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The purpose of this research is to study the thermal unfolding of high concentration bovine Immunoglobulin G (IgG) under 26 different experimental conditions by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy with improved purge conditions and software calculations. When bovine IgG (25-200 mg/mL) was thermally denatured between pH 4.0 and 8.0, it was observed that at 25 mg/mL concentration, the protein exhibited maximum thermal stability at pH 6.0 and 7.0 as evident from the apparent T(m) values. Increasing the concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL at those pH values increased the thermal resistance of the protein by 2-3 °C. But, at 200 mg/mL, IgG showed a small decrease in its transition temperature. Presence of 100 mM Trehalose enhanced the T(m) values at all conditions and possibly prevented the complete loss of IgG as insoluble aggregates at higher temperatures. Second derivative plots were constructed to explain the conformational changes of IgG during thermal unfolding.

This work offers a critique of the methodology used by Scriabin and Vergin [Scriabin, Michael, Roger C. Vergin. 1975. Comparison of computer algorithms and visual based methods for plant layout. Management Sci. 22 (2, October) 172–181] in their study of computer algorithms versus humans in designing plant layouts. It attempts to show that Scriabin's and Vergin's experiments do not provide a useful comparison of computers and humans, and to point out several experimental procedures that would make comparisons of heuristic computer algorithms and humans more valid.

This article combines a tutorial on Monte Carlo simulation with a description of eight steps, from problem definition to model maintenance, that are essential to successful simulation projects. The theory is illustrated by examples from a case study of a simulation used to evaluate alternative queueing systems for customs inspections. The authors set forth the objectives, advantages, and limitations of Monte Carlo simulation for management problem solving.

This note describes a method of simulating a time series of lognormally distributed observations with prescribed mean, variance, and serial correlation as well as pointing out an error in this procedure described in “A Simulating Model for the Evaluation of Fishing Trawler Designs” by Nickerson et al. [Nickerson, T. B., T. G. O'Flaherty, D. W. Rice. 1973. A simulation model for the evaluation of fishing Trawler designs. Management Sci. 20 (4, Part II) 699–707].