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The creation of antibacterial nanocomposites that provide prolonged release of encapsulated drugs is of great interest for various fields of medicine (dentistry, tissue regeneration, etc.). This article demonstrates the possibility of creating such nanocomposites based on sodium alginate and drug-templated mesoporous silica nanocontainers (MSNs) loaded with two bioactive substances. Herein, we thoroughly study all stages of the process, starting with the synthesis of MSNs using antiseptic micelles containing the hydrophobic drug quercetin and ending with assessing the activity of the resulting composites against various microorganisms. The main emphasis is on studying the quercetin solubilization in antiseptic micelles as well as establishing the relationship between the conditions of MSN synthesis and micelle morphology and capacity. The effect of medium pH on the release rate of encapsulated drugs is also evaluated. It was shown that the MSNs contained large amounts of encapsulated drugs and that the rate of drug unloading depended on the medium pH. The incorporation of such MSNs into the alginate matrix allowed for a prolonged release of the drugs.

Background. Sjogren syndrome (SS) affects approximately 0.5 % of the general population, which makes it one of the most common systemic autoimmune diseases, second only to rheumatoid arthritis. SS is classically considered as a disease of the exocrine glands, manifested mainly by dryness of the mouth and eyes, however, it has a wide range of systemic clinical manifestations that affect almost any organ system, and a small number of cases are complicated by the development of lymphoproliferative diseases, which makes it difficult to verify this disease. The purpose of the study is to analyse clinical manifestations and assessment of difficulties in differential diagnosis of SS in real clinical practice. Materials and methods. A case of SS was retrospectively identified with subsequent analysis of a patient with primary SS. Results. Diagnosis of the SS is an interdisciplinary problem that requires timely recognition, analysis of the clinical features of this disease, timely administration of therapy, as well as regular monitoring of this group of patients in order to exclude complications, since the transformation of the SS into lymphoproliferative diseases is several tens of times higher than in the general population.

Background. Systemic scleroderma (SSD), a chronic rheumatological disease of connective tissue of autoimmune origin, the pathogenesis of which is based on a chronic inflammatory process, severe microcirculation disorders, the development of systemic fibrosis, has in the expanded stage of the clinical picture a lesion of the skin, musculoskeletal, musculoskeletal system and almost all internal organs. It is very important that there is a holistic perception of scleroderma as one of the systemic diseases of connective tissue, which, with the limited therapeutic potential of drugs, has a tendency to an unfavorable prognosis due to the high probability of irreversible damage to internal organs. The purpose of the study is to analyse the polysyndromicity and severity of clinical manifestations of SSD, the need for a thorough comprehensive assessment of symptoms and syndromes, a wide range of diagnostic measures and the importance of timely appointment of adequate therapy. Materials and methods. The analysis of a clinical case (a patient aged 74 years who was treated in June 2019 in the Department of therapy No. 1 of the State Medical Institution “Penza Clinical Hospital No. 4”) is presented. Results. In this patient, who has typical signs of sclerodermic lesions of the skin and internal organs, a reliable diagnosis of systemic connective tissue disease was determined at the stage of virtually total, irreversible lesions. The effectiveness of therapy, despite the slight positive dynamics, was extremely insufficient, the phenomena of congestive pneumonia were stopped, but signs of severe heart failure remained almost unchanged, which predetermined an extremely serious prognosis not only for recovery, but also for life. Conclusions. Extremely late and untimely diagnosis of SSD is associated with long-term long-term observation and treatment of the patient by various narrow specialists, and each of them has its own separate disease. The above clinical case demonstrates the low awareness of primary care physicians about the clinical picture of systemic rheumatological diseases. It seems necessary, with the undoubted consideration of the modern development of the instrumental and laboratory base for the diagnosis of rare diseases, a wider introduction into clinical practice of diagnostic criteria for early diagnosis, as well as greater importance to attach to the development of a doctor's ability to systemically analyze complaints, anamnesis and physical examination of patients.

Background. This study presents new approaches to the mechanisms of regulation and mutual influences of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and indicators of cardiac activity at different stages of the maturation of the nervous system. Materials and methods. The object of the study is white non-fertile rats aged one, three, six and twenty weeks in the amount of 38 individuals (wiring of the Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Health Protection of Kazan Federal (Volga) University). The Ca-blocker verapamil was injected into the right femoral at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg, nonselective α, β-adrenomimetic noradrenaline was administered at a dose of 0.01mg/kg. As part of the study, the indicators of the variation pulsogram were evaluated and processed on a personal computer. Results. In adult and 6-week-old animals, the introduction of the Cablocker verapamil together with the noradrenalin adrenomimetic eliminated its positive chronotropic effect. Administration of a similar combination of drugs in animals of 1 and 3 weeks of age led to an increase in rat heart chronotropy. Against the background of combined administration of noradrenalin adrenomimetic and Ca-blocker verapamil, statistically significant increases in heart rate were detected in rats at the age of three weeks, with twophase acceleration of HR observed. Conclusion. Against the background of the use of noradrenalin and blockade of calcium currents, depending on the various stages of ripening of nervous system, special chronotropic effects on the heart were found. In adults and six weeks of animals, the administration of the Ca-blocker verapamil together with the adrenomimetic noradrenalin eliminated its positive chronotropic effect.

The article presents the results of the study of negative factors that accompany the process of building demolition and reduce the environmental safety of urban environment. Based on the system analysis of scientific research, the graph of the impact of negative factors on humans and the environment was compiled. The relevance of the study is justified by the need to ensure environmental safety in the production of demolition works. The purpose of the study was to identify the dependence of the level of negative impact on the characteristics of technological equipment and to improve the system of selecting protective measures, taking into account the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental safety. The result of the research is the developed conceptual model of decision-making on the choice and justification of the method of ensuring environmental safety during the liquidation of buildings in the conditions of dense construction on the basis of reducing the level of influence of negative factors. Practical application of the obtained results is possible in the design of building demolition as an additional justification for selecting the number and type of technological equipment, as well as an addition to the quality control system of works. Keywords: dismantling, recycling, construction waste, crushing plant, pollution, noise, dust, vibration

According to the approved strategy for the development of the country's transport complex, the current trend is to increase the energy efficiency of service and industrial buildings. The analysis of scientific research carried out confirms that the variety of energy-saving technologies complicates the process of choosing optimal design solutions. It is also noted that the primary indicators of the choice of energy-saving technologies do not take into account prospective operating costs, as well as a likely decrease in the reliability of the functioning of buildings and structures of the transport infrastructure during operation. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to develop a model for multi-criteria decision making on the choice of the optimal energy-saving technology. The article proposes four levels of ranging of criteria, taking into account federal requirements, regional and industry specifics, as well as the availability of local mechanisms for the implementation of energy-saving technologies. Normalized indicators are referred to supra-rank criteria. The significance of organizational-technological, technical-economic and operational-technical criteria is determined by the expert method. An example of determining the vector of priorities, both criteria for comparison, and alternative energy-saving technologies by the analysis of hierarchies is given. The result of the study is a decision-making model for choosing the optimal energy-saving technology, taking into account the prospects for the operation of transport infrastructure buildings. The practical application of the results obtained is possible both in new construction and in the repair and reconstruction of buildings as an addition to the quality control system of design solutions.

The relevant issues of real estate taxation of individuals in Russia have been considered and proposals has been formulated aimed at developing a land plot taxation and residential real estate of individuals from the standpoint of optimal mix of fiscal and social-regulatory functions of taxes. The purpose of the presented paper is to substantiate the key directions of development of taxation of immovable property of individuals in the Russian Federation, taking into account foreign experience, as well as to develop practical proposals for their implementation. The methods of system approach, analysis and synthesis, as well as abstraction and generalization have been applied. Conclusions have been made about the need to implement the fundamental principles of taxation by establishing a fair assessment of the value of real estate and the uniformity of the distribution of the tax burden of individuals in the taxation of property owned by them.

Chamberprotection of metals from atmospheric corrosion is a variety of vapor-phase inhibition. It is based on the effect of adsorption films formed in the vapors of low-volatile corrosion inhibitors at elevated temperatures. The paper analyzes the specific features of the chamber protection of a magnesium alloy with chlorobenzotriazole. It has been found that the protective properties of surface films formed in hot vapors of this compound increase upon exposure of the metal to air. The processes of structuring of protective films that occur in this case have been studied by a set of corrosion, electrochemical and physical methods. It has been shown that chamber treatment of the alloy is accompanied by chlorobenzotriazole adsorption and uniform thickening of the surface oxide-hydroxide layer. In this case, the corrosion processes slow down by a factor of up to 10. Prolonged exposure of the samples in air after the chamber treatment results in additional oxidation of magnesium and hydroxylation of the oxide. However, the oxide-hydroxide layer does not grow on the entire surface, but as separate islets. Such a change in the structure of the surface films results in an additional 10-fold increase in the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy.

The index method is an effective tool to study and assess consumer sentiment in the given territory by calculating the aggregated consumer sentiment indices based on sociological data. Our paper discusses methodological approaches used in international practice to measure and evaluate consumer sentiment with the help of integrated indices; we also consider trends in the consumer sentiment index of residents of Russia and the Vologda Oblast. Using multiple regression analysis, we investigate the impact of macroeconomic indicators on consumer sentiment. The information base of the research is presented by the results of the public opinion monitoring conducted by Vologda Research Center of RAS (VolRC RAS), all-Russian analytical centers (Levada-Center, International Institute for Marketing and Social Research GfK Rus), as well as by the data of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and the territorial office of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Vologda Oblast (Vologdastat). The basis of various methods used in the world practice to study consumer sentiment is formed by a technique developed in the 1950s by the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research (USA). The technique involves constructing an aggregate consumer sentiment index and has become widespread in Russia; RAS Vologda Research Center has extensive experience in regional studies of consumer attitudes and behavior based on sociological data. The results of its regional monitoring largely correlate with the all-Russian indicators, but the consumer sentiment of the Vologda Oblast residents during the measurement period is less favorable than in Russia as a whole. At the same time, long-term forecasts for development of the Russian economy look more optimistic than the estimates of the current state and short-term prospects. Such macroeconomic indicators as the turnover of retail trade of food and non-food products, the dynamics of industrial production, the consumer price index and people’s monetary incomes have a significant impact on the formation of consumer sentiment in the region. In general, the use of the indices in the studies of consumer behavior provides a rare opportunity to take into account psychological factors in the modeling and forecasting of the economy, which allows us to detect trends of the socio-economic situation in time and, on this basis, to make adjustments to the management of economic processes

Approaches to the formation of the value of objects of taxation of real estate of individuals in foreign countries and the establishment of tax rates have been examined. An analysis of tax revenues on real estate of individuals in highly developed countries has been carried out. General trends in property taxation of individuals have been identified. Basic provisions, on which modern systems of real estate taxation of individuals are based, have been formulated. Problems of real property taxation in Russia have been identified. Ways of determining the tax base taking into account the world experience and Russian reality have been proposed. Proposals for the application of tax rates and the implementation of the principle of justice have been elaborated.