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The aerial gravity data of Lafia and Akiri areas were interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively to map surface and deep earth structures responsible for the gravity anomalies within the study area. This entails using grids on which the anomalous values obtained at different stations are plotted and contours drawn at appropriate intervals using Oasis Montaj software. The Bouguer anomaly obtained from the study varies from -66.0 mGal to 28.4 mGal while the residual Bouguer anomaly is from -30.5 mGal to 27.7 mGal. The Bouguer gravity data was subjected to forward and inverse modeling analysis using PotentQ 3D software. The results obtained from the forward and inverse modeling of the airborne gravity data shows the density values as: 2.550, 2.630 and 0.074 g/cm³ for the modeled profiles 1 - 3 respectively, with respective depths of - 2943, -1156 and 25 m. The highest depth of -2943 m obtained within the south-eastern part (Akiri) of the study area exhibits thick sediment able to hold more solid mineral than Lafia area with the lowest depth. This study serves as a guide to the mining industries to determine the area with high concentration of solid minerals for economic and sustainable development of the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the author’s observations of 19 patients with orbital lymphoma (21 orbits). Six cases of them were diagnosed as having an involvement of the extraocular muscle (EOM) and 4 cases had that of the lacrimal gland. The author outlines the clinical features of malignant lymphoma of EOM and lacrimal gland in these patients. The results of computed tomographic examinations of the volume of EOM and lacrimal gland are given and their density values described in detail.

Air displacement plethysmography utilises a two-component model to assess body composition, which relies on assumptions regarding the density of fat-free mass (FFM). To date, there is no evidence as to whether Lohman's or Wells et al.'s FFM density values are more accurate in young children. Therefore, the aims of this study were to compare total body fat percentage (TBF%) assessed using the BodPod with both Lohman's and Wells et al.'s FFM density values with TBF% from the three-component (3C) model in forty healthy Swedish children aged 5·5 years. Average TBF% calculated using Lohman's FFM density values underestimated TBF% in comparison with the corresponding value assessed using the 3C model (22·2 (sd 5·7) and 25·1 (sd 5·5) %, respectively; P <0·001). No statistically significant difference was observed between TBF% assessed using Wells et al.'s FFM density values and the 3C model (24·9 (sd 5·5) and 25·1 (sd 5·5) %, respectively; P =0·614). The Bland and Altman plots for TBF% using both Lohman's and Wells et al.'s FFM density values did not show any bias across the range of body fatness (Lohman: r 0·056, P =0·733 and Wells et al.: r −0·006, P =0·970). These results indicate that Wells et al.'s FFM density values should be used when assessing body composition with the paediatric option for BodPod in 5-year-old children. However, future studies are needed to confirm these results in other populations, including a wider age range of children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to objectively assess the reliability of the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as a tool to pre-operatively determine radiographic bone density (RBD) by the density values provided by the system, analyzing its relationship with histomorphometric bone density expressed as bone volumetric fraction (BV/TV) assessed by micro-CT of bone biopsies at the site of insertion of dental implants in the maxillary bones. Material and methods: Thirty-nine bone biopsies of the maxillary bones at the sites of 39 dental implants from 31 edentulous healthy patients were analyzed. The NobelGuide™ software was used for implant planning, which also allowed fabrication of individual stereolithographic surgical guides. The analysis of CBCT images allowed pre-operative determination of mean density values of implant recipient sites along the major axis of the planned implants (axial RBD). Stereolithographic surgical guides were used to guide implant insertion and also to extract cylindrical bone biopsies from the core of the exact implant site. Further analysis of several osseous micro-structural variables including BV/TV was performed by micro-CT of the extracted bone biopsies. Results: Mean axial RBD was 478 ± 212 (range: 144-953). A statistically significant difference (P = 0.02) was observed among density values of the cortical bone of the upper maxilla and mandible. A high positive Pearson's correlation coefficient (r = 0.858, P < 0.001) was observed between RBD and BV/TV, with the regression equations: (1) Axial RBD = -19.974 + 10.238·BV/TV; (2) BV/TV = 14.258 + 0.72·Axial RBD. RBD was also positively correlated with the trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) and trabecular number (Tb.N), but negatively correlated with trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), structural model index, and inverse connectivity (Tb.Pf). Density values upper than 450 were associated with BV/TV upper than 50%, mean Tb.Th upper than 0.2 mm, mean Tb.Sp lower than 0.3 mm, and mean Tb.N upper than 2. Conclusion: RBD assessed by CBCT has a strong positive correlation with BV/TV assessed by micro-CT at the site of dental implants in the maxillary bones. Pre-operative estimation of density values by CBCT is a reliable tool to objectively determine bone density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

60 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy were examined with CT before starting therapy. The muscle sizes were evaluated according to a staging, whereby more muscles were found to be enlarged in the group of patients with a short course of less than 2 years in comparison to the other group with a duration of disease of more than 2 years. These differences were particularly evident in the medialis and superior rectus muscle. However a long course of disease did not coincide with a reliable reduction in eye protusion. Additionally the density values differed according to the duration of disease, the lower ones being found in the group of patients with a long duration of disease. It can be assumed that fatty degenerations and/or fibrous alterations during the course of disease are responsible for this decrease in the density values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]