAL EXPOSURE METERS, RADIOFREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS, Polarization (waves), 0104 chemical sciences, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, RF EXPOSURE, Body, Four-frequency, EXPOSIMETERS
Abstract: This paper studies the effect of antenna polarization on measurement uncertainty of a multi-band body-worn distributed exposure meter (BWDM). The BWDM is a device for assessing electromagnetic fields in real environments accurately. The BWDM consists of 8 nodes and is calibrated on the body for simultaneous measurement of the incident power density in four frequency bands. Each node contains an antenna that can have two potential antenna polarizations.The BWDM is calibrated on four human subjects in an anechoic chamber to determine its measurement uncertainty in terms of 68% confidence interval (CI68) of the on-body antenna aperture. The results show that using a fixed polarization of the antennas on body can lead to a different CI68 up to maximum 4.9 dB when worn by another person which is still 9.6 dB lower than the measurement uncertainty of commercial exposure meters.
Published: 2019

31. Physical origin of higher-order soliton fission in nanophotonic semiconductor waveguides

Author: Simon-Pierre Gorza, Chad Husko, Charles Ciret, François Leo, Bart Kuyken, Gunther Roelkens, Laboratoire de Photonique d'Angers (LPHIA), Université d'Angers (UA), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Optics, Photonics, Electromagnetism, Radio-Communications and Acoustics (OPERA), Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-THALES, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
Subjects: Fission, Nanophotonics, lcsh:Medicine, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, SPANNING SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION, SPATIAL OPTICAL SOLITONS, 01 natural sciences, Article, COHERENT, 010309 optics, DISPERSION, Phénomènes atmosphériques, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:Science, Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and Solitons, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Multidisciplinary, business.industry, lcsh:R, Nonlinear optics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Supercontinuum, Nonlinear system, SUPERCONTINUUM, Semiconductor, WIRE, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, lcsh:Q, Soliton, EMISSION, 0210 nano-technology, business, FIBERS, Physics - Optics, Doppler broadening
Abstract: Supercontinuum generation in Kerr media has become a staple of nonlinear optics. It has been celebrated for advancing the understanding of soliton propagation as well as its many applications in a broad range of fields. Coherent spectral broadening of laser light is now commonly performed in laboratories and used in commercial “white light” sources. The prospect of miniaturizing the technology is currently driving experiments in different integrated platforms such as semiconductor on insulator waveguides. Central to the spectral broadening is the concept of higher-order soliton fission. While widely accepted in silica fibers, the dynamics of soliton decay in semiconductor waveguides is yet poorly understood. In particular, the role of nonlinear loss and free carriers, absent in silica, remains an open question. Here, through experiments and simulations, we show that nonlinear loss is the dominant perturbation in wire waveguides, while free-carrier dispersion is dominant in photonic crystal waveguides., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2018

32. High speed optical transmission at 2 µm in subwavelength waveguides made of various materials

Author: Lamy, Manon, Finot, Christophe, Fatome, Julien, Weeber, Jean-Claude, Millot, Guy, Kuyken, Bart, Roelkens, G., Brun, M., Labeye, Pierre, Nicolleti, S., Bogris, A., Syvridis, D., Ettabib, M., Richardson, D.J., Petropoulos, Periklis, Hammani, Kamal, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne [Dijon] (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Southampton, Optoelectronics Research Centre [Southampton] (ORC), Finot, Christophe, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

33. A dual-bandwearable exposure meter for personal RF exposure assessment in indoor environments: on-body calibration in a reverberation chamber

Author: Davy P. Gaillot, Matthias Van den Bossche, Martine Lienard, Wout Joseph, Luc Martens, Sam Agneessens, Arno Thielens, Reza Aminzadeh, Martin Röösli, Hendrik Rogier, Patrick Van Torre, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Télécommunication, Interférences et Compatibilité Electromagnétique (IEMN-TELICE), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Epidemiology & Public Health [Basel, Switzerland], Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel]-Medical School University of Basel, University of Basel (Unibas), Department of Information Technology, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-iminds, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Télécommunication, Interférences et Compatibilité Electromagnétique - IEMN (TELICE - IEMN), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-iminds
Subjects: reverberation chambers, Technology and Engineering, Acoustics, Wearable computer, frequency 2595.0 MHz, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, reverberation chamber, Antenna measurements, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0302 clinical medicine, indoor environments, law, measurement uncertainty, real office environment, Radio frequency, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Calibration, Metre, high antenna-body isolation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, frequency 2443.0 MHz, human body, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Photometer, calibration, textile antennas, frequency 2600.0 MHz, On-body Calibration, personal RF exposure assessment, textiles, Meters, dual band wearable personal distributed exposure meter, frequency 2.0 GHz, Measurement uncertainty, wearable antennas, Antennas, Multi-band device, photometers, Density measurement, multifrequency antennas, UHF antennas, Electromagnetic reverberation chamber
Abstract: For the first time, a dual band wearable personal distributed exposure meter (DPDE) is designed. The DPDE is calibrated on-body in a reverberation chamber. The meter consists of four nodes including textile antennas operating at 2443 MHz (WiFi 2 GHz) and 2595 MHz (LTE 2600 MHz). The location of the nodes are optimized based on the calibration in a reverberation chamber. The results show that the DPDE has a high antenna-body isolation and thus its performance is less affected by presence of the human body. The measurement uncertainty of the designed DPDE is maximum 4.5 dB in terms of 68% confidence interval of its response. The results are validated in a real office environment for WiFi 2 GHz. The DPDE has a detection limit of $3\ \mu W.m^{-2}$ in diffuse fields.
Published: 2018

34. Highly Non-Degenerate Two-Photon Absorption in Silicon Wire Waveguides

Author: Nicolas Poulvellarie, François Leo, Bart Kuyken, Charles Ciret, Simon-Pierre Gorza, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Optics, Photonics, Electromagnetism, Radio-Communications and Acoustics (OPERA), Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Laboratoire de Photonique d'Angers (LPHIA), and Université d'Angers (UA)
Subjects: Band gap, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Two-photon absorption, 010309 optics, 0103 physical sciences, Dispersion (optics), Absorption (logic), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Nonlinear optics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Optique non linéaire, 3. Good health, Supercontinuum, Semiconductor, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Atomic physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Phase modulation, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract: Nondegenerate two-photon absorption (ND TPA) is studied in a nanophotonic silicon waveguide in a configuration such that the dispersion of the nonlinear absorption and refraction cannot be ignored. It is shown that a signal wave around 1330 nm can be strongly absorbed by ND TPA with a pulse of 6-W peak power at 1850 nm. Experiments are performed with pulses of about 200 fs in a dispersion engineered waveguide in which the pump and signal pulses propagate at a similar group velocity. The experimental results are very well reproduced by numerical simulations of two coupled generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations (GNLSEs). We show that the nonlinear dynamics can be well described by a single GNLSE despite the wavelength separation between the pump and the signal waves. We also demonstrate that in silicon nanophotonic waveguides, the dispersion of the nonlinear absorption is much larger than the dispersion of the Kerr effect. This could have an impact in the design of all-optical functions based on ND TPA, as well as on the study of supercontinuum and frequency-comb generation in integrated semiconductor-on-insulator platforms., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2018

35. Demonstration of high speed optical transmission at 2 µm in various material based waveguides

Author: Lamy, Manon, Finot, Christophe, Fatome, Julien, Arocas, Juan, Weeber, Jean-Claude, Kuyken, Bart, Roelkens, G., Brun, M., Labeye, P., Nicoletti, S., Bogris, A., Syvridis, D., Ettabib, M. A., Richardson, D. J., Petropoulos, Periklis, Hammani, Kamal, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Southampton, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne [Dijon] (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), and Finot, Christophe
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

36. Continuous-wave infrared optical gain and amplified spontaneous emission at ultralow threshold by colloidal HgTe quantum dots

Author: Ivan Infante, Pieter Geiregat, Arjan J. Houtepen, Zeger Hens, Dries Van Thourhout, Felipe Zapata, Laxmi Kishore Sagar, Christophe Delerue, Valeriia Grigel, G. Allan, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Deparment of Chemistry, Opto-electronic materials section, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Laboratoire de chimie théorique (LCT), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Physique-IEMN (PHYSIQUE-IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Theoretical Chemistry, AIMMS, Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Physique - IEMN (PHYSIQUE - IEMN), Photonics Research Group (INTEC), and Acknowledgements This research is funded by Ghent University (Special Research Fund BOF), BelSPo (IAP 7.35, photonics@be), EU-FP7 (Navolchi), NWO (Vidi grant, No. 723.013.002) Horizon 2020 ITN Phonsi and ERC-ULPICC and ERC-PoC Interdot. P.G. acknowledges the FWO Vlaanderen for a postdoctoral fellowship. S. Flamee is acknowledged for TEM imaging of the QDs and R. Van Deun and P. Smet are acknowledged for the use of the steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence set-up and the cryogenic spectroscopy, respectively.
Subjects: Amplified spontaneous emission, Materials science, Infrared, LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES, SOLIDS, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Population inversion, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Optical pumping, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, General Materials Science, Stimulated emission, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], SILICON, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, DISPLACEMENT, [PHYS]Physics [physics], business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Mercury telluride, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, 0104 chemical sciences, NANOCRYSTALS, chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, Mechanics of Materials, Quantum dot, LUMINESCENCE, Optoelectronics, PBSE, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; AbstractColloidal quantum dots (QDs) raise more and more interest as solution-processable and tunable optical gain materials. However, especially for infrared active QDs, optical gain remains inefficient. Since stimulated emission involves multifold degenerate band-edge states, population inversion can be attained only at high pump power and must compete with efficient multi-exciton recombination. Here, we show that mercury telluride (HgTe) QDs exhibit size-tunable stimulated emission throughout the near-infrared telecom window at thresholds unmatched by any QD studied before. We attribute this unique behaviour to surface-localized states in the bandgap that turn HgTe QDs into 4-level systems. The resulting long-lived population inversion induces amplified spontaneous emission under continuous-wave optical pumping at power levels compatible with solar irradiation and direct current electrical pumping. These results introduce an alternative approach for low-threshold QD-based gain media based on intentional trap states that paves the way for solution-processed infrared QD lasers and amplifiers.
Published: 2018

37. An extension of the RiMAX multipath estimation algorithm for ultra-wideband channel modeling

Author: David Plets, Brecht Hanssens, Martine Lienard, Luc Martens, Emmeric Tanghe, Claude Oestges, Wout Joseph, Davy P. Gaillot, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Télécommunication, Interférences et Compatibilité Electromagnétique (IEMN-TELICE), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Télécommunication, Interférences et Compatibilité Electromagnétique - IEMN (TELICE - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), and The author would also like to express his gratitude to Dr. Rein Houthooft, M. Sc., for his many insights, fruitful discussions, and shedding brightening lights on this subject.Funding: Brecht Hanssens is funded by the Agency for Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Emmeric Tanghe is a Post-Doctoral fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO).This work was carried out in the framework of COST Action CA15104 IRACON, and the Excellence of Science (EOS) project MUlti-SErvice WIreless NETwork (MUSEWINET). This research was supported by the FWO project G027714N.Availability of data and materialsThe data can be made available for scientific purposes only by sending a request via e-mail to Brecht.Hanssens@UGent.be.
Subjects: Electromagnetics, Technology and Engineering, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Frequency band, MIMO, RiMAX, Channel sounding, lcsh:TK7800-8360, Ultra-wideband, 02 engineering and technology, Channel modeling, lcsh:Telecommunication, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Narrowband, Multipath estimation, INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS, SYSTEMS, lcsh:TK5101-6720, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture, Dense multipath components, Wideband, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Computer Science::Information Theory, Specular multipath components, Physics::Computational Physics, DIFFUSE-SCATTERING, Research, lcsh:Electronics, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, COMPONENTS, Indoor environment, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Multipath propagation, modeling, Channel, Computer Science Applications, Signal Processing, DISTANCE, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Algorithm, Communication channel, PARAMETER-ESTIMATION
Abstract: International audience; This work presents an extension of the high-resolution RiMAX multipath estimation algorithm, enabling the analysis of frequency-dependent propagation parameters for ultra-wideband (UWB) channel modeling. Since RiMAX is a narrowband algorithm, it does not account for the frequency-dependency of the radio channel or the environment. As such, the impact of certain materials in which these systems operate can no longer be considered constant with respect to frequency, preventing an accurate estimation of multipath parameters for UWB communication. In order to track both the specular and dense multipath components (SMC and DMC) over frequency, an extension to the RiMAX algorithm was developed that can process UWB measurement data. The advantage of our approach is that geometrical propagation parameters do not appear or disappear from one sub-band onto the next. The UWB-RiMAX algorithm makes it possible to re-evaluate common radio channel parameters for DMC in the wideband scenario, and to extend the well-known deterministic propagation model comprising of SMC alone, towards a more hybrid model containing the stochastic contributions from the DMC’s distributed diffuse scattering as well.Our algorithm was tested with synthetic radio channel models in an indoor environment, which show that our algorithm can match up to 99% of the SMC parameters according to the multipath component distance (MCD) metric and that the DMC reverberation time known from the theory of room electromagnetics can be estimated on average with an error margin of less than 2 ns throughout the UWB frequency band. We also present some preliminary results in an indoor environment, which indicate a strong presence of DMC and thus diffuse scattering. The DMC power represents up to 50% of the total measured power for the lower UWB frequencies and reduces to around 30% for the higher UWB frequencies.
Published: 2018

38. A Phonon Scattering Bottleneck for Carrier Cooling in Lead Chalcogenide Nanocrystals

Author: Zeger Hens, Yolanda Justo, Frank C. M. Spoor, Arjan J. Houtepen, Laurens D. A. Siebbeles, Guy Allan, Dries Van Thourhout, Pieter Geiregat, Michiel Aerts, Christophe Delerue, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Deparment of Chemistry, Opto-electronic materials section, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), DelftChemTech, Chemistry, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), and Technische Universiteit Delft (TU Delft)
Subjects: Materials science, Chalcogenide, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, chemistry.chemical_compound, Critical point (thermodynamics), Ultrafast laser spectroscopy, General Materials Science, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed matter physics, Phonon scattering, General Engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Brillouin zone, Multiple exciton generation, chemistry, Quantum dot, Charge carrier, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The cooling dynamics of hot charge carriers in colloidal lead chalcogenide nanocrystals is studied by hyperspectral transient absorption spectroscopy. We demonstrate a transient accumulation of charge carriers at a high energy critical point in the Brillouin zone. Using a theoretical study of the cooling rate in lead chalcogenides, we attribute this slowing down of charge carrier cooling to a phonon scattering bottleneck around this critical point. The relevance of this observation for the possible harvesting of the excess energy of hot carriers by schemes such as multiexciton generation is discussed.
Published: 2015

39. Profile-Based Resource Allocation for Virtualized Network Functions

Author: Piet Demeester, Didier Colle, Steven Van Rossem, Wouter Tavernier, Mario Pickavet, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), and Department of Information Technology(INTEC) - IBCN
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, VNF, Service (systems architecture), Technology and Engineering, Monitoring, Network function virtualization, analysis, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Distributed computing, Performance Profiling, Servers, Cloud computing, Machine Learning (stat.ML), 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Machine Learning (cs.LG), Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, Service-level agreement, Hardware, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Statistics - Machine Learning, Virtualization, Server, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Resource management, Orchestration (computing), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Network Function Virtualization, Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI), Measurement, Computer Science - Performance, business.industry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, PERFORMANCE, Performance (cs.PF), [INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], Performance Analysis, Resource allocation, performance profiling, business, Index Terms-Network Function Virtualization, computer
Abstract: The virtualization of compute and network resources enables an unseen flexibility for deploying network services. A wide spectrum of emerging technologies allows an ever-growing range of orchestration possibilities in cloud-based environments. But in this context it remains challenging to rhyme dynamic cloud configurations with deterministic performance. The service operator must somehow map the performance specification in the Service Level Agreement (SLA) to an adequate resource allocation in the virtualized infrastructure. We propose the use of a VNF profile to alleviate this process. This is illustrated by profiling the performance of four example network functions (a virtual router, switch, firewall and cache server) under varying workloads and resource configurations. We then compare several methods to derive a model from the profiled datasets. We select the most accurate method to further train a model which predicts the services' performance, in function of incoming workload and allocated resources. Our presented method can offer the service operator a recommended resource allocation for the targeted service, in function of the targeted performance and maximum workload specified in the SLA. This helps to deploy the softwarized service with an optimal amount of resources to meet the SLA requirements, thereby avoiding unnecessary scaling steps., Comment: accepted in IEEE TNSM journal
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40. Silicon-Based Photonic Integration Beyond the Telecommunication Wavelength Range

Author: Yosuke Shimura, Laurent Cerutti, Chen Hu, Roel Baets, Jean-Baptiste Rodriguez, Muhammad Muneeb, Joris Van Campenhout, Eric Tournié, Milos Nedeljkovic, Noel Healy, Sarah Uvin, Dorian Sanchez, Eva Ryckeboer, Ruijun Wang, Federica Gencarelli, Xiaoping Liu, Anna C. Peacock, Gunther Roelkens, Zeger Hens, Richard M. Osgood, Li Shen, François Leo, Utsav D. Dave, Nannicha Hattasan, Roger Loo, Alban Gassenq, Aditya Malik, Goran Z. Mashanovich, William M. J. Green, Benjamin Vincent, Bart Kuyken, Xia Chen, Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), IMEC, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Composants à Nanostructure pour le moyen infrarouge (NANOMIR), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Southampton, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Subjects: Technology and Engineering, Materials science, Silicon, MICROPHOTONICS, SPECTROMETERS, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, Silicon on insulator, RING-RESONATOR, ON-INSULATOR, GAINASSB PHOTODIODES, 7. Clean energy, Waveguide (optics), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, SAPPHIRE WAVE-GUIDES, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, SPECTROSCOPY, Silicon photonics, silicon photonics, business.industry, Heterogeneous integration, nonlinear optics, Photonic integrated circuit, mid-infrared, VAPOR DETECTION, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, QUANTUM-DOT PHOTODETECTORS, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Supercontinuum, chemistry, Optoelectronics, LASER, Photonics, business, Telecommunications, Microphotonics
Abstract: In this paper we discuss silicon-based photonic integrated circuit technology for applications beyond the telecommunication wavelength range. Silicon-on-insulator and germanium-on-silicon passive waveguide circuits are described, as well as the integration of III-V semiconductors, IV-VI colloidal nanoparticles and GeSn alloys on these circuits for increasing the functionality. The strong nonlinearity of silicon combined with the low nonlinear absorption in the mid-infrared is exploited to generate picosecond pulse based supercontinuum sources, optical parametric oscillators and wavelength translators connecting the telecommunication wavelength range and the mid-infrared.
Published: 2014

41. Single-exciton optical gain in semiconductor nanocrystals: Positive role of electron-phonon coupling

Author: Christophe Delerue, Guy Allan, Pieter Geiregat, Zeger Hens, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
Subjects: Amplified spontaneous emission, Materials science, Photoluminescence, Exciton, Population, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, Stimulated emission, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], education.field_of_study, Condensed Matter::Other, business.industry, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Nanocrystal, Optoelectronics, Light emission, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: The possibility of obtaining optical gain in an ensemble of semiconductor nanocrystals without involvement of multiexcitons is very attractive for low-threshold laser applications. Here, we reexamine theoretically the conditions required to reach this single-exciton gain regime in nanocrystals. We show that the electron-phonon interaction can play a very positive role, in addition to the exciton-exciton interaction. In presence of both interactions, the optical gain regime can be reached even when the population of nanocrystals containing single excitons is below 10%. For these reasons, we suggest that ultrasmall nanocrystals, or nanocrystals with deep defects at their surface, could be promising materials for light amplification.
Published: 2016

42. Integrated Management in the Age of Big Data, Proceedings of the 14th IFIP/IEEE Symposium on Integrated Network and Service Management (IM 2015)

Author: Badonnel, Rémi, Jin, Xiao, Shingo, Ata, Turck, Filip, voicu, groza, Raniery Paula dos Santos, Carlos, Management of dynamic networks and services (MADYNES), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Networks, Systems and Services (LORIA - NSS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, IBM, Osaka University [Osaka], Department of Information Technology(INTEC) - IBCN, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Instituto de Informática da UFRGS (UFRGS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), IFIP/IEEE, Remi Badonnel and Jin Xiao and Shingo Ata and Filip de Turck and Voicu Groza and Carlos dos Santos, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: Big Data, Integrated Network Management, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Network and Service Management, Cloud Computing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Software-Defined Networking
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

43. Overview of ASDEX Upgrade results

Author: Kallenbach, A., Aguiam, D., Aho-Mantila, L., Angioni, C., Arden, N., Parra, R. Arredondo, Asunta, O., Baar, M., Balden, M., Behler, K., Bergmann, A., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Beurskens, M., Biancalani, A., Bilato, R., Birkenmeier, G., Bobkov, V., Bock, A., Bogomolov, A., Bolzonella, T., Boswirth, B., Bottereau, C., Bottino, A., Brand, H., Brezinsek, S., Brida, D., Brochard, F., Bruhn, C., Buchanan, J., Buhler, A., Burckhart, A., Cambon-Silva, D., Camenen, Y., Carvalho, P., Carrasco, G., Cazzaniga, C., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Casali, L., Castaldo, C., Cavedon, M., Challis, C., Chankin, A., Chapman, I., Clairet, F., Classen, I., Coda, S., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Colas, L., Conway, G., Costea, S., Coster, D. P., Croci, G., Cseh, G., Czarnecka, A., D Arcangelo, O., Day, C., Delogu, R., Marne, P., Denk, S., Denner, P., Dibon, M., D Inca, R., Di Siena, A., Douai, D., Drenik, A., Drube, R., Dunne, M., Duval, B. P., Dux, R., Eich, T., Elgeti, S., Engelhardt, K., Erdos, B., Erofeev, I., Esposito, B., Fable, E., Faitsch, M., Fantz, U., Faugel, H., Felici, F., Fietz, S., Figueredo, A., Fischer, R., Ford, O., Frassinetti, L., Freethy, S., Froschle, M., Fuchert, G., Fuchs, J. C., Funfgelder, H., Galazka, K., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Gallo, A., Gao, Y., Garavaglia, S., Garcia-Munoz, M., Geiger, B., Cianfarani, C., Giannone, L., Giovannozzi, E., Gleason-Gonzalez, C., Gloggler, S., Gobbin, M., Gorler, T., Goodman, T., Gorini, G., Gradic, D., Grater, A., Granucci, G., Greuner, H., Griener, M., Groth, M., Gude, A., Gunter, S., Guimarais, L., Haas, G., Hakola, A. H., Ham, C., Happel, T., Harrison, J., Hatch, D., Hauer, V., Hayward, T., Heinemann, B., Heinzel, S., Hellsten, T., Henderson, S., Hennequin, P., Herrmann, A., Heyn, E., Hitzler, F., Hobirk, J., Holzl, M., Hoschen, T., Holm, J. H., Hopf, C., Hoppe, F., Horvath, L., Houben, A., Huber, A., Igochine, V., Ilkei, T., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jacob, W., Jacobsen, A. S., Jacquot, J., Janky, F., Jardin, A., Jaulmes, F., Jenko, F., Jensen, T., Joffrin, E., Kasemann, C., Kalvin, S., Kantor, M., Kappatou, A., Kardaun, O., Karhunen, J., Kasilov, S., Kernbichler, W., Kim, D., Kimmig, S., Kirk, A., Klingshirn, H. -J, Koch, F., Kocsis, G., Kohn, A., Kraus, M., Krieger, K., Krivska, A., Kramer-Flecken, A., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurzan, B., Lackner, K., Laggner, F., Lang, P. T., Lauber, P., Lazanyi, N., Lazaros, A., Lebschy, A., Li, L., Li, M., Liang, Y., Lipschultz, B., Liu, Y., Lohs, A., Luhmann, N. C., Lunt, T., Lyssoivan, A., Madsen, J., Maier, H., Maj, O., Mailloux, J., Maljaars, E., Manas, P., Mancini, A., Manhard, A., Manso, M. -E, Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Manz, P., Maraschek, M., Martens, C., Martin Oberkofler, Marrelli, L., Martitsch, A., Mastrostefano, S., Mayer, A., Mayer, M., Mazon, D., Mccarthy, P. J., Mcdermott, R., Meisl, G., Meister, H., Medvedeva, A., Merkel, P., Merkel, R., Merle, A., Mertens, V., Meshcheriakov, D., Meyer, H., Meyer, O., Miettunen, J., Milanesio, D., Mink, F., Mlynek, A., Monaco, F., Moon, C., Nazikian, R., Nemes-Czopf, A., Neu, G., Neu, R., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, S. K., Nikolaeva, V., Nocente, M., Noterdaeme, J. -M, Nowak, S., Oberkofler, M., Oberparleiter, M., Ochoukov, R., Odstrcil, T., Olsen, J., Orain, F., Palermo, F., Papp, G., Perez, I. Paradela, Pautasso, G., Enzel, F., Petersson, P., Pinzon, J., Piovesan, P., Piron, C., Plaum, B., Plockl, B., Plyusnin, V., Pokol, G., Poli, E., Porte, L., Potzel, S., Prisiazhniuk, D., Putterich, T., Ramisch, M., Rapson, C., Rasmussen, J., Raupp, G., Refy, D., Reich, M., Reimold, F., Ribeiro, T., Riedl, R., Rittich, D., Rocchi, G., Rodriguez-Ramos, M., Rohde, V., Ross, A., Rott, M., Rubel, M., Ryan, D., Ryter, F., Saarelma, S., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Sanchis-Sanchez, L., Santos, G., Santos, J., Sauter, O., Scarabosio, A., Schall, G., Schmid, K., Schmitz, O., Schneider, P. A., Schneller, M., Schrittwieser, R., Schubert, M., Schwarz-Selinger, T., Schweinzer, J., Scott, B., Sehmer, T., Sertoli, M., Shabbir, A., Shalpegin, A., Shao, L., Sharapov, S., Siccinio, M., Sieglin, B., Sigalov, A., Silva, A., Silva, C., Simon, P., Simpson, J., Snicker, A., Sommariva, C., Sozzi, C., Spolaore, M., Stejner, M., Stober, J., Stobbe, F., Stroth, U., Strumberger, E., Suarez, G., Sugiyama, K., Sun, H. -J, Suttrop, W., Szepesi, T., Tal, B., Tala, T., Tardini, G., Tardocchi, M., Terranova, D., Tierens, W., Told, D., Tudisco, O., Trevisan, G., Treutterer, W., Trier, E., Tripsky, M., Valisa, M., Valovic, M., Vanovac, B., Varela, P., Varoutis, S., Verdoolaege, G., Vezinet, D., Vianello, N., Vicente, J., Vierle, T., Viezzer, E., Toussaint, U., Wagner, D., Wang, N., Wang, X., Weidl, M., Weiland, M., White, A. E., Willensdorfer, M., Wiringer, B., Wischmeier, M., Wolf, R., Wolfrum, E., Xiang, L., Yang, Q., Yang, Z., Yu, Q., Zagorski, R., Zammuto, I., Zarzoso, D., Zhang, W., Zeeland, M., Zehetbauer, T., Zilker, M., Zoletnik, S., Zohm, H., Team, Asdex Upgrade, Team, Eurofusion Mst, Institute of Forest Botany, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research [Eindhoven] (DIFFER), Institute of Applied Physics (IFA - CSIC), GRIDSEN, IPFN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), CEA Cadarache, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut für Geophysik [Clausthal-Zellerfeld], Technische Universität Clausthal (TU Clausthal), Association EURATOM-ÖAW, University of Innsbruck, Institut für Plasmaforschung [Stuttgart] (IPF), Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], Institute of Plasma Physics, Association Euratom/IPP.CR (IPP PRAGUE), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School [Worcester] (UMASS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Torino and INFN (DF_TORINO), Dipartimento di Fisica infi & Università di Torino, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Institut d'Electronique du Solide et des Systèmes (InESS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux (LSPM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut Galilée-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for World Forestry, Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Sygen International Plc, Genus Plc, Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes (IBMP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik [Kiel] (IEAP), Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Department of Experimental Medical Science, AUTRES, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik [Garching] (IPP), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Euratom/CCFE Fusion Association, Atomic Energy Research Institute [Budapest], Centre for Energy Research [Budapest] (MTAE), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy, affiliation inconnue, Department of Radiology, St. James's Hospital, Dept of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Database group, Computer Science and engeenering Department [San Diego] (DB CSE UCSD), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, F. Hoffmann-La RocheAG, Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research [Eindhoven] ( DIFFER ), Institute of Applied Physics ( IFA - CSIC ), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa ( IST ), Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique - Laboratoire d'Hyperfréquences et Caractérisation ( IMEP-LAHC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] ( IBCP ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland ( VTT ), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung ( AWI ), Laboratoire de Science et Génie des Matériaux et de Métallurgie ( LSG2M ), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 ( UHP ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine ( INPL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Department of Information Technology ( INTEC ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Institut fur Geophysical, IPF, Institute of Plasma Physics, Association Euratom/IPP.CR ( IPP PRAGUE ), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] ( ASCR ), University of Massachusetts Medical School [Worcester] ( UMASS ), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique ( IRFM ), Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Torino and INFN ( DF_TORINO ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut d'Electronique du Solide et des Systèmes ( InESS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Jean Lamour ( IJL ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux ( LSPM ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut Galilée-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes ( IBMP ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), IEAP, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel ( CAU ), Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik [Garching] ( IPP ), J. W. Goethe-University, Hungarian Academy of Sciences KFKI Atomic Energy Research Institute, Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés ( SIMaP ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand ( LPC ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), university college cork, University College Cork ( UCC ), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule [Zürich] ( ETH Zürich ), Database group, Computer Science and engeenering Department [San Diego] ( DB CSE UCSD ), University of California [San Diego] ( UC San Diego ), Aguiam, D, Aho-Mantila, L, Angioni, C, Arden, N, Parra, R, Asunta, O, Debaar, M, Balden, M, Behler, K, Bergmann, A, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Beurskens, M, Biancalani, A, Bilato, R, Birkenmeier, G, Bobkov, V, Bock, A, Bogomolov, A, Bolzonella, T, Boeswirth, B, Bottereau, C, Bottino, A, Van den Brand, H, Brezinsek, S, Brida, D, Brochard, F, Bruhn, C, Buchanan, J, Buhler, A, Burckhart, A, Cambon-Silva, D, Camenen, Y, Carvalho, P, Carrasco, G, Cazzaniga, C, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Casali, L, Castaldo, C, Cavedon, M, Challis, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, I, Clairet, F, Classen, I, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Colas, L, Conway, G, Costea, S, Coster, D, Croci, G, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, D'Arcangelo, O, Day, C, Delogu, R, de Marne, P, Denk, S, Denner, P, Dibon, M, D'Inca, R, Disiena, A, Douai, D, Drenik, A, Drube, R, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Dux, R, Eich, T, Elgeti, S, Engelhardt, K, Erdos, B, Erofeev, I, Esposito, B, Fable, E, Faitsch, M, Fantz, U, Faugel, H, Felici, F, Fietz, S, Figueredo, A, Fischer, R, Ford, O, Frassinetti, L, Freethy, S, Froeschle, M, Fuchert, G, Fuchs, J, Fuenfgelder, H, Galazka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Gallo, A, Gao, Y, Garavaglia, S, Garcia-Munoz, M, Geiger, B, Cianfarani, C, Giannone, L, Giovannozzi, E, Gleason-Gonzalez, C, Gloeggler, S, Gobbin, M, Goerler, T, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gradic, D, Graeter, A, Granucci, G, Greuner, H, Griener, M, Groth, M, Gude, A, Guenter, S, Guimarais, L, Haas, G, Hakola, A, Ham, C, Happel, T, Harrison, J, Hatch, D, Hauer, V, Hayward, T, Heinemann, B, Heinzel, S, Hellsten, T, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Herrmann, A, Heyn, E, Hitzler, F, Hobirk, J, Hoelzl, M, Hoeschen, T, Holm, J, Hopf, C, Hoppe, F, Horvath, L, Houben, A, Huber, A, Igochine, V, Ilkei, T, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jacob, W, Jacobsen, A, Jacquot, J, Janky, F, Jardin, A, Jaulmes, F, Jenko, F, Jensen, T, Joffrin, E, Kaesemann, C, Kallenbach, A, Kalvin, S, Kantor, M, Kappatou, A, Kardaun, O, Karhunen, J, Kasilov, S, Kernbichler, W, Kim, D, Kimmig, S, Kirk, A, Klingshirn, H, Koch, F, Kocsis, G, Koehn, A, Kraus, M, Krieger, K, Krivska, A, Kraemr-Flecken, A, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kurzan, B, Lackner, K, Laggner, F, Lang, P, Lauber, P, Lazanyi, N, Lazaros, A, Lebschy, A, Li, L, Li, M, Liang, Y, Lipschultz, B, Liu, Y, Lohs, A, Luhmann, N, Lunt, T, Lyssoivan, A, Madsen, J, Maier, H, Maj, O, Mailloux, J, Maljaars, E, Manas, P, Mancini, A, Manhard, A, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manz, P, Maraschek, M, Martens, C, Martin, P, Marrelli, L, Martitsch, A, Mastrostefano, S, Mayer, A, Mayer, M, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Meisl, G, Meister, H, Medvedeva, A, Merkel, P, Merkel, R, Merle, A, Mertens, V, Meshcheriakov, D, Meyer, H, Meyer, O, Miettunen, J, Milanesio, D, Mink, F, Mlynek, A, Monaco, F, Moon, C, Nazikian, R, Nemes-Czopf, A, Neu, G, Neu, R, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nikolaeva, V, Nocente, M, Noterdaeme, J, Nowak, S, Oberkofler, M, Oberparleiter, M, Ochoukov, R, Odstrcil, T, Olsen, J, Orain, F, Palermo, F, Papp, G, Paradela Perez, I, Pautasso, G, Enzel, F, Petersson, P, Pinzon, J, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Plaum, B, Ploeckl, B, Plyusnin, V, Pokol, G, Poli, E, Porte, L, Potzel, S, Prisiazhniuk, D, Puetterich, T, Ramisch, M, Rapson, C, Rasmussen, J, Raupp, G, Refy, D, Reich, M, Reimold, F, Ribeiro, T, Riedl, R, Rittich, D, Rocchi, G, Rodriguez-Ramos, M, Rohde, V, Ross, A, Rott, M, Rubel, M, Ryan, D, Ryter, F, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sanchis-Sanchez, L, Santos, G, Santos, J, Sauter, O, Scarabosio, A, Schall, G, Schmid, K, Schmitz, O, Schneider, P, Schneller, M, Schrittwieser, R, Schubert, M, Schwarz-Selinger, T, Schweinzer, J, Scott, B, Sehmer, T, Sertoli, M, Shabbir, A, Shalpegin, A, Shao, L, Sharapov, S, Siccinio, M, Sieglin, B, Sigalov, A, Silva, A, Silva, C, Simon, P, Simpson, J, Snicker, A, Sommariva, C, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stejner, M, Stober, J, Stobbe, F, Stroth, U, Strumberger, E, Suarez, G, Sugiyama, K, Sun, H, Suttrop, W, Szepesi, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Tardini, G, Tardocchi, M, Terranova, D, Tierens, W, Told, D, Tudisco, O, Trevisan, G, Treutterer, W, Trier, E, Tripsky, M, Valisa, M, Valovic, M, Vanovac, B, Varela, P, Varoutis, S, Verdoolaege, G, Vezinet, D, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Vierle, T, Viezzer, E, von Toussaint, U, Wagner, D, Wang, N, Wang, X, Weidl, M, Weil, White, A, Willensdorfer, M, Wiringer, B, Wischmeier, M, Wolf, R, Wolfrum, E, Xiang, L, Yang, Q, Yang, Z, Yu, Q, Zagorski, R, Zammuto, I, Zarzoso, D, Zhang, W, van Zeeland, M, Zehetbauer, T, Zilker, M, Zoletnik, S, Zohm, H, Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), York Plasma Institute (YPI), University of York [York, UK], EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre [Abingdon], Istituto di Fisica del Plasma, EURATOM-ENEA-CNR Association, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Institute of Plasma Physics [Praha], Association EURATOM-TEKES, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear [Lisboa] (IPFN), Institute of Atomic Physics, Université de Roumanie, FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (AMOLF), FOM Institute DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, The Netherlands, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE), University College Cork (UCC), Italian National agency for new technologies, Energy and sustainable economic development [Frascati] (ENEA), KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics (KFKI-RMKI), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering [Univ California San Diego] (MAE - UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), General Atomics [San Diego], Ricerca Formazione Innovazione (Consorzio RFX), Warsaw University of Technology [Warsaw], Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires ( PIIM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas ( LPP ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Observatoire de Paris-École polytechnique ( X ) -Sorbonne Universités-PSL Research University ( PSL ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), York Plasma Institute ( YPI ), Culham Science Centre, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, IST, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Max Planck Society, Department of Applied Physics, TEC, JET EFDA, Culham Sci Ctr, Technische Universität München, Consorzio RFX, IRFM, Assoc EURATOM FZJ, Euratom, Julich Research Center, Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energy & Climate Res, University of Lorraine, ENEA, Istituto Fisica del Plasma 'Piero Caldirola' (IFP-CNR), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Innsbruck Medical University, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plasma Physics & Laser Microfusion (IFPiLM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Swedish Research Council (VR), General Atomics & Affiliated Companies, University of Sevilla, University of Texas at Austin, Max Planck Comp & Data Facil, Ecole Polytechnique, Hochschule der Medien, Technical University of Denmark, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of California at Santa Barbara, School services, SCI, LPP-ERM/KMS EURATOM Association, Vienna University of Technology, Assoc EURATOM Hellen Republ, NCSR Demokritos, IPP, York University, CCFE Fusion Assoc, BSC, Univ Coll Cork UCC, Princeton University, Ghent University, Chinese Acad Sci, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Natl Astron Observ, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ Aix Marseille 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Aix-Marseille, Universite de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, UMR 6098, CNRS, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Plasma Science and Fusion Center, White, Anne E., Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Arslanbekov, R, Atanasiu, C, Becker, G, Becker, W, Behringer, K, Bolshukhin, D, Borrass, K, Brambilla, M, Braun, F, Carlson, A, Egorov, S, Fahrbach, H, Finken, K, Foley, M, Franzen, P, Gafert, J, Fournier, K, Gantenbein, G, Gehre, O, Geier, A, Gernhardt, J, Gruber, O, Gunter, S, Hartmann, D, Heger, B, Hofmeister, F, Hohenocker, H, Horton, L, Jacchia, A, Jakobi, M, Kaufmann, M, Keller, A, Kendl, A, Kim, J, Kirov, K, Kochergov, R, Kollotzek, H, Kraus, W, Lasnier, C, Laux, M, Leonard, A, Leuterer, F, Lorenz, A, Lorenzini, R, Maggi, C, Mank, K, Martines, E, Mast, K, Meisel, D, Meo, F, Merkl, D, Muck, A, Muller, H, Munich, M, Murmann, H, Na, Y, Neuhauser, J, Nguyen, F, Nishijima, D, Nishimura, Y, Nunes, I, Peeters, A, Pereverzev, G, Pinches, S, Proschek, M, Pugno, R, Quigley, E, Roth, J, Sandmann, W, Savtchkov, A, Schade, S, Schilling, H, Schneider, W, Schramm, G, Schwarz, E, Schweizer, S, Seidel, U, Serra, F, Sesnic, S, Sihler, C, Sips, A, Speth, E, Stabler, A, Steuer, K, Streibl, B, Tabasso, A, Tanga, A, Tichmann, C, Troppmann, M, Urano, H, Vollmer, O, Wenzel, U, Wesner, F, Westerhof, E, Wursching, E, Yoon, S, Zasche, D, Zehrfeld, H, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, ASDEX Upgrade Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society, EUROfusion MST1 Team, Adamek, J, Aho Mantila, L, Akaslompolo, S, Amdor, C, Bardin, S, Orte, L, Belonohy, E, Boom, J, Brochard, T, Bruedgam, M, Casson, F, Curran, D, da Silva, F, Eixenberger, H, Endstrasser, N, Gal, K, Munoz, M, da Graca, S, Hangan, D, Haertl, T, Hauff, T, Hoehnle, H, Ionita, C, Janzer, A, Kasparek, W, Kocan, M, Konz, C, Koslowski, R, Kubic, M, Kurki Suonio, T, Leipold, F, Lindig, S, Lisgo, S, Makkonen, T, Mehlmann, F, Menchero, L, Merz, F, Mueller, S, Mueller, H, Muenich, M, Neuwirth, D, Nold, B, Podoba, Y, Pompon, F, Polozhiy, K, Pueschel, M, Rathgeber, S, Rooij, G, Sauter, P, Sempf, M, Sommer, F, Staebler, A, Teschke, M, Tsalas, M, Van Zeeland, M, Veres, G, Viola, B, Vorpahl, C, Wachowski, M, Wauters, T, Weller, A, Wenninger, R, Wieland, B, Wuersching, E, Zhang, Y, Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, Max Planck IPP-EURATOM Assoziation, Universidade de Lisboa, Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Technical University of Munich, IRFM-CEA, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Université de Lorraine, and École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Materials science, Energies [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], 114 Physical sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Electron cyclotron resonance, H-MODE DISCHARGES, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, ASDEX Upgrade, overview, ASDEX Upgrade, law, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Physics::Plasma Physics, ITER, 0103 physical sciences, Fusió nuclear, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 010306 general physics, tokamak, DEMO, tokamak physic, Fusion reactions, nuclear fusion, Divertor, Magnetic confinement fusion, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Fusion power, Condensed Matter Physics, ___, Plasma parameter, Plasma diagnostics, Atomic physics, tokamak physics
Abstract: The ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) programme is directed towards physics input to critical elements of the ITER design and the preparation of ITER operation, as well as addressing physics issues for a future DEMO design. Since 2015, AUG is equipped with a new pair of 3-strap ICRF antennas, which were designed for a reduction of tungsten release during ICRF operation. As predicted, a factor two reduction on the ICRF-induced W plasma content could be achieved by the reduction of the sheath voltage at the antenna limiters via the compensation of the image currents of the central and side straps in the antenna frame. There are two main operational scenario lines in AUG. Experiments with low collisionality, which comprise current drive, ELM mitigation/suppression and fast ion physics, are mainly done with freshly boronized walls to reduce the tungsten influx at these high edge temperature conditions. Full ELM suppression and non-inductive operation up to a plasma current of I p = 0.8 MA could be obtained at low plasma density. Plasma exhaust is studied under conditions of high neutral divertor pressure and separatrix electron density, where a fresh boronization is not required. Substantial progress could be achieved for the understanding of the confinement degradation by strong D puffing and the improvement with nitrogen or carbon seeding. Inward/outward shifts of the electron density profile relative to the temperature profile effect the edge stability via the pressure profile changes and lead to improved/decreased pedestal performance. Seeding and D gas puffing are found to effect the core fueling via changes in a region of high density on the high field side (HFSHD). The integration of all above mentioned operational scenarios will be feasible and naturally obtained in a large device where the edge is more opaque for neutrals and higher plasma temperatures provide a lower collisionality. The combination of exhaust control with pellet fueling has been successfully demonstrated. High divertor enrichment values of nitrogen E N ⩾ 10 have been obtained during pellet injection, which is a prerequisite for the simultaneous achievement of good core plasma purity and high divertor radiation levels. Impurity accumulation observed in the all-metal AUG device caused by the strong neoclassical inward transport of tungsten in the pedestal is expected to be relieved by the higher neoclassical temperature screening in larger devices.

44. Photonics design with an EDA approach: Validation of layout waveguide interconnects

Author: Ian O'Connor, John G. Ferguson, Eric Cassan, H. Hu, Wim Bogaerts, Ruping Cao, Alexandre Arriordaz, John Cayo, Fedor G. Pikus, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University [Beijing] (THU), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies [Orsay] (C2N), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
Subjects: Silicon photonics, business.industry, Computer science, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Optoelectronics, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Photonics, Physical design, business, Integrated circuit layout, Waveguide (optics), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: This work demonstrates the use of commercial EDA toolsets for the measurement and validation of the layout of waveguide interconnects and the integration into a dedicated silicon photonics physical design flow.
Published: 2014

45. Hyperspectral analysis of ultrafast hot carrier dynamics in Pb-chalcogenide nanocrystals : a case for slow cooling

Author: Geiregat, Pieter, Houtepen, Arjan, Aerts, Michiel, Delerue, Christophe, Hens, Zeger, van Thourhout, Dries, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Deparment of Chemistry, Opto-electronic materials section, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Published: 2014

46. Near-thresholdless optical gain using colloidal HgTe quantum dots

Author: Geiregat, Pieter, Houtepen, Arjan J., Sagar, Laxmi Kishore, Delerue, Christophe, Grozema, Ferdinand C., Allan, Guy, Van Thourhout, Dries, Hens, Zeger, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Deparment of Chemistry, Opto-electronic materials section, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Published: 2014

47. Mid-IR heterogeneous silicon photonics

Author: Roelkens, G., Dave, U., Gassenq, A., Hattasan, N., Hu, C., Kuyken, B., Leo, F., Malik, A., Muneeb, M., Uvin, S., Hens, Z., Baets, R., Shimura, Y., Gencarelli, F., Vincent, B., Loo, R., Campenhout, J., Cerutti, L., Jean-Baptiste Rodriguez, Tournié, E., Chen, X., Nedelijkovic, M., Mashanovich, G., Shen, L., Healay, N., Peacock, A. C., Liu, X. P., Osgood, R., Green, W., Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Laboratoire d'Information Quantique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique - Laboratoire d'Hyperfréquences et Caractérisation (IMEP-LAHC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Composants à Nanostructure pour le moyen infrarouge (NANOMIR), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Eric, Dauverchain
Subjects: [SPI.TRON] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

48. Federation of internet experimentation facilities: architecture and implementation

Author: Wauters, Tim, Vermeulen, Brecht, Vandenberghe, Wim, Demeester, Piet, Taylor, Steve, Baron, Loïc, Smirnov, Mikhail, Al-Hazmi, Yahya, Willner, Alexander, Sawyer, Mark, Margery, David, Rakotoarivelo, Thierry, Vilela, F Lobillo, Stavropoulos, Donatos, Papagianni, Chrysa, Francois, Frederic, Bermudo, Carlos, Gavras, Anastasius, Davies, Dai, Lanza, Jorge, Park, Sueng-Yong, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), University of Southampton, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems (Fraunhofer FOKUS), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), Technische Universität Berlin (TU), EPCC [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, Design and Implementation of Autonomous Distributed Systems (MYRIADS), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SYSTÈMES LARGE ÉCHELLE (IRISA-D1), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Networks Research Group (NICTA), National ICT Australia Ltd, ATOS [madrid], ATOS Origin, University of Thessaly [Volos] (UTH), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), University of Bristol [Bristol], Fundació i2CAT (i2CAT), Eurescom GmbH, DANTE, Departmento de Matematica Aplicada y Ciencias de la Computacion, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], National Information Society Agency, European Project: 257386,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2009-5,BONFIRE(2010), European Project: 287938,ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-7,BONFIRE- ENLARGED EU(2011), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Technology and Engineering, IBCN, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC]
Abstract: International audience; Realistic experimentation facilities are indispensable to accelerate the design of novel Future Internet systems. As many of these ground-breaking new applications and services cover multiple innovation areas, the need for these solutions to be tested on cross-domain facilities with both novel infrastructure technologies and newly emerging service platforms is rising. The Fed4FIRE project therefore aims at federatingotherwise isolated experimentation facilities in order to foster synergies between research communities. Currently the federation includes over 15 facilities from the Future Internet Research and Experiment (FIRE) initiative, covering wired, wireless and sensor networks, SDN and OpenFlow, cloud computing, smart city services,etc.This paper presents the architecture and implementation details of the federation, based on an extensive set of requirements coming from infrastructure owners, service providers and support communities
Published: 2014

49. Manifesto of edge ICT fabric

Author: Wouter Tavernier, Yoav Tock, F. Callegari, Elisa Maini, Walter Cerroni, Koen Casier, Eliezer Dekel, Noel Crespi, Sofie Verbrugge, Ricardo Martinez, Raul Munoz, Ricard Vilalta, E. Kaempfer, Didier Colle, Antonio Manzalini, Roberto Minerva, Nicola Mazzocca, Ramon Casellas, Aldo Campi, Future Center (Telecom Italia S.p.A.) (TI), Communications and Storage Infrastructure Group (Intel Corporation), Department of electrical, electronic and information engineering 'GUGLIELMO MARCONI' [Bologna] (DEI), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Réseaux, Systèmes, Services, Sécurité (R3S-SAMOVAR), Services répartis, Architectures, MOdélisation, Validation, Administration des Réseaux (SAMOVAR), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP), Département Réseaux et Services Multimédia Mobiles (RS2M), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IBM Haifa Research Lab (IBM HRL), IBM R&D Labs in Israel, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya = Telecommunications Technological Centre of Catalonia (CTTC), Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Antonio Manzalini, Roberto Minerva, Eliezer Dekel, Yoav Tock, Ernest Kaempfer, Wouter Tavernier, Koen Casier, Sofie Verbrugge, Didier Colle, Franco Callegati, Aldo Campi, Walter Cerroni, Ricard Vilalta, Raul Muñoz, Ramon Casella, Ricardo Martinez, Noel Crespi (Institut Mines-Télécom, France), Nicola Mazzocca, and Elisa Maini
Subjects: Value (ethics), Manifesto, Software Defined Networking, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, Computer security, computer.software_genre, Competition (economics), SDN, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, business.industry, Information technology, 020206 networking & telecommunications, NfV, Incentive, Information and Communications Technology, Standard hardware, Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution, business, Software-defined networking, Telecommunications, Edge Networks, computer, Future networks
Abstract: International audience; Technology advances are making available huge amounts of processing, storage, networking capabilities at the edge (i.e., up to End-Users premises) of current networks. It is argued that these trends, coupled with new emerging paradigms such as Software Defined Networks, will impact deeply the evolution of future networks, allowing to design highly flexible architectures at the edge capable of creating a galaxy of new ICT business opportunities. This paper presents this vision by proposing a so-called "manifesto of Edge ICT Fabric": the sheer number of nodes, devices and systems being deployed at the edge, up to Users' premises, will create an ICT fabric offering an enormous processing and storage power. Using this Edge ICT fabric, which is closer to the Users, for executing network functions and services will bring several advantages, both in term of improved performance and cost savings (e.g., determined by the removal of middle-boxes). It is argued that incentives, cooperation and competition at the edge will boost the long-term value of networks: like in ecosystems, where evolution select the winning species, winning services will succeed, grow, and promote further investments, while losing ideas will fade away
Published: 2013

50. Silicon-based heterogeneous photonic integrated circuits for the mid-infrared

Author: Roger Loo, Benjamin Vincent, Sarah Uvin, Eva Ryckeboer, Bart Kuyken, Richard M. Osgood, Xia Chen, Zeger Hens, Joris Van Campenhout, Yosuke Shimura, Utsav D. Dave, Nannicha Hattasan, Noel Healy, Aditya Malik, Roel Baets, Chen Hu, Muhammad Muneeb, Goran Z. Mashanovich, Eric Tournié, Gunther Roelkens, Laurent Cerutti, François Leo, Li Shen, W. M. J. Green, Alban Gassenq, Jean-Baptiste Rodriguez, Anna C. Peacock, Federica Gencarelli, Milos Nedeljkovic, Xiaoping Liu, Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Information Technology (INTEC), IMEC, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'optimisation des Systèmes (LIMOS), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Composants à Nanostructure pour le moyen infrarouge (NANOMIR), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne (ENSM ST-ETIENNE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Technology and Engineering, Silicon, SPECTROMETERS, PHOTODETECTORS, Photodetector, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, Germanium, 02 engineering and technology, Epitaxy, ON-INSULATOR, 01 natural sciences, GAINASSB PHOTODIODES, GERMANIUM, law.invention, 010309 optics, Resonator, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, RESONATORS, law, 0103 physical sciences, SI, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, CHIP, Photonic integrated circuit, Nonlinear optics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, INSULATOR WAVE-GUIDE, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, chemistry, Optoelectronics, LASER, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: In this paper we present our recent work on mid-infrared photonic integrated circuits for spectroscopic sensing applications. We discuss the use of silicon-based photonic integrated circuits for this purpose and detail how a variety of optical functions in the mid-infrared besides passive waveguiding and filtering can be realized, either relying on nonlinear optics or on the integration of other materials such as GaSb-based compound semiconductors, GeSn epitaxy and PbS colloidal nanoparticles.
Published: 2013

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