19 results on '"Dennis Tredy"'
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2. The 'First Great Purge' of American Television Programming: Understanding How and Why Popular Television Changed So Dramatically from the 1950s to the 1960s
- Author
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Dennis Tredy
- Subjects
networks ,demographics ,urban ,rural ,purge ,sitcom ,Visual arts ,N1-9211 ,Communication. Mass media ,P87-96 - Abstract
Though “purge” may seem a rather dramatic choice of terms to refer to a drastic shift in the overall nature of network television programming in the United States, it has long been used by media scholars, notably in reference to “The Great Rural Purge of 1971”, when CBS suddenly decided to cancel all of its most popular, rural-based sitcoms and variety shows in exchange for a new lineup of hard-hitting, urban-based sitcoms that leaned left and dealt unapologetically with the most burning social issues of the day. This study, however, hopes to show that this shift was in fact not the first big “purge” but the second, the first having occurred circa 1957 and having moved in the exact opposite direction. One of the great misconceptions about network television is indeed that it was very conservative at its onset and grew steadily more progressive and inclusive over the decades, for pre-1957 network television and especially its comedy programs – those of the first era of the Golden Age of Television, as it were – were remarkably avant-garde and politically incorrect for their time. Anti-establishment humor, budding feminist themes (with independent women both on screen and in the writing room), racial and ethnic diversity, in-your-face insolence and transgressional humor – all of these progressive topics were showcased in very urban settings before that first “purge” erased those gains and reset the U.S. TV landscape as white, patriarchal, rural, conservative and harmlessly escapist. This study will not only discuss those breakthrough sitcoms of the early 1950s themselves, but, just as importantly, it will trace the many factors that led to that first great shift – a vast confluence of decisions and incidents that would lead to what could be dubbed “The Great Urban Purge of 1957”.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Readjustment and Reaccentuation: What Ruth Prawer Jhabvala’s Screenplay Reveals about James Ivory’s Film Adaptation of Howards End
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Dennis Tredy
- Subjects
adaptation ,screenplay ,screenwriter ,Jhabvala ,Ivory ,film ,Arts in general ,NX1-820 ,English language ,PE1-3729 ,English literature ,PR1-9680 - Abstract
The goal of this study is to better understand connections between Forster’s novel Howards End and James Ivory’s 1992 film adaptation by focusing on the blueprint for the film provided by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala’s screenplay. Though both Jhabvala and Ivory sought to readjust elements of the 1910 novel to strike a more contemporary balance and better appeal to today’s audiences, each has a distinct objective and vision. Jhabvala carefully devised a structural matrix for a reaccentuated period piece, one that balanced three acts, three social groups and three transcendental figures, all while strengthening themes of class struggle and sexism found in the novel. Ivory took many of these ideas a step further, yet he dropped many of Jhabvala’s key devices and elements of political discourse in search of his own form of balance, one that focused more on the appeal of certain characters and on more clearly tracing their romantic development.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Light Shadows: Loose Adaptations of Gothic Literature in American TV Series of the 1960s and early 1970s
- Author
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Dennis Tredy
- Subjects
adaptation ,Dark Shadows ,Munsters ,Addams Family ,Kolchak: The Night Stalker ,network wars ,Visual arts ,N1-9211 ,Communication. Mass media ,P87-96 - Abstract
If today’s television landscape is ripe with Gothic or supernatural dramas (True Blood, Penny Dreadful, Supernatural), paranormal crime dramas (X-Files, Grimm) and, on children’s networks, animated or live-action sitcoms about monsters and ghouls trying to fit in at home or at school (Monster High, Every Witch Way), all of this programming can be traced back to its humble origins in the 1960s and 1970s. This study will focus on the creation of three different types of hybrid series that were aired during this early period and each of which attempted to combine supernatural characters and story-lines borrowed from traditional Gothic literature (and later from science fiction) with a different standard and rather conventional TV format. In the early 1960s, The Munsters on CBS and The Addams Family on ABC brought Gothic monsters and otherworldly misfits into the family sitcom. This was immediately followed by two successive contributions from TV producer-director Dan Curtis for ABC –first in the late sixties with Dark Shadows, the ‘Gothic soap opera’ that took the melodramatic afternoon serial format and spiced it up with dozens of overlapping subtexts on classic vampires, werewolves and witches, and then in the early seventies with two TV films that resulted in the first ‘paranormal investigation series’, Kolchak: The Night Stalker. In addition to analyzing the hybrid nature of these experimental programs and their rather light borrowing of literary icons in terms of adaptation, this study will also focus heavily on the context and television landscape into which these two-headed hybrids were born. To understand their countercultural value, one must first understand the type of programming that was dominant at the time, as well as the battle for dominance in those all-important Nielsen ratings that would drive certain networks to bolder experimentation. All three of these hybrid series were indeed the spoils of the Network Wars, and all involved third-place ABC’s attempt to overturn CBS’s unshakeable dominance through counter-programming and the targeting of new demographics. Finally, this article will also focus on the inherent paradox shared by these early ‘monster-mashes’, for at the time most of these series failed in terms of expected audience numbers, and all but Dark Shadows were canceled after one or two seasons. Yet, these series –though often camp if not unintentionally burlesque and with often laughably low production values by today’s standards –have still consistently grown in popularity over time, thanks to syndication, later reboots on TV and as feature films –making these initial hybrids and their off-the-wall characters cult icons today and leading to scores of current programs that readily admit to the significant influence of these early, low-budget experiments.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. '‘War… What Is It Good For?’ Laughter and Ratings': Sgt. Bilko, M*A*S*H and the Heyday of U.S. Military Sitcoms (1955-75)
- Author
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Dennis Tredy
- Subjects
military sitcoms ,war ,comedy ,1950s ,1960s ,1970s ,Visual arts ,N1-9211 ,Communication. Mass media ,P87-96 - Abstract
This article provides a detailed study of the origins and the development of the American military sitcom, a subgenre that began in the 1950s with The Phil Silvers Show, better known as Sgt. Bilko, peaked in the 1970s with M*A*S*H, and has been retired from the small screen ever since. The heyday of the ‘war comedy’, an oxymoron if there ever was one and a TV staple for the post-World War II generation, was made up of three distinct waves, each with a different tone or message in spite of their slapstick parallels and often similar narrative set-ups. The late 1950s set the standard with CBS’s ground-breaking Sgt. Bilko, which combined features of key wartime comedy films of the 1940s and 1950s with star Phil Silvers quick-witted, trickster persona to provide a sharp if hilarious anti-establishment message. Then came the 1960s and a slew of watered down Bilko lookalikes on other networks and some new models on CBS, all of which were surprisingly light-hearted and escapist, especially when one remembers that they were sandwiched between harrowing news reports on the horrors of the ongoing war in Vietnam. In the early 1970s, CBS would again rework the Bilko model when adapting M*A*S*H, already a popular novel and film, for television and thereby create the most powerful vehicle for anti-war sentiment and for dozens of other liberal causes ever to be aired on television. This article will thus pay particular attention to the first and the last series in this long parade of military sitcoms, focusing on their origins and their lasting influence, their tone and style, their use as a key weapon in the networks’ war for ratings, and their ability to deliver a strong anti-establishment message through the Trojan Horse of laughter.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Reflecting the Changing Face of American Society: How 1970’s Sitcoms and Spin-Offs Helped Redefine American Identity
- Author
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Dennis Tredy
- Subjects
Tyler Moore Mary ,Lear Norman ,adaptation ,cliché ,gender ,ethnic minority ,Visual arts ,N1-9211 ,Communication. Mass media ,P87-96 - Abstract
When looking back at the popular American situation comedies of the 1970’s, one notices a vast network of programs aimed at framing social discourse and at helping America come to term with its own, changing image. This was done through a restaging of the political and social ills of the generation as comedic teleplays, thereby using laughter as a vehicle towards social awareness and unwitting change or personal growth, and by recycling popular (and unpopular) clichés and stereotypes (the bigot, the racist, the bleeding-heart liberal, the closed-minded conservative, the touchy feminist, etc.) so as to undermine them while appearing to reinforce them. As this paper will demonstrate, situations used in these situation comedies were often adaptations of lesser known British television programs (as is the case with Norman Lear’s long-running series All in the Family and Sanford and Son), or of landmark films and plays pointing to new social norms (as with Robert Gutchell’s Alice or James Komack’s The Courtship of Eddie’s Father). One also notes that these recycled and reworked premises were in turn recycled and reworked into numerous spin-offs, and even spin-offs of spin-offs, thereby weaving a thick network of popular television programming that attempted to depict every facet and variation of the changing face of American society and to help Americans accept that new face while unabashedly laughing at it. Thus, these television comedies reflected, framed and fed social discourse in the 1970’s. Racism, ‘reverse racism’, religious bigotry, anti-Semitism, draft-dodging, anti-government protest, women’s rights, divorce, and even rape — no topic was too controversial to be treated in the most direct and often vehement of manners in this hard-hitting new breed of sitcom. One could argue that American sitcoms have never been as politically incorrect or socially aware as they were some forty years ago, yet it is also undeniable that current programming owes a great deal to these ground-breaking sitcoms of the 1970’s. Thus, as a closing point, it is important to note how these programs have served as a palimpsest and a common set of references for today’s TV series, and to show how much contemporary ‘breakthrough television’ owes to the Archie Bunkers, Fred Sanfords and Mary Tyler Moores of the 1970’s.
- Published
- 2013
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7. Shadows of Shadows: Techniques of Ambiguity in Three Film Adaptations of 'The Turn of the Screw': Jack Clayton’s The Innocents (1961), Dan Curtis’s The Turn of the Screw (1974), and Antonio Aloy’s Presence of Mind (1999)
- Author
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Dennis TREDY
- Subjects
English language ,PE1-3729 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Published
- 2007
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- View/download PDF
8. Preface
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Dennis TREDY
- Subjects
English language ,PE1-3729 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Shadows of Shadows - Techniques of Ambiguity in Three Film Adaptations of 'The Turn of the Screw': J. Clayton’s The Innocents (1961), D. Curtis’s The Turn of the Screw (1974), and A. Aloy’s Presence of Mind (1999)
- Author
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Dennis TREDY
- Subjects
English language ,PE1-3729 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The (re)making of a serial killer
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Dennis Tredy
- Subjects
Serial killer ,Computer science ,Immunology - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Reading Henry James in the Twenty-First Century: Heritage and Transmission
- Author
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Dennis Tredy, Author, Annick Duperray, Author, Adrian Harding, Author, Dennis Tredy, Author, Annick Duperray, Author, and Adrian Harding, Author
- Abstract
To commemorate the recent centennial of Henry James's death and to help readers understand the depth and scope of the author's influence both today and during the previous century, thirty leading Jamesian scholars from twelve different countries and five continents were asked to explore ways in which the notions of ‘heritage'and ‘transmission'currently come into play when reading James. The resulting chapters of this volume are divided into three main sections, each focusing on different ways in which James's legacy is being re-evaluated today—from his influence on key authors, playwrights and film-makers over the past century (Part One), to new discoveries regarding European authors and artists who influenced James (Part Two), to recent approaches more radically re-evaluating James for the twenty-first century, including contemporary poetics, political and sociological dimensions, cognitive science, and queer studies (Part Three). This collection will be of great interest to scholars and general readers of James, and is a useful guide to tracing the writer's ever-elusive ‘figure in the carpet'and understanding the power of his continued impact today.
- Published
- 2019
12. '‘War… What Is It Good For?’ Laughter and Ratings': Sgt. Bilko, M*A*S*H
- Author
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Dennis Tredy
- Subjects
guerre du Vietnam ,messages politiques ,Computer Networks and Communications ,media_common.quotation_subject ,guerre de Corée ,political messages ,Laughter ,années 1970 ,1970s ,Oxymoron ,1960s ,années 1950 ,Parade ,Narrative ,war ,Hogan’s Heroes ,Abbott and Costello ,1950s ,media_common ,Bilko ,Vietnam War ,military sitcoms ,Abbott et Costello ,guerre froide ,Cold War ,Slapstick ,Media studies ,M*A*S*H ,Art ,Comedy ,guerre ,sitcoms militaires ,années 1960 ,Hardware and Architecture ,comedy ,networks ,Papa Schultz ,Performance art ,anti-establishment ,Silvers Phil ,Cartography ,Software ,Trickster ,Korean War ,comédie - Abstract
This article provides a detailed study of the origins and the development of the American military sitcom, a subgenre that began in the 1950s with The Phil Silvers Show, better known as Sgt. Bilko, peaked in the 1970s with M*A*S*H, and has been retired from the small screen ever since. The heyday of the ‘war comedy’, an oxymoron if there ever was one and a TV staple for the post-World War II generation, was made up of three distinct waves, each with a different tone or message in spite of their slapstick parallels and often similar narrative set-ups. The late 1950s set the standard with CBS’s ground-breaking Sgt. Bilko, which combined features of key wartime comedy films of the 1940s and 1950s with star Phil Silvers quick-witted, trickster persona to provide a sharp if hilarious anti-establishment message. Then came the 1960s and a slew of watered down Bilko lookalikes on other networks and some new models on CBS, all of which were surprisingly light-hearted and escapist, especially when one remembers that they were sandwiched between harrowing news reports on the horrors of the ongoing war in Vietnam. In the early 1970s, CBS would again rework the Bilko model when adapting M*A*S*H, already a popular novel and film, for television and thereby create the most powerful vehicle for anti-war sentiment and for dozens of other liberal causes ever to be aired on television. This article will thus pay particular attention to the first and the last series in this long parade of military sitcoms, focusing on their origins and their lasting influence, their tone and style, their use as a key weapon in the networks’ war for ratings, and their ability to deliver a strong anti-establishment message through the Trojan Horse of laughter. Cet article examine les origines et l’évolution de la « sitcom militaire » à la télévision américaine, un sous-genre qui commence dans les années 1950 avec la série The Phil Silvers Show, mieux connue sous le nom de Sgt. Bilko, atteint son point culminant dans les années 1970 avec M*A*S*H, puis disparait mystérieusement des écrans de télévision. Cet âge d’or de la « comédie de guerre », drôle d’oxymore et type d’émission alors très apprécié par la génération après-guerre, arrive par trois vagues bien distinctes, chacune avec un style et un message bien différents malgré leurs similitudes en termes de prémisse et d’humour déjanté. La chaîne CBS établit les normes à partir de 1955 avec Sgt. Bilko, émission phare fortement influencée par certains films comiques de la décennie précédente mais qui donne carte blanche au personnage filou et vif d’esprit créé par le comique Phil Silvers, donnant une dimension clairement « anti-establishment » à la série. La deuxième vague, pendant les années 1960, consiste en une multitude de copies bien moins acerbes du modèle Bilko sur les autres chaînes et quelques nouveaux modèles sur CBS, tous des échappatoires légers et farfelus à la dure réalité de la guerre au Vietnam présentée dans les journaux télévisés de ces mêmes chaînes. Enfin, CBS fait à nouveau cavalier seul dans les années 1970 en réutilisant son modèle Bilko pour encadrer son adaptation télévisée de M*A*S*H, déjà un roman et un film à succès, donnant naissance à une série qui véhiculera non seulement un très fort message anti-guerre et anti-gouvernemental mais défendra aussi de nombreuses causes progressistes de l’époque. Une attention toute particulière sera donc accordée à la première et à la dernière série de ce long défilé de « sitcoms militaires », afin de souligner leurs origines et leurs influences, leur ton et leur style inédits, leur instrumentalisation dans la guerre d’audimat entre les trois grandes chaînes américaines, et leur capacité à livrer un très fort message contestataire à travers le Cheval de Troie culturel et politique qu’est la comédie télévisuelle.
- Published
- 2016
13. Henry James's Europe: Heritage and Transfer
- Author
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Dennis Tredy, Annick Duperray, Adrian Harding, PRISMES - Langues, Textes, Arts et Cultures du Monde Anglophone - EA 4398 (PRISMES), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, and Dennis Tredy
- Subjects
reception ,[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,allusion ,biography ,Great Britain ,fiction ,Art history ,Biography ,travel writings ,ethics ,Henry James ,Europe ,International Theme ,Italy ,English literature ,Allusion ,aesthetics ,France ,Sociology ,authorship ,Humanities ,USA ,performance ,American literature - Abstract
International audience; Henry James, as an American author who chose to live in Europe, seems to embody his own famed ‘International Theme’—that is, his frequent focus, within his fiction, on cultural differences between the Old and New World and on the plight of “bewildered” Americans adrift on a sea of European sophistication. Of course, James’s own trans-Atlantic connections and his perception of Europe’s cultural and literary heritage are a far more complex matter—one that must necessarily take into account myriad aspects of the author’s intellectual games involving transfer, appropriation and a good deal of re-appropriation. It also requires analysis of James’s perception of Europe—of its people and places, its history and culture, its artists and thinkers, its aesthetics and its ethics—all of which lead inevitably to a reevaluation of his own status and identity. This collection of twenty-four papers thus offers a more detailed picture of James’s cross-cultural aesthetics, thanks to in-depth analysis of his works of fiction, his autobiographical and personal writings, and his critical works. Bringing together leading Jamesian scholars from around the world, the collection is a major contribution to current thinking about Henry James, transtextuality and cultural appropriation.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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14. Henry James and the Poetics of Duplicity
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Annick Duperray, Editor, Adrian Harding, Editor, Dennis Tredy, Editor, Annick Duperray, Editor, Adrian Harding, Editor, and Dennis Tredy, Editor
- Subjects
- Ambiguity in literature
- Abstract
Henry James and the Poetics of Duplicity aims to advance the field of studies on the life and work of Henry James by fully exploring the author's use of duplicity, one of the key literary and rhetorical strategies within the author's vast and infamous arsenal of techniques of ‘ambiguity'. The collection brings together essays by both long established and more recent Jamesian scholars from eleven different countries, the collective work of whom, through this publication, further enhances our grasp of the ever-elusive literary style of Henry James.The prefatory section of this volume provides a general overview of the myriad uses of ‘duplicity'in the writings of Henry James. The collected essays are then divided into five sections, each providing an in-depth study of a particular use of duplicity as a rhetorical strategy. The first three sections focus on duplicitous devices employed within James's works of fiction – including the author's often underhanded use of undisclosed literary sources (‘Duplicitous Subtexts'), his staging of characters who rely on subterfuge and outright lying (‘Duplicitous Characters'), and his creation of doubles and doppelgängers – another key connotation of the term ‘duplicity'– both within a single work and throughout his literary career (‘Duplicitous Representation'). The two final sections then focus the poetics of duplicity employed in works of non-fiction by James, including his autobiographies and his reviews of other authors, as well as in his personal writings and correspondence. This includes James's guileful use of duplicity in his representation of himself, particular attention being paid to James's late works of self-assessment (‘Duplicitous Self-Representation'), as well as in his assessments of other writers in his reviews or of certain places in his travel writing (‘Duplicitous Judgements').Henry James and the Poetics of Duplicity would thus be a great asset to scholars of James at all levels, from the student grappling with James's literary sleight of hand for the first time, to specialists in the field of James who have long studied the masterful art of James's literary trickery.
- Published
- 2013
15. From The House of Usher to The Louse of Usher: Expansion Techniques in Film Adaptations of the Works of Edgar Allan Poe in the 1960s and Today
- Author
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Dennis Tredy, PRISMES - Langues, Textes, Arts et Cultures du Monde Anglophone - EA 4398 (PRISMES), and Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3
- Subjects
[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,General Engineering - Abstract
Tredy Dennis. From The House of Usher to The Louse of Usher: Expansion Techniques in Film Adaptations of the Works of Edgar Allan Poe in the 1960s and Today. In: Interfaces. Image-Texte-Langage 34, 2013. Expanding Adaptations. pp. 85-102.
- Published
- 2013
16. Preface
- Author
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Dennis Tredy
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. 'A Curious Duplicity'
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TREDY, Dennis, PRISMES - Langues, Textes, Arts et Cultures du Monde Anglophone - EA 4398 (PRISMES), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, and Dennis Tredy
- Subjects
intertextuality ,subtexts ,[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,characters ,duplicity narratology novels short stories ,biographies ,autobiographies ,narrators ,travel writings - Abstract
International audience; An introduction to the theme of duplicity in the literary works of Henry James, including his novels, short stories, biographies, autobiographies and travel writings. This includes the author's use of duplicitous subtexts, of duplicitous characters, of duplicitous narrators and representation, of duplictous self-representation and representation of others.
- Published
- 2013
18. Lessons of Duplicity in ' The Lesson of the Master '
- Author
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Thomas Constantinesco, Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Cultures Anglophones (LARCA UMR 8225), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dennis Tredy, Annick Duperray and Adrian Harding, and Constantinesco, Thomas
- Subjects
[SHS.LITT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,"The Lesson of the Master" ,Life ,[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,Duplicity ,Renunciation ,Homoeroticism ,Disciple-master relations ,Henry James ,Art - Abstract
First published in 1888, “The Lesson of the Master” stages once again the conflict between art and life that underlies so many of James’s fictions, as he pits the experienced and much admired Master, Henry St George, against his seemingly naïve and most certainly fascinated disciple, Paul Overt. The story has often been read as one of James’s first ambiguous tales, for the open ending of the text leaves it to the reader to determine whether St George has voluntarily double-crossed Overt by urging him to renounce his desire for life the better to satisfy his craving for the perfect work of art—this effectively enabling the Master to marry the young and beautiful Marian Fancourt, with whom Overt was secretly in love.Yet the emphasis on the Master’s possible duplicity diverts the reader’s attention from Overt’s own underhanded efforts to take St George’s place at “the head of the profession.” Simultaneously masking and exposing the disciple’s double-dealings, the story thus records and stages another series of deceptive manoeuvres: progressively eliminating his potential rivals, Overt strives to establish a privileged relationship with St George in order, not only to become the Master’s only alter ego, but ultimately to replace him and be at once a literary genius and a successful man of the world. Following Overt’s perspective, then, duplicity turns out to be part of a paradoxical strategy on his part to win this homoerotic power game and thereby achieve self-recognition, or rather self-unification, a strategy that in the end cannot but fail.This article argues that therein lies the “lesson” of the text, namely that duplicity, taken this time in its literal sense of “doubleness,” is the condition of both life and literature which, though indissolubly linked, are bound never to coincide with one another or with themselves. Hence, perhaps, the characters’ repeated attempts to live their lives vicariously, or by proxy, projecting themselves in the lives and works of others. Eventually, this may well be what the preface to the 1913 New York Edition (itself doubling the main text and precluding its closure) calls the “operative irony” of the tale which “implies and projects the possible other case.”, Dans « The Lesson of the Master » (1888), Henry James met encore une fois en scène le conflit entre l’art et la vie qui fait la trame de tant de ses fictions. Opposant Henry St George, le maître vieillissant, à Paul Overt, son disciple faussement naïf, la nouvelle fait le récit des efforts déployés par Overt pour égaler son aîné, sinon le surpasser, en suivant la « leçon » que ce dernier lui inculque et selon laquelle la création d’une œuvre d’art requiert de l’artiste qu’il renonce à la vie elle-même. La fin ouverte de la nouvelle, quant à elle, laisse au lecteur le soin de déterminer si le Maître a volontairement piégé son disciple en l’enjoignant d’abandonner ses projets de mariage avec la jeune et belle Marian Fancourt alors que lui-même entreprenait de conquérir la jeune femme après le décès de sa propre épouse. En faisant planer le doute sur l’honnêteté de St George, le narrateur entreprend du même coup de détourner l’attention du lecteur d’une autre série de manœuvres auxquelles se livre Overt pour prendre la place de son Maître et que le texte masque et dévoile tout à la fois. Eliminant progressivement tous ses rivaux supposés, Overt s’efforce d’établir une relation privilégiée avec St George afin de devenir son seul et unique « alter ego », pour mieux prendre sa place au bout du compte. Dans cette intrigue souterraine, la duplicité relève d’une stratégie qui doit permettre à Overt de remporter le jeu de pouvoir homo-érotique qui le lie au Maître. En supposant l’identité du Maître et de son œuvre pour y lire le reflet de lui-même, Overt joue un double-jeu paradoxal qui n’a d’autre but que d’évincer le Maître afin de garantir sa propre identité d’artiste. La logique de l’identité qui sous-tend les manipulations auxquelles se livre Overt explique pour une large part l’échec de son entreprise et c’est peut-être là que réside la « leçon » du texte : en lieu et place de l’unité rêvée, il n’y aurait qu’écart entre le sujet et son œuvre, différence de soi à soi. La duplicité à l’œuvre doit alors s’entendre au sens littéral et elle apparaît comme une condition de la vie comme de la littérature qui, quoique indissolublement liées, sont destinées à ne jamais coïncider. Cette lecture permet alors de rendre compte des efforts répétés des personnages pour vivre leur vie par procuration et toujours s’imaginer menant l’existence des autres et écrivant leurs œuvres. Ce faisant, la nouvelle serait la mise en œuvre de ce que, doublant le texte par avance et empêchant sa clôture, la préface à l’Édition de New York (1913) appelle « l’ironie opératoire » de l’œuvre « qui toujours implique et projet l’autre cas possible ».
- Published
- 2013
19. Preface
- Author
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TREDY, Dennis, PRISMES - Langues, Textes, Arts et Cultures du Monde Anglophone - EA 4398 (PRISMES), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, and Dennis Tredy
- Subjects
reception ,influence ,[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,biography ,Great Britain ,fiction ,ethics ,Henry James ,heritage ,Europe ,travel writing ,International Theme ,Italy ,aesthetics ,France ,autobiography ,USA - Abstract
International audience; An introduction to the themes of heritage and transfer in the works of Henry James, focusing primarily on literary analysis and reception studies. It is an attempt to take into account the myriad aspects of the author's intellectuzal games of transfer, appropriation and heritage, paying particular attention to the way James perceived Europe, the way Europe perceived James and how the author chose to represent himself as a bridge between European and American culture and literary heritage.
- Published
- 2011
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