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Background Headaches are frequent neurological disorders that are yet to be unveiled and treated comprehensively worldwide. Bearing in mind that the distribution of headache subtypes in neurology clinics (NC) is essential for planning appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, the primary goals of this multi-centric study are to carry out inter-regional comparisons by using current diagnostic criteria with evaluations of neurologists to delineate headache burden. Methods A cross-sectional study between April 1 and May 16, 2022 was conducted with the participation of 13 countries from the Middle East, Asia, and Africa. Patients were included in the study on a specific day each week during five consecutive weeks. All volunteers over the age of 18 and whose primary cause for admission was headache were examined. The patients admitted to NC or referred from emergency services/other services were evaluated by neurologists by means of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) criteria. Results Among the 13,794 patients encountered in NC, headache was the primary complaint in 30.04%. The headache patients’ mean age was 42.85 ± 14.89 (18–95 years), and 74.3% were female. According to the ICHD-3 criteria, 86.7% of the main group had primary headache disorders, 33.5% had secondary headaches, 4% had painful cranial neuropathies along with other facial and headaches, and 5.2% had headaches included in the appendix part showing some overlapping conditions. While the most common primary headache was migraine without aura (36.8%), the most common secondary headache was medication-overuse headache (MOH) (9.8%). Headaches attributed to COVID-19, its secondary complications, or vaccines continue to occur at rates of 1.2%-3.5% in current neurology practice. Pain severity was significantly lower in Ivory Coast and Sudan than in Türkiye, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Iran, Egypt, Senegal, Tatarstan, and Azerbaijan (p Conclusions The study showed that migraine is still the most common motive for admissions to NC in different regions. Furthermore, MOH, an avoidable disorder, is the most common secondary headache type and appears to be a significant problem in all regions. Remarkably, pain perception differs between regions, and pain intensity is lower in Africa than in other regions.

Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) is a vegetable that is easy to grow, has rich nutritional values, and its leaves are used. It is a valuable plant for breeding programs due to its low selectivity in terms of climate and soil properties, resistance genes to diseases and pests contains the important nutriencompounds. Although it is not cultivated in very large areas in Turkey, local populations spread over different regions are used intensively for production. In this study, 53 Swiss chard genotypes including three local cultivars and one foreign genotype were examined for agronomic properties. The research revealed a high level of agronomic diversity in terms of evaluated agronomic leaf traits particularly yield components such as the number of leaves per plant, leaf weight, and leaf area among the genotypes. In addition, compared to the commercial cultivars, there are superior genotypes were determined among the population for consumer and farmer preferred traits for large leaf area, short petiole, dark green leaf color, and yield. Identification of the agronomic diversity among the present Swiss chard collection may contribute to knowledge on valuable scientific information in terms of breeding new Swiss chard varieties and the importance of conservation of genetic material. In addition, the obtained results contribute to the use of this collection in breeding programs aiming to develop high-yielding Swiss chard varieties with desired agronomic characteristics. © 2021.

Comunicació presentada a: 16th Sound & Music Computing Conference celebrada del 23 al 31 de maig de 2019 a Málaga, Espanya. This study focuses on the application of different computational methods to carry out a ”modal harmonic analysis” for Jazz improvisation performances by modeling the concept of chord-scales. The Chord-Scale Theory is a theoretical concept that explains the relationship between the harmonic context of a musical piece and possible scale types to be used for improvisation. This work proposes different computational approaches for the recognition of the chordscale type in an improvised phrase given the harmonic context. We have curated a dataset to evaluate different chordscale recognition approaches proposed in this study, where the dataset consists of around 40 minutes of improvised monophonic Jazz solo performances. The dataset is made publicly available and shared on freesound.org. To achieve the task of chord-scale type recognition, we propose one rule-based, one probabilistic and one supervised learning method. All proposed methods use Harmonic Pitch Class Profile (HPCP) features for classification. We observed an increase in the classification score when learned chordscale models are filtered with predefined scale templates indicating that incorporating prior domain knowledge to learned models is beneficial. This study has its novelty in presenting a first computational analysis on chord-scales in the context of Jazz improvisation. This work is supported by ERC funded TECSOME project. The author E.D received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowsa-Curie grant agreement No. 765068.

Taking into consideration the financial criteria such as profitability, growth, sales volume and market share, don’t seem enough in evaluating the financial performance of a business. Because, these criteria are mainly related to the past performance of a business. For an evaluation directed for the future different factors other than the financial ones, which are also effective on financial success must be taken into consideration. The level of customer satisfaction and job satisfaction of the employees, which are effective in the financial performance of a firm in the future, is effective on the financial performance of a firm directly or indirectly in different levels. The aim of this study is testing the relation between “employee satisfaction and customer satisfaction” and to research the effect of both on the financial success of supermarkets, which are mainly service businesses. The research findings show that “the mediating effect of customer satisfaction between employee satisfaction and financial performance is strong”., Bir işletmenin finansal performansının değerlendirilmesinde karlılık, büyüme, satışlar, pazar payı gibi finansal ölçütlerin dikkate alınması yeterli görülmemektedir. Çünkü bu ölçütler daha çok firmanın geçmişteki performansına yöneliktir. Geleceğe yönelik değerlendirmeler için finansal ölçütlerin dışında finansal başarı üzerinde etkili olan çeşitli faktörlerin de dikkate alınması gerekmektedir. Firmanın gelecekteki finansal performansı üzerinde etkili olan müşteri memnuniyeti ve firma çalışanlarının iş tatmini düzeyi finansal performans üzerinde doğrudan ya da dolaylı çeşitli düzeylerde etkilidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı “işgören tatmini ve müşteri memnuniyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi test etmek ve her ikisinin hizmet yönü ağır basan ticari işletmeler olan süpermarketlerin finansal başarısı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır”. Elde edilen araştırma sonuçları; “çalışan tatmini ile finansal performans arasında müşteri memnuniyetinin aracılık etkisinin güçlü olduğunu” göstermektedir.

Purpose: To assess the technical feasibility and the results of cerebral protection with the GuardWire Plus Temporary Occlusion & Aspiration System during carotid artery stenting for high-grade stenosis, Patients and Methods: In 20 patients 20 carotid artery stenoses were treated with stent placement under cerebral protection. A contralateral carotid occlusion was an exclusion criteria for the use of the protection device. In all cases only aspiration, but no flushing was used before deflation of the occlusion balloon. In 17 of 20 patients diffusion-weighted (DW-)MRT imaging of the brain was performed before and 24 hours after the procedure. Results: The stent implantation was successfully performed in all patients. In 3 patients neurologic symptoms occurred during the occlusion time. In these 3 patients the symptoms immediately disappeared after deflation of the balloon. In one case there was dilatation of the internal carotid artery at the site of the balloon inflation. In 3 of the 17 DW-MR images new ipsilateral cerebral lesions, in one case a new contralateral lesion occurred after the procedure. Conclusions: The cerebral protection procedure is technically feasible. The occlusion of the internal carotid artery was not tolerated by all patients. The DW-MR imaging demonstrated cerebral lesions indicating the occurrence of cerebral microemboli during the procedure. Further investigations are necessary to determine if the use of the cerebral protection device will improve the results of the carotid artery stenting for high-grade stenoses.

According to economic theory, imbalances in trade flows affect transport prices because (some) carriers have to return without cargo from the low demand region to the high demand region. Therefore, transport prices in the high demand direction have to exceed those in the low demand direction. This implies that transport costs, and therefore trade costs, are fundamentally endogenous with respect to trade imbalances. We study this effect using transport prices for the inland waterway transport market in north-west Europe. We find that imbalances in trade flows have substantial effects on transport prices. We estimate that a one standard deviation increase in the trade imbalance from region A to region B decreases transport prices from A to B by about 8 percent.

In parallel with improvements in understanding pain neurophysiology, many chemicals have recently been investigated for spinal anaesthesia and analgesia. However, studies discussing the effects of these drugs on neural tissue indicate that knowledge about some aspects of neurotoxicity is limited. Forty-nine New Zealand albino rabbits, weighing 2.2 +/- 0.2 kg, were randomly assigned to seven groups of seven animals each. Single dose groups received intrathecally through the atlantooccipital membrane 0.9% saline 1.5 ml; midazolam 100 microg/kg (low dose midazolam group) or 500 microg/kg (high dose midazolam group); neostigmine 10 microg/kg (low dose neostigmine group) or 50 microg/kg (high dose neostigmine group). Two groups had seven days of repeated dosing with either midazolam 100 microg/kg/day (repeat midazolam group) or 10 microg/kg/day neostigmine (repeat neostigmine group). The animals were sacrificed on day 8, and two spinal cord sections from the fourth cervical level and fourth lumbar level were removed and prepared for histopathological study. Transmission electron microscopic evaluations were performed on transverse spinal cord sections by a neuropathologist blinded to the group allocation. Twenty myelinated axons and neurones in the cervical and lumbar sections were investigated for the histopathological study. This study indicates that midazolam and neostigmine have different neurotoxic effects that depend on the dose and the repetition of dosing when these drugs are administered intrathecally.

Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Untesuchung der technischen Durchführbarkeit und Sicherheit der Karotisstentimplantation unter Einsatz von zerebralen Protektionssystemen. Es wurden 123 ACI-Stenosen mit einer Stent-PTA behandelt, wobei in 45,5% der Fälle die Stenose symptomatisch war. Zur zerebralen Protektion wurden unterschiedliche Protektionssysteme verwendet. Mit 85 Prozeduren war der Filter Wire EX das am häufigsten benutzte System. Zum Nachweis von Ischämien wurde eine diffusionsgew. MRT vor und nach dem Eingriff durchgeführt. Im Zeitraum von 30 Tagen lag die Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsrate bei 6,5%, für die Patienten, die mit dem Filter Wire EX behandelt wurden, bei 4,7%. Postinterventionell zeigte die diffusionsgew. MRT in 33 Fällen (30,3%) neu aufgetretene Läsionen der ipsilat. Hemisphäre. Die Stent-PTA der ACI unter Protektion ist sicher durchführbar. Als Marker für neurologische Komplikationen ist die diffusionsgew. MRT gut geeignet.