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In this study spread of smoke from a possible fire in a University building and the evacuation time of occupants were simulated. Fire dynamic simulations (FDS) have been done for natural and forced smoke evacuation with different scenarios; at the same time, evacuation simulations have also been done for various scenarios for different exits at the building. While occupants move through changing CO, CO2, and O2 concentrations, Fractional Effective Dose (FED) was gathered to obtain results from both simulations. FED results were evaluated for poisoning risk of occupants. According to comparative results, the combination of scenarios that forced smoke evacuation by fan and evacuation of occupants from all exits at the basement of the building has the lowest FED value. On the other hand, depending on the fire source and smoke movement, sometimes occupants cannot use all exits. Therefore, evacuation simulation has been done separately from each exit and evaluated with all FDS results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate autopsy findings in hypothermia-related deaths in Van Province, Turkey, a city near the Turkey-Iran border. Methods: Autopsy reports on 43 hypothermia fatalities were retrospectively reviewed. Data regarding age, gender, nationality of the cases, seasonality of the deaths, crime scene findings, autopsy findings, manner of deaths, risk factors for hypothermia, other traumatic lesions, and toxicology were obtained from autopsy records and scene investigation records. Results: There were 36 males and 7 females. The mean age was 20.5 years. More than half of the cases died or were found dead in the spring months. All but one of the cases was found dead outdoors. There were common red-coloured livor mortis in 33 cases (76.7%), antemortem traumas in 16 cases (37.2%), cold erythema in 26 cases (60.5%), myxedema in 1 case, bloody discolouration in the synovial fluid in 11 (84.6%) cases, and Wischnewski spots in 32 cases (74.4%). Conclusion: The study showed that illegal refugees are an important social problem in Turkey. Hypothermia should be considered as a cause of death for refugees when they are found, especially in the cold provinces. In the diagnosis of hypothermia, bloody discolouration of the synovial fluid is confirmed to be a valuable finding. Wischnewski spots remain valuable for positive identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Postoperative pain is an important problem for patients undergoing shoulder surgery. Our study investigated analgesic efficacy, duration of analgesia, postoperative analgesic use and patient satisfaction with the use of preemptive intravenous dexketoprofen for interscalene block in addition to general anesthesia in arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Methods: 60 patients, scheduled for arthroscopic shoulder surgery were randomized (30 patients each) into either: - control group (Group1) or dexketoprofen group (Group 2). Patients were followed for 48 hours to compare both groups for; post-operative pain scores, effectiveness of postoperative analgesia, duration of analgesia, and analgesia consumption. Duration of postoperative sensory block of the shoulder joint was defined as time to onset of pain at the incision site. Duration of postoperative motor block of the shoulder joint was defined as time to onset of first shoulder movement. Results: While no significant difference was determined for motor block time, sensory block time was significantly longer in the dexketoprofen group (p < 0.05).VAS scores were significantly lower at all times in the dexketoprofen group (p < 0.05).Total PCA fentanyl consumption was 274.16 ± 314.89 (μg) in the dexketoprofen group, and 490.00 ± 408.98 (μg) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the groups' demographic and hemodynamic data. Conclusion: Pre-emptive IV dexketoprofen may be a good option for arthroscopic shoulder surgery and provides effective analgesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To report the largest series of lightning-related deaths in Turkey, to review the literature on this subject, and to identify similarities and differences between the autopsy findings in this study and the information available in literature. Methods: In this study, autopsy reports and crime scene investigation data on 11 lightningrelated fatalities that occurred in the Van and Hakkâri Provinces, Turkey, from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Of the 1699 fatalities, 11 (2.53%) evaluated by medico-legal autopsy in the Van and Hakkâri Province in a 5-year period died from lightning strikes. Of these cases, 10 (90.1%) were males and 1 (9.9%) was female (p < 0.05). All cases were in the 11 to 33 years age group. All cases were injured outdoors. Conclusion: We concluded that deaths due to lightning strikes are relatively rare in Turkey, and may be reduced with precautions such as avoiding staying under trees or in the vicinity of high towers, refraining from touching metal objects, avoiding lying on the ground, leaning on walls, and crouching outdoors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Cell adhesion and angiogenesis within the extracellular matrix involve special signaling molecules, such as integrins and the actin binding protein Talin-1. The aim of this study was to investigate and describe the expression of Talin-1 for the early detection of colon cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Blood serum samples were collected from 50 healthy volunteers and from 90 patients with colon cancer. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), all 140 samples were analyzed. RESULTS: Preoperative levels of Talin-1 in the serum were significantly higher in patients with colon cancer (p < 0.001). No significant correlation was found between preoperative levels of Talin-1 in the serum and the age and gender of the patients (p < 0.05). However, a significant correlation was found between Talin-1 levels and the tumor grade, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Talin-1 may play a role in the reinforcement of cell proliferation, cell adhesion, and angiogenesis in colon cancer. Thus, the Talin-1 protein activity may be a novel biomarker to detect colon cancer in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives/hypothesis: We developed the largest paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) scan study so far by including 1,889 cases to investigate the prevalence, localization, age distribution, and the secondary complications of paranasal sinus osteomas. Study Design: Prospective study. Methods: A prospective study was performed on 1,889 consecutive adult individuals who underwent paranasal sinus CT examinations with suspected sinus disease. Results: The prevalence of paranasal sinus osteomas was determined to be 3%. Osteomas were located most frequently in the ethmoid sinuses. The size of the osteomas varied from approximately from 2 to 30 mm. Of the osteomas found, 37%were accompanied by pathological sinonasal findings. Conclusions: The prevalence of sinonasal osteoma in the paranasal sinus region detected by CT scan is supporting the literature, whereas the localization pattern challenges it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the washability research of the Seyitomer Lignites (Kutahya-Turkey), with lower calorific value (1,863 kcal/kg) and high ash content (51.91%), by heavy medium separation, it was found out that middling clay in the coal had an effect to change the medium density. To prevent this problem, a trommel sieve with 18 and 5 mm aperture diameter was designed, and the clay in the coal was tried to be removed using it before the coal was released to heavy medium. Following that, the obtained coal in -100 + 18 mm and -18 + 5 mm fractions was subjected to sink and float test having 1.4 gcm-3 and 1.7 gcm-3 medium densities (-5 mm fraction will be evaluated in a separate work). Depending on the raw coal, with the floating of -100 + 18 mm and -18 + 5 mm size fraction in 1.4 gcm-3 medium density, clean coal with 60.10% combustible matter recovery, 19.12% ash, and 3,150 kcal/kg was obtained. Also floating of the samples sinking in 1.4 gcm-3 in the medium density (1.7 gcm-3), middling with 18.70% combustible matter recovery, 41.93% ash, 2,150 kcal/kg, and tailing having 78.31% ash were obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]