252 results on '"Delzon S."'
Search Results
2. Advanced vascular function discovered in a widespread moss
- Author
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Brodribb, T. J., Carriquí, M., Delzon, S., McAdam, S. A. M., and Holbrook, N. M.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Keep in touch: the soil-root hydraulic continuum and its role in drought resistance in crops
- Author
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Affortit, P, primary, Ahmed, M, additional, Grondin, A, additional, Delzon, S, additional, Carminati, A, additional, and Laplaze, L, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Integrating interactive effects of chilling and photoperiod in phenological process-based models. A case study with two European tree species: Fagus sylvatica and Quercus petraea
- Author
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Gauzere, J., Delzon, S., Davi, H., Bonhomme, M., Garcia de Cortazar-Atauri, I., and Chuine, I.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Linking seed size and number to trait syndromes in trees
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Bogdziewicz, M, Acuña, MCA, Andrus, R, Ascoli, D, Bergeron, Y, Brveiller, D, Boivin, T, Bonal, R, Caignard, T, Cailleret, M, Calama, R, Calderon, SD, Camarero, JJ, Chang-Yang, CH, Chave, J, Chianucci, F, Cleavitt, NL, Courbaud, B, Cutini, A, Curt, T, Das, A, Davi, H, Delpierre, N, Delzon, S, Dietze, M, Dormont, L, Farfan-Rios, W, Gehring, CA, Gilbert, GS, Gratzer, G, Greenberg, CH, Guignabert, A, Guo, Q, Hacket-Pain, A, Hampe, A, Han, Q, Hoshizaki, K, Ibanez, I, Johnstone, JF, Journé, V, Kitzberger, T, Knops, JMH, Kunstler, G, Kobe, R, Lageard, JGA, LaMontagne, JM, Ledwon, M, Leininger, T, Limousin, JM, Lutz, JA, Macias, D, Marell, A, McIntire, EJB, Moran, E, Motta, R, Myers, J, Nagel, TA, Naoe, S, Noguchi, M, Oguro, M, Kurokawa, H, Ourcival, JM, Parmenter, R, Perez-Ramos, IM, Piechnik, L, Podgórski, T, Poulsen, J, Qiu, T, Redmond, MD, Reid, CD, Rodman, KC, Šamonil, P, Holik, J, Scher, CL, Van Marle, HS, Seget, B, Shibata, M, Sharma, S, Silman, M, Steele, MA, Straub, JN, Sun, IF, Sutton, S, Swenson, J, Thomas, PA, Uriarte, M, Vacchiano, G, Veblen, TT, Wright, B, Wright, Sam, Whitham, TG, Zhu, K, Zimmerman, JK, Zywiec, M, Clark, JS, Bogdziewicz, M, Acuña, MCA, Andrus, R, Ascoli, D, Bergeron, Y, Brveiller, D, Boivin, T, Bonal, R, Caignard, T, Cailleret, M, Calama, R, Calderon, SD, Camarero, JJ, Chang-Yang, CH, Chave, J, Chianucci, F, Cleavitt, NL, Courbaud, B, Cutini, A, Curt, T, Das, A, Davi, H, Delpierre, N, Delzon, S, Dietze, M, Dormont, L, Farfan-Rios, W, Gehring, CA, Gilbert, GS, Gratzer, G, Greenberg, CH, Guignabert, A, Guo, Q, Hacket-Pain, A, Hampe, A, Han, Q, Hoshizaki, K, Ibanez, I, Johnstone, JF, Journé, V, Kitzberger, T, Knops, JMH, Kunstler, G, Kobe, R, Lageard, JGA, LaMontagne, JM, Ledwon, M, Leininger, T, Limousin, JM, Lutz, JA, Macias, D, Marell, A, McIntire, EJB, Moran, E, Motta, R, Myers, J, Nagel, TA, Naoe, S, Noguchi, M, Oguro, M, Kurokawa, H, Ourcival, JM, Parmenter, R, Perez-Ramos, IM, Piechnik, L, Podgórski, T, Poulsen, J, Qiu, T, Redmond, MD, Reid, CD, Rodman, KC, Šamonil, P, Holik, J, Scher, CL, Van Marle, HS, Seget, B, Shibata, M, Sharma, S, Silman, M, Steele, MA, Straub, JN, Sun, IF, Sutton, S, Swenson, J, Thomas, PA, Uriarte, M, Vacchiano, G, Veblen, TT, Wright, B, Wright, Sam, Whitham, TG, Zhu, K, Zimmerman, JK, Zywiec, M, and Clark, JS
- Abstract
Aim: Our understanding of the mechanisms that maintain forest diversity under changing climate can benefit from knowledge about traits that are closely linked to fitness. We tested whether the link between traits and seed number and seed size is consistent with two hypotheses, termed the leaf economics spectrum and the plant size syndrome, or whether reproduction represents an independent dimension related to a seed size–seed number trade-off. Location: Most of the data come from Europe, North and Central America and East Asia. A minority of the data come from South America, Africa and Australia. Time period: 1960–2022. Major taxa studied: Trees. Methods: We gathered 12 million observations of the number of seeds produced in 784 tree species. We estimated the number of seeds produced by individual trees and scaled it up to the species level. Next, we used principal components analysis and generalized joint attribute modelling (GJAM) to map seed number and size on the tree traits spectrum. Results: Incorporating seed size and number into trait analysis while controlling for environment and phylogeny with GJAM exposes relationships in trees that might otherwise remain hidden. Production of the large total biomass of seeds [product of seed number and seed size; hereafter, species seed productivity (SSP)] is associated with high leaf area, low foliar nitrogen, low specific leaf area (SLA) and dense wood. Production of high seed numbers is associated with small seeds produced by nutrient-demanding species with softwood, small leaves and high SLA. Trait covariation is consistent with opposing strategies: one fast-growing, early successional, with high dispersal, and the other slow-growing, stress-tolerant, that recruit in shaded conditions. Main conclusions: Earth system models currently assume that reproductive allocation is indifferent among plant functional types. Easily measurable seed size is a strong predictor of the seed number and species seed productivity. The co
- Published
- 2023
6. Masting is uncommon in trees that depend on mutualist dispersers in the context of global climate and fertility gradients
- Author
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Qiu, T, Aravena, MC, Ascoli, D, Bergeron, Y, Bogdziewicz, M, Boivin, T, Bonal, R, Caignard, T, Cailleret, M, Calama, R, Calderon, SD, Camarero, JJ, Chang-Yang, CH, Chave, J, Chianucci, F, Courbaud, B, Cutini, A, Das, AJ, Delpierre, N, Delzon, S, Dietze, M, Dormont, L, Espelta, JM, Fahey, TJ, Farfan-Rios, W, Franklin, JF, Gehring, CA, Gilbert, GS, Gratzer, G, Greenberg, CH, Guignabert, A, Guo, Q, Hacket-Pain, A, Hampe, A, Han, Q, Holik, J, Hoshizaki, K, Ibanez, I, Johnstone, JF, Journé, V, Kitzberger, T, Knops, JMH, Kunstler, G, Kurokawa, H, Lageard, J, LaMontagne, JM, Lefevre, F, Leininger, T, Limousin, JM, Lutz, JA, Macias, D, Marell, A, McIntire, EJB, Moore, CM, Moran, E, Motta, R, Myers, JA, Nagel, TA, Naoe, S, Noguchi, M, Oguro, M, Parmenter, R, Pearse, IS, Perez-Ramos, IM, Piechnik, L, Podgorski, T, Poulsen, J, Redmond, MD, Reid, CD, Rodman, KC, Rodriguez-Sanchez, F, Samonil, P, Sanguinetti, JD, Scher, CL, Seget, B, Sharma, S, Shibata, M, Silman, M, Steele, MA, Stephenson, NL, Straub, JN, Sutton, S, Swenson, JJ, Swift, M, Thomas, PA, Uriarte, M, Vacchiano, G, Whipple, AV, Whitham, TG, Wion, AP, Wright, SJ, Zhu, K, Zimmerman, JK, Zywiec, M, Clark, JS, Qiu, T, Aravena, MC, Ascoli, D, Bergeron, Y, Bogdziewicz, M, Boivin, T, Bonal, R, Caignard, T, Cailleret, M, Calama, R, Calderon, SD, Camarero, JJ, Chang-Yang, CH, Chave, J, Chianucci, F, Courbaud, B, Cutini, A, Das, AJ, Delpierre, N, Delzon, S, Dietze, M, Dormont, L, Espelta, JM, Fahey, TJ, Farfan-Rios, W, Franklin, JF, Gehring, CA, Gilbert, GS, Gratzer, G, Greenberg, CH, Guignabert, A, Guo, Q, Hacket-Pain, A, Hampe, A, Han, Q, Holik, J, Hoshizaki, K, Ibanez, I, Johnstone, JF, Journé, V, Kitzberger, T, Knops, JMH, Kunstler, G, Kurokawa, H, Lageard, J, LaMontagne, JM, Lefevre, F, Leininger, T, Limousin, JM, Lutz, JA, Macias, D, Marell, A, McIntire, EJB, Moore, CM, Moran, E, Motta, R, Myers, JA, Nagel, TA, Naoe, S, Noguchi, M, Oguro, M, Parmenter, R, Pearse, IS, Perez-Ramos, IM, Piechnik, L, Podgorski, T, Poulsen, J, Redmond, MD, Reid, CD, Rodman, KC, Rodriguez-Sanchez, F, Samonil, P, Sanguinetti, JD, Scher, CL, Seget, B, Sharma, S, Shibata, M, Silman, M, Steele, MA, Stephenson, NL, Straub, JN, Sutton, S, Swenson, JJ, Swift, M, Thomas, PA, Uriarte, M, Vacchiano, G, Whipple, AV, Whitham, TG, Wion, AP, Wright, SJ, Zhu, K, Zimmerman, JK, Zywiec, M, and Clark, JS
- Abstract
The benefits of masting (volatile, quasi-synchronous seed production at lagged intervals) include satiation of seed predators, but these benefits come with a cost to mutualist pollen and seed dispersers. If the evolution of masting represents a balance between these benefits and costs, we expect mast avoidance in species that are heavily reliant on mutualist dispersers. These effects play out in the context of variable climate and site fertility among species that vary widely in nutrient demand. Meta-analyses of published data have focused on variation at the population scale, thus omitting periodicity within trees and synchronicity between trees. From raw data on 12 million tree-years worldwide, we quantified three components of masting that have not previously been analysed together: (i) volatility, defined as the frequency-weighted year-to-year variation; (ii) periodicity, representing the lag between high-seed years; and (iii) synchronicity, indicating the tree-to-tree correlation. Results show that mast avoidance (low volatility and low synchronicity) by species dependent on mutualist dispersers explains more variation than any other effect. Nutrient-demanding species have low volatility, and species that are most common on nutrient-rich and warm/wet sites exhibit short periods. The prevalence of masting in cold/dry sites coincides with climatic conditions where dependence on vertebrate dispersers is less common than in the wet tropics. Mutualist dispersers neutralize the benefits of masting for predator satiation, further balancing the effects of climate, site fertility and nutrient demands.
- Published
- 2023
7. Drought response in Arabidopsis displays synergistic coordination between stems and leaves
- Author
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Thonglim, A., Bortolami, G., Delzon, S., Larter, M., Offringa, R., Keurentjes, J.J.B., Smets, E., Balazadeh, S., Lens, F., and Zhang Jianhua
- Subjects
Arabidopsis thaliana ,Physiology ,Plant Science ,drought response ,Laboratorium voor Erfelijkheidsleer ,stem anatomy ,chlorophyll content ,embolism resistance ,gene expression ,intervessel pit membrane thickness ,Life Science ,stem anatomy, stomatal control ,Laboratory of Genetics ,EPS ,stomatal control - Abstract
The synergy between drought-responsive traits across different organs is crucial in the whole-plant mechanism influencing drought resilience. These organ interactions, however, are poorly understood, limiting our understanding of drought response strategies at the whole-plant level. Therefore, we need more integrative studies, especially on herbaceous species that represent many important food crops but remain underexplored in their drought response. We investigated inflorescence stems and rosette leaves of six Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes with contrasting drought tolerance, and combined anatomical observations with hydraulic measurements and gene expression studies to assess differences in drought response. The soc1ful double mutant was the most drought-tolerant genotype based on its synergistic combination of low stomatal conductance, largest stomatal safety margin, more stable leaf water potential during non-watering, reduced transcript levels of drought stress marker genes, and reduced loss of chlorophyll content in leaves, in combination with stems showing the highest embolism resistance, most pronounced lignification, and thickest intervessel pit membranes. In contrast, the most sensitive Cvi ecotype shows the opposite extreme of the same set of traits. The remaining four genotypes show variations in this drought syndrome. Our results reveal that anatomical, ecophysiological, and molecular adaptations across organs are intertwined, and multiple (differentially combined) strategies can be applied to acquire a certain level of drought tolerance. ispartof: JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY vol:74 issue:3 ispartof: location:England status: Published online
- Published
- 2023
8. Variation in xylem vulnerability to embolism in European beech from geographically marginal populations
- Author
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Stojnić, S, Suchocka, M, Benito-Garzón, M, Torres-Ruiz, J M, Cochard, H, Bolte, A, Cocozza, C, Cvjetković, B, de Luis, M, Martinez-Vilalta, J, Ræbild, A, Tognetti, R, and Delzon, S
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- 2018
- Full Text
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9. Evolutionary dynamics of the leaf phenological cycle in an oak metapopulation along an elevation gradient
- Author
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Firmat, C., Delzon, S., Louvet, J.‐M., Parmentier, J., and Kremer, A.
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- 2017
- Full Text
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10. Limits to reproduction and seed size-number trade-offs that shape forest dominance and future recovery
- Author
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Qiu, T, Andrus, R, Aravena, MC, Ascoli, D, Bergeron, Y, Berretti, R, Berveiller, D, Bogdziewicz, M, Boivin, T, Bonal, R, Bragg, DC, Caignard, T, Calama, R, Camarero, JJ, Chang-Yang, CH, Cleavitt, NL, Courbaud, B, Courbet, F, Curt, T, Das, AJ, Daskalakou, E, Davi, H, Delpierre, N, Delzon, S, Dietze, M, Calderon, SD, Dormont, L, Espelta, J, Fahey, TJ, Farfan-Rios, W, Gehring, CA, Gilbert, GS, Gratzer, G, Greenberg, CH, Guo, Q, Hacket-Pain, A, Hampe, A, Han, Q, Hille Ris Lambers, J, Hoshizaki, K, Ibanez, I, Johnstone, JF, Journé, V, Kabeya, D, Kilner, CL, Kitzberger, T, Knops, JMH, Kobe, RK, Kunstler, G, Lageard, JGA, LaMontagne, JM, Ledwon, M, Lefevre, F, Leininger, T, Limousin, JM, Lutz, JA, Macias, D, McIntire, EJB, Moore, CM, Moran, E, Motta, R, Myers, JA, Nagel, TA, Noguchi, K, Ourcival, JM, Parmenter, R, Pearse, IS, Perez-Ramos, IM, Piechnik, L, Poulsen, J, Poulton-Kamakura, R, Redmond, MD, Reid, CD, Rodman, KC, Rodriguez-Sanchez, F, Sanguinetti, JD, Scher, CL, Schlesinger, WH, Schmidt Van Marle, H, Seget, B, Sharma, S, Silman, M, Steele, MA, Stephenson, NL, Straub, JN, Sun, IF, Sutton, S, Swenson, JJ, Swift, M, Thomas, PA, Uriarte, M, Vacchiano, G, Veblen, TT, Whipple, AV, Whitham, TG, Wion, AP, Wright, B, Wright, SJ, Zhu, K, Zimmerman, JK, Qiu, T, Andrus, R, Aravena, MC, Ascoli, D, Bergeron, Y, Berretti, R, Berveiller, D, Bogdziewicz, M, Boivin, T, Bonal, R, Bragg, DC, Caignard, T, Calama, R, Camarero, JJ, Chang-Yang, CH, Cleavitt, NL, Courbaud, B, Courbet, F, Curt, T, Das, AJ, Daskalakou, E, Davi, H, Delpierre, N, Delzon, S, Dietze, M, Calderon, SD, Dormont, L, Espelta, J, Fahey, TJ, Farfan-Rios, W, Gehring, CA, Gilbert, GS, Gratzer, G, Greenberg, CH, Guo, Q, Hacket-Pain, A, Hampe, A, Han, Q, Hille Ris Lambers, J, Hoshizaki, K, Ibanez, I, Johnstone, JF, Journé, V, Kabeya, D, Kilner, CL, Kitzberger, T, Knops, JMH, Kobe, RK, Kunstler, G, Lageard, JGA, LaMontagne, JM, Ledwon, M, Lefevre, F, Leininger, T, Limousin, JM, Lutz, JA, Macias, D, McIntire, EJB, Moore, CM, Moran, E, Motta, R, Myers, JA, Nagel, TA, Noguchi, K, Ourcival, JM, Parmenter, R, Pearse, IS, Perez-Ramos, IM, Piechnik, L, Poulsen, J, Poulton-Kamakura, R, Redmond, MD, Reid, CD, Rodman, KC, Rodriguez-Sanchez, F, Sanguinetti, JD, Scher, CL, Schlesinger, WH, Schmidt Van Marle, H, Seget, B, Sharma, S, Silman, M, Steele, MA, Stephenson, NL, Straub, JN, Sun, IF, Sutton, S, Swenson, JJ, Swift, M, Thomas, PA, Uriarte, M, Vacchiano, G, Veblen, TT, Whipple, AV, Whitham, TG, Wion, AP, Wright, B, Wright, SJ, Zhu, K, and Zimmerman, JK
- Abstract
The relationships that control seed production in trees are fundamental to understanding the evolution of forest species and their capacity to recover from increasing losses to drought, fire, and harvest. A synthesis of fecundity data from 714 species worldwide allowed us to examine hypotheses that are central to quantifying reproduction, a foundation for assessing fitness in forest trees. Four major findings emerged. First, seed production is not constrained by a strict trade-off between seed size and numbers. Instead, seed numbers vary over ten orders of magnitude, with species that invest in large seeds producing more seeds than expected from the 1:1 trade-off. Second, gymnosperms have lower seed production than angiosperms, potentially due to their extra investments in protective woody cones. Third, nutrient-demanding species, indicated by high foliar phosphorus concentrations, have low seed production. Finally, sensitivity of individual species to soil fertility varies widely, limiting the response of community seed production to fertility gradients. In combination, these findings can inform models of forest response that need to incorporate reproductive potential.
- Published
- 2022
11. The impact of drought-induced root and root hair shrinkage on root–soil contact
- Author
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Duddek, P., Carminati, A., Koebernick, N., Ohmann, Luise, Lovric, G., Delzon, S., Rodriguez‐Dominguez, C.-M., King, A., Ahmed, M.A., Duddek, P., Carminati, A., Koebernick, N., Ohmann, Luise, Lovric, G., Delzon, S., Rodriguez‐Dominguez, C.-M., King, A., and Ahmed, M.A.
- Abstract
no abstract
- Published
- 2022
12. Post-drought conditions and hydraulic dysfunction determine tree resilience and mortality across Mediterranean Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) populations after an extreme drought event
- Author
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Morcillo, L, primary, Muñoz-Rengifo, J C, additional, Torres-Ruiz, J M, additional, Delzon, S, additional, Moutahir, H, additional, and Vilagrosa, A, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. A meta-analysis of the ecological significance of density in tree invasions
- Author
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Delmas, C. E. L., Delzon, S., and Lortie, C. J.
- Published
- 2011
14. How reliable are methods to assess xylem vulnerability to cavitation? The issue of ‘open vessel’ artifact in oaks
- Author
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Martin-StPaul, N. K., Longepierre, D., Huc, R., Delzon, S., Burlett, R., Joffre, R., Rambal, S., and Cochard, H.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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15. Adaptive responses for seed and leaf phenology in natural populations of sessile oak along an altitudinal gradient
- Author
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ALBERTO, F., BOUFFIER, L., LOUVET, J. M., LAMY, J. B., DELZON, S., and KREMER, A.
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- 2011
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16. Higher needle anatomic plasticity is related to better water-use efficiency and higher resistance to embolism in fast-growing Pinus pinaster families under water scarcity
- Author
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Bert, D., primary, Le Provost, G., additional, Delzon, S., additional, Plomion, C., additional, and Gion, J.-M., additional
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- 2020
- Full Text
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17. Seasonal and long-term consequences of esca on grapevine stem xylem integrity
- Author
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Bortolami, G., primary, Farolfi, E., additional, Badel, E., additional, Burlett, R., additional, Cochard, H., additional, Ferrer, N., additional, King, A., additional, Lamarque, L.J., additional, Lecomte, P., additional, Marchesseau-Marchal, M., additional, Pouzoulet, J., additional, Torres-Ruiz, J.M., additional, Trueba, S., additional, Delzon, S., additional, Gambetta, G.A., additional, and Delmas, C.E.L., additional
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- 2020
- Full Text
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18. A comparison of five methods to assess embolism resistance in trees
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Sergent, A.S., primary, Varela, S.A., additional, Barigah, T.S., additional, Badel, E., additional, Cochard, H., additional, Dalla-Salda, G., additional, Delzon, S., additional, Fernández, M.E., additional, Guillemot, J., additional, Gyenge, J., additional, Lamarque, L.J., additional, Martinez-Meier, A., additional, Rozenberg, P., additional, Torres-Ruiz, J.M., additional, and Martin-StPaul, N.K., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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19. Modelling live fuel moisture content at leaf and canopy scale under extreme drought using a lumped plant hydraulic model
- Author
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Martin-StPaul, N, primary, Ruffault, J, additional, Blackmann, C, additional, Cochard, H, additional, De Cáceres, M, additional, Delzon, S, additional, Dupuy, JL, additional, Fargeon, H, additional, Lamarque, L, additional, Moreno, M, additional, Parsell, R, additional, Pimont, F, additional, Ourcival, JM, additional, Torres-Ruiz, J, additional, and Limousin, JM, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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20. Are plant pathogen populations adapted for encounter with their host? A case study of phenological synchrony between oak and an obligate fungal parasite along an altitudinal gradient
- Author
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DESPREZ-LOUSTAU, M.-L., VITASSE, Y., DELZON, S., CAPDEVIELLE, X., MARÇAIS, B., and KREMER, A.
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- 2010
- Full Text
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21. Factores bióticos y abióticos implicados en los procesos de decaimiento de bosques y matorrales mediterráneos secos y semiáridos
- Author
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Morcillo, L, Vilagrosa, A, Muño, Jc, Gallego, D, Torres Ruiz, Jose Manuel, Delzon, S, Centre d'Estudis Ambientals del Mediterrani = Centre for Mediterranean Environmental Studies (CEAM), Dpto. de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Torres Ruiz, José M.
- Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2019
22. Biotic and abiotic stresses involved in dry and semiarid Mediterranean forest decay processes
- Author
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Vilagrosa, A, Morcillo, L, Muño, Jc, Gallego, D, Torres Ruiz, Jose Manuel, Gonzále, U, Delzon, S, Centre d'Estudis Ambientals del Mediterrani = Centre for Mediterranean Environmental Studies (CEAM), Dpto. de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Torres Ruiz, José M.
- Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2019
23. Variation in xylem vulnerability to embolism in European beech from geographically marginal populations
- Author
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Stojnić, S., Suchocka, M., Benito-Garzón, M., Torres-Ruiz, J. M., Cochard, H., Bolte, A., Cocozza, C., Cvjetković, B., de Luis, M., Martinez-Vilalta, J., Ræbild, Anders, Tognetti, R., Delzon, S., Stojnić, S., Suchocka, M., Benito-Garzón, M., Torres-Ruiz, J. M., Cochard, H., Bolte, A., Cocozza, C., Cvjetković, B., de Luis, M., Martinez-Vilalta, J., Ræbild, Anders, Tognetti, R., and Delzon, S.
- Published
- 2018
24. Quantifying in situ phenotypic variability in the hydraulic properties of four tree species across their distribution range in Europe
- Author
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González-Muñoz, N., Sterck, F., Torres-Ruiz, J.M., Petit, G., Cochard, H., von Arx, G., Lintunen, A., Caldeira, M.C., Capdeville, G., Copini, P., Gebauer, R., Grönlund, L., Hölttä, T., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Peltoniemi, M., Stritih, A., Urban, J., Delzon, S., González-Muñoz, N., Sterck, F., Torres-Ruiz, J.M., Petit, G., Cochard, H., von Arx, G., Lintunen, A., Caldeira, M.C., Capdeville, G., Copini, P., Gebauer, R., Grönlund, L., Hölttä, T., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Peltoniemi, M., Stritih, A., Urban, J., and Delzon, S.
- Abstract
Many studies have reported that hydraulic properties vary considerably between tree species, but little is known about their intraspecific variation and, therefore, their capacity to adapt to a warmer and drier climate. Here, we quantify phenotypic divergence and clinal variation for embolism resistance, hydraulic conductivity and branch growth, in four tree species, two angiosperms (Betula pendula, Populus tremula) and two conifers (Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris), across their latitudinal distribution in Europe. Growth and hydraulic efficiency varied widely within species and between populations. The variability of embolism resistance was in general weaker than that of growth and hydraulic efficiency, and very low for all species but Populus tremula. In addition, no and weak support for a safety vs. efficiency trade-off was observed for the angiosperm and conifer species, respectively. The limited variability of embolism resistance observed here for all species except Populus tremula, suggests that forest populations will unlikely be able to adapt hydraulically to drier conditions through the evolution of embolism resistance.
- Published
- 2018
25. Data from: Quantifying in situ phenotypic variability in the hydraulic properties of four tree species across their distribution range in Europe
- Author
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González Muñoz, N., Sterck, F.J., Torres-Ruiz, J.M., Petit, Giai, Cochard, Hervé, von Arx, G., Lintunen, Anna, Caldeira, Maria C., Capdeville, G., Copini, P., Gebauer, Roman, Grönlund, Leila, Hölttä, Teemu, Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel L., Peltoniemi, M., Stritih, A., Urban, Josef, Delzon, S., González Muñoz, N., Sterck, F.J., Torres-Ruiz, J.M., Petit, Giai, Cochard, Hervé, von Arx, G., Lintunen, Anna, Caldeira, Maria C., Capdeville, G., Copini, P., Gebauer, Roman, Grönlund, Leila, Hölttä, Teemu, Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel L., Peltoniemi, M., Stritih, A., Urban, Josef, and Delzon, S.
- Published
- 2018
26. Quantifying in situ phenotypic variability in the hydraulic properties of four tree species across their distribution range in Europe
- Author
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González-Muñoz, N., primary, Sterck, F., additional, Torres-Ruiz, J. M., additional, Petit, G., additional, Cochard, H., additional, von Arx, G., additional, Lintunen, A., additional, Caldeira, M. C., additional, Capdeville, G., additional, Copini, P., additional, Gebauer, R., additional, Grönlund, L., additional, Hölttä, T., additional, Lobo-do-Vale, R., additional, Peltoniemi, M., additional, Stritih, A., additional, Urban, J., additional, and Delzon, S., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Variation in xylem vulnerability to embolism in European beech from geographically marginal populations
- Author
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Stojnić, S, primary, Suchocka, M, additional, Benito-Garzón, M, additional, Torres-Ruiz, J M, additional, Cochard, H, additional, Bolte, A, additional, Cocozza, C, additional, Cvjetković, B, additional, de Luis, M, additional, Martinez-Vilalta, J, additional, Ræbild, A, additional, Tognetti, R, additional, and Delzon, S, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. A synthesis of radial growth patterns preceding tree mortality
- Author
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Cailleret, M., Jansen, S., Robert, E. M. R., Desoto, L., Aakala, T., Antos, J. A., Beikircher, B., Bigler, C., Bugmann, H., Caccianiga, M., Čada, V., Camarero, J. J., Cherubini, P., Cochard, H., Coyea, M. R., Čufar, K., Das, A. J., Davi, H., Delzon, S., Dorman, M., Gea Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gillner, S., Haavik, L. J., Hartmann, H., Hereş, A. M., Hultine, K. R., Janda, P., Kane, J. M., Kharuk, V. I., Kitzberger, T., Klein, T., Kramer, K., Lens, F., Levanic, T., Linares Calderon, J. C., Lloret, F., Lobo-Do-Vale, R., Lombardi, F., López Rodríguez, R., Mäkinen, H., Mayr, S., Mészáros, I., Metsaranta, J. M., Minunno, F., Oberhuber, W., Papadopoulos, A., Peltoniemi, M., Petritan, A. M., Rohner, B., Sangüesa-Barreda, G., Sarris, D., Smith, J. M., Stan, A. B., Sterck, F., Stojanović, D. B., Suarez, M. L., Svoboda, M., Tognetti, R., Torres-Ruiz, J. M., Trotsiuk, V., Villalba, R., Vodde, F., Westwood, A. R., Wyckoff, P. H., Zafirov, N., Martínez-Vilalta, J., Cailleret, M., Jansen, S., Robert, E. M. R., Desoto, L., Aakala, T., Antos, J. A., Beikircher, B., Bigler, C., Bugmann, H., Caccianiga, M., Čada, V., Camarero, J. J., Cherubini, P., Cochard, H., Coyea, M. R., Čufar, K., Das, A. J., Davi, H., Delzon, S., Dorman, M., Gea Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gillner, S., Haavik, L. J., Hartmann, H., Hereş, A. M., Hultine, K. R., Janda, P., Kane, J. M., Kharuk, V. I., Kitzberger, T., Klein, T., Kramer, K., Lens, F., Levanic, T., Linares Calderon, J. C., Lloret, F., Lobo-Do-Vale, R., Lombardi, F., López Rodríguez, R., Mäkinen, H., Mayr, S., Mészáros, I., Metsaranta, J. M., Minunno, F., Oberhuber, W., Papadopoulos, A., Peltoniemi, M., Petritan, A. M., Rohner, B., Sangüesa-Barreda, G., Sarris, D., Smith, J. M., Stan, A. B., Sterck, F., Stojanović, D. B., Suarez, M. L., Svoboda, M., Tognetti, R., Torres-Ruiz, J. M., Trotsiuk, V., Villalba, R., Vodde, F., Westwood, A. R., Wyckoff, P. H., Zafirov, N., and Martínez-Vilalta, J.
- Abstract
Tree mortality is a key factor influencing forest functions and dynamics, but our understanding of the mechanisms leading to mortality and the associated changes in tree growth rates are still limited. We compiled a new pan-continental tree-ring width database from sites where both dead and living trees were sampled (2970 dead and 4224 living trees from 190 sites, including 36 species), and compared early and recent growth rates between trees that died and those that survived a given mortality event. We observed a decrease in radial growth before death in ca. 84% of the mortality events. The extent and duration of these reductions were highly variable (1-100 years in 96% of events) due to the complex interactions among study species and the source(s) of mortality. Strong and long-lasting declines were found for gymnosperms, shade- and drought-tolerant species, and trees that died from competition. Angiosperms and trees that died due to biotic attacks (especially bark-beetles) typically showed relatively small and short-term growth reductions. Our analysis did not highlight any universal trade-off between early growth and tree longevity within a species, although this result may also reflect high variability in sampling design among sites. The intersite and interspecific variability in growth patterns before mortality provides valuable information on the nature of the mortality process, which is consistent with our understanding of the physiological mechanisms leading to mortality. Abrupt changes in growth immediately before death can be associated with generalized hydraulic failure and/or bark-beetle attack, while long-term decrease in growth may be associated with a gradual decline in hydraulic performance coupled with depletion in carbon reserves. Our results imply that growth-based mortality algorithms may be a powerful tool for predicting gymnosperm mortality induced by chronic stress, but not necessarily so for angiosperms and in case of intense drought or bark
- Published
- 2017
29. Xylem resistance to embolism: Presenting a simple diagnostic test for the open vessel artefact
- Author
-
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Torres Ruiz, José Manuel, Padilla Díaz, C. M., Delzon, S., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Torres Ruiz, José Manuel, Padilla Díaz, C. M., and Delzon, S.
- Abstract
Xylem vulnerability to embolism represents an essential trait for the evaluation of the impact of hydraulics in plant function and ecology. The standard centrifuge technique is widely used for the construction of vulnerability curves, although its accuracy when applied to species with long vessels remains under debate. We developed a simple diagnostic test to determine whether the open-vessel artefact influences centrifuge estimates of embolism resistance. Xylem samples from three species with differing vessel lengths were exposed to less negative xylem pressures via centrifugation than the minimum pressure the sample had previously experienced. Additional calibration was obtained from non-invasive measurement of embolism on intact olive plants by X-ray microtomography. Results showed artefactual decreases in hydraulic conductance (k) for samples with open vessels when exposed to a less negative xylem pressure than the minimum pressure they had previously experienced. X-Ray microtomography indicated that most of the embolism formation in olive occurs at xylem pressures below -4.0 MPa, reaching 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity at -5.3 MPa. The artefactual reductions in k induced by centrifugation underestimate embolism resistance data of species with long vessels. A simple test is suggested to avoid this open vessel artefact and to ensure the reliability of this technique in future studies
- Published
- 2017
30. A synthesis of radial growth patterns preceding tree mortality
- Author
-
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Cailleret, Maxime, Jansen, S., Robert, E. M. R., DeSoto, Lucía, Aakala, T., Antos, J. A., Beikircher, B., Bigler, C., Bugmann, H., Caccianiga, Marco, Cada, V., Camarero, Jesús Julio, Cherubini, Paolo, Cochard, H., Coyea, M. R., Cufar, Katarina, Das, Adrian J., Davi, H., Delzon, S., Dorman, M., Gea Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gillner, S., Haavik, L. J., Hartmann, H., Hereş, Ana-María, Hultine, K. R., Janda, P., Kane, J. M., Kharuk, V. I., Kitzberger, Thomas, Klein, T., Kramer, K., Lens, F., Levanic, T., Linares, Juan Carlos, Lloret, Francisco, Lobo-Do-Vale, R., Lombardi, Fabio, López Rodríguez, R., Mäkinen, H., Mayr, S., Mészáros, Itzván, Metsaranta, J. M., Minunno, F., Oberhuber, W., Papadopoulos, A., Peltoniemi, M., Petritan, A.M., Rohner, B., Sangüesa-Barreda, G., Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Cailleret, Maxime, Jansen, S., Robert, E. M. R., DeSoto, Lucía, Aakala, T., Antos, J. A., Beikircher, B., Bigler, C., Bugmann, H., Caccianiga, Marco, Cada, V., Camarero, Jesús Julio, Cherubini, Paolo, Cochard, H., Coyea, M. R., Cufar, Katarina, Das, Adrian J., Davi, H., Delzon, S., Dorman, M., Gea Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gillner, S., Haavik, L. J., Hartmann, H., Hereş, Ana-María, Hultine, K. R., Janda, P., Kane, J. M., Kharuk, V. I., Kitzberger, Thomas, Klein, T., Kramer, K., Lens, F., Levanic, T., Linares, Juan Carlos, Lloret, Francisco, Lobo-Do-Vale, R., Lombardi, Fabio, López Rodríguez, R., Mäkinen, H., Mayr, S., Mészáros, Itzván, Metsaranta, J. M., Minunno, F., Oberhuber, W., Papadopoulos, A., Peltoniemi, M., Petritan, A.M., Rohner, B., Sangüesa-Barreda, G., and Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi
- Abstract
Tree mortality is a key factor influencing forest functions and dynamics, but our understanding of the mechanisms leading to mortality and the associated changes in tree growth rates are still limited. We compiled a new pan-continental tree-ring width database from sites where both dead and living trees were sampled (2970 dead and 4224 living trees from 190 sites, including 36 species), and compared early and recent growth rates between trees that died and those that survived a given mortality event. We observed a decrease in radial growth before death in ca. 84% of the mortality events. The extent and duration of these reductions were highly variable (1–100 years in 96% of events) due to the complex interactions among study species and the source(s) of mortality. Strong and long-lasting declines were found for gymnosperms, shade- and drought-tolerant species, and trees that died from competition. Angiosperms and trees that died due to biotic attacks (especially bark-beetles) typically showed relatively small and short-term growth reductions. Our analysis did not highlight any universal trade-off between early growth and tree longevity within a species, although this result may also reflect high variability in sampling design among sites. The intersite and interspecific variability in growth patterns before mortality provides valuable information on the nature of the mortality process, which is consistent with our understanding of the physiological mechanisms leading to mortality. Abrupt changes in growth immediately before death can be associated with generalized hydraulic failure and/or bark-beetle attack, while long-term decrease in growth may be associated with a gradual decline in hydraulic performance coupled with depletion in carbon reserves. Our results imply that growth-based mortality algorithms may be a powerful tool for predicting gymnosperm mortality induced by chronic stress, but not necessarily so for angiosperms and in case of intense drought or bark
- Published
- 2017
31. On research priorities to advance understanding of the safety-efficiency tradeoff in xylem: A response to Bittencourt etal.'s (2016) comment 'On xylem hydraulic efficiencies, wood space-use and the safety-efficiency tradeoff': in this issue of New Phytologist, pp. 1152-1155
- Author
-
Gleason, S.M., Westoby, M., Jansen, S., Choat, B., Brodribb, T.J., Cochard, H., Delzon, S., Hacke, U.G., Jacobsen, A.L., Johnson, D.M., Lens, F.P., Maherali, H., Martinez-Vilalta, J., Mayr, S., McCulloh, K.A., Morris, H., Nardini, A., Plavcova, L., Pratt, R.B., Schreiber, S.G., and Zanne, A.E.
- Subjects
tradeoff ,hydraulic safety ,Water ,Plant Transpiration ,plant hydraulics ,hydraulic efficiency ,xylem ,Wood - Published
- 2016
32. Why do trees take more risks in the Amazon?
- Author
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Torres-Ruiz, José, Cochard, Hervé, Delzon, S, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), and JPH, Editor
- Subjects
tree ,Amazon ,forest ,arbre ,Vegetal Biology ,amazonie ,forêt ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,Biologie végétale ,écosystème forestier - Abstract
International audience; Rowland et al. (2015) published recently in Nature a study suggesting that "death from drought in tropical forests is triggered by hydraulics not carbon starvation". We have reanalyzed they data with the objective of placing them in a more global perspective.
- Published
- 2016
33. Weak tradeoff between xylem safety and xylemspecific hydraulic efficiency across the world’s woody plant species
- Author
-
Maherali, H., Cao, K-.F., Schreiber, S.G., Brodribb, T.J., Westoby, M., Hacke, U.G., Jacobsen, A.L., Lens, F., Choat, B., Wright, I.J., Pittermann, J., Gleason, S., Bhaskar, R., Nardini, A., Morris, H., Mayr, S., Bucci, S.J., Mencuccini, M., Johnson, D.M., Mitchell, P.J., Fan, Z-.X., Sperry, J.S., Delzon, S., Zanne, A.E., Martínez-Vilalta, J., Cochard, H., Plavcová, L., McCulloh, K.A., Jansen, S., Domec, J-.C., Pratt, R.B., and Feild, T.S.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Plant resistance to drought relies on early stomatal closure
- Author
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Martin-StPaul, N, primary, Delzon, S, additional, and Cochard, H, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Periods of water stress in olive trees under regulated deficit irrigation do not affect their anatomical structure
- Author
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Padilla Díaz, C. M., Torres Ruiz, José Manuel, Hernández Santana, V., Delzon, S., and Fernández Luque, José Enrique
- Abstract
Póster presentado en el Xylem International Meeting, 7-9 September 2015, Bordeaux, France., Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is widely recommended for high density olive orchards. However, plants under this irrigation strategy are exposed to sudden and marked changes in soil water status. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of RDI on main xylem anatomical traits of olive trees and to assess their influence in the plant water status and gas exchange. We worked with trees in a super high density `Arbequina¿ olive orchard, under both full irrigation (FI) and a RDI treatment supplying ca. 45% of the water applied to the FI trees. Marked differences between treatments both in water status and gas exchange were found in periods when irrigation was reduced for the RDI trees. Despite of the differences on water status, xylem vessel density, xylem vessel diameter distribution and theoretical specific conductivity, were not influence by the irrigation treatments. This agrees with the high adaptation of the olive tree to drought. In summary, our results suggest that RDI can be used in olive orchards without causing permanent hydraulic limitation in the plants.
- Published
- 2015
36. Psiché : A synchrotron tomography beamline at Soleil designed for Material Science
- Author
-
KING, A., GUIGNOT, N., ZERBINO, P., DESJARDINS, Kewin, PERILLAT, J.-P, LEGODEC, Y., DELZON, S, GELEBART, L., LENOIR, Nicolas, BORNERT, Michel, ITIE, J.P., Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Service des Recherches Métallurgiques Appliquées (SRMA), Département des Matériaux pour le Nucléaire (DMN), CEA-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire (CEA-DEN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-CEA-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire (CEA-DEN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Navier (navier umr 8205), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Documentation, Navier
- Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,[SPI.GCIV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering ,[SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics] ,[SPI.GCIV] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2015
37. Are xylem anatomical traits affected by irrigation management? A case study in olive
- Author
-
Padilla Díaz, C. M., Torres Ruiz, José Manuel, Hernández Santana, V., Delzon, S., and Fernández Luque, José Enrique
- Subjects
education - Published
- 2015
38. Establishing a Wild, Ex Situ Population of a Critically Endangered Shade-Tolerant Rainforest Conifer: A Translocation Experiment
- Author
-
Delzon, S, Zimmer, HC, Offord, CA, Auld, TD, Baker, PJ, Delzon, S, Zimmer, HC, Offord, CA, Auld, TD, and Baker, PJ
- Abstract
Translocation can reduce extinction risk by increasing population size and geographic range, and is increasingly being used in the management of rare and threatened plant species. A critical determinant of successful plant establishment is light environment. Wollemia nobilis (Wollemi pine) is a critically endangered conifer, with a wild population of 83 mature trees and a highly restricted distribution of less than 10 km2. We used under-planting to establish a population of W. nobilis in a new rainforest site. Because its optimal establishment conditions were unknown, we conducted an experimental translocation, planting in a range of different light conditions from deeply shaded to high light gaps. Two years after the experimental translocation, 85% of plants had survived. There were two distinct responses: very high survival (94%) but very low growth, and lower survival (69%) and higher growth, associated with initial plant condition. Overall survival of translocated W. nobilis was strongly increased in planting sites with higher light, in contrast to previous studies demonstrating long-term survival of wild W. nobilis juveniles in deep shade. Translocation by under-planting may be useful in establishing new populations of shade-tolerant plant species, not least by utilizing the range of light conditions that occur in forest understories.
- Published
- 2016
39. Nitrogen saturation and net ecosystem production - Reply
- Author
-
MAGNANI, FEDERICO, Mencuccini M., Borghetti M., Berninger F., Delzon S., Grelle A., Hari P., Jarvis P. G., Kolari P., Kowalski A. S., Lankreijer H., Law B. E., Lindroth A., Loustau D., Manca G., Moncrieff J., Tedeschi V., Valentini R., Grace J., Magnani F., Mencuccini M., Borghetti M., Berninger F., Delzon S., Grelle A., Hari P., Jarvis P.G., Kolari P., Kowalski A.S., Lankreijer H., Law B.E., Lindroth A., Loustau D., Manca G., Moncrieff J., Tedeschi V., Valentini R., and Grace J.
- Subjects
CAMBIAMENTI CLIMATICI ,CICLO DEL CARBONIO ,CICLO DELL'AZOTO ,INQUINAMENTO ,FORESTE - Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition alters ecosystem function in several ways, with important effects on N leaching and water quality, as well as on interspecific competition and biodiversity. These changes have been attributed to ecosystem N saturation, defined as the alleviation of N limitations on rates of biological function1. After an initial fertilization effect, N saturation has also been suggested to reduce plant function and growth2, eventually leading to forest dieback. Although our observation of a substantial positive effect of N deposition on forest carbon (C) sequestration3 does not imply the absence of nitrate losses or other negative effects, as rightly stressed by De Schrijver et al.4, the sustained response observed demonstrates that the fear of a generalized forest decline in response to N fertilization could be overstated, at least within the rather broad N deposition range explored in our analysis. The nature of the observed response of forest C sequestration toNdeposition, however, has been questioned outright by de Vries et al.5, who suggested that it could be an artefact resulting from the covariation between N deposition and other environmental variables. The arguments proposed against an overwhelming N effect, however, do not seemto stand up to close scrutiny. Far from implausible, a 200:1 sensitivity is nevertheless higher than suggested by long-term forest fertilization experiments. Potential problems withNmanipulation studies have already been discussed. In particular, they overlook the role of canopy N uptake, which enables plants to absorb a relevant fraction of incoming N without any competition from soil microbes. Canopy N uptake amounts to up to 70% of N deposition, providing as much as one-third of tree N requirements. The critical comparison of results from ecosystem manipulation and observational studies could be providing a rare, unforeseen insight into the key factors controlling C–N relations in forest ecosystems.
- Published
- 2008
40. The human footprint in the carbon cycle of established temperate and boreal forests
- Author
-
MAGNANI, FEDERICO, Mencuccini M., Borghetti M., Berbigier P., Berninger F., Delzon S., Grelle A., Hari P., Jarvis P. G., Kolari P., Kowalski A. S., Lankreijer H., Law B. E., Lindroth A., Loustau D., Manca G., Moncrieff J., Rayment M., Tedeschi V., Valentini R., Grace J., Magnani F., Mencuccini M., Borghetti M., Berbigier P., Berninger F., Delzon S., Grelle A., Hari P., Jarvis P.G., Kolari P., Kowalski A.S., Lankreijer H., Law B.E., Lindroth A., Loustau D., Manca G., Moncrieff J., Rayment M., Tedeschi V., Valentini R., and Grace J.
- Subjects
NITROGEN DEPOSITION ,CARBON SEQUESTRATION ,GLOBAL CHANGE ,FOREST ,BIOGEOCHEMISTRY - Abstract
Temperate and boreal forests in the Northern Hemisphere cover an area of about 23107 square kilometres and act as a substantial carbon sink (0.6–0.7 petagrams of carbon per year)1. Although forest expansion following agricultural abandonment is certainly responsible for an important fraction of this carbon sink activity, the additional effects on the carbon balance of established forests of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, increasing temperatures, changes in management practices and nitrogen deposition are difficult to disentangle, despite an extensive network of measurement stations2,3. The relevance of this measurement effort has also been questioned4, because spot measurements fail to take into account the role of disturbances, either natural (fire, pests, windstorms) or anthropogenic (forest harvesting). Here we show that the temporal dynamics following stand-replacing disturbances do indeed account for a very large fraction of the overall variability in forest carbon sequestration. After the confounding effects of disturbance have been factored out, however, forest net carbon sequestration is found to be overwhelmingly driven by nitrogen deposition, largely the result of anthropogenic activities5. The effect is always positive over the range of nitrogen deposition covered by currently available data sets, casting doubts on the risk of widespread ecosystem nitrogen saturation6 under natural conditions. The results demonstrate that mankind is ultimately controlling the carbon balance of temperate and boreal forests, either directly (through forest management) or indirectly (through nitrogen deposition).
- Published
- 2007
41. Tomography and imaging at the PSICHE beam line of the SOLEIL synchrotron
- Author
-
King, A., primary, Guignot, N., additional, Zerbino, P., additional, Boulard, E., additional, Desjardins, K., additional, Bordessoule, M., additional, Leclerq, N., additional, Le, S., additional, Renaud, G., additional, Cerato, M., additional, Bornert, M., additional, Lenoir, N., additional, Delzon, S., additional, Perrillat, J.-P., additional, Legodec, Y., additional, and Itié, J.-P., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Why Is Seed Production So Variable among Individuals? A Ten-Year Study with Oaks Reveals the Importance of Soil Environment
- Author
-
Delzon, S, Perez-Ramos, IM, Aponte, C, Garcia, LV, Padilla-Diaz, CM, Maranon, T, Delzon, S, Perez-Ramos, IM, Aponte, C, Garcia, LV, Padilla-Diaz, CM, and Maranon, T
- Abstract
Mast-seeding species exhibit not only a large inter-annual variability in seed production but also considerable variability among individuals within the same year. However, very little is known about the causes and consequences for population dynamics of this potentially large between-individual variability. Here, we quantified seed production over ten consecutive years in two Mediterranean oak species - the deciduous Quercus canariensis and the evergreen Q. suber - that coexist in forests of southern Spain. First, we calibrated likelihood models to identify which abiotic and biotic variables best explain the magnitude (hereafter seed productivity) and temporal variation of seed production at the individual level (hereafter CVi), and infer whether reproductive effort results from the available soil resources for the plant or is primarily determined by selectively favoured strategies. Second, we explored the contribution of between-individual variability in seed production as a potential mechanism of satiation for predispersal seed predators. We found that Q. canariensis trees inhabiting moister and more fertile soils were more productive than those growing in more resource-limited sites. Regarding temporal variation, individuals of the two studied oak species inhabiting these resource-rich environments also exhibited larger values of CVi. Interestingly, we detected a satiating effect on granivorous insects at the tree level in Q. suber, which was evident in those years where between-individual variability in acorn production was higher. These findings suggest that individual seed production (both in terms of seed productivity and inter-annual variability) is strongly dependent on soil resource heterogeneity (at least for one of the two studied oak species) with potential repercussions for recruitment and population dynamics. However, other external factors (such as soil heterogeneity in pathogen abundance) or certain inherent characteristics of the tree might be als
- Published
- 2014
43. X-ray microtomography (micro-CT): a reference technology for high-resolution quantification of xylem embolism in trees
- Author
-
COCHARD, H., primary, DELZON, S., additional, and BADEL, E., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Trade-offs between xylem hydraulic properties, wood anatomy and yield in Populus
- Author
-
Hajek, P., primary, Leuschner, C., additional, Hertel, D., additional, Delzon, S., additional, and Schuldt, B., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. The enigma of the rise of angiosperms: can we untie the knot?
- Author
-
Augusto, L., primary, Davies, T. J., additional, Delzon, S., additional, and Schrijver, A., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Global convergence in the vulnerability of forests to drought
- Author
-
Choat, B., Jansen, S., Brodribb, T.J., Cochard, H., Delzon, S., Bhaskar, R., Bucci, S.J., Feild, T.S., Gleason, S.M., Hacke, U.G., Jacobsen, A.L., Lens, F. (Frederic), Maherali, H., Martínez-Vilalta, J., Mayr, S., Mencuccini, M., Mitchell, P.J., Nardini, A., Pittermann, J., Pratt, R.B., Sperry, J.S., Westoby, M., Wright, I.J., Zanne, A.E., Choat, B., Jansen, S., Brodribb, T.J., Cochard, H., Delzon, S., Bhaskar, R., Bucci, S.J., Feild, T.S., Gleason, S.M., Hacke, U.G., Jacobsen, A.L., Lens, F. (Frederic), Maherali, H., Martínez-Vilalta, J., Mayr, S., Mencuccini, M., Mitchell, P.J., Nardini, A., Pittermann, J., Pratt, R.B., Sperry, J.S., Westoby, M., Wright, I.J., and Zanne, A.E.
- Abstract
Shifts in rainfall patterns and increasing temperatures associated with climate change are likely to cause widespread forest decline in regions where droughts are predicted to increase in duration and severity. One primary cause of productivity loss and plant mortality during drought is hydraulic failure. Drought stress creates trapped gas emboli in the water transport system, which reduces the ability of plants to supply water to leaves for photosynthetic gas exchange and can ultimately result in desiccation and mortality. At present we lack a clear picture of how thresholds to hydraulic failure vary across a broad range of species and environments, despite many individual experiments. Here we draw together published and unpublished data on the vulnerability of the transport system to drought-induced embolism for a large number of woody species, with a view to examining the likely consequences of climate change for forest biomes. We show that 70% of 226 forest species from 81 sites worldwide operate with narrow (,1 megapascal) hydraulic safety margins against injurious levels of drought stress and therefore potentially face long-term reductions in productivity and survival if temperature and aridity increase as predicted for many regions across the globe. Safety margins are largely independent of mean annual precipitation, showing that there is global convergence in the vulnerability of forests to drought, with all forest biomes equally vulnerable to hydraulic failure regardless of their current rainfall environment. These findings provide insight into why drought-induced forest decline is occurring not only in arid regions but also in wet forests not normally considered at drought risk.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Facilitation in plant communities: the past, the present, and the future
- Author
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Brooker, R.W., Maestre, F.T., Callaway, R.M., Lortie, C.L., Cavieres, L.A., Kunstler, G., Liancourt, P., Tielborger, K., Travis, J.M.J., Anthelme, F., Armas, C., Coll, L., Corcket, E., Delzon, S., Forey, E., Kikvidze, Z., Olofsson, Johan, Pugnaire, F., Quiroz, C.L., Saccone, P., Schiffers, K., Seifan, M., Touzard, B., Michalet, R., Brooker, R.W., Maestre, F.T., Callaway, R.M., Lortie, C.L., Cavieres, L.A., Kunstler, G., Liancourt, P., Tielborger, K., Travis, J.M.J., Anthelme, F., Armas, C., Coll, L., Corcket, E., Delzon, S., Forey, E., Kikvidze, Z., Olofsson, Johan, Pugnaire, F., Quiroz, C.L., Saccone, P., Schiffers, K., Seifan, M., Touzard, B., and Michalet, R.
- Abstract
1. Once neglected, the role of facilitative interactions in plant communities has received considerable attention in the last two decades, and is now widely recognized. It is timely to consider the progress made by research in this field. 2. We review the development of plant facilitation research, focusing on the history of the field, the relationship between plant–plant interactions and environmental severity gradients, and attempts to integrate facilitation into mainstream ecological theory. We then consider future directions for facilitation research. 3. With respect to our fundamental understanding of plant facilitation, clarification of the relationship between interactions and environmental gradients is central for further progress, and necessitates the design and implementation of experiments that move beyond the clear limitations of previous studies. 4. There is substantial scope for exploring indirect facilitative effects in plant communities, including their impacts on diversity and evolution, and future studies should connect the degree of non-transitivity in plant competitive networks to community diversity and facilitative promotion of species coexistence, and explore how the role of indirect facilitation varies with environmental severity. 5. Certain ecological modelling approaches (e.g. individual-based modelling), although thus far largely neglected, provide highly useful tools for exploring these fundamental processes. 6. Evolutionary responses might result from facilitative interactions, and consideration of facilitation might lead to re-assessment of the evolution of plant growth forms. 7. Improved understanding of facilitation processes has direct relevance for the development of tools for ecosystem restoration, and for improving our understanding of the response of plant species and communities to environmental change drivers. 8. Attempts to apply our developing ecological knowledge would benefit from explicit recognition of the potential role
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Xylem embolism threshold for catastrophic hydraulic failure in angiosperm trees
- Author
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Urli, M., primary, Porte, A. J., additional, Cochard, H., additional, Guengant, Y., additional, Burlett, R., additional, and Delzon, S., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Hydraulic efficiency and safety of vascular and non-vascular components in Pinus pinaster leaves
- Author
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Charra-Vaskou, K., primary, Badel, E., additional, Burlett, R., additional, Cochard, H., additional, Delzon, S., additional, and Mayr, S., additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Plasmodesmatal pores in the torus of bordered pit membranes affect cavitation resistance of conifer xylem
- Author
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JANSEN, S., primary, LAMY, J.-B., additional, BURLETT, R., additional, COCHARD, H., additional, GASSON, P., additional, and DELZON, S., additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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