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The internet of things (IoT) or industrial internet of things (IIoT) has incredible benefits and potential for much more. It promises vast improvements in operational efficiencies and reduction of catastrophic failure. The full benefits of such technology may be limited by incompatibilities due to manufacturer protocol and device differences. These challenges will be passed on to the user resulting in diminished benefits and frustration if not anticipated and mitigated accordingly. This paper will explore available technologies and address guidelines for future standard and specification development while providing parallels to similar technology introductions in large scale industrial facilities for the review of lessons learned.

The study of databases is a well developed area of computer science and technology. Theoretical and practical aspects of databases have been subject to investigation for several decades, and have been the topic of thousands of research papers and hundreds of conferences. The reality is that today very large databases are an integral part of our everyday life. The spotlight is now being turned to combining methods from artificial intelligence and databases into a broader discipline known as knowledge bases.