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1. Structure and Dynamics of Lithosphere and Asthenosphere in Asia: A Seismological Perspective

Author: Ma, Jincheng, Bunge, Hans‐Peter, Fichtner, Andreas, Chang, Sung‐Joon, Tian, You, 1 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München Munich Germany, 2 Department of Earth Sciences ETH Zürich Zurich Switzerland, 3 Department of Geophysics Kangwon National University Chuncheon South Korea, and 4 College of Geoexploration Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun China
Subjects: Geophysics, Asia, lithosphere dynamics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, seismic structure, ddc:551.1, asthenosphere dynamics
Abstract: Knowledge of lithospheric structure is essential for understanding the impact of continental collision and oceanic subduction on surface tectonic configurations. Full‐waveform tomographic images reveal lateral heterogeneities and anisotropy of the lithosphere and asthenosphere in Asia. Estimating lithospheric thickness from seismic velocity reductions at depth exhibits large variations underneath different tectonic units. The thickest cratonic roots are present beneath the Sichuan, Ordos, and Tarim basins and central India. Radial anisotropy signatures of 11 representative tectonic provinces uncover the different nature and geodynamic processes of their respective past and present deformation. The large‐scale continental lithospheric deformation is characterized by low‐velocity anomalies from the Himalayan Orogen to the Baikal rift zone in central Asia, coupled with the post‐collision thickening of the crust. The horizontal low‐velocity layer of ∼100–300 km depth extent below the lithosphere points toward the existence of the asthenosphere beneath East and Southeast Asia, with heterogeneous anisotropy indicative of channel flows., Plain Language Summary: The lithospheric plates, like mosaics of the Earth’s surface, are moving coherently over the weaker, convecting asthenosphere. The lithospheric structure and thickness dictated by mantle dynamics play a first‐order role in understanding the active tectonics and morphological evolution of the Asian region. Here, the latest high‐resolution full‐waveform tomographic model, SinoScope 1.0, is employed to investigate the seismic structure and dynamics of the lithosphere and asthenosphere from a seismological perspective. The lithospheric thickness of known various geological units and cratonic blocks is retrieved with large variability. The observed anisotropic signatures within the lithosphere and asthenosphere provide important constraints on the deformation state and history of different tectonic provinces. The India‐Eurasia collision primarily induced large‐scale lithospheric deformation and thickening of the crust in the west of the North‐South Gravity Lineament. The narrow low‐velocity layer below the lithosphere lies beneath East and Southeast Asia and is bounded by subduction trenches and cratonic blocks, which provides seismic evidence for the low‐viscosity asthenosphere that partially decouples plates from mantle flow beneath and allows plate tectonics to work above. The lithospheric thinning and extension, intensive magmatism, and mineralization are potentially associated with the strong interaction between the lithosphere and asthenospheric flow in the eastern Asian margin., Key Points: Full‐waveform tomographic images reveal lateral heterogeneities and anisotropy in the lithosphere and asthenosphere beneath the Asian region. India‐Eurasia collision induced large‐scale low‐velocity anomaly and crustal thickening spanning from the Himalayas to the Baikal rift zone. Asthenosphere in East and SE Asia exhibits strong vsh, > vsv, and partially decouples lithosphere, bounded by subduction trench and cratonic keels., China Scholarship Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004543, National Natural Science Foundation of China http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003629, National Research Foundation of Korea http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003725
Published: 2023

2. Spatio‐Temporal Level Variations of the Martian Seasonal North Polar Cap From Co‐Registration of MOLA Profiles

Author: Xiao, Haifeng, Stark, Alexander, Schmidt, Frédéric, Hao, Jingyan, Steinbrügge, Gregor, Wagner, Nicholas L., Su, Shu, Cheng, Yuan, Oberst, Jürgen, 2 Institute of Planetary Research German Aerospace Center (DLR) Berlin Germany, 3 Université Paris‐Saclay CNRS GEOPS Orsay France, 5 Division of Space Technology Luleå University of Technology Kiruna Space Campus Norrbotten County Sweden, 7 Department of Geophysics Stanford University Stanford CA USA, 8 Department of Geosciences Baylor University Waco TX USA, 9 College of Surveying and Geo‐Informatics Tongji University Shanghai China, and 1 Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
Subjects: ddc:523, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, MOLA, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Mars, Laser Altimeter, seasonal polar cap, North Polar Cap, CO2 ice, level variation, pseudo cross‐over
Abstract: The seasonal deposition and sublimation of CO2 constitute a major element in Martian volatile cycles. We reprocess the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) data and apply co‐registration procedures to obtain spatio‐temporal variations in levels of the Seasonal North Polar Cap (SNPC). The maximum level over the Residual North Polar Cap (RNPC) is 1.3 m, approximately half of that at the south pole (2.5 m). However, the maximum level in the dune fields at Olympia Undae can be up to 3.8 m. Furthermore, off‐season decreases up to 3 m during the northern winter at Olympia Undae are observed. These are likely due to metamorphism effects accentuated by the reduced snowfall at this period. Meanwhile, off‐season increases of up to 2 m during the northern spring are noted, the cause of which remains to be explored. The volume of the SNPC peaks at the end of northern winter and is estimated to be approximately 9.6 × 1012 m3, which is 2% more than that of the Seasonal South Polar Cap. The bulk density of the SNPC can go through phased decreases in accordance with phased accumulation at northern high‐latitudes. These findings can put important constraints on the Martian volatile cycling models., Plain Language Summary: Due to its axial tilt, seasons also exist on Mars. Up to one third of the atmosphere's CO2 is in annual exchange with the polar regions through seasonal deposition/sublimation processes. Here, we make use of previously proposed approaches of analyzing the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter profiles and obtain spatio‐temporal level variations of the Seasonal North Polar Cap (SNPC). Particularly, we bring attention to abnormal behavior of the SNPC in the dune fields at Olympia Undae. Maximum level there can be all the way up to 4 m which is much higher than a maximum of 1.5 m over the Residual North Polar Cap. Meanwhile, off‐season decreases during the northern winter with magnitudes up to 3 m and off‐season increases during the northern spring of magnitudes up to 2 m are observed. These could possibly be related to metamorphism of the seasonal deposits and phased snowfall. The maximum volume of the SNPC is constrained to be 9.6 × 1012 m3. The bulk density of the SNPC does not continuously increase as previously assumed but can go through phased decreases in accordance with phased snowfall at the north pole. These findings can put important constraints on the Martian climate models., Key Points: Through co‐registration of laser altimetry profiles, spatio‐temporal level variations of the Seasonal North Polar Cap (SNPC) of Mars are obtained. Maximum level of the SNPC can be up to 3.8 m at Olympia Undae and up to 1.3 m over the Residual North Polar Cap. Northern winter decreases of up to 3 m and northern spring increases of up to 2 m are observed at Olympia Undae., China Scholarship Council, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Institut National des Sciences de l’Univers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, https://doi.org/10.17632/x953mzxxvv.1, https://doi.org/10.17632/z59b9nd6s9.2, https://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/mgs/pedr.html, https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/pds/data/mgs-m-spice-6-v1.0/mgsp_1000/data/, https://www.uahirise.org/hiwish/browse
Published: 2022

3. Climate Change and Weather Extremes in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East

Author: Zittis, G., Almazroui, M., Alpert, P., Ciais, P., Cramer, W., Dahdal, Y., Fnais, M., Francis, D., Hadjinicolaou, P., Howari, F., Jrrar, A., Kaskaoutis, D. G., Kulmala, M., Lazoglou, G., Mihalopoulos, N., Lin, X., Rudich, Y., Sciare, J., Stenchikov, G., Xoplaki, E., Lelieveld, J., 1 Climate and Atmosphere Research Center (CARE‐C) The Cyprus Institute Nicosia Cyprus, 2 Center of Excellence for Climate Change Research Department of Meteorology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia, 3 Department of Geophysics Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel, 5 Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE) Aix Marseille University CNRS IRD Avignon University Aix‐en‐Provence France, 6 Nature Palestine Society Jerusalem Palestine, 7 College of Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia, 8 Environmental and Geophysical Sciences (ENGEOS) Lab Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi UAE, 9 College of Natural and Health Sciences (CNHS) Zayed University Abu Dhabi UAE, 10 Computational E‐Research Unit Advanced Research Centre Royal Scientific Society Amman Jordan, 11 Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development National Observatory of Athens Athens Greece, 13 Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR/Physics) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland, 4 Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE) Institut Pierre Simon Laplace Paris France, 14 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel, 15 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia, 16 Department of Geography Justus Liebig University Giessen Giessen Germany, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), and Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: N. Mihalopoulos, E. Xoplaki Methodology: G. Zittis, E. Xoplaki Formal analysis: G. Zittis, P. Hadjinicolaou, G. Lazoglou, D. G. Kaskaoutis, D. Francis, M. Almazroui, M. Kulmala, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, E. Xoplaki, F. Howari, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, J. Lelieveld Project Administration: G. Zittis, P. Ciais, Y. Rudich, X. Lin, Y. Dahdal, A. Jrrar, E. Xoplaki Funding acquisition: J. Sciare Investigation: G. Zittis, Geophysics, ddc:551.6, G. Zittis, J. Lelieveld Data curation: G. Zittis, M. Fnais, P. Alpert
Abstract: Observation‐based and modeling studies have identified the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East (EMME) region as a prominent climate change hotspot. While several initiatives have addressed the impacts of climate change in parts of the EMME, here we present an updated assessment, covering a wide range of timescales, phenomena and future pathways. Our assessment is based on a revised analysis of recent observations and projections and an extensive overview of the recent scientific literature on the causes and effects of regional climate change. Greenhouse gas emissions in the EMME are growing rapidly, surpassing those of the European Union, hence contributing significantly to climate change. Over the past half‐century and especially during recent decades, the EMME has warmed significantly faster than other inhabited regions. At the same time, changes in the hydrological cycle have become evident. The observed recent temperature increase of about 0.45°C per decade is projected to continue, although strong global greenhouse gas emission reductions could moderate this trend. In addition to projected changes in mean climate conditions, we call attention to extreme weather events with potentially disruptive societal impacts. These include the strongly increasing severity and duration of heatwaves, droughts and dust storms, as well as torrential rain events that can trigger flash floods. Our review is complemented by a discussion of atmospheric pollution and land‐use change in the region, including urbanization, desertification and forest fires. Finally, we identify sectors that may be critically affected and formulate adaptation and research recommendations toward greater resilience of the EMME region to climate change., Key Points: The Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East is warming almost two times faster than the global average and other inhabited parts of the world. Climate projections indicate a future warming, strongest in summers. Precipitation will likely decrease, particularly in the Mediterranean. Virtually all socio‐economic sectors will be critically affected by the projected changes., European Union Horizon 2020, https://esg-dn1.nsc.liu.se/search/esgf-liu/
Published: 2022

4. Continental Break‐Up Under a Convergent Setting: Insights From P Wave Radial Anisotropy Tomography of the Woodlark Rift in Papua New Guinea

Author: Yu, Youqiang, Tilmann, Frederik, Zhao, Dapeng, Gao, Stephen S., Liu, Kelly H., 2 GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany, 5 Department of Geophysics Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan, and 3 Geology and Geophysics Program Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO USA
Subjects: Geophysics, radial anisotropy, slab downwelling, ddc:551, 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Woodlark rift, decompression melting, slab‐pull, ultra‐high pressure rock
Abstract: To explore the dynamic mechanism of continental rifting within a convergent setting, we determine the first P wave radial anisotropic tomography beneath the Woodlark rift in southeastern Papua New Guinea, which develops within the obliquely colliding zone between the Australian and southwest Pacific plates. The rift zone is depicted as localized low‐velocity anomalies with positive radial anisotropy, which rules out a dominant role of active mantle upwelling in promoting the rift development and favors passive rifting with decompression melting as main processes. Downwelling slab relics in the upper mantle bounding the rift zone are revealed based on observed high‐velocity anomalies and negative radial anisotropy, which may contribute to the ultra‐high pressure rock exhumations and rift initiation. Our observations thus indicate that the Woodlark rift follows a passive model and is mainly driven by slab pull from the northward subduction of the Solomon plate., Plain Language Summary: The Woodlark rift in Papua New Guinea develops within the shear zone between the Australian and southwest Pacific plates and is one of the youngest and most rapidly extending continental rifts in the world. In this work, we analyze teleseismic P wave arrivals to study both 3‐D velocity and radial anisotropy structures of the upper mantle, offering new evidence to understand rift initiation under a generally convergent setting. Slab remnants in the upper mantle bordering the rift zone are detected and sinking into the deeper mantle. Downwelling of these slab segments may induce small scale return flows in the mantle and contribute to exhumation of the ultra‐high pressure rocks and rift development. Significant low‐velocity anomalies are revealed beneath the rift zone and have consistently positive radial anisotropy, which indicates a dominant strain in the horizontal plane and supports a passive rifting model, where mantle material is brought to shallower depths simply as a result of the extension of the lithosphere and melt is produced due to the lowered melting point at reduced pressure (decompression melting). Tensional stresses transferred from slab pull of the northward Solomon subduction are probably driving the rifting., Key Points: P wave radial anisotropic structure beneath the young and highly extended Woodlark rift is constrained from teleseismic tomography. Downwelling of slab relics bordering the rift zone may contribute to ultra‐high pressure rock exhumation and rift development. Slab‐pull drives rift initiation and induces decompression melting in the upper mantle under the rift zone by horizontal stress transfer., National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Science Foundation (NSF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001, MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691, Alexander von Humboldt‐Stiftung (Humboldt‐Stiftung) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005156, https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/XD_1999, https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/ZN_2010
Published: 2022

5. Seismic Full‐Waveform Inversion of the Crust‐Mantle Structure Beneath China and Adjacent Regions

Author: Ma, Jincheng, Bunge, Hans‐Peter, Thrastarson, Solvi, Fichtner, Andreas, Herwaarden, Dirk‐Philip van, Tian, You, Chang, Sung‐Joon, Liu, Tingting, 1 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München Munich Germany, 2 Department of Earth Sciences ETH Zürich Zurich Switzerland, 3 College of Geoexploration Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun China, 4 Department of Geophysics Kangwon National University Chuncheon South Korea, and 5 Geophysical Institute Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
Subjects: Asia, Geophysics, ddc:550, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Physics, seismic tomography, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), ddc:530, computional seismology, lithosphere, mantle
Abstract: We present the first‐generation full‐waveform tomographic model (SinoScope 1.0) for the crust‐mantle structure beneath China and adjacent regions. The three‐component seismograms from 410 earthquakes recorded at 2,427 stations are employed in iterative gradient‐based inversions for three successively broadened period bands of 70–120 s, 50–120 s, and 30–120 s. Synthetic seismograms were computed using GPU‐accelerated spectral‐element simulations of seismic wave propagation in 3‐D anelastic models, and Fréchet derivatives were calculated based on an adjoint‐state method facilitated by a checkpointing algorithm. The inversion involved 352 iterations, which required 18,600 wavefield simulations. SinoScope 1.0 is described in terms of isotropic P‐wave (VP), horizontally and vertically polarized S‐wave velocities (VSH and VSV), and mass density (ρ), which are independently constrained with the same data set coupled with a stochastic L‐BFGS quasi‐Newton optimization scheme. It systematically reduced differences between observed and synthetic full‐length seismograms. We performed a detailed resolution analysis by repairing input random parametric perturbations, indicating that resolution lengths can approach the half propagated wavelength within the well‐covered areas. SinoScope 1.0 reveals strong lateral heterogeneities in the lithosphere, and features correlate well with geological observations, such as sedimentary basins, Holocene volcanoes, Tibetan Plateau, Philippine Sea Plate, and various tectonic units. The asthenosphere lies below the lithosphere beneath East and Southeast Asia, bounded by subduction trenches and cratonic blocks. Furthermore, we observe an enhanced image of well‐known slabs along strongly curved subduction zones, which do not exist in the initial model., Plain Language Summary: Subduction (a geological process where the oceanic lithosphere descends into the Earth's mantle at convergent boundaries) has been the dominant plate‐tectonic process in the broad Asian region since the Mesozoic (252–66 million years ago). The nature of cold subducting slabs and hot mantle flows can record and affect the tectonic evolution of the overriding lithospheric plates. In this study, we conduct the full waveform inversion on a large data set to image the crust‐mantle structure of this region. The computationally demanding simulations were performed on two of the world's fastest supercomputing facilities. Our new model delivers seismic illumination of the region at unprecedented resolution and exhibits sharper and more detailed shear wave velocity structure in the lithosphere with greatly improved correlations with surface tectonic units compared to previous tomographic models. The narrow low‐velocity layer (generally referred to as asthenosphere) below the lithosphere is present beneath East and Southeast Asia, bounded by subduction trenches and cratonic blocks. The continuous and intense subduction processes are responsible for high‐velocity anomalous bodies in the mantle and the formation of the asthenosphere mentioned above., Key Points: We construct a new full‐waveform tomographic model of the broad Asian region for 30–120 s period via adjoint and spectral‐element methods. The resolution analysis shows reasonably good resolution in the frequency band of interest and limited trade‐offs between model parameters. Our model shed new light on the subsurface behavior of cold subducting slabs & hot mantle flows and their relation to the overriding plates., China Scholarship Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004543, Swiss National Supercomputing Center, European Unions Horizon 2020, The Collaborative Seismic Earth Model, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program, Korean Government, Ministry of Education, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6597380
Published: 2022
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6. EVALUATION OF MAGNETIC DATA OF AN EMERY BEARING ORE FIELD BY EDGE DETECTION METHODS: MUĞLA, TÜRKİYE EXAMPLE

Author: ÖKSÜM, Erdinç, SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, JEOFİZİK MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, DOLMAZ, M. Nuri, DEMİR, Muhterem, Süleyman Demirel University, PHAM, Luan, and Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
Subjects: Manyetik,Zımpara Taşı,Milas-Muğla, Magnetic,Emery Rock,Milas-Muğla
Abstract: Emery rocks occurs naturally in the Aegean region, mostly in Turkey and Greece. The Menderes Massif located to the western part of Turkey bears several Fe-rich emery ore deposits. One of the important ore deposits is seen at southern Kayabaşı village, Milas, SW Turkey. Since emery rocks are mainly composed of alumina and iron minerals, they cause measurable magnetic anomalies. This study aims to investigate the localization and continuity of potential emery resources in a local area of 150 x 200 m in a mining site in the SW of Kayabaşı Village. For this purpose, magnetic field, which is one of the geophysical potential field data, were measured in the study area. Four different analysis techniques based on the analytical signal, the analytical signal of the horizontal derivatives, the tilt angle of the total horizontal gradient and the logistic function of the total horizontal gradient have been applied within the scope of the edge detection to determine the positions of the structures that are the source of the magnetic anomalies of the study area. With the interpretation of the obtained analysis maps together, it was observed that there were generally shallow-sourced structural elements in the east of the study area and relatively deeper-sourced structural elements in the west., Doğal zımpara taşları çoğunlukla Türkiye’de Ege bölgesinde ve Yunanistan’da görülür. Türkiye’nin batısında yer alan Menderes Masifi demir bakımından zengin zımpara taşı yatakları içermektedir. Önemli zımpara taşı yataklarından biri, GB Türkiye’de Milas’ın KB da yer alan Kayabaşı köyü güneyinde görülmektedir. Zımpara taşları bünyesinde çoğunlukla alüminyum ve demir mineralleri içerdiği için ölçülebilir manyetik anomalilere neden olabilmektedir. Bu çalışma, Kayabaşı Köyü GB’da yer alan bir maden sahasının 150 x 200 m boyutlarında lokal bir bölgesinde potansiyel zımpara taşı kaynaklarının yer altındaki konumlarının ve devamlılıklarının araştırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda inceleme sahasında jeofizik potansiyel alan verilerinden olan manyetik alan verilerinin ölçümleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sahasının manyetik anomalilerine kaynak olan yapıların konumlarının tespiti için sınır analizleri kapsamında analitik sinyal, yatay türevlerin analitik sinyali, toplam yatay gradyanın tilt açısı ve yatay gradyanın lojistik fonksiyonu esasına dayanan dört farklı analiz tekniği uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sınır analizleri haritalarının birlikte yorumlanması ile inceleme alanının doğusunda genel olarak sığ kaynaklı yapısal unsurların, batısında ise göreceli olarak daha derin kaynaklı yapısal unsurların varlığı gözlemlenmiştir.
Published: 2021

7. Determination of the lunar body tide from global laser altimetry data

Author: Thor, Robin N., Kallenbach, Reinald, Christensen, Ulrich R., Gläser, Philipp, Stark, Alexander, Steinbrügge, Gregor, Oberst, Jürgen, Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany, DLR Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany, and Department of Geophysics, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
Subjects: ddc:523, ddc:629, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Lunar orbiter, Laser altimetry, LRO, Laser Altimeter, Lunar interior, Tides, 01 natural sciences, Geochemistry and Petrology, 0103 physical sciences, Altimeter, Computers in Earth Sciences, Moon, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Planetengeodäsie, Inversion (meteorology), Geodesy, Geophysics, ddc:520, Planetare Sensorsysteme, Love number, Geology, Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter
Abstract: We use global data from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) to retrieve the lunar tidal Love number h2 and find h2 = 0.0387 ± 0.0025. This result is in agreement with previous estimates from laser altimetry using crossover points of LOLA profiles. The Love numbers k2 and h2 are key constraints on planetary interior models. We further develop and apply a retrieval method based on a simultaneous inversion for the topography and the tidal signal benefiting from the large volume of LOLA data. By the application to the lunar tides, we also demonstrate the potential of the method for future altimetry experiments at other planetary bodies. The results of this study are very promising with respect to the determination of Mercury’s and Ganymede’s h2 from future altimeter measurements., DLR Space Administration, International Max Planck Research School on Solar System Science at the University of Göttingen, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
Published: 2020

8. Remote Detection of Drift Resonance Between Energetic Electrons and Ultralow Frequency Waves: Multisatellite Coordinated Observation by Arase and Van Allen Probes

Author: Institute for Space‐Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan, Institute for Space‐Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, Research and Development Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba, Japan, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, Japan, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka, Japan, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan, National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan, Polar Environment Data Science Center, Joint Support‐Center for Data Science Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Tachikawa, Japan, Department of Polar Science, School of Multidisciplinary Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Tachikawa, Japan, Kagoshima National College of Technology, Kirishima, Japan, Space Sciences and Applications Laboratory, Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA, USA, Space Sciences and Applications Laboratory, Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA, USA, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Department of Geophysics, Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Teramoto, M., Hori, T., Saito, S., Miyoshi, Y., Kurita, S., Higashio, N., Matsuoka, A., Kasahara, Y., Kasaba, Y., Takashima, T., Nomura, R., Nosé, M., Fujimoto, A., Tanaka, Y.‐M., Shoji, M., Tsugawa, Y., Shinohara, M., Shinohara, I., B.Blake, J., Fennell, J.F., Claudepierre, S.G., Turner, D.L., Kletzing, C.A., Sormakov, D., Troshichev, O., Institute for Space‐Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan, Institute for Space‐Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, Research and Development Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba, Japan, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, Japan, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka, Japan, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan, National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan, Polar Environment Data Science Center, Joint Support‐Center for Data Science Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Tachikawa, Japan, Department of Polar Science, School of Multidisciplinary Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Tachikawa, Japan, Kagoshima National College of Technology, Kirishima, Japan, Space Sciences and Applications Laboratory, Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA, USA, Space Sciences and Applications Laboratory, Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA, USA, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Department of Geophysics, Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Teramoto, M., Hori, T., Saito, S., Miyoshi, Y., Kurita, S., Higashio, N., Matsuoka, A., Kasahara, Y., Kasaba, Y., Takashima, T., Nomura, R., Nosé, M., Fujimoto, A., Tanaka, Y.‐M., Shoji, M., Tsugawa, Y., Shinohara, M., Shinohara, I., B.Blake, J., Fennell, J.F., Claudepierre, S.G., Turner, D.L., Kletzing, C.A., Sormakov, D., and Troshichev, O.
Abstract: type:Journal Article, We report the electron flux modulations without corresponding magnetic fluctuations from unique multipoint satellite observations of the Arase (Exploration of Energization and Radiation in Geospace) and the Van Allen Probe (Radiation Belt Storm Probe [RBSP])‐B satellites. On 30 March 2017, both Arase and RBSP‐B observed periodic fluctuations in the relativistic electron flux with energies ranging from 500 keV to 2 MeV when they were located near the magnetic equator in the morning and dusk local time sectors, respectively. Arase did not observe Pc5 pulsations, while they were observed by RBSP‐B. The clear dispersion signature of the relativistic electron fluctuations observed by Arase indicates that the source region is limited to the postnoon to the dusk sector. This is confirmed by RBSP‐B and ground‐magnetometer observations, where Pc5 pulsations are observed to drift‐resonate with relativistic electrons on the duskside. Thus, Arase observed the drift‐resonance signatures “remotely,” whereas RBSP‐B observed them “locally.”
Published: 2020

9. Earth’s crust of large deposits of non-ferrous metals in Bulgaria

Author: Yosifov, D.; Scientific and Technical Union for Mining, Geology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Radichev, R.; Mining and Geological University "St. Ivan Rilski", Department "Applied Geophysics", Sofia, Yosifov, D.; Scientific and Technical Union for Mining, Geology and Metallurgy, Sofia, and Radichev, R.; Mining and Geological University "St. Ivan Rilski", Department "Applied Geophysics", Sofia
Abstract: The proposed publication explores the main results of the study of the Earth’s crust in the largest ore regions in Bulgaria — Panagyurishte and Central Rhodopes. The concept of its continental type has been confirmed, and the more significant accomplishments can be summarized as follows. À number of ruptures of the Moho boundary, characterized by considerable vertical amplitude (from 7—8 to 13—14 km) have been proven, which facilitate and catalyze the endogenous processes, including ore formation one. A large (unique) density of the Earth’s crust layering in depth has been established. Besides the known mantle faults, limiting the main longitudinal tectonic units (the Maritsa fault zone and the Sub-Balkan fault), two more are identified — the South Sredna Gora and the South-Rhodopes ones. From their intersection with the sub-meridional ore concentrating structures (the Panagyurishte and the Central-Rhodopes ones) core-mantle nods are formed and the main ore fields are located in their ranges. As a whole, the Earth’s crust in the studied ore regions is characterized by gradient changes in its depth structure, represented by large fragmentation, high endogenous permeability, intensive magma saturation and significant ore-bearing potential., У запропонованій публікації розглядаються основні результати досліджень будови земної кори в найбільших рудних районах Болгарії - Панагюрського і Центрально-родопських. Підтверджено уявлення про її континентальному типі. Доведено наявність ряду розривів розділу Мохо, що відрізняються значною вертикальної амплітудою (від 7-8 до 13-14 км), які підсилюють і каталізують ендогенні процеси, включно і рудообразующие. Встановлено велика щільність глибинних розривів кори, причому крім відомих мантійних розломів, що обмежують основні поздовжні тектонічні одиниці (Марішскій тектонічний шов і Забалканського розломна зона) намічені ще два таких: Південно-Средногорскій і Південно-Родопский. У місцях їх перетину з субмеридіональними рудоконцентрірующімі структурами (Панагюрського і Центрально-родопських) утворилися коромантійний тектонічні вузли, в ареалах яких розташовуються основні рудні поля. Земна кора в досліджуваних рудних районах характеризується градієнтними змінами її глибинної структури, представленими великий тектонічної роздробленістю, високою ендогенної проникністю, інтенсивної магмонасищенностью і значним за своїми масштабами рудоносних потенціалом., Предлагаемая публикация исследует основные результаты изучения земной коры в крупнейших рудных районах Болгарии - Панагюриште и Центральных Родопах. Была подтверждена концепция его континентального типа, и более значительные достижения можно резюмировать следующим образом. Было доказано количество разрывов границы Мохо, характеризующихся значительной вертикальной амплитудой (от 7-8 до 13-14 км), которые облегчают и катализируют эндогенные процессы, в том числе рудообразование. Установлена большая (уникальная) плотность глубины земной коры. Помимо известных мантийных разломов, ограничивающих основные продольные тектонические единицы (зона разлома Марица и суббалканская разлома), идентифицированы еще две - Южная Средна Гора и Южно-Родопские. С их пересечения с субмеридиональными рудоконцентрирующими структурами (Панагюриште и Центрально-Родопскими) образуются ядро-мантийные кивки, а основные рудные поля расположены в их хребтах. В целом земная кора в изученных рудных районах характеризуется градиентными изменениями в ее структуре глубин, что характеризуется большой фрагментацией, высокой эндогенной проницаемостью, интенсивной магматической насыщенностью и значительным рудоносным потенциалом.
Published: 2018

10. Contribution of Heat Fluxes on Cyclone Narelle as Simulated by a Mesoscale Model

Author: Ilhamsyah, Yopi; Department of Marine Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Lindiasfika, Frinsa; Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Bey, Ahmad; Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Setiawan, Ichsan; Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, ., Rizwan; Department of Capture Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, M. Affan, Junaidi; Department of Capture Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Ilhamsyah, Yopi; Department of Marine Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Lindiasfika, Frinsa; Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Bey, Ahmad; Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Setiawan, Ichsan; Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, ., Rizwan; Department of Capture Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, and M. Affan, Junaidi; Department of Capture Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh
Abstract: Heat fluxes from oceanic evaporation particularly latent heat is important to drive the formation and intensification of Cyclone Narelle. The research was carried out by introducing a mesoscale model, namely Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF). One domain with spatial resolution at 10 km was utilized in the model. The model involved significant physical parameters, e.g., Kain-Fritsch in the cumulus scheme, Yonsei University in the Planetary Boundary Layer scheme, and WRF Single-Moment 3-class in the microphysics scheme. The analysis focused on January 8th to 14th upon all stages of Narelle. The result showed that Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) higher than 26°C was a favorable environment for Cylone Narelle to form. Surface sensible and latent heat fluxes have strong positive correlation with wind speed and SST. It can be concluded that these variables were highly correlated with surface heat flux that further lead to the formation and intensification of Cyclone Narelle in early January 2013 over South Indian Ocean. The tracks and stages of the model are nearly similar to the observations, the differences are found in late phases of Narelle. Keywords: Latent heat; WRF; SST; Sensible heat; Wind speed
Published: 2014

11. An assessment of the relative importance of body and plasma properties in determining the ion current distribution in the wake of an ionospheric satellite

Author: Space Physics Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, U.S.A.; Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel, Samir, Uri, Kaufman, Yoram J., Space Physics Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, U.S.A.; Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel, Samir, Uri, and Kaufman, Yoram J.
Abstract: Measurements of ion currents (I+), electron temperatures (Te), values of satellite potential ([phi]s), ion concentrations (N+), and composition (M+), from the cylindrical electrostatic probe and the Bennett ion mass spectrometer on board the AE-C satellite were used in order to assess the degree and range of applicability of some simple theoretical wake models. The experimental results cover the plasma properties and parameter ranges: 1 x 104 N+(ambient) 5 cm-3,760[deg] KTe K, 0.1 s|V, 31 RD () AV {[triple bond] } While the present investigation is subject to limitations, partly due to the above mentioned mathematical and physical simplifications and partly due to idealized body geometry, results were obtained which can be useful in the planning of space plasma physics experiments (in the area of flow interactions of supersonic and sub-Alfvenic plasmas with bodies) on board the spacelab/shuttle and/or any other large space platforms. The present investigation is an approximate theory-experiment comparison carried out in a parametric manner. We find that the relative H+ concentration and electron temperature are very significant (compared with other plasma properties and parameters) in determining the ion distribution in the wake of an ionospheric satellite in quite a wide range of altitudes. We also find that for ionospheric plasmas where the H+ concentration is in excess of 30%, the ion distribution in the wake can `satisfactorily' be described by a simple `neutral approximation' model. This is in agreement with the theoretical predictions of (1976) and et al. (1970). Furthermore, we find that a combined approximation which is a weighted sum of a neutral approximation for the H+ contribution and a quasi-neutral approximation for the O+ contribution gives better results than any of these approximations separately.
Published: 2006

12. A critical review of Electric Earthquake Precursors

Author: Tzanis, A.; Department of Geophysics and Geothermy, University of Athens, Greece, Vallianatos, F.; Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Chania Branch, Chania, Greece, Tzanis, A.; Department of Geophysics and Geothermy, University of Athens, Greece, and Vallianatos, F.; Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Chania Branch, Chania, Greece
Abstract: The generation of transient electric potential prior to rupture has been demonstrated in a number of laboratory experiments involving both dry and wet rock specimens. Several different electrification effects are responsible for these observations, but how these may scale up co-operatively in large heterogeneous rock volumes, to produce observable macroscopic signals, is still incompletely understood. Accordingly, the nature and properties of possible Electric Earthquake Precursors (EEP) are still inadequately understood. For a long time observations have been fragmentary, narrow band and oligo-parametric (for instance, the magnetic field was not routinely measured). In general, the discrimination of purported EEP signals relied on "experience" and ad hoc empirical rules that could be shown unable to guarantee the validity of the data. In consequence, experimental studies have produced a prolific variety of signal shape, complexity and duration but no explanation for the apparently indefinite diversity. A set of inconsistent or conflicting ideas attempted to explain such observations, including different concepts about the EEP source region (near the observer or at the earthquake focus) and propagation (frequently assumed to be guided by peculiar geoelectric structure). Statistics was also applied to establish the "beyond chance" association between presumed EEP signals and earthquakes. In the absence of well constrained data, this approach ended up with intense debate and controversy but no useful results. The response of the geophysical community was scepticism and by the mid-90's, the very existence of EEP was debated. At that time, a major re-thinking of EEP research began to take place, with reformulation of its queries and objectives and refocusing on the exploration of fundamental concepts, less on field experiments. The first encouraging results began to appear in the last two years of the 20th century. Observation technologies are mature and can guarantee r

13. First observations of core-transiting seismic phases on Mars

Author: Jessica C. E. Irving, Vedran Lekić, Cecilia Durán, Mélanie Drilleau, Doyeon Kim, Attilio Rivoldini, Amir Khan, Henri Samuel, Daniele Antonangeli, William Bruce Banerdt, Caroline Beghein, Ebru Bozdağ, Savas Ceylan, Constantinos Charalambous, John Clinton, Paul Davis, Raphaël Garcia, null Domenico Giardini, Anna Catherine Horleston, Quancheng Huang, Kenneth J. Hurst, Taichi Kawamura, Scott D. King, Martin Knapmeyer, Jiaqi Li, Philippe Lognonné, Ross Maguire, Mark P. Panning, Ana-Catalina Plesa, Martin Schimmel, Nicholas C. Schmerr, Simon C. Stähler, Eleonore Stutzmann, Zongbo Xu, University of Bristol, School of Earth Sciences, Department of Geology, University of Maryland, Institute of Geophysics [ETH Zürich], Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics & Department of Geophysics, Colorado School of Mines, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom, Swiss Seismological Service [ETH Zurich] (SED), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics & Department of Geophysics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA, Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, DLR-Berlin, Institute of Planetary Research, Germany, Department of Geology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA, Geosciences Barcelona - CSIC, Barcelona, Spain, Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, USA, S-CAPAD/DANTE, MAGIS, ANR-19-CE31-0008-08, and ANR-18-IDEX-0001
Subjects: Core evolution, Mars, Planetary structure, Multidisciplinary, marsquake, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], planetary structure, Impact, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Mars InSight Seismology SKS Core, core evolution, Core, Seismology
Abstract: We present the first observations of seismic waves propagating through the core of Mars. These observations, made using seismic data collected by the InSight geophysical mission, have allowed us to construct the first seismically constrained models for the elastic properties of Mars' core. We observe core-transiting seismic phase SKS from two farside seismic events detected on Mars and measure the travel times of SKS relative to mantle traversing body waves. SKS travels through the core as a compressional wave, providing information about bulk modulus and density. We perform probabilistic inversions using the core-sensitive relative travel times together with gross geophysical data and travel times from other, more proximal, seismic events to seek the equation of state parameters that best describe the liquid iron-alloy core. Our inversions provide constraints on the velocities in Mars' core and are used to develop the first seismically based estimates of its composition. We show that models informed by our SKS data favor a somewhat smaller (median core radius = 1,780 to 1,810 km) and denser (core density = 6.2 to 6.3 g/cm3) core compared to previous estimates, with a P-wave velocity of 4.9 to 5.0 km/s at the core-mantle boundary, with the composition and structure of the mantle as a dominant source of uncertainty. We infer from our models that Mars' core contains a median of 20 to 22 wt% light alloying elements when we consider sulfur, oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. These data can be used to inform models of planetary accretion, composition, and evolution., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 120 (18), ISSN:0027-8424, ISSN:1091-6490
Published: 2023
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14. Krypton isotopes and noble gas abundances in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Rubin, Martin, Altwegg, Kathrin, Balsiger, Hans, Bar-Nun, Akiva, Berthelier, Jean-Jacques, Briois, Christelle, Calmonte, Ursina, Combi, Michael, De Keyser, Johan, Fiethe, Björn, Fuselier, Stephen A., Gasc, Sebastien, Gombosi, Tamas I., Hansen, Kenneth C., Kopp, Ernest, Korth, Axel, Laufer, Diana, Le Roy, Léna, Mall, Urs, Marty, Bernard, Mousis, Olivier, Owen, Tobias, Rème, Henri, Sémon, Thierry, Tzou, Chia-Yu, Waite, Jack H., Wurz, Peter, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Center for Space and Habitability (CSH), University of Bern, Department of Geophysics [Tel Aviv] (TAU), Tel Aviv University (TAU), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Institute of Computer and Network Engineering [Braunschweig] (IDA), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Space Science and Engineering Division [San Antonio], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Geophysical, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [Tel Aviv] (TAU), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Bern [Bern], Department of Geosciences [Tel Aviv], Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences [Tel Aviv], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 530 Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 520 Astronomy, SciAdv r-articles, FOS: Physical sciences, 620 Engineering, Physics::Space Physics, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Physics::Atomic Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment, Space Sciences, Research Articles, Planetary Science, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Research Article
Abstract: Noble gases in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko indicate nonhomogenized protoplanetary disk material at its location of formation., The Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis mass spectrometer Double Focusing Mass Spectrometer on board the European Space Agency’s Rosetta spacecraft detected the major isotopes of the noble gases argon, krypton, and xenon in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Earlier, it was found that xenon exhibits an isotopic composition distinct from anywhere else in the solar system. However, argon isotopes, within error, were shown to be consistent with solar isotope abundances. This discrepancy suggested an additional exotic component of xenon in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. We show that krypton also exhibits an isotopic composition close to solar. Furthermore, we found the argon to krypton and the krypton to xenon ratios in the comet to be lower than solar, which is a necessity to postulate an addition of exotic xenon in the comet.
Published: 2018
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15. Initial results of Husafell solar radio spectrograph

Author: Yasuaki, Hiyama, Takayuki, Ono, Masahide, Iizima, Hiroaki , Misawa, Fuminori, Tsuchiya, Akira , Morioka, Natsuo, Sato, and Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center, Tohoku University/Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center, Tohoku University/Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center, Tohoku University/National Institute of Polar Research
Subjects: Husafell solar radio spectrograph, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract: Observing the moon surface and subsurface materials using various radio frequencies is very important for investigating the physical properties of the moon. In particular, the frequency dependence of the dielectric constant of surface and subsurface materials provides information on the density profile. Because the dielectric constant is identified by measuring the reflectivity of the radio waves, we attempted to observe direct solar radio bursts in Iceland and reflected solar radio bursts in Iitate simultaneously. A new solar radio spectrograph to observe solar radio bursts has been installed at Husafell station in Iceland. The spectrograph covers two frequency bands in the ranges of 18MHz to 38MHz and 190MHz to 350MHz. Since September 2004, several successful observations have been made: 30 events of Type-I, -II, -III, and -IV bursts have been found in data obtained between September 2004 and August 2005. The flux density of the solar radio bursts detected in this study was within the range of 10 to 100s.f.u. We previously confirmed that when strong solar burst phenomena occur in the UHF range, the reflected wave signal from the moon surface can be detected using the Iitate Planetary Radio Telescope, installed in Japan.
Published: 2006

16. Solar zenith angle and solar activity dependences of vertical profile of electron number density in the nightside auroral region

Author: Kumamoto,Atsushi, Ono,Takayuki, Iizima,Masahide, and Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University
Subjects: Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Solar zenith angle and solar activity dependences of electron number density in the nightside auroral region from the topside ionosphere to the magnetosphere within a geocentric radial distance of 2.6 R_E were statistically investigated based on analysis of 7-years of plasma wave data measured by the plasma wave instrument onboard the Akebono (EXOS-D) satellite. The results are summarized as follows: (1) Electron number density N_e changes depending on solar zenith angle and solar activity: N_e in sunlight is about 3 times larger than that in darkness, and N_e during solar maximum is about 10 times larger than that during solar minimum. (2) During solar maximum, geopotential scale height is almost constant within a range from 250km to 400km. During solar minimum, geopotential scale height is drastically changes at a geopotential height around 2000-2500km, or an actual height of 3000-4000km: Geopotential scale height is 250-400km below the transition height and larger than 500km above the transition height. In order to discuss the auroral phenomena in various seasonal and solar activity conditions, the variations of ambient electron number density, as obviously shown in this study, should be taken into consideration in future studies.
Published: 2006

17. Seasonal and solar cycle dependences of the correlation between auroral kilometric radiation and the AE index

Author: Kumamoto,Atsushi, Ono,Takayuki, Iizima,Masahide, and Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
Subjects: auroral kilometric radiation, AE index, seasonal dependence, solar cycle dependence, AKR index, integumentary system, hemic and lymphatic diseases
Abstract: Seasonal and solar cycle dependences of the correlation between auroral kilometric radiation (AKR) and the auroral electrojet (AE) index have been investigated based on the plasma wave data obtained by the Akebono satellite. Under any seasonal and solar activity conditions, a clear correlation has been found between the AKR power flux and the AE index. The properties of the correlation, however, vary depending on season and solar activity. AKR power flux increases as about the 1.2 power of AE index in all seasonal and solar activity conditions. However, even for the same AE index, AKR power flux during solar minimum is 5dB larger than that during solar maximum. As for the seasonal variations, the AKR power flux in winter is 22dB larger than that in summer even for the same AE index. The results suggest that long-term variations of AKR depend not only on auroral current variations but also on factors associated with the total energy flux of auroral electrons and the generation process of AKR.
Published: 2005

18. SC-related kilometric and hectometric radiations observed by the Akebono satellite in the polar regions

Author: Shinbori,Atsuki, Ono,Takayuki, Iizima,Masahide, Kumamoto,Atsushi, Oya,Hiroshi, and Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Fukui University of Technology
Abstract: Plasma wave phenomena associated with sudden commencements (SCs) were analyzed using the database of Akebono satellite observations that has been contributed to for more than 13 years, since March 1989. The plasma wave data from 263 satellite passages covering the onsets of SCs included 85 cases of auroral kilometric radiation (AKR) enhancement within a frequency range of 100kHz to 1.2MHz. The majority of the spectra of the SC-related AKR exhibited a two-banded structure with a harmonic relationship. The start time of the AKR enhancements tended to occur after the onset of the SCs, determined using the geomagnetic records of the Kakioka Magnetic Observatory, within a time range of 3 to 8min, with an average delay time of 5.26min. Based on this delay time feature, the magnetic disturbances associated with SCs were thought to propagate from the dayside magnetosphere to the nightside tail region where they compressed the plasma sheet. On the other hand, the data set reveals 19 cases of terrestrial hectometric radiation (THR) that were also associated with SCs appearing within a frequency range of 900kHz to 4MHz. The THR onset tended to occur 1 to 9min after the SC onset, with an average delay time of 5.84min.
Published: 2003

19. Second harmonics of auroral kilometric radiation observed by the Akebono satellite

Author: Hosotani,Akira, Ono,Takayuki, Iizima,Masahide, Kumamoto,Atsushi, and Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
Abstract: The second harmonic wave properties of auroral kilometric radiation(AKR) were examined using data obtained by the Akebono satellite. The results of our statistical analysis indicate that the probability of a harmonic event occurrence is more than 60% of all AKR events. The relationship between the frequencies of the fundamentals and the second harmonics is exactly two times for the upper and lower cut-off frequencies of the spectra as well as the fine structures, within the resolution of the Akebono observations. The intensity ratio of the second harmonics to the fundamentals exhibits a two-fold nature, with both a linear and a quadratic relationship. Further data analyses also revealed that the second harmonic waves of AKR, which propagate in the X-mode, are generated from a source that is identical to that of the fundamental waves that propagate in the O-mode. These results suggest that the mechanism of AKR harmonic structure generation should allow the coexistence of different AKR emission processes.
Published: 2003

20. Control factor of solar cycle variation of auroral kilometric radiation

Author: Kumamoto,Atsushi, Ono,Takayuki, Iizima,Masahide, Oya,Hiroshi, and Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Space Communications, Faculty of Engineering, Fukui University of Technology
Subjects: Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Solar cycle variations of auroral kilometric radiation (AKR) observed by the Akebono satellite have been compared with the variations of F10.7 and solar wind dynamic pressure. F10.7 and solar wind dynamic pressure show different solar cycle variations: F10.7 increases during solar maximum and decreases during solar minimum. Solar wind dynamic pressure suddenly increases in the declining phase of solar activity and gradually decreases. The pressure minimum occurs during solar maximum. Statistical analysis of the Akebono data has shown that AKR occurrence minimum occurs during solar maximum, however AKR occurrence maximum coincides not with solar wind dynamic pressure peak but with F10.7 minimum. Up-flowing ion (UFI) events and ambient plasma density, which are associated with generation conditions of AKR, also show similar behavior. They are dependent not on solar wind dynamic pressure but on F10.7. These results suggest the anti-correlation between discrete aurora and solar activities, which has been never recognized through the studies on secular variations of auroral phenomena mainly based on old auroral records obtained in mid-latitude regions.
Published: 2003

21. Precipitation frequency in Med-CORDEX and EURO-CORDEX ensembles from 0.44° to convection-permitting resolution: impact of model resolution and convection representation

Author: Minh Truong Ha, S. Bastin, P. Drobinski, L. Fita, J. Polcher, O. Bock, M. Chiriaco, D. Belušić, C. Caillaud, A. Dobler, J. Fernandez, K. Goergen, Ø. Hodnebrog, S. Kartsios, E. Katragkou, A. Lavin-Gullon, T. Lorenz, J. Milovac, H.-J. Panitz, S. Sobolowski, H. Truhetz, K. Warrach-Sagi, V. Wulfmeyer, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SPACE - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Department of Geophysics [Zagreb], Faculty of Science [Zagreb], University of Zagreb-University of Zagreb, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), Universidad de Cantabria [Santander]-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Bio- and Geosciences [Jülich] (IBG), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo] (CICERO), University of Oslo (UiO), Department of Meteorology and Climatology [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR), Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change (WEGC), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Institute of Physics and Meteorology [Stuttgart] (IPM), and University of Hohenheim
Subjects: Earth sciences, Atmospheric Science, Precipitation triggering, Convection-permitting models, Convection processes, Integrated water vapor, ddc:550, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology
Abstract: Recent studies using convection-permitting (CP) climate simulations have demonstrated a step-change in the representation of heavy rainfall and rainfall characteristics (frequency-intensity) compared to coarser resolution Global and Regional Climate models. The goal of this study is to better understand what explains the weaker frequency of precipitation in the CP ensemble by assessing the triggering process of precipitation in the different ensembles of regional climate simulations available over Europe. We focus on the statistical relationship between tropospheric temperature, humidity and precipitation to understand how the frequency of precipitation over Europe and the Mediterranean is impacted by model resolution and the representation of convection (parameterized vs. explicit). We employ a multi-model data-set with three different resolutions (0.44°, 0.11° and 0.0275°) produced in the context of the MED-CORDEX, EURO-CORDEX and the CORDEX Flagship Pilot Study "Convective Phenomena over Europe and the Mediterranean" (FPSCONV). The multi-variate approach is applied to all model ensembles, and to several surface stations where the integrated water vapor (IWV) is derived from Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements. The results show that all model ensembles capture the temperature dependence of the critical value of IWV (IWVcv), above which an increase in precipitation frequency occurs, but the differences between the models in terms of the value of IWVcv, and the probability of its being exceeded, can be large at higher temperatures. The lower frequency of precipitation in convection-permitting simulations is not only explained by higher temperatures but also by a higher IWVcv necessary to trigger precipitation at similar temperatures, and a lower probability to exceed this critical value. The spread between models in simulating IWVcv and the probability of exceeding IWVcv is reduced over land in the ensemble of models with explicit convection, especially at high temperatures, when the convective fraction of total precipitation becomes more important and the influence of the representation of entrainment in models thus becomes more important. Over lowlands, both model resolution and convection representation affect precipitation triggering while over mountainous areas, resolution has the highest impact due to orography-induced triggering processes. Over the sea, since lifting is produced by large-scale convergence, the probability to exceed IWVcv does not depend on temperature, and the model resolution does not have a clear impact on the results.
Published: 2023

22. Oxygen isotope composition of surface snow collected along the traverse route from Zhongshan Station toward Dome A, Antarctica

Author: Yan,Ming, Li,Yuansheng, Hammer,Claus,U., Gundestrup,Niels S., Tan,Dejun, Wen,Jiahong, Wang, Dali, Sun, Bo, Kang,Jiancheng, Liu, Leibao, and Polar Research Institute of China/Polar Research Institute of China/Department of Geophysics, University of Copenhagen/Department of Geophysics, University of Copenhagen/Polar Research Institute of China/Polar Research Institute of China/Polar Research Institute of China/Polar Research Institute of China/Polar Research Institute of China/Polar Research Institute of China
Abstract: Oxygen isotope composition of surface snow sampled in the austral summer of 1998/1999 along the traverse route from Zhongshan Station toward Dome A, Antarctica is measured with the conventional mass spectrometer technique. The results of measurement show that oxygen isotope composition of surface snow varies in a wide range from -22.51‰ to -50.67‰, and has a tendency that isotopic values gradually decrease with increase of distance from Zhongshan Station and altitude. Linear regression analysis indicates that there exists good correlation between oxygen isotope composition of surface snow and distance from Zhongshan Station, altitude and/or latitude, which actually reflects the close relation between stable isotope composition and air temperature.
Published: 2002

23. SC-triggered plasma waves observed by the Akebono satellite in the polar regions and the plasmasphere

Author: Shinbori, Atsuki, Ono,Takayuki, Oya,Hiroshi, and Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science,Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science,Tohoku University/Fukui University of Technology
Subjects: Physics::Plasma Physics, Physics::Space Physics
Abstract: Plasma wave phenomena associated with sudden commencements (SCs) were analyzed based on observations conducted with the Akebono satellite, which has been collecting data for more than 13 years (since March 1989). Simultaneous plasma wave observation data for 257 SCs reveal that enhanced plasma waves are observed with an exact one-to-one correspondence with the SCs throughout the entire observation region, including the polar and plasmasphere regions. Electromagnetic whistler mode and ion cyclotron waves are enhanced in the low latitude plasmasphere, while electrostatic whistler mode and electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves are generated in the polar region. The onset times of the SC-triggered plasma waves exhibit a delay or lead time characteristic, compared with the onset times of SCs identified by the Kakioka Magnetic Observatory, with a time resolution of 1 s. By comparing the difference in SCs and enhanced electron plasma waves onset times, the propagation route of the SC disturbances can be identified in the plasmasphere.
Published: 2002

24. Sticking deep ice core drills: Why, and how to recover

Author: Niels S., Gundestrup, Sigfus J., Johnsen, Steffen B., Hansen, Hitoshi, Shoji, Pavel, Talalay, Frank, Wilhelms, and University of Copenhagen, Department of Geophysics/University of Copenhagen, Department of Geophysics/University of Copenhagen, Department of Geophysics/Kitami Institute of Technology/Department of Descriptive Geometry, St. Petersburg State Mining Institute/AWI, Colombusstrasse
Abstract: The GISP deep drill became stuck in 1981,but was free the following year. The NGRIP/EPICA deep drill has suffered from two big setbacks : The drill is stuck both at NGRIP in Greenland and at Dome C in Antarctica. Both events occurred in a period with routine drilling and high productivity. The reasons for the two events are believed to be different, but the chosen bore-hole liquid seems to be problematic. The densifier can adhere to the surface of the ice cuttings, making fine ice cuttings to sink in the liquid, in spite of a liquid density of 935kg/m^3. In spite of changed procedures and modified constructions, the drill became stuck again at NGRIP. It was freed using glycol, making use of both the temperature and temperature gradient in the hole.
Published: 2002

25. Fingerprinting sources of beach sands by grain-size, using mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) and portable XRF. Implications for coastal recovery along a tsunami-struck delta coastline

Author: Stoil Chapkanski, Gilles Brocard, Franck Lavigne, Ella Meilianda, Nazli Ismail, Darusman Darusman, Jean-Philippe Goiran, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire et Sources des Mondes antiques (HiSoMA), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC), Universitas Syiah Kuala, Department of Geophysics, Syiah Kuala University. (UNSYIAH), Post-Graduate School, Universitas Syiah Kuala (UNSYIAH), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Earth-Surface Processes, [SDU.STU.MI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

26. HyMeX, un programme multi-disciplinaire de 10 ans sur le cycle de l'eau en Méditerranée

Author: Jordi Font, Víctor Homar, Silvio Davolio, Karine Béranger, Heini Wernli, Samuel Somot, B. Ivancan-Picek, Piero Lionello, Christoph Kottmeier, Wolfgang Ludwig, Joaquín Tintoré, Isabelle Taupier-Letage, N. Filali-Boubrahmi, Andre Chanzy, Remko Uijlenhoet, Odile Roussot, Marco Borga, Claude Estournel, Romualdo Romero, Evelyne Richard, Vanda Grubišić, V. Krotoni, Annarita Mariotti, Emmanouil N. Anagnostou, Guy Delrieu, Konstantinos Lagouvardos, Isabelle Ruin, Richard Rotunno, Isabelle Braud, Céline Lutoff, Pinhas Alpert, Silvio Gualdi, Maria Carmen Llasat, Philippe Drobinski, Véronique Ducrocq, Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences [Tel Aviv], Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Unité de Mécanique (UME), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris), Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TeSAF), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Hydrologie-Hydraulique (UR HHLY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire d'étude des transferts en hydrologie et environnement, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Univ Vienna, Dept Meteorol & Geophys, Vienna, Austria, Centro Euro-Mediterraneo per i Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC), Meteorology Group, Meteorological and Hydrological Service of Croatia, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development (IERSD), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Department of Physics [Lecce], Università del Salento [Lecce], Meteorological Hazards Analysis Team (GAMA), Department of Astronomy and Meteorology [Barcelona] (DAM), University of Barcelona-University of Barcelona, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales, Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Laboratoire d'étude des transferts en hydrologie et environnement (LTHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Institute for Atmospheric Physics [Mainz] (IPA), Johannes Gutenberg - University of Mainz (JGU), École polytechnique (X), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA ITA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES AND CLIMATE CNR ISAC BOLOGNA ITA, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), CENTRE NATIONAL DE RECHERCHES METEOROLOGIQUES CASABLANCA MAR, CSIC CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS ESP, NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH NCAR BOULDER USA, DEPARTMENT OF METEOROLOGY AND PHYSICS UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA AUT, Centro Euro-Mediterraneo per i Cambiamenti Climatici [Bologna] (CMCC), UNIVERSITAT DE LES ILLES BALEARS PALMA DE MALLORCA ESP, METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL SERVICE ZAGREB HRV, INSTITUTE FOR METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE RESEARCH KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DEU, INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL OBSERVATORY OF ATHENS GRC, DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT UNIVERSITY OF SALENTO ITA, DEPARTMENT OF ASTRONOMY AND METEOROLOGY UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA ESP, CENTRE DE FORMATION ET DE RECHERCHE SUR LES ENVIRONNEMENTS MEDITERRANEENS PERPIGNAN FRA, Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales (PACTE), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CLIMATE PROGRAM OFFICE SILVER SPRING MARYLAND USA, NCAR BOULDER COLORADO USA, MEDITERRANEAN INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY MARSEILLE FRA, INSTITUTO MEDITERRANEO DE ESTUDIOS AVANZADOS ESP, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), ETH ZURICH CHE, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), CNRS, Meteo-France, CNES, IRSTEA, INRA, ANR, Collectivite Territoriale de Gorse, KIT, CNR, Universite de Toulouse, Grenoble Universites, EUMETSAT, EUMETNET, AEMet, Universite Blaise Pascal, Clermont Ferrand, Universite de la Mediterranee (Aix-Marseille II), Universite Montpellier 2, CETEMPS, Italian Civil Protection Department, Universite Paris-Sud 11, IGN, EPFL, NASA, New Mexico Tech, IFSTTAR, Mercator Ocean, NOAA, ENEA, TU Delft, CEA, ONERA, IMEDEA, SOCIB, ETH, MeteoCat, Consorzio LAMMA, IRD, National Observatory of Athens, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, CIMA, BRGM, Wageningen University and Research Center, Department of Geophysics, University of Zagreb, Institute of Oceanography and, Fisheries, Split, Croatia, INGV, OGS, Maroc Meteo, DHMZ, ARPA Piemonte, ARPA-SIMC Emilia-Romagna, ARPA Calabria, ARPA Friuli Venezia Giulia, ARPA Liguria, ISPRA, University of Connecticut, Universita degli Studi dell'Aquila, Universita di Bologna, Universita degli Studi di Torino, Universita degli Studi della Basilicata, Universita La Sapienza di Roma, Universita del Salento, Universitat de Barcelona, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, MeteoSwiss, DLR, European Community, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geophysical, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [Tel Aviv] (TAU), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service (DHMZ), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), P., Drobinski, V., Ducrocq, P., Alpert, E., Anagnostou, K., Béranger, M., Borga, I., Braud, A., Chanzy, S., Davolio, G., Delrieu, C., Estournel, N., Filali Boubrahmi, J., Font, V., Grubisic, S., Gualdi, V., Homar, B., Ivancan Picek, C., Kottmeier, V., Kotroni, K., Lagouvardo, Lionello, Piero, M. C., Llasat, W., Ludwig, C., Lutoff, A., Mariotti, E., Richard, R., Romero, R., Rotunno, O., Roussot, I., Ruin, S., Somot, I., Taupier Letage, J., Tintore, R., Uijlenhoet, and H., Wernli
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, g. Delrieu, J. Font, Atmospheric Science, by P. Drobinski, V. hoMAr, AnD h. Wernli, Mediterranean, Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management, Mediterranean Basin, synoptic climatology, k. lAgouVArDos, Mediterranean sea, W. luDWig, Water cycle, V. kotroni, database, HYMEX, BASSIN MEDITERRANEEN, Groundwater recharge, c. lutoFF, k. bérAnger, i. ruin, i. tAuPier-letAge, c. kottMeier, Climatology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, J. tintore, o. roussot, b. iVAnčAn-Picek, r. rotunno, events, Hydrologie en Kwantitatief Waterbeheer, s. soMot, sea, V. grubišić, Climate change, precipitation, i. brAuD, A. MAriotti, Natural hazard, M. borgA, Hydrometeorology, 14. Life underwater, s. guAlDi, e. AnAgnostou, P. lionello, r. uiJlenhoet, north-western, HyMeX, water cycle, natural hazards, climate change, r. roMero, WIMEK, A. chAnzy, regional climate model, P. AlPert, s. DAVolio, deep convection, V. Ducrocq, flash-flood, 13. Climate action, e. richArD, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], c. estournel, Environmental science, Water resource management, M. c. llAsAt, n. FilAli boubrAhMi, september 2002
Abstract: Drobinski, P. ... et. al.-- 20 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, supplement material http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/suppl/10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00244.1, HyMeX strives to improve our understanding of the Mediterranean water cycle, its variability from the weather-scale events to the seasonal and interannual scales, and its characteristics over one decade (2010–20), with a special focus on hydrometeorological extremes and the associated social and economic vulnerability of the Mediterranean territories, HyMeX was developed by an international group of scientists and is currently funded by a large number of agencies. It has been the beneficiary of financial contributions from CNRS; Météo-France; CNES; IRSTEA; INRA; ANR; Collectivité Territoriale de Corse; KIT; CNR; Université de Toulouse; Grenoble Universités; EUMETSAT; EUMETNET; AEMet; Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont Ferrand; Université de la Méditerranée (Aix-Marseille II); Université Montpellier 2; CETEMPS; Italian Civil Protection Department; Université Paris- Sud 11; IGN; EPFL; NASA; New Mexico Tech; IFSTTAR; Mercator Ocean; NOAA; ENEA; TU Delft; CEA; ONERA; IMEDEA; SOCIB; ETH; MeteoCat; Consorzio LAMMA; IRD; National Observatory of Athens; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; CIMA; BRGM; Wageningen University and Research Center; Department of Geophysics, University of Zagreb; Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Split, Croatia; INGV; OGS; Maroc Météo; DHMZ; ARPA Piemonte; ARPA-SIMC Emilia-Romagna; ARPA Calabria; ARPA Friuli Venezia Giulia; ARPA Liguria; ISPRA; University of Connecticut; Università degli Studi dell'Aquila; Università di Bologna; Università degli Studi di Torino; Università degli Studi della Basilicata; Università La Sapienza di Roma; Università degli Studi di Padova; Università del Salento; Universitat de Barcelona; Universitat de les Illes Balears; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; MeteoSwiss; and DLR. It also received support from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (e.g., PERSEUS, CLIM-RUN)
Published: 2014

27. Seasonal dependence of the vertical distributions of auroral kilometric radiation sources and auroral particle acceleration regions observed by the Akebono satellite

Author: Atsushi , Kumamoto, Takayuki, Ono, Hiroshi, Oya, and Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Fukui University of Technology
Abstract: Seasonal variations in the vertical distributions of occurrence probabilities of auroral kilometnc radiation (AKR) sources and auroral acceleration regions indicated by upward-flowing ion (UFI) events were compared based on statistical analyses of plasma waves and energetic particles data observed by the Akebono satellite. The peak altitude in the vertical distribution of occurrence probability of AKR sources whose emission intensities were larger than -150dBW/m^2-Hz occurred at 5000-6000 km in the summer polar region and at 3000-4000 km in the winter polar region. The analyses have also clarified that the vertical distributions of occurrence probabilities of auroral acceleration regions also show seasonal variations that are quite similar to those of the AKR sources. Based on the observation that intense AKR emissions can be generated even in high-density plasma, we suggest that processes other than cyclotron maser instability (CMI), such as mode conversions, may be dominant under conditions of dense ambient plasma in the summer polar regions. The contri-bution of the emissions generated by these mechanisms to the seasonal variations in the vertical distributions of AKR sources is thought to be significant.
Published: 2001

28. Propagation modes and source locations of the auroral kilometric radiation (AKR) identified by using the wave distribution function method

Author: Hosotani,Akira, Ono,Takayuki, Kumamoto, Atsushi, Oya, Hiroshi, and Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University/Fukui University of Technology
Abstract: The propagation characteristics of Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR), the propagation mode, power flux as well as propagation direction, have been analyzed by applying the wave distribution function method to the Poynting Flux measurement data obtained by the PWS system onboard the Akebono (EXOS-D) satellite. The results revealed that the power flux of O-mode waves was about 10 percent of the X-mode wave intensity in strong AKR emissions. The X-mode AKR waves tend to fill inside the radiation cone of an auroral field line. On the other hand, O-mode AKR showed two different propagation directions, one was directed to almost 90° with respect to the local magnetic field and the other showed angle in the vicinity of 40°. It was shown that the source locations of O-mode AKR waves with the propagation angle of about 40° located close to the source of the intense X-mode AKR waves.
Published: 2001

29. Dayside auroral dynamics observed by the AGO network in Antarctica

Author: Mitsuteru, Sato, Hiroshi, Fukunishi, Ryuho, Kataoka, Atsushi, Shono, Louis J., Lanzerotti, Jack H., Doolittle, Steve B., Mende, Mike, Pinnock, and Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University/Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University/Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies/Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratories/University of California at Berkeley/British Antarctic Survey
Abstract: Auroral dynamics m the day side cusp/cleft and polar cap region have been studied using all-sky imaging data acquired at four Automatic Geophysical Observatories (AGOs) located at 70°-80° magnetic latitude in Antarctica during the period from April 5 to July 31, 1995. Poleward moving transient auroral forms with velocities of -0.5 km/s and durations of -10 min were frequently observed at the two AGO stations, PI and P4, located at 80° magnetic latitude. The transient auroral forms moved poleward and westward in the pre-noon sector, while poleward and eastward in the post-noon sector. The luminosity of the auroral 630.0 nm emissions was found to be much higher than that of the auroral 427.8 nm emissions, implying that the energies of precipitating electrons exciting these auroral transients are very low. The WIND interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) data showed that these pole- ward moving transient auroral forms were strongly correlated with northward IMF (Bz > 0) conditions. Since distinct back-scattered echoes of the HF radar at Halley Bay station were not observed when these transient aurora forms occurred, it is concluded that these auroras did not excite strong irregularities in the F-region. Thus, all these results taken together imply that these transient auroral forms are strongly related to the magnetopause boundary processes during northward IMF conditions.
Published: 1999

30. Distribution of landforms and buried sedimentary deposits during the growth of the Aceh River delta (Sumatra, Indonesia)

Author: Stoil Chapkanski, Maureen Le Doaré, Gilles Brocard, Annika Steuer, Bernhard Siemon, Franck Lavigne, Nazli Ismail, Ella Meilianda, Clément Virmoux, Darusman Darusman, Jean-Philippe Goiran, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archaïos - Archaeology, Culture & Heritage (Archaïos), Histoire et Sources des Mondes antiques (HiSoMA), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Department of Geophysics, Syiah Kuala University, Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC), and Post-Graduate School, Universitas Syiah Kuala (UNSYIAH)
Subjects: [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geography, Planning and Development, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology
Abstract: International audience; Fluvial and coastal landforms are indicative of landscape river delta evolution over time and provide clues for understanding coastal adjustments to sea-level and fluvial dynamics fluctuations, tectonic displacements, and extreme waves. We have mapped the surface and sub-surface footprints of fluvial and coastal geomorphological features in the Aceh River delta, northern Sumatra, using imagery dataset, vertical facies logging and helicopter electromagnetic surveys. The result is a geomorphological map at the scale of 1:75.000 which outlines the main features of the deltaic plain, including rivers, tidal and buried channels, fluvial levees, beach ridges, swales, tidal flats and lagoons. We compare their spatial distribution to the geometry of buried sediment bodies, revealed by boreholes and resistivity maps. Buried channel belts and floodplain deposits document the former locations of the distributary channels of the Aceh River. Coastal-parallel beach ridges evidence 7–8 km of asymmetric delta progradation since the mid-Holocene sea-level high stand.
Published: 2022

31. BepiColombo Mio Observations of Low‐Energy Ions During the First Mercury Flyby: Initial Results

Author: Yuki Harada, Sae Aizawa, Yoshifumi Saito, Nicolas André, Moa Persson, Dominique Delcourt, Lina Z. Hadid, Markus Fraenz, Shoichiro Yokota, Andréi Fedorov, Wataru Miyake, Emmanuel Penou, Alain Barthe, Jean‐André Sauvaud, Bruno Katra, Shoya Matsuda, Go Murakami, Department of Geophysics [Kyoto], Kyoto University, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Tokai University, Graduate School of the Natural Science and Technology [Kanazawa], and Kanazawa University (KU)
Subjects: Geophysics, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract: International audience; • We present initial reports on low energy ion observations during BepiColombo's first Mercury flyby • Mio observed large fluctuations of ion flux with time scales down to a few seconds around the magnetopause and within the magnetosphere • Ion energy spectra obtained in the midnight magnetotail suggest the presence of an unexpectedly dense cold component
Published: 2022

32. The Role of Viscosity in Causing the Plasma Poloidal Motion in Magnetic Clouds

Author: Zhang, Quanhao [CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 (China)]
Published: 2017
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33. Influence of Photospheric Magnetic Conditions on the Catastrophic Behaviors of Flux Ropes in Solar Active Regions

Author: Liu, Jiajia [CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China)]
Published: 2017
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34. TORNADO-LIKE EVOLUTION OF A KINK-UNSTABLE SOLAR PROMINENCE

Author: Wang, Yuming [CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China)]
Published: 2017
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35. Attenuation of drill cables

Author: Gundestrup, Niels S., Johnsen, Sigfus J., and University of Copenhagen, Department of Geophysics/University of Copenhagen, Department of Geophysics
Abstract: The frequency characteristics of a drill cable determines both the type of communication that can be used between a drill or logger and the surface, as well as the maximum rate of information that can be transferred. In order to revise the design, the attenuation of the cable was measured. The result was far from the characteristics of a coaxial cable. At medium audio frequencies, the attenuation was quite low. However at both low and high frequencies, the attenuation increased significantly, and the high frequency cut off could be approximated by a 3-order low pass filter with a cut off frequency of 8kHz. For comparison, the attenuation of a similar size coaxial type cable will be in order of 1dB/300m at 150kHz increasing to 2dB/300m at 1MHz. If a bandwidth higher than 10kHz is required for a 4km long oceanographic type electromechanical steel armoured cable, this has to be of coaxial construction with a shield separated from the armour.
Published: 2002

36. Derivation of polar cap AE indices

Author: Sarmoko, Saroso, Masahisa, Sugiura, Toshihiko, Iyemori, Tohru, Araki, Toyohisa, Kamei, and Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University/Institute of Research and Development, Tokai University/DataAnalysis Center for Geomagnetism and Space Magnetism, Kyoto University/Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University/DataAnalysis Center for Geomagnetism and Space Magnetism, Kyoto University
Abstract: We have derived on a test basis a geomagnetic index by using presently available data in the southern polar cap. Observatories used here are Scott Base, Dumont d'Urville, Vostok and Mirny. To derive disturbance fields a base value of each station for each month is first calculated using a moving average method, and this base value is subtracted from hourly data from the station in that month. Then after a coordinate transformation the largest and smallest values are selected from the four stations, respectively in the same way as the AU and AL indices are derived, and we call them the polar cap AU and AL indices. The difference between these values gives the polar cap AE index, and we derived these indices for the H and D components and T, the total force of the geomagnetic field for the years 1966 (near solar activity minimum) and 1980 (near solar activity maximum). The results of the variation of the disturbance fields from the four stations show a clear diurnal and seasonal variation depending on distribution of the stations and the ionospheric conductivities in the southern polar cap. We find the highest correlation between the polar cap AE indices and the AE, AU, and AL indices in the local winter, and the correlation decreases in the local summer due to the increase of the ionospheric conductivity in the polar cap caused by solar UV radiation. The relationship between the IMF B_y component and the polar cap AU index during local summer seems to be quadratic. The results indicate that both positive and negative B_y increase the value of the polar cap AU index due to enhancement of the B_y dependent currents in the polar cap.
Published: 1992

37. Properties of the aftershock sequences of the 2003 Bingöl MD=6.4, (Turkey) Earthquake

Author: Özturk , S., Cinar , H., Bayrak , Y., Karsli , H., Daniel , Guillaume, Department of Geophysics, Karadeniz Technical University, Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Geophysics, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique ( LGIT ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées ( LCPC ) -Institut des Sciences de la Terre ( ISTerre ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: [ SDU.STU.GP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Gutenberg-Richter relation, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Bingöl earthquake, Omori law, constant seismicity rate model, aftershocks
Abstract: International audience; Aftershock sequences of the magnitude MW ¼6.4 Bingo¨l earthquake of 1 May, 2003 (Turkey) are studied to analyze the spatial and temporal variability of seismicity parameters of the b value of the frequencymagnitude distribution and the p value describing the temporal decay rate of aftershocks. The catalog taken from the KOERI contains 516 events and one month's time interval. The b value is found as 1.49 ± 0.07 with Mc ¼3.2. Considering the error limits, b value is very close to the maximum b value stated in the literature. This larger value may be caused by the paucity of the larger aftershocks with magnitude MD C 5.0. Also, the aftershock area is divided into four parts in order to detect the differences in b value and the changes illustrate the heterogeneity of the aftershock region. The p value is calculated as 0.86 ± 0.11, relatively small. This small p value may be a result of the slow decay rate of the aftershock activity and the small number of aftershocks. For the fitting of a suitable model and estimation of correct values of decay parameters, the sequence is also modeled as a background seismicty rate model. Constant background activity does not appear to be important during the first month of the Bingo¨ l aftershock sequences and this result is coherent with an average estimation of preexisting seismicity. The results show that usage of simple modified Omori law is reasonable for the analysis. The spatial variability in b value is between 1.2 and 1.8 and p value varies from 0.6 to 1.2. Although the physical interpretation of the spatial variability of these seismicity parameters is not straightforward, the variation of b and p values can be related to the stress and slip distribution after the mainshock, respectively. The lower b values are observed in the high stress regions and to a certain extent, the largest b values are related to Holocene alluvium. The larger p values are found in some part of the aftershock area although no slip occurred after the main shock and it is interpreted that this situation may be caused by the alluvium structure of the region. These results indicate that the spatial distribution in b and p values are generally related to the rupture mechanism and material properties of an aftershock area.
Published: 2008

38. Benchmark experiments for higher-order and full-Stokes ice sheet models (ISMIP–HOM)

Author: B. de Smedt, Shin Sugiyama, Jesse V. Johnson, Richard C. A. Hindmarsh, David Pollard, Fuyuki Saito, Thomas Kleiner, G. H. Gudmundsson, Antony J. Payne, Laura Perichon, Olivier Gagliardini, B. Breuer, Martin Rückamp, Andy Aschwanden, Thomas Zwinger, Y. Konovalov, Frank Pattyn, Alun Hubbard, Stephen Price, Carlos Martín, Ondřej Souček, Laboratoire de Glaciologie [Bruxelles], Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute for Geophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Vakgroep Geografie, Vrije Universiteit [Brussels] (VUB), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physical Science Division [Cambridge], British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)-Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Centre for Glaciology, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Department of Computer Science, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, Earth and Environmental Systems Institute [PennState] (EESI), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Frontier Research Center for Global Change (FRCGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Department of Geophysics, Charles University [Prague], Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Scientific Computing Ltd (CSC), Physical Geography, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geophysics [Praha], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Institute of Low Temperature Science [Sapporo], Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], and Gayraud, Aurore
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Glaciology, F800, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, System of linear equations, 01 natural sciences, Theoretical physics, Benchmark (surveying), [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, Mathematics, [SDU.STU.GL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, lcsh:GE1-350, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Series (mathematics), lcsh:QE1-996.5, Order (ring theory), numerical modelling, Mechanics, Ice-sheet model, lcsh:Geology, 13. Climate action, benchmark experiments, Ice sheet
Abstract: We present the results of the first ice sheet model intercomparison project for higher-order and full-Stokes ice sheet models. These models are compared and verified in a series of six experiments of which one has an analytical solution obtained from a perturbation analysis. The experiments are applied to both 2-D and 3-D geometries; five experiments are steady-state diagnostic, and one has a time-dependent prognostic solution. All participating models give results that are in close agreement. A clear distinction can be made between higher-order models and those that solve the full system of equations. The full-Stokes models show a much smaller spread, hence are in better agreement with one another and with the analytical solution.
Published: 2008

39. Estimation de la variabilité spatiale des propriétés hydrodynamiques des sols à l'échelle de la parcelle

Author: Cousin, Isabelle, Besson, Arlène, Moeys, Julien, Lefebvre, Marie-Pierre, Nicoullaud, Bernard, Bobachev, Alexey, Duval, Odile, Bourennane, Hocine, Coquet, Yves, Assi, Jean-Patrice, Camerlynck, Christian, Tabbagh, Alain, Chaabi, Abad, Lemaire, Gilles, Samouëlian, Anatja, Robain, Henri, Hovhannissian, Gaghik, Dabas, Michel, King, Dominique, Richard, Guy, Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Geophysics, Geological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Structure et fonctionnement des systèmes hydriques continentaux (SISYPHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UR 0004 Unité de Recherche Écophysiologie des Plantes Fourragères, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Environnement et Agronomie (E.A.)-Unité de Recherche Écophysiologie des Plantes Fourragères (UEPF), Institut für Umweltphysik [Heidelberg], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Unité GEOVAST, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Geocarta, Department of Geophysics [Moscow), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche d'Écophysiologie des Plantes Fourragères (UEPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), and Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University
Subjects: water content, spatial modelling, sol, méthode de mesure, géophysique, geophysics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], geophysical measurement, teneur en eau, modélisation spatiale, spatialisation, propriété hydrodynamique du sol
Abstract: absent
Published: 2007

40. Apport de la résistivité électrique pour l’estimation spatialisée de la lame d'eau drainée à l'échelle parcellaire

Author: Cousin, Isabelle, Nicoullaud, Bernard, Lefebvre, Marie-Pierre, Dorigny, Abel, Moeys, Julien, Pasquier, Catherine, Courtemanche, Pierre, Giot, Guillaume, Bobachev, Alexey, Coquet, Yves, Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Geophysics, Geological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Geophysics [Moscow), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], PEDOLOGIE, échelle parcellaire, cartographie, résistivité électrique, flux d'eau, propriété hydrodynamique, carte pédologique, modélisation, transfert hydrique
Abstract: absent
Published: 2007

41. He{sup 2+} HEATING VIA PARAMETRIC INSTABILITIES OF PARALLEL PROPAGATING ALFVÉN WAVES WITH AN INCOHERENT SPECTRUM

Author: Wang, Shui [CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China)]
Published: 2016
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42. Study of a condition for the mode conversion from purely perpendicular electrostatic waves to electromagnetic waves

Author: Katoh, Yuto [Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University (Japan)]
Published: 2016
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43. DOWNWARD CATASTROPHE OF SOLAR MAGNETIC FLUX ROPES

Author: Liu, Rui [CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China)]
Published: 2016
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44. STEREOSCOPIC OBSERVATION OF SLIPPING RECONNECTION IN A DOUBLE CANDLE-FLAME-SHAPED SOLAR FLARE

Author: Liu, Jiajia [CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China)]
Published: 2016
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45. THE MECHANISMS OF ELECTRON ACCELERATION DURING MULTIPLE X LINE MAGNETIC RECONNECTION WITH A GUIDE FIELD

Author: Wang, Shui [CAS Key Lab of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 (China)]
Published: 2016
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46. The evaluation of the earthquake hazard using the exponential distribution method for different seismic source regions in and around Ağrı

Author: Türker, Tuğba [Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Geophysics, Trabzon/Turkey (Turkey)]
Published: 2016
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47. Ambient seismic noise imaging of the lowermost mantle beneath the North Atlantic Ocean

Author: Pierre Boué, Lise Retailleau, Michel Campillo, Lei Li, Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (OVPF), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris), Department of Geophysics [Stanford], Stanford EARTH, Stanford University-Stanford University, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and The data set was downloaded and processed using python and the seismological community scientific library obspy (Krischer et al. 2015). The figures were produced using Python and MATLAB and the Python module basemap was used to produce the map. The facilities of IRIS Data ervices, and specifically the IRIS Data Management Center, were used for access to waveforms, related metadata, and/or derived products used in this study. IRIS Data Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/gji/article-abstract/222/2/1339/5827640 by CNRS user on 23 June 2020Services are funded through the Seismological Facilities for the Advancement of Geoscience (SAGE)Award of theNational Science Foundation under Cooperative Support Agreement EAR-1851048.The computation of the correlation functions presented in this paper was performed performed using the GRICAD infrastructure (https://gricad.univ-grenoble-alpes.f r), which is partly supported by the Equip@Meso project (reference ANR-10-EQPX-29–01) of the programme Investissements d’Avenir supervised by the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche. This work has been supported by a grant from Labex OSUG@2020 (Investissements d’avenir—ANR10 LABX56) and Fondation Simone et Cino Del Duca, Institut de France (Prix scientifique 2013). We acknowledge the support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grantagreement No 742335, F-IMAGE). The research of LR was supported by Pacific Gas and Electric. We thank K. Schaukowitch and the Hume centre for writing and speaking at Stanford for useful comments that helped us to improve the manuscript. We thank the Editor, Michael Ritzwoller, St´ephanie Durand and two anonymousreviewers for their comments and suggestions which helped to improve the quality of this paper
Subjects: Composition and structure of the mantle, Seismic noise, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Frequency band, Body waves, Cosmic microwave background, body waves, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mantle (geology), Physics::Geophysics, Core-Mantle-Boundary, Geochemistry and Petrology, Time-series analysis, Core–mantle boundary, 14. Life underwater, Atlantic Ocean, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ambient noise correlations, Microseism, Reflectivity, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Seismology, Geology
Abstract: SUMMARY Body waves can be extracted from correlation functions computed from seismic records even at teleseismic distances. Here we use P and PcP waves from the secondary microseism frequency band that are propagating between Europe and the Eastern United States to image the core–mantle boundary (CMB) and D” structure beneath the North Atlantic. This study presents the first 3-D image of the lower mantle obtained from ocean-generated microseism data. Robustness of our results is evaluated by comparing images produced by propagation in both directions. Our observations reveal complex patterns of lateral and vertical variations of P-wave reflectivity with a particularly strong anomaly extending upward in the lower mantle up to 2600 km deep. We compare these results with synthetic data and associate this anomaly to a Vp velocity increase above the CMB. Our image aims at promoting the study of the lower mantle with microseism noise excitations.
Published: 2020

48. The added value of km-scale simulations to describe temperature over complex orography: the CORDEX FPS-Convection multi-model ensemble runs over the Alps

Author: P. M. M. Soares, J. A. M. Careto, Rita M. Cardoso, Klaus Goergen, Eleni Katragkou, Stefan Sobolowski, Erika Coppola, Nikolina Ban, Danijel Belušić, Ségolène Berthou, Cécile Caillaud, Andreas Dobler, Øivind Hodnebrog, Stergios Kartsios, Geert Lenderink, T. Lorenz, Josipa Milovac, Hendrik Feldmann, Emanuela Pichelli, Heimo Truhetz, Marie Estelle Demory, Hylke de Vries, Kirsten Warrach-Sagi, Klaus Keuler, Mario Raffa, Merja Tölle, Kevin Sieck, Sophie Bastin, Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Instituto Dom Luiz, Agrosphere, IBG-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Centre for High-Performance Scientific Computing in Terrestrial Systems (HPSC TerrSys), Department of Meteorology and Climatology [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR), Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics [Trieste] (ICTP), Department of Atmospheric and Cryospheric Sciences [Innsbruck] (ACINN), Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Department of Geophysics [Zagreb], Faculty of Science [Zagreb], University of Zagreb-University of Zagreb, Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo] (CICERO), University of Oslo (UiO), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), NORCE Norwegian Research Center, Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), Universidad de Cantabria [Santander]-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change (WEGC), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute of Physics and Meteorology [Stuttgart] (IPM), University of Hohenheim, Brandenburg University of Technology [Cottbus – Senftenberg] (BTU), REgional Model and geo-Hydrological Impacts (REMHI), Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Center for Environmental Systems Research [Kassel] (CESR), Universität Kassel [Kassel], Climate Service Center [Hambourg] (GERICS), Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (GKSS), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Earth sciences, Atmospheric Science, Kilometre-scale resolution, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Probability density functions, ddc:550, Regional climate modelling, Maximum and minimum temperature, Added value
Abstract: The increase in computational resources has enabled the emergence of multi-model ensembles of convection-permitting regional climate model (CPRCM) simulations at very high horizontal resolutions. An example is the CORDEX Flagship Pilot Study on “Convective phenomena at high resolution over Europe and the Mediterranean”, a set of kilometre-scale simulations over an extended Alpine domain. This first-of-its-kind multi-model ensemble, forced by the ERA-Interim reanalysis, can be considered a benchmark dataset. This study uses a recently proposed metric to determine the added value of all the available Flagship Pilot Study hindcast kilometre-scale simulations for maximum and minimum temperature. The analysis is performed using state-of-the-art gridded and station observations as ground truth. This approach directly assesses the added value between the high-resolution CPRCMs against their driving global simulations and coarser resolution RCM counterparts. Overall, models display some modest gains, but also considerable shortcomings are exhibited. In part, these deficiencies can be attributed to the assimilation of temperature observations into ERA-Interim. Although the gains for the use of kilometre-scale resolution for temperature are limited, the improvement of the spatial representation of local atmospheric circulations and land–atmosphere interactions can ultimately lead to gains, particularly in coastal areas. The added value of km-scale simulations to describe temperature over complex orography: the CORDEX FPS-Convection multi-model ensemble runs over the Alps publishedVersion
Published: 2022
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49. BepiColombo mission confirms stagnation region of Venus and reveals its large extent

Author: M. Persson, S. Aizawa, N. André, S. Barabash, Y. Saito, Y. Harada, D. Heyner, S. Orsini, A. Fedorov, C. Mazelle, Y. Futaana, L. Z. Hadid, M. Volwerk, G. Collinson, B. Sanchez-Cano, A. Barthe, E. Penou, S. Yokota, V. Génot, J. A. Sauvaud, D. Delcourt, M. Fraenz, R. Modolo, A. Milillo, H.-U. Auster, I. Richter, J. Z. D. Mieth, P. Louarn, C. J. Owen, T. S. Horbury, K. Asamura, S. Matsuda, H. Nilsson, M. Wieser, T. Alberti, A. Varsani, V. Mangano, A. Mura, H. Lichtenegger, G. Laky, H. Jeszenszky, K. Masunaga, C. Signoles, M. Rojo, G. Murakami, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Department of Geophysics [Kyoto], Kyoto University, Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), School of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, Department of Earth and Space Science [Osaka], Osaka University [Osaka], Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Imperial College London, Graduate School of the Natural Science and Technology [Kanazawa], and Kanazawa University (KU)
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], BepiColombo, General Physics and Astronomy, General Chemistry, magnetic fields, Venus, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract: The second Venus flyby of the BepiColombo mission offer a unique opportunity to make a complete tour of one of the few gas-dynamics dominated interaction regions between the supersonic solar wind and a Solar System object. The spacecraft pass through the full Venusian magnetosheath following the plasma streamlines, and cross the subsolar stagnation region during very stable solar wind conditions as observed upstream by the neighboring Solar Orbiter mission. These rare multipoint synergistic observations and stable conditions experimentally confirm what was previously predicted for the barely-explored stagnation region close to solar minimum. Here, we show that this region has a large extend, up to an altitude of 1900 km, and the estimated low energy transfer near the subsolar point confirm that the atmosphere of Venus, despite being non-magnetized and less conductive due to lower ultraviolet flux at solar minimum, is capable of withstanding the solar wind under low dynamic pressure.
Published: 2022

50. Identification of changes in sediment provenance by mid-infrared spectroscopy and sediment source fingerprinting in two Holocene river deltas: Albegna, Italy, and Aceh, Indonesia

Author: Chapkanski, Stoil, Brocard, Gilles, Lavigne, Franck, Vittori, Cécile, Meilianda, Ella, Ismail, Nazli, Darusman, Darusman, Goiran, Jean-Philippe, Chapkanski, Stoil, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC), Department of Geophysics, Syiah Kuala University. (UNSYIAH), and Post-Graduate School, Universitas Syiah Kuala (UNSYIAH)
Subjects: [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

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