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In order to overcome the difficulty in obtaining the initial shallow groundwater level of a small bedrock island and build a better geological body model, the assessment of groundwater potential by remote sense (RS) method was introduced into the shallow groundwater flow field modeling of bedrock islands. And the Wailingding Island in China was taken as the study area. The buried depth (h) of water level was fitted with the remote sensing assessment score of shallow groundwater potential, according to the actual water volume. As a result, the study obtained the formula of the fitting curve, which was S=0.427e0.239h, R2=0.8462 (P<0.05). Then, it used ENVI software to calculate h=(1/0.239) ln(S/0.427) and evaluate the initial water level of shallow groundwater: D= DEM-h. Moreover, the study introduced the value of D into the GMS software as the initial water level for the simulation of the shallow groundwater flow field, overcoming the difficulty in obtaining the water level of shallow groundwater in the bedrock islands. The GMS software was used to establish a simulation model of shallow groundwater flow field based on the hydrogeological data in this study area. Also, it used ENVI software to convert DEM data into TIF files and import them into the GMS software, improving the precision of island geological body simulation. Next, the study attempted to change the initial conditions of the simulation model of the shallow groundwater flow field, such as rainfall, evaporation capacity and so on, to predict the distribution of shallow groundwater flow field at different times. Finally, the actual water yield of springs and wells and the geophysical data were used to verify the results of the simulation, and the accuracy has met the requirement. Therefore, it is possible complete the simulation of the shallow groundwater flow field of a small bedrock island by RS technology and other techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The ionotropic glutamate receptorantagonists include two types: MK-801, antagonist of N-methyl-D-asparticacid (NMDA) receptor, and NBQX, antagonist of non-NMDA receptor.The above-mentioned ionotropic antagonists can block the glutamate and its corresponding receptor binding to produce analgesic effect. The objective of this research was to study two antagonists in analgesic effect on rat behavior,as well as to investigate the down-regulation and up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Janus-activated kinase (Jak3) in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat serum and tissue fluid after the application of these antagonists, that is, the effect on molecular biology., Methods: This study used the ionotropic glutamate receptors as the target and established CIA rat model. Vivo studies were used to observe changes in behavior and molecular biology of the CIA rat.Behavioral assessment includedmechanical allodynia and joint swelling in the CIA rat,where themechanical allodynia was measured using the paw-withdrawal threshold (PWT) with VonFrey filaments according to the "Up-Down" method,and the drainage volume was used to assess joint swelling. Then the blood samples taken from the heart of the rat and the tissue homogenate were collected to detect the down-regulation and up-regulation of COX-2 and Jak3 in the serum and tissue fluid after the antagonists wereused., Results: Using MK-801, NBQX alone or using the combination of these two antagonists,these three methods all could alleviate pain(P<0.01).The analgesic effect lasted more than 24 h.Both antagonists reached the peak of analgesia at the end of 4 hours post-injection. NBQX had stronger analgesic effect than MK-801 (P<0.05).Whether alone or combined use of these two antagonists,could not change the CIA rats' swelling of the joint (P>0.05). MK-801 could decrease the expression of COX-2 (P<0.01).At the same time, NBQX did not have this effect (P>0.05). Using MK-801, NBQX alone or combination of these two antagonists could not affect the increased expression of Jak3 caused by the CIA (P>0.05)., Conclusion: MK-801 and NBQX could both alleviate pain, NBQX was much better than MK-801. Neither MK-801 nor NBQX had the effect on the swelling of the joint. NMDA receptor and COX-2 inflammatory pathways had certain interactions. For Jak3, it could not be found to have cross-function with ionotropic glutamate signaling pathways by this experiment.

The chemotactic activity of rabbit peritoneal macrophage condition-medium (M phi-CM) was examined through micropore filter assay. The effects of M phi-CM on smooth muscle cell (SMCS) migration were considered to be chemotactic rather than chemokinetic in nature. This chemotactic activity was heat stable at 80 degrees C for 30 min, but was abolished at 100 degrees C for 15 min. The chemotactic activity was still maintained after dialysis, but was abolished after incubation with trypsin. It is suggested that the chemotactic factor in M phi-CM may be a protein.

In order to investigate the feasibility of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) in preventing the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis after coronary angioplasty and to study their mechanisms, we measured the platelet cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and observed the effects of captopril on platelet [Ca2+]i in rabbits and also observed the inhibitive action on fibroblast proliferation in culture. The results showed that resting platelet [Ca2+]i,ADP- or thrombin-stimulated platelet elevation amplitude after administration of captopril (12.5 mg, twice daily) for 15 days were significantly reduced in comparison with those before administration. And captopril also significantly inhibited fibroblast proliferation or reduced 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation in culture in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that ACEIs are promising drugs to reduce restenosis incidence after coronary angioplasty and to prevent atherosclerosis as well as provide a new explanation for their effects of suppressing cell proliferation.

Nineteen young pigeons (columba livia domestica) fed on cholesterol (0.5 g per day per bird) for 31 weeks were studied by electron microscopy focusing on calcification in coronary artery atherosclerosis. After 24-31 weeks of cholesterol feeding, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the media layer showed an obvious proliferation. Many of these cells had bulbous cytoplasmic pseudopod-like processes connecting with the cell body by narrow stalks. Many of the cytoplasmic pseudopodia as well as the detached cell fragments, i.e. "ghost" bodies measuring 606-2235 nm in diameter were membrane-bounded, but without basement membrane, often with a fibrillo-granular content and occasionally seen as residue of organelles of the SMCs. Additionally, in the interstitial spaces, much vesicle-like deeply osmiophilic material was obtained, suggesting degradation products of SMCs. Furthermore, in the matrix, there were many calcium spherules measuring 551-3006 nm in diameter, consisted of 1-3 layers of radiating crystalline spicules. The mechanism of formation of "ghost" bodies and calcification is discussed.