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843 results on '"Dell'Oro, S."'

1. Search for charged excited states of dark matter with KamLAND-Zen

Author

Abe, S, Eizuka, M, Futagi, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Goto, S, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Hosokawa, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Ishidoshiro, K, Kamei, Y, Kawada, N, Kishimoto, Y, Koga, M, Kurasawa, M, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Morita, D, Nakahata, T, Nakajima, R, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Nakane, J, Ozaki, H, Sakai, T, Shimizu, I, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Shoji, R, Suzuki, A, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Watanabe, H, Watanabe, K, Obara, S, Yoshida, S, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Kotera, K, Urano, Y, Ichikawa, A, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Axani, SN, Fu, Z, Smolsky, J, Winslow, LA, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Dell'Oro, S, O'Donnell, T, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, Decowski, MP, Weerman, KM, Grant, C, Li, A, and Song, H

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Dark matter, Organic liquid scintillator, Xenon, Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

Particle dark matter could belong to a multiplet that includes an electrically charged state. WIMP dark matter (χ0) accompanied by a negatively charged excited state (χ−) with a small mass difference (e.g. < 20 MeV) can form a bound-state with a nucleus such as xenon. This bound-state formation is rare and the released energy is O(1−10) MeV depending on the nucleus, making large liquid scintillator detectors suitable for detection. We searched for bound-state formation events with xenon in two experimental phases of the KamLAND-Zen experiment, a xenon-doped liquid scintillator detector. No statistically significant events were observed. For a benchmark parameter set of WIMP mass mχ0=1 TeV and mass difference Δm=17 MeV, we set the most stringent upper limits on the recombination cross section times velocity 〈σv〉 and the decay-width of χ− to 9.2×10−30 cm3/s and 8.7×10−14 GeV, respectively at 90% confidence level.

Published
2024

2. Search for fractionally charged particles with CUORE

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Cao, J., Capelli, S., Capelli, C., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dixon, T., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Girola, M., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guillaumon, P. V., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Helis, D. L., Huang, H. Z., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moore, M. N., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Oregui, B. T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pottebaum, E. G., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Schmidt, B., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Stark, P., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tomei, C., Torres, A., Torres, J. A., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is a detector array comprised by 988 5$\;$cm$\times$5$\;$cm$\times$5$\;$cm TeO$_2$ crystals held below 20 mK, primarily searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay in $^{130}$Te. Unprecedented in size amongst cryogenic calorimetric experiments, CUORE provides a promising setting for the study of exotic through-going particles. Using the first tonne-year of CUORE's exposure, we perform a search for hypothesized fractionally charged particles (FCPs), which are well-motivated by various Standard Model extensions and would have suppressed interactions with matter. No excess of FCP candidate tracks is observed over background, setting leading limits on the underground FCP flux with charges between $e/24-e/5$ at 90\% confidence level. Using the low background environment and segmented geometry of CUORE, we establish the sensitivity of tonne-scale sub-Kelvin detectors to diverse signatures of new physics., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

3. Search for Majorana Neutrinos with the Complete KamLAND-Zen Dataset

Author

Abe, S., Araki, T., Chiba, K., Eda, T., Eizuka, M., Funahashi, Y., Furuto, A., Gando, A., Gando, Y., Goto, S., Hachiya, T., Hata, K., Ichimura, K., Ieki, S., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Ishidoshiro, K., Kamei, Y., Kawada, N., Kishimoto, Y., Koga, M., Marthe, A., Matsumoto, Y., Mitsui, T., Miyake, H., Morita, D., Nakajima, R., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, R., Nakane, J., Ono, T., Ozaki, H., Saito, K., Sakai, T., Shimizu, I., Shirai, J., Shiraishi, K., Suzuki, A., Tachibana, K., Tamae, K., Watanabe, H., Watanabe, K., Yoshida, S., Umehara, S., Fushimi, K., Kotera, K., Urano, Y., Berger, B. E., Fujikawa, B. K., Learned, J. G., Maricic, J., Fu, Z., Ghosh, S., Smolsky, J., Winslow, L. A., Efremenko, Y., Karwowski, H. J., Markoff, D. M., Tornow, W., Dell'Oro, S., O'Donnell, T., Detwiler, J. A., Enomoto, S., Decowski, M. P., Weerman, K. M., Grant, C., Penek, O., Song, H., Li, A., Axani, S. N., Garcia, M., and Sarfraz, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a search for neutrinoless double-beta ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay of $^{136}$Xe using the full KamLAND-Zen 800 dataset with 745 kg of enriched xenon, corresponding to an exposure of $2.097$ ton yr of $^{136}$Xe. This updated search benefits from a more than twofold increase in exposure, recovery of photo-sensor gain, and reduced background from muon-induced spallation of xenon. Combining with the search in the previous KamLAND-Zen phase, we obtain a lower limit for the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay half-life of $T_{1/2}^{0\nu} > 3.8 \times 10^{26}$ yr at 90% C.L., a factor of 1.7 improvement over the previous limit. The corresponding upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass are in the range 28-122 meV using phenomenological nuclear matrix element calculations., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2203.02139

Published
2024

4. Data-driven background model for the CUORE experiment

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Cao, J., Capelli, S., Capelli, C., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dixon, T., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Girola, M., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guillaumon, P. V., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Helis, D. L., Huang, H. Z., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moore, M. N., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Oregui, B. T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Ponce, I., Pottebaum, E. G., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Schmidt, B., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tomei, C., Torres, J. A, Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present the model we developed to reconstruct the CUORE radioactive background based on the analysis of an experimental exposure of 1038.4 kg yr. The data reconstruction relies on a simultaneous Bayesian fit applied to energy spectra over a broad energy range. The high granularity of the CUORE detector, together with the large exposure and extended stable operations, allow for an in-depth exploration of both spatial and time dependence of backgrounds. We achieve high sensitivity to both bulk and surface activities of the materials of the setup, detecting levels as low as 10 nBq kg$^{-1}$ and 0.1 nBq cm$^{-2}$, respectively. We compare the contamination levels we extract from the background model with prior radio-assay data, which informs future background risk mitigation strategies. The results of this background model play a crucial role in constructing the background budget for the CUPID experiment as it will exploit the same CUORE infrastructure.

Published
2024
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5. With or without $\nu$? Hunting for the seed of the matter-antimatter asymmetry

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Cao, J., Capelli, S., Capelli, C., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dixon, T., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Girola, M., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guillaumon, P. V., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Helis, D. L., Huang, H. Z., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moore, M. N., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Oregui, B. T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Ponce, I., Pottebaum, E. G., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Schmidt, B., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tomei, C., Torres, J. A, Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The matter-antimatter asymmetry underlines the incompleteness of the current understanding of particle physics. Neutrinoless double-beta ($0\nu \beta\beta$) decay may help explain this asymmetry, while unveiling the Majorana nature of the neutrino. The CUORE experiment searches for $0\nu \beta\beta$ decay of $^{130}$Te using a tonne-scale cryogenic calorimeter operated at milli-kelvin temperatures. We report no evidence for $0\nu \beta\beta$ decay and place a lower limit on the half-life of T$_{1/2}$ $>$ 3.8 $\times$ 10$^{25}$ years (90% C.I.) with over 2 tonne$\cdot$year TeO$_2$ exposure. The tools and techniques developed for this result and the 5 year stable operation of nearly 1000 detectors demonstrate the infrastructure for a next-generation experiment capable of searching for $0\nu \beta\beta$ decay across multiple isotopes.

Published
2024

6. Search for Charged Excited States of Dark Matter with KamLAND-Zen

Author

collaboration, KamLAND-Zen, Abe, S., Eizuka, M., Futagi, S., Gando, A., Gando, Y., Goto, S., Hachiya, T., Hata, K., Hosokawa, K., Ichimura, K., Ieki, S., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Ishidoshiro, K., Kamei, Y., Kawada, N., Kishimoto, Y., Koga, M., Kurasawa, M., Mitsui, T., Miyake, H., Morita, D., Nakahata, T., Nakajima, R., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, R., Nakane, J., Ozaki, H., Sakai, T., Shimizu, I., Shirai, J., Shiraishi, K., Shoji, R., Suzuki, A., Takeuchi, A., Tamae, K., Watanabe, H., Watanabe, K., Obara, S., Yoshida, S., Umehara, S., Fushimi, K., Kotera, K., Urano, Y., Ichikawa, A. K., Berger, B. E., Fujikawa, B. K., Learned, J. G., Maricic, J., Axani, S. N., Fu, Z., Smolsky, J., Winslow, L. A., Efremenko, Y., Karwowski, H. J., Markoff, D. M., Tornow, W., Dell'Oro, S., O'Donnell, T., Detwiler, J. A., Enomoto, S., Decowski, M. P., Weerman, K. M., Grant, C., Li, A., and Song, H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Particle dark matter could belong to a multiplet that includes an electrically charged state. WIMP dark matter ($\chi^{0}$) accompanied by a negatively charged excited state ($\chi^{-}$) with a small mass difference (e.g. $<$ 20 MeV) can form a bound-state with a nucleus such as xenon. This bound-state formation is rare and the released energy is $\mathcal{O}(1-10$) MeV depending on the nucleus, making large liquid scintillator detectors suitable for detection. We searched for bound-state formation events with xenon in two experimental phases of the KamLAND-Zen experiment, a xenon-doped liquid scintillator detector. No statistically significant events were observed. For a benchmark parameter set of WIMP mass $m_{\chi^{0}} = 1$ TeV and mass difference $\Delta m = 17$ MeV, we set the most stringent upper limits on the recombination cross section times velocity $\langle\sigma v\rangle$ and the decay-width of $\chi^{-}$ to $9.2 \times 10^{-30}$ ${\rm cm^3/s}$ and $8.7 \times 10^{-14}$ GeV, respectively at 90% confidence level.

Published
2023
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7. Erratum: Measurement of the 2νββ Decay Half-Life of Te130 with CUORE [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 171801 (2021)]

Author

Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cosmelli, C, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D’Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Davis, CJ, Dell’Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Dompè, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, Yu G, Ligi, C, Ma, L, G., Y, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Moggi, N, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, Nutini, I, O’Donnell, T, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Rosenfeld, C, Rusconi, C, Sakai, M, Sangiorgio, S, Schmidt, B, Scielzo, ND, Sharma, V, Singh, V, Sisti, M, Speller, D, Surukuchi, PT, and Taffarello, L

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.171801.

Published
2023

8. Deep-underground search for the decay of 180m-Ta with an ultra-low-background HPGe detector

Author

Cerroni, R., Dell'Oro, S., Formicola, A., Ghislandi, S., Ioannucci, L., Laubenstein, M., Lehnert, B., Nagorny, S. S., Nisi, S., and Pagnanini, L.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

$^{180m}$Ta is the longest-lived metastable state presently known. Its decay has not been observed yet. In this work, we report a new result on the decay of \mTa obtained with a $2015.12$-g tantalum sample measured for $527.7$ d with an ultra-low background HPGe detector in the STELLA laboratory of the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), in Italy. Before the measurement, the sample has been stored deep-underground for ten years, resulting in subdominant background contributions from cosmogenically activated $^{182}$Ta. We observe no signal in the regions of interest and set half-life limits on the process for the two channels EC and $\beta^-$: $T_{1/2,~\mathrm{EC}} > 1.6 \times 10^{18}$ yr and $T_{1/2,~\beta^-} > 1.1\times 10^{18}$ yr ($90$\% C.\,I.), respectively. We also set the limit on the $\gamma$ de-excitation / IC channel: $T_{1/2,~\mathrm{IC}} > 4.1 \times 10^{15}$ yr ($90$\% C.\,I.). These are, as of now, the most stringent bounds on the decay of $^{180m}$Ta worldwide. Finally, we test the hypothetical scenarios of de-excitation of $^{180m}$Ta by cosmological Dark Matter and constrain new parameter space for strongly-interacting dark-matter particle with mass up to $10^5$ GeV., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables

Published
2023
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9. A first test of CUPID prototypal light detectors with NTD-Ge sensors in a pulse-tube cryostat

Author

CUPID collaboration, Alfonso, K., Armatol, A., Augier, C., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Balata, M., Barabash, A. S., Bari, G., Barresi, A., Baudin, D., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Berest, V., Beretta, M., Bettelli, M., Biassoni, M., Billard, J., Boldrini, V., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Campani, A., Capelli, C., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chang, C., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Colantoni, I., Copello, S., Craft, E., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., Cruciani, A., D'Addabbo, A., D'Imperio, G., Dabagov, S., Dafinei, I., Danevich, F. A., De Jesus, M., de Marcillac, P., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dixon, T., Dompé, V., Drobizhev, A., Dumoulin, L., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferri, F., Ferroni, F., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Foggetta, L., Formaggio, J., Franceschi, A., Fu, C., Fu, S., Fujikawa, B. K., Gallas, A., Gascon, J., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gianvecchio, A., Girola, M., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Grant, C., Gras, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Helis, D. L., Huang, H. Z., Imbert, L., Johnston, J., Juillard, A., Karapetrov, G., Keppel, G., Khalife, H., Kobychev, V. V., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Konovalov, S. I., Kowalski, R., Langford, T., Lefevre, M., Liu, R., Liu, Y., Loaiza, P., Ma, L., Madhukuttan, M., Mancarella, F., Marini, L., Marnieros, S., Martinez, M., Maruyama, R. H., Mas, Ph., Mayer, D., Mazzitelli, G., Mei, Y., Milana, S., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novosad, V., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olivieri, E., Olmi, M., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C., Pagnanini, L., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Peng, H., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Poda, D. V., Polischuk, O. G., Ponce, I., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rizzoli, R., Rosenfeld, C., Rosier, P., Scarpaci, J. A., Schmidt, B., Sharma, V., Shlegel, V. N., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Slocum, P., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tomei, C., Torres, J. A., Tretyak, V. I., Tsymbaliuk, A., Velazquez, M., Vetter, K. J., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, G., Wang, L., Wang, R., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Xue, M., Yan, L., Yang, J., Yefremenko, V., Umatov, V. I., Zarytskyy, M. M., Zhang, J., Zolotarova, A., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

CUPID is a next-generation bolometric experiment aiming at searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay with ~250 kg of isotopic mass of $^{100}$Mo. It will operate at $\sim$10 mK in a cryostat currently hosting a similar-scale bolometric array for the CUORE experiment at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (Italy). CUPID will be based on large-volume scintillating bolometers consisting of $^{100}$Mo-enriched Li$_2$MoO$_4$ crystals, facing thin Ge-wafer-based bolometric light detectors. In the CUPID design, the detector structure is novel and needs to be validated. In particular, the CUORE cryostat presents a high level of mechanical vibrations due to the use of pulse tubes and the effect of vibrations on the detector performance must be investigated. In this paper we report the first test of the CUPID-design bolometric light detectors with NTD-Ge sensors in a dilution refrigerator equipped with a pulse tube in an above-ground lab. Light detectors are characterized in terms of sensitivity, energy resolution, pulse time constants, and noise power spectrum. Despite the challenging noisy environment due to pulse-tube-induced vibrations, we demonstrate that all the four tested light detectors comply with the CUPID goal in terms of intrinsic energy resolution of 100 eV RMS baseline noise. Indeed, we have measured 70--90 eV RMS for the four devices, which show an excellent reproducibility. We have also obtained outstanding energy resolutions at the 356 keV line from a $^{133}$Ba source with one light detector achieving 0.71(5) keV FWHM, which is -- to our knowledge -- the best ever obtained when compared to $\gamma$ detectors of any technology in this energy range., Comment: Prepared for submission to JINST; 16 pages, 7 figures, and 1 table

Published
2023
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10. Twelve-crystal prototype of Li$_2$MoO$_4$ scintillating bolometers for CUPID and CROSS experiments

Author

CUPID, collaborations, CROSS, Alfonso, K., Armatol, A., Augier, C., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Balata, M., Bandac, I. C., Barabash, A. S., Bari, G., Barresi, A., Baudin, D., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Berest, V., Beretta, M., Bettelli, M., Biassoni, M., Billard, J., Boldrini, V., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Calvo-Mozota, J. M., Camilleri, J., Campani, A., Capelli, C., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chang, C., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Colantoni, I., Copello, S., Craft, E., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., Cruciani, A., D'Addabbo, A., D'Imperio, G., Dabagov, S., Dafinei, I., Danevich, F. A., De Jesus, M., de Marcillac, P., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dixon, T., Dompé, V., Drobizhev, A., Dumoulin, L., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferri, F., Ferroni, F., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Foggetta, L., Formaggio, J., Franceschi, A., Fu, C., Fu, S., Fujikawa, B. K., Gallas, A., Gascon, J., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gianvecchio, A., Girola, M., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Grant, C., Gras, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Helis, D. L., Huang, H. Z., Ianni, A., Imbert, L., Johnston, J., Juillard, A., Karapetrov, G., Keppel, G., Khalife, H., Kobychev, V. V., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Konovalov, S. I., Kowalski, R., Langford, T., Lefevre, M., Liu, R., Liu, Y., Loaiza, P., Ma, L., Madhukuttan, M., Mancarella, F., Marrache-Kikuchi, C. A., Marini, L., Marnieros, S., Martinez, M., Maruyama, R. H., Mas, Ph., Mayer, D., Mazzitelli, G., Mei, Y., Milana, S., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novosad, V., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olivieri, E., Olmi, M., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C., Pagnanini, L., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Peng, H., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Poda, D. V., Polischuk, O. G., Ponce, I., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rizzoli, R., Rosenfeld, C., Rosier, P., Scarpaci, J. A., Schmidt, B., Sharma, V., Shlegel, V. N., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Slocum, P., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tomei, C., Torres, J. A., Tretyak, V. I., Tsymbaliuk, A., Velazquez, M., Vetter, K. J., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, G., Wang, L., Wang, R., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Xue, M., Yan, L., Yang, J., Yefremenko, V., Umatov, V. I., Zarytskyy, M. M., Zhang, J., Zolotarova, A., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

An array of twelve 0.28 kg lithium molybdate (LMO) low-temperature bolometers equipped with 16 bolometric Ge light detectors, aiming at optimization of detector structure for CROSS and CUPID double-beta decay experiments, was constructed and tested in a low-background pulse-tube-based cryostat at the Canfranc underground laboratory in Spain. Performance of the scintillating bolometers was studied depending on the size of phonon NTD-Ge sensors glued to both LMO and Ge absorbers, shape of the Ge light detectors (circular vs. square, from two suppliers), in different light collection conditions (with and without reflector, with aluminum coated LMO crystal surface). The scintillating bolometer array was operated over 8 months in the low-background conditions that allowed to probe a very low, $\mu$Bq/kg, level of the LMO crystals radioactive contamination by $^{228}$Th and $^{226}$Ra., Comment: Prepared for submission to JINST; 23 pages, 9 figures, and 4 tables

Published
2023
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11. Measurement of cosmic-ray muon spallation products in a xenon-loaded liquid scintillator with KamLAND

Author

Collaboration, KamLAND-Zen, Abe, S., Asami, S., Eizuka, M., Futagi, S., Gando, A., Gando, Y., Gima, T., Goto, A., Hachiya, T., Hata, K., Hosokawa, K., Ichimura, K., Ieki, S., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Ishidoshiro, K., Kamei, Y., Kawada, N., Kishimoto, Y., Koga, M., Kurasawa, M., Mitsui, T., Miyake, H., Nakahata, T., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, R., Ozaki, H., Sakai, T., Shimizu, I., Shirai, J., Shiraishi, K., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, Y., Takeuchi, A., Tamae, K., Watanabe, H., Yoshida, Y., Obara, S., Ichikawa, A. K., Yoshida, S., Umehara, S., Fushimi, K., Kotera, K., Urano, Y., Berger, B. E., Fujikawa, B. K., Learned, J. G., Maricic, J., Axani, S. N., Fu, Z., Smolsky, J., Winslow, L. A., Efremenko, Y., Karwowski, H. J., Markoff, D. M., Tornow, W., Dell'Oro, S., O'Donnell, T., Detwiler, J. A., Enomoto, S., Decowski, M. P., Weerman, K., Grant, C., Li, A., and Song, H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Cosmic-ray muons produce various radioisotopes when passing through material. These spallation products can be backgrounds for rare event searches such as in solar neutrino, double-beta decay, and dark matter search experiments. The KamLAND-Zen experiment searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 745kg of xenon dissolved in liquid scintillator. The experiment includes dead-time-free electronics with a high efficiency for detecting muon-induced neutrons. The production yields of different radioisotopes are measured with a combination of delayed coincidence techniques, newly developed muon reconstruction and xenon spallation identification methods. The observed xenon spallation products are consistent with results from the FLUKA and Geant4 simulation codes.

Published
2023

12. A first test of CUPID prototypal light detectors with NTD-Ge sensors in a pulse-tube cryostat

Author

Alfonso, K, Armatol, A, Augier, C, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Balata, M, Barabash, AS, Bari, G, Barresi, A, Baudin, D, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Berest, V, Beretta, M, Bettelli, M, Biassoni, M, Billard, J, Boldrini, V, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Campani, A, Capelli, C, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chang, C, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Colantoni, I, Copello, S, Craft, E, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, Cruciani, A, D'Addabbo, A, D'Imperio, G, Dabagov, S, Dafinei, I, Danevich, FA, De Jesus, M, de Marcillac, P, Dell'Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Di Lorenzo, S, Dixon, T, Dompé, V, Drobizhev, A, Dumoulin, L, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferri, F, Ferroni, F, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Foggetta, L, Formaggio, J, Franceschi, A, Fu, C, Fu, S, Fujikawa, BK, Gallas, A, Gascon, J, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gianvecchio, A, Girola, M, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Grant, C, Gras, P, Guillaumon, PV, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Helis, DL, Huang, HZ, Imbert, L, Johnston, J, Juillard, A, Karapetrov, G, Keppel, G, Khalife, H, Kobychev, VV, Kolomensky, Yu G, Konovalov, SI, Kowalski, R, Langford, T, Lefevre, M, Liu, R, Liu, Y, Loaiza, P, and Ma, L

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Cryogenic detectors, Gamma detectors, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons, X-ray detectors, Engineering, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Physical sciences
Abstract

CUPID is a next-generation bolometric experiment aiming at searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay with ∼250 kg of isotopic mass of 100Mo. It will operate at ∼10 mK in a cryostat currently hosting a similar-scale bolometric array for the CUORE experiment at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (Italy). CUPID will be based on large-volume scintillating bolometers consisting of 100Mo-enriched Li2MoO4 crystals, facing thin Ge-wafer-based bolometric light detectors. In the CUPID design, the detector structure is novel and needs to be validated. In particular, the CUORE cryostat presents a high level of mechanical vibrations due to the use of pulse tubes and the effect of vibrations on the detector performance must be investigated. In this paper we report the first test of the CUPID-design bolometric light detectors with NTD-Ge sensors in a dilution refrigerator equipped with a pulse tube in an above-ground lab. Light detectors are characterized in terms of sensitivity, energy resolution, pulse time constants, and noise power spectrum. Despite the challenging noisy environment due to pulse-tube-induced vibrations, we demonstrate that all the four tested light detectors comply with the CUPID goal in terms of intrinsic energy resolution of 100 eV RMS baseline noise. Indeed, we have measured 70-90 eV RMS for the four devices, which show an excellent reproducibility. We have also obtained high energy resolutions at the 356 keV line from a 133Ba source, as good as Ge semiconductor γ detectors in this energy range.

Published
2023

13. Twelve-crystal prototype of Li2MoO4 scintillating bolometers for CUPID and CROSS experiments

Author

Alfonso, K, Armatol, A, Augier, C, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Balata, M, Bandac, IC, Barabash, AS, Bari, G, Barresi, A, Baudin, D, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Berest, V, Beretta, M, Bettelli, M, Biassoni, M, Billard, J, Boldrini, V, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Calvo-Mozota, JM, Camilleri, J, Campani, A, Capelli, C, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chang, C, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Colantoni, I, Copello, S, Craft, E, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, Cruciani, A, D'Addabbo, A, D'Imperio, G, Dabagov, S, Dafinei, I, Danevich, FA, De Jesus, M, de Marcillac, P, Dell'Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Di Lorenzo, S, Dixon, T, Dompé, V, Drobizhev, A, Dumoulin, L, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferri, F, Ferroni, F, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Foggetta, L, Formaggio, J, Franceschi, A, Fu, C, Fu, S, Fujikawa, BK, Gallas, A, Gascon, J, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gianvecchio, A, Girola, M, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Grant, C, Gras, P, Guillaumon, PV, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Helis, DL, Huang, HZ, Ianni, A, Imbert, L, Johnston, J, Juillard, A, Karapetrov, G, Keppel, G, Khalife, H, Kobychev, VV, Kolomensky, Yu G, Konovalov, SI, Kowalski, R, Langford, T, Lefevre, M, and Liu, R

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Cryogenic detectors, Double-beta decay detectors, Particle identification methods, Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes, Engineering, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Physical sciences
Abstract

An array of twelve 0.28 kg lithium molybdate (LMO) low-temperature bolometers equipped with 16 bolometric Ge light detectors, aiming at optimization of detector structure for CROSS and CUPID double-beta decay experiments, was constructed and tested in a low-background pulse-tube-based cryostat at the Canfranc underground laboratory in Spain. Performance of the scintillating bolometers was studied depending on the size of phonon NTD-Ge sensors glued to both LMO and Ge absorbers, shape of the Ge light detectors (circular vs. square, from two suppliers), in different light collection conditions (with and without reflector, with aluminum coated LMO crystal surface). The scintillating bolometer array was operated over 8 months in the low-background conditions that allowed to probe a very low, μBq/kg, level of the LMO crystals radioactive contamination by 228Th and 226Ra.

Published
2023

14. CUPID: The Next-Generation Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Experiment

Author

Alfonso, K, Armatol, A, Augier, C, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Balata, M, Barabash, AS, Bari, G, Barresi, A, Baudin, D, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Bettelli, M, Biassoni, M, Billard, J, Boldrini, V, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Campani, A, Capelli, C, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chang, C, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Colantoni, I, Copello, S, Craft, E, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, Cruciani, A, D’Addabbo, A, D’Imperio, G, Dabagov, S, Dafinei, I, Danevich, FA, De Jesus, M, De Marcillac, P, Dell’Oro, S, Domizio, S Di, Lorenzo, S Di, Dixon, T, Dompè, V, Drobizhev, A, Dumoulin, L, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferri, F, Ferroni, F, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Foggetta, L, Formaggio, J, Franceschi, A, Fu, C, Fu, S, Fujikawa, BK, Gallas, A, Gascon, J, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gianvecchio, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Grant, C, Gras, P, Guillaumon, PV, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Helis, DL, Huang, HZ, Imbert, L, Johnston, J, Juillard, A, Karapetrov, G, Keppel, G, Khalife, H, Kobychev, VV, Kolomensky, Yu G, Konovalov, SI, Kowalski, R, Langford, T, Lefevre, M, Liu, R, Liu, Y, Loaiza, P, Ma, L, Madhukuttan, M, and Mancarella, F

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Neutrinoless double beta decay, Bolometers, Low radioactivity, Cryostat, Next-generation bolometric experiment, Mathematical Physics, Classical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, General Physics, Classical physics, Condensed matter physics
Abstract

CUPID is a next-generation tonne-scale bolometric neutrinoless double beta decay experiment that will probe the Majorana nature of neutrinos and discover lepton number violation in case of observation of this singular process. CUPID will be built on experience, expertise and lessons learned in CUORE and will be installed in the current CUORE infra-structure in the Gran Sasso underground laboratory. The CUPID detector technology, successfully tested in the CUPID-Mo experiment, is based on scintillating bolometers of Li2MoO4 enriched in the isotope of interest 100Mo. In order to achieve its ambitious science goals, the CUPID collaboration aims to reduce the backgrounds in the region of interest by a factor 100 with respect to CUORE. This performance will be achieved by introducing the high efficient α/β discrimination demonstrated by the CUPID-0 and CUPID-Mo experiments, and using a high transition energy double beta decay nucleus such as 100Mo to minimize the impact of the gamma background. CUPID will consist of about 1500 hybrid heat-light detectors for a total isotope mass of 250 kg. The CUPID scientific reach is supported by a detailed and safe background model based on CUORE, CUPID-Mo and CUPID-0 results. The required performances have already been demonstrated and will be presented.

Published
2023

15. Measurement of cosmic-ray muon spallation products in a xenon-loaded liquid scintillator with KamLAND

Author

Abe, S, Asami, S, Eizuka, M, Futagi, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Gima, T, Goto, A, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Hosokawa, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Ishidoshiro, K, Kamei, Y, Kawada, N, Kishimoto, Y, Koga, M, Kurasawa, M, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Nakahata, T, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Ozaki, H, Sakai, T, Shimizu, I, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Watanabe, H, Yoshida, Y, Obara, S, Ichikawa, AK, Yoshida, S, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Kotera, K, Urano, Y, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Axani, SN, Fu, Z, Smolsky, J, Winslow, LA, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Dell'Oro, S, O'Donnell, T, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, Decowski, MP, Weerman, KM, Grant, C, Li, A, and Song, H

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract

Cosmic-ray muons produce various radioisotopes when passing through material. These spallation products can be backgrounds for rare event searches such as in solar neutrino, double-β decay, and dark matter search experiments. The KamLAND-Zen experiment searches for neutrinoless double-β decay in 745 kg of xenon dissolved in liquid scintillator. The experiment includes dead-time-free electronics with a high efficiency for detecting muon-induced neutrons. The production yields of different radioisotopes are measured with a combination of delayed coincidence techniques, newly developed muon reconstruction, and xenon spallation identification methods. The observed xenon spallation products are consistent with results from the fluka and geant4 simulation codes.

Published
2023

16. First measurement of the strange axial coupling constant using neutral-current quasielastic interactions of atmospheric neutrinos at KamLAND

Author

Abe, S, Asami, S, Eizuka, M, Futagi, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Gima, T, Goto, A, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Ishidoshiro, K, Kamei, Y, Kawada, N, Kishimoto, Y, Koga, M, Kurasawa, M, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Nakahata, T, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Ozaki, H, Sakai, T, Shimizu, I, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Watanabe, H, Yoshida, Y, Obara, S, Ichikawa, AK, Yoshida, S, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Kotera, K, Urano, Y, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Axani, SN, Fu, Z, Smolsky, J, Winslow, LA, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, Decowski, MP, Grant, C, Li, A, Song, H, Dell’Oro, S, and O’Donnell, T

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

We report a measurement of the strange axial coupling constant gAs using atmospheric neutrino data at KamLAND. This constant is a component of the axial form factor of the neutral-current quasielastic (NCQE) interaction. The value of gAs significantly changes the ratio of proton and neutron NCQE cross sections. KamLAND is suitable for measuring NCQE interactions as it can detect nucleon recoils with low-energy thresholds and measure neutron multiplicity with high efficiency. KamLAND data, including the information on neutron multiplicity associated with the NCQE interactions, makes it possible to measure gAs with a suppressed dependence on the axial mass MA, which has not yet been determined. For a comprehensive prediction of the neutron emission associated with neutrino interactions, we establish a simulation of particle emission via nuclear deexcitation of C12, a process not considered in existing neutrino Monte Carlo event generators. Energy spectrum fitting for each neutron multiplicity gives gAs=-0.14-0.26+0.25, which is the most stringent limit obtained using NCQE interactions without MA constraints. The two-body current contribution considered in this analysis relies on a theoretically effective model and electron scattering experiments and requires future verification by direct measurements and future model improvement.

Published
2023

17. First measurement of the strange axial coupling constant using neutral-current quasielastic interactions of atmospheric neutrinos at KamLAND

Author

KamLAND Collaboration, Abe, S., Asami, S., Eizuka, M., Futagi, S., Gando, A., Gando, Y., Gima, T., Goto, A., Hachiya, T., Hata, K., Ichimura, K., Ieki, S., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Ishidoshiro, K., Kamei, Y., Kawada, N., Kishimoto, Y., Koga, M., Kurasawa, M., Mitsui, T., Miyake, H., Nakahata, T., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, R., Ozaki, H., Sakai, T., Shimizu, I., Shirai, J., Shiraishi, K., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, Y., Takeuchi, A., Tamae, K., Watanabe, H., Yoshida, Y., Obara, S., Ichikawa, A. K., Yoshida, S., Umehara, S., Fushimi, K., Kotera, K., Urano, Y., Berger, B. E., Fujikawa, B. K., Learned, J. G., Maricic, J., Axani, S. N., Fu, Z., Smolsky, J., Winslow, L. A., Efremenko, Y., Karwowski, H. J., Markoff, D. M., Tornow, W., Detwiler, J. A., Enomoto, S., Decowski, M. P., Grant, C., Li, A., Song, H., Dell'Oro, S., and O'Donnell, T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report a measurement of the strange axial coupling constant $g_A^s$ using atmospheric neutrino data at KamLAND. This constant is a component of the axial form factor of the neutral-current quasielastic (NCQE) interaction. The value of $g_A^s$ significantly changes the ratio of proton and neutron NCQE cross sections. KamLAND is suitable for measuring NCQE interactions as it can detect nucleon recoils with low-energy thresholds and measure neutron multiplicity with high efficiency. KamLAND data, including the information on neutron multiplicity associated with the NCQE interactions, makes it possible to measure $g_A^s$ with a suppressed dependence on the axial mass $M_A$, which has not yet been determined. For a comprehensive prediction of the neutron emission associated with neutrino interactions, we establish a simulation of particle emission via nuclear deexcitation of $^{12}$C, a process not considered in existing neutrino Monte Carlo event generators. Energy spectrum fitting for each neutron multiplicity gives $g_A^s =-0.14^{+0.25}_{-0.26}$, which is the most stringent limit obtained using NCQE interactions without $M_A$ constraints. The two-body current contribution considered in this analysis relies on a theoretically effective model and electron scattering experiments and requires future verification by direct measurements and future model improvement.

Published
2022
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18. Development of ultralow-background cryogenic calorimeters for the measurement of surface   α  contamination

Author

Benato, G, Biassoni, M, Brofferio, C, Celi, E, Dell'Oro, S, Drobizhev, A, Gianvecchio, A, Girola, M, Ghislandi, S, Kolomensky, Yu G, Nutini, I, Olmi, M, Pagnanini, L, Puiu, A, and Quitadamo, S

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Bolometric α detector, Low-radioactivity measurements, Material screening, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

Next-generation experiments searching for rare events must satisfy increasingly stringent requirements on the bulk and surface radioactive contamination of their active and structural materials. The measurement of surface contamination is particularly challenging, as no existing technology is capable of separately measuring parts of the 232Th and 238U decay chains that are commonly found to be out of secular equilibrium. We will present the results obtained with a detector prototype consisting of 8 silicon wafers of 150 mm diameter instrumented as bolometers and operated in a low-background dilution refrigerator at the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory of INFN, Italy. The prototype was characterized by a baseline energy resolution of few keV and a background

Published
2023

19. Search for the Majorana Nature of Neutrinos in the Inverted Mass Ordering Region with KamLAND-Zen

Author

Abe, S, Asami, S, Eizuka, M, Futagi, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Gima, T, Goto, A, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Hayashida, S, Hosokawa, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Ishidoshiro, K, Kamei, Y, Kawada, N, Kishimoto, Y, Koga, M, Kurasawa, M, Maemura, N, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Nakahata, T, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Ozaki, H, Sakai, T, Sambonsugi, H, Shimizu, I, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Ueshima, K, Watanabe, H, Yoshida, Y, Obara, S, Ichikawa, AK, Chernyak, D, Kozlov, A, Nakamura, KZ, Yoshida, S, Takemoto, Y, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Kotera, K, Urano, Y, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Axani, SN, Smolsky, J, Fu, Z, Winslow, LA, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Dell'Oro, S, O'Donnell, T, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, Decowski, MP, Grant, C, Li, A, and Song, H

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, KamLAND-Zen Collaboration, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

The KamLAND-Zen experiment has provided stringent constraints on the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay half-life in ^{136}Xe using a xenon-loaded liquid scintillator. We report an improved search using an upgraded detector with almost double the amount of xenon and an ultralow radioactivity container, corresponding to an exposure of 970 kg yr of ^{136}Xe. These new data provide valuable insight into backgrounds, especially from cosmic muon spallation of xenon, and have required the use of novel background rejection techniques. We obtain a lower limit for the 0νββ decay half-life of T_{1/2}^{0ν}>2.3×10^{26}  yr at 90% C.L., corresponding to upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass of 36-156 meV using commonly adopted nuclear matrix element calculations.

Published
2023

20. Status and prospects of discovery of 0??? decay with the CUORE detector

Author

Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FTIII, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Capelli, C, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D'Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Del Corso, F, Dell'Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Di Lorenzo, S, Dompe, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gianvecchio, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, Yu G, Kowalski, R, Ligi, C, Liu, R, Ma, L, Ma, YG, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, Nutini, I, O'Donnell, T, Olmi, M, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Ponce, I, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Quitadamo, S, Ressa, A, and Rosenfeld, C

Subjects
Astronomy & Astrophysics, Geophysics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

In this contribution we present the achievements of the CUORE experiment so far. It is the first tonne-scale bolometric detector and it is in stable data taking since 2018. We reached to collect about 1800 kg×yr of exposure of which more than 1 ton×year have been analysed. The CUORE detector is meant to search for the neutrinoless double β decay (0νββ) of the 130Te isotope. This is a beyond Standard Model process which could establish the nature of the neutrino to be Dirac or a Majorana particle. It is an alternative mode of the two-neutrinos double β decay, a rare decay which have been precisely measured by CUORE in the 130Te. We found no evidence of the 0νββ and we set a Bayesian lower limit of 2.2 ×1025yr on its half-life. The expertise achieved by CUORE set a milestone for any future bolometric detector, including CUPID, which is the planned next generation experiment searching for 0νββ with scintillating bolometers.

Published
2023

21. Abundances of uranium and thorium elements in Earth estimated by geoneutrino spectroscopy

Author

Abe, S., Asami, S., Eizuka, M., Futagi, S., Gando, A., Gando, Y., Gima, T., Goto, A., Hachiya, T., Hata, K., Hosokawa, K., Ichimura, K., Ieki, S., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Ishidoshiro, K., Kamei, Y., Kawada, N., Kishimoto, Y., Koga, M., Kurasawa, M., Maemura, N., Mitsui, T., Miyake, H., Nakahata, T., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, R., Ozaki, H., Sakai, T., Sambonsugi, H., Shimizu, I., Shirahata, Y., Shirai, J., Shiraishi, K., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, Y., Takeuchi, A., Tamae, K., Watanabe, H., Yoshida, Y., Obara, S., Ichikawa, A. K., Yoshida, S., Umehara, S., Fushimi, K., Kotera, K., Urano, Y., Berger, B. E., Fujikawa, B. K., Learned, J. G., Maricic, J., Axani, S. N., Fu, Z., Smolsky, J., Winslow, L. A., Efremenko, Y., Karwowski, H. J., Markoff, D. M., Tornow, W., Li, A., Detwiler, J. A., Enomoto, S., Decowski, M. P., Grant, C., Song, H., O'Donnell, T., and Dell'Oro, S.

Subjects
Physics - Geophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The decay of the primordial isotopes $^{238}\mathrm{U}$, $^{235}\mathrm{U}$, $^{232}\mathrm{Th}$, and $^{40}\mathrm{K}$ have contributed to the terrestrial heat budget throughout the Earth's history. Hence the individual abundance of those isotopes are key parameters in reconstructing contemporary Earth model. The geoneutrinos produced by the radioactive decays of uranium and thorium have been observed with the Kamioka Liquid-Scintillator Antineutrino Detector (KamLAND). Those measurements have been improved with more than 18-year observation time, and improvements in detector background levels mainly by an 8-year almost rector-free period now permit spectroscopy with geoneutrinos. Our results yield the first constraint on both uranium and thorium heat contributions. Herein the KamLAND result is consistent with geochemical estimations based on elemental abundances of chondritic meteorites and mantle peridotites. The High-Q model is disfavored at 99.76% C.L. and a fully radiogenic model is excluded at 5.2$\sigma$ assuming a homogeneous heat producing element distribution in the mantle., Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters on Aug 4th, 2022

Published
2022
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22. Production of monochromatic $^{228}$Ra $\alpha$-sources for detector characterization

Author

Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Dell'Oro, S., Gironi, L., Nastasi, M., and Sisti, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The response of particle detectors to different types of radiation is not necessarily identical and, in some cases, neglecting this behavior can lead to a misinterpretation of the acquired data. While commercial radioactive sources are in general suitable to investigate the response to $\beta$'s and $\gamma$'s, in the case of $\alpha$'s the need for custom-made sources arises from the intrinsic properties of $\alpha$ radiation, which imposes that the emitter directly faces the detector. In this work, we show how to flexibly produce $\alpha$ sources to be employed in multiple studies of detector characterization. These are obtained starting from a set of primary sources obtained from the collection of radioactive $^{228}$Ra ions at the ISOLDE facility at CERN. We illustrate the potential of this technique with practical cases of application to scintillators and bolometric detectors and examples of the results obtained so far.

Published
2022
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23. An Energy-dependent Electro-thermal Response Model of CUORE Cryogenic Calorimeter

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Capelli, C., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gianvecchio, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Li, M., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the most sensitive experiment searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) in $^{130}\text{Te}$. CUORE uses a cryogenic array of 988 TeO$_2$ calorimeters operated at $\sim$10 mK with a total mass of 741 kg. To further increase the sensitivity, the detector response must be well understood. Here, we present a non-linear thermal model for the CUORE experiment on a detector-by-detector basis. We have examined both equilibrium and dynamic electro-thermal models of detectors by numerically fitting non-linear differential equations to the detector data of a subset of CUORE channels which are well characterized and representative of all channels. We demonstrate that the hot-electron effect and electric-field dependence of resistance in NTD-Ge thermistors alone are inadequate to describe our detectors' energy dependent pulse shapes. We introduce an empirical second-order correction factor in the exponential temperature dependence of the thermistor, which produces excellent agreement with energy-dependent pulse shape data up to 6 MeV. We also present a noise analysis using the fitted thermal parameters and show that the intrinsic thermal noise is negligible compared to the observed noise for our detectors., Comment: 34 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables

Published
2022

24. New direct limit on neutrinoless double beta decay half-life of $^{128}$Te with CUORE

Author

Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, C., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gianvecchio, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Ligi, C., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN in Italy is an experiment searching for neutrinoless double beta (0$\nu\beta\beta$) decay. Its main goal is to investigate this decay in $^{130}$Te, but its ton-scale mass and low background make CUORE sensitive to other rare processes as well. In this work, we present our first results on the search for \nbb decay of $^{128}$Te, the Te isotope with the second highest natural isotopic abundance. We find no evidence for this decay, and using a Bayesian analysis we set a lower limit on the $^{128}$Te \nbb decay half-life of T$_{1/2} > 3.6 \times 10^{24}$ yr (90\% CI). This represents the most stringent limit on the half-life of this isotope, improving by over a factor 30 the previous direct search results, and exceeding those from geochemical experiments for the first time.

Published
2022
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25. Search for supernova neutrinos and constraint on the galactic star formation rate with the KamLAND data

Author

Abe, S., Asami, S., Eizuka, M., Futagi, S., Gando, A., Gando, Y., Gima, T., Goto, A., Hachiya, T., Hata, K., Hosokawa, K., Ichimura, K., Ieki, S., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Ishidoshiro, K., Kamei, Y., Kawada, N., Kishimoto, Y., Koga, M., Kurasawa, M., Maemura, N., Mitsui, T., Miyake, H., Nakahata, T., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, R., Ozaki, H., Sakai, T., Sambonsugi, H., Shimizu, I., Shirai, J., Shiraishi, K., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, Y., Takeuchi, A., Tamae, K., Watanabe, H., Yoshida, Y., Obara, S., Ichikawa, A., Yoshida, S., Umehara, S., Fushimi, K., Kotera, K., Urano, Y., Berger, B. E., Fujikawa, B. K., Learned, J. G., Maricic, J., Axani, S. N., Winslow, L. A., Fu, Z., Smolsky, J., Efremenko, Y., Karwowski, H. J., Markoff, D. M., Tornow, W., Li, A., Detwiler, J. A., Enomoto, S., Decowski, M. P., Grant, C., Song, H., O'Donnell, T., and Dell'Oro, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the results of a search for core-collapse supernova neutrinos, using long-term KamLAND data from 2002 March 9 to 2020 April 25. We focus on the electron antineutrinos emitted from supernovae in the energy range of 1.8--111 MeV. Supernovae will make a neutrino event cluster with the duration of $\sim$10 s in the KamLAND data. We find no neutrino clusters and give the upper limit on the supernova rate as to be 0.15 yr$^{-1}$ with a 90% confidence level. The detectable range, which corresponds to a >95% detection probability, is 40--59 kpc and 65--81 kpc for core-collapse supernovae and failed core-collapse supernovae, respectively. This paper proposes to convert the supernova rate obtained by the neutrino observation to the Galactic star formation rate. Assuming a modified Salpeter-type initial mass function, the upper limit on the Galactic star formation rate is <(17.5--22.7) $M_{\odot} \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ with a 90% confidence level., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal

Published
2022
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26. Latest Results from the CUORE Experiment

Author

Nutini, I, Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D’Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Dell’Oro, S, Domizio, SD, Dompè, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, YG, Kowalski, R, Ligi, C, Liu, R, Ma, L, Ma, YG, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Moggi, N, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, O’Donnell, T, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Quitadamo, S, Rosenfeld, C, Rusconi, C, Sakai, M, Sangiorgio, S, Schmidt, B, Scielzo, ND, and Sharma, V

Subjects
Mathematical Physics, Classical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, General Physics, Classical physics, Condensed matter physics
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the first cryogenic experiment searching for 0 νββ decay that has been able to reach the one-tonne mass scale. The detector, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, consists of an array of 988 TeO 2 crystals arranged in a compact cylindrical structure of 19 towers. CUORE began its first physics data run in 2017 at a base temperature of about 10 mK and in April 2021 released its 3 rd result of the search for 0 νββ, corresponding to a tonne-year of TeO 2 exposure. This is the largest amount of data ever acquired with a solid state detector and the most sensitive measurement of 0 νββ decay in 130Te ever conducted. We present the current status of CUORE search for 0 νββ with the updated statistics of one tonne-yr. We finally give an update of the CUORE background model and the measurement of the 130Te 2 νββ decay half-life and decay to excited states of 130Xe , studies performed using an exposure of 300.7 kg yr.

Published
2022

27. Expected sensitivity to 128Te neutrinoless double beta decay with the CUORE TeO2 cryogenic bolometers

Author

Dompè, V, Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D’Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Dell’Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Di Lorenzo, S, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, Yu G, Kowalski, R, Ligi, C, Liu, R, Ma, L, Ma, YG, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Moggi, N, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, Nutini, I, O’Donnell, T, Olmi, M, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Quitadamo, S, Ressa, A, Rosenfeld, C, Rusconi, C, Sakai, M, and Sangiorgio, S

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Neutrinoless double beta decay, Tellurium, 128-Te, Cryogenic bolometers, Mathematical Physics, Classical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, General Physics, Classical physics, Condensed matter physics
Abstract

The CUORE experiment is a ton-scale array of TeO 2 cryogenic bolometers located at the underground Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), in Italy. The CUORE detector consists of 988 crystals operated as source and detector at a base temperature of ∼ 10 mK. Such cryogenic temperature is reached and maintained by means of a custom built cryogen-free dilution cryostat, designed with the aim of minimizing the vibrational noise and the environmental radioactivity. The primary goal of CUORE is the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of 130Te , but thanks to its large target mass and ultra-low background it is suitable for the study of other rare processes as well, such as the neutrinoless double beta decay of 128Te. This tellurium isotope is an attractive candidate for the search of this process, due to its high natural isotopic abundance of 31.75%. The transition energy at (866.7 ± 0.7) keV lies in a highly populated region of the energy spectrum, dominated by the contribution of the two-neutrino double beta decay of 130Te. As the first ton-scale infrastructure operating cryogenic TeO 2 bolometers in stable conditions, CUORE is able to achieve a factor > 10 higher sensitivity to the neutrinoless double beta decay of this isotope with respect to past direct experiments.

Published
2022

28. Machine Learning Techniques for Pile-Up Rejection in Cryogenic Calorimeters

Author

Fantini, G, Armatol, A, Armengaud, E, Armstrong, W, Augier, C, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Barabash, A, Bari, G, Barresi, A, Baudin, D, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Bergé, L, Biassoni, M, Billard, J, Boldrini, V, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Cazes, A, Celi, E, Chang, C, Chapellier, M, Charrier, A, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Colantoni, I, Collamati, F, Copello, S, Cova, F, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, Cruciani, A, D’Addabbo, A, D’Imperio, G, Dafinei, I, Danevich, FA, de Combarieu, M, De Jesus, M, de Marcillac, P, Dell’Oro, S, Domizio, S Di, Dompè, V, Drobizhev, A, Dumoulin, L, Fasoli, M, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferri, F, Ferroni, F, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Formaggio, J, Franceschi, A, Fu, C, Fu, S, Fujikawa, BK, Gascon, J, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gras, P, Gros, M, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Helis, DL, Huang, HZ, Huang, RG, Imbert, L, Johnston, J, Juillard, A, Karapetrov, G, Keppel, G, Khalife, H, Kobychev, VV, Kolomensky, Yu G, Konovalov, S, Liu, Y, Loaiza, P, Ma, L, Madhukuttan, M, Mancarella, F, Mariam, R, Marini, L, Marnieros, S, Martinez, M, Maruyama, RH, Mauri, B, and Mayer, D

Subjects
Convolutional neural networks, Machine learning, Cryogenic calorimeters, CUPID, Neutrinoless double beta decay, Majorana, Pile-up, Mathematical Physics, Classical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, General Physics
Abstract

CUORE Upgrade with Particle IDentification (CUPID) is a foreseen ton-scale array of Li2MoO4 (LMO) cryogenic calorimeters with double readout of heat and light signals. Its scientific goal is to fully explore the inverted hierarchy of neutrino masses in the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of 100Mo. Pile-up of standard double beta decay of the candidate isotope is a relevant background. We generate pile-up heat events via injection of Joule heater pulses with a programmable waveform generator in a small array of LMO crystals operated underground in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. This allows to label pile-up pulses and control both time difference and underlying amplitudes of individual heat pulses in the data. We present the performance of supervised learning classifiers on data and the attained pile-up rejection efficiency.

Published
2022

29. New Direct Limit on Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Half-Life of Te128 with CUORE

Author

Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Capelli, C, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D’Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Del Corso, F, Dell’Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Di Lorenzo, S, Dompè, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gianvecchio, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, Yu G, Kowalski, R, Liu, R, Ma, L, G., Y, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, Nutini, I, O’Donnell, T, Olmi, M, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Quitadamo, S, Ressa, A, Rosenfeld, C, Sangiorgio, S, and Schmidt, B

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Half-Life, Bayes Theorem, Granisetron, CUORE Collaboration, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN in Italy is an experiment searching for neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay. Its main goal is to investigate this decay in ^{130}Te, but its ton-scale mass and low background make CUORE sensitive to other rare processes as well. In this Letter, we present our first results on the search for 0νββ decay of ^{128}Te, the Te isotope with the second highest natural isotopic abundance. We find no evidence for this decay, and using a Bayesian analysis we set a lower limit on the ^{128}Te 0νββ decay half-life of T_{1/2}>3.6×10^{24}  yr (90% CI). This represents the most stringent limit on the half-life of this isotope, improving by over a factor of 30 the previous direct search results, and exceeding those from geochemical experiments for the first time.

Published
2022

30. An energy-dependent electro-thermal response model of CUORE cryogenic calorimeter

Author

Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Capelli, C, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D'Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Del Corso, F, Dell'Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Di Lorenzo, S, Dompè, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gianvecchio, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, Yu G, Kowalski, R, Li, M, Liu, R, Ma, L, Ma, YG, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, Nutini, I, O'Donnell, T, Olmi, M, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Quitadamo, S, Ressa, A, Rosenfeld, C, and Sangiorgio, S

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Cryogenic detectors, Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons with matter etc), Double-beta decay detectors, Engineering, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Physical sciences
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the most sensitive experiment searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) in 130Te. CUORE uses a cryogenic array of 988 TeO2 calorimeters operated at ∼10 mK with a total mass of 741 kg. To further increase the sensitivity, the detector response must be well understood. Here, we present a non-linear thermal model for the CUORE experiment on a detector-by-detector basis. We have examined both equilibrium and dynamic electro-thermal models of detectors by numerically fitting non-linear differential equations to the detector data of a subset of CUORE channels which are well characterized and representative of all channels. We demonstrate that the hot-electron effect and electric-field dependence of resistance in NTD-Ge thermistors alone are inadequate to describe our detectors' energy-dependent pulse shapes. We introduce an empirical second-order correction factor in the exponential temperature dependence of the thermistor, which produces excellent agreement with energy-dependent pulse shape data up to 6 MeV. We also present a noise analysis using the fitted thermal parameters and show that the intrinsic thermal noise is negligible compared to the observed noise for our detectors.

Published
2022

31. KamLAND’s search for correlated low-energy electron antineutrinos with astrophysical neutrinos from IceCube

Author

Abe, S, Asami, S, Eizuka, M, Futagi, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Gima, T, Goto, A, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Hosokawa, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Ishidoshiro, K, Kamei, Y, Kawada, N, Kishimoto, Y, Kinoshita, T, Koga, M, Kurasawa, M, Maemura, N, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Nakahata, T, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Ozaki, H, Sakai, T, Sambonsugi, H, Shimizu, I, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Watanabe, H, Yoshida, Y, Obara, S, Ichikawa, AK, Yoshida, S, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Kotera, K, Urano, Y, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Axani, SN, Smolsky, J, Lertprasertpong, J, Winslow, LA, Fu, Z, Ouellet, J, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Li, A, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, Decowski, MP, Grant, C, Song, H, O’Donnell, T, and Dell’Oro, S

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Neutrinos, Astrophysical neutrinos, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

We report the results of a search for MeV-scale astrophysical neutrinos in KamLAND presented as an excess in the number of coincident neutrino interactions associated with the publicly available high-energy neutrino datasets from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. We find no statistically significant excess in the number of observed low-energy electron antineutrinos in KamLAND, given a coincidence time window of ±500 s, ±1,000 s, ±3,600 s, and ±10,000 s around each of the IceCube neutrinos. We use this observation to present limits from 1.8 MeV to 100 MeV on the electron antineutrino fluence, assuming a mono-energetic flux. We then compare the results to several astrophysical measurements performed by IceCube and place a limit at the 90% confidence level on the electron antineutrino isotropic thermal luminosity from the TXS 0506+056 blazar.

Published
2022

32. Search for Neutrinoless $\beta^+EC$ Decay of $^{120}$Te with CUORE

Author

Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, C., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gianvecchio, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Ligi, C., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Sakai, M., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

CUORE is a large scale cryogenic experiment searching for neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) in $^{130}$Te. The CUORE detector is made of natural tellurium, providing the possibility of rare event searches on isotopes other than $^{130}$Te. In this work we describe a search for neutrinoless positron emitting electron capture ($0\nu\beta^+EC$) decay in $^{120}$Te with a total TeO$_2$ exposure of 355.7 kg $\cdot$ yr, corresponding to 0.2405 kg $\cdot$ yr of $^{120}$Te. Albeit $0 \nu \beta\beta$ with two final state electrons represents the most promising channel, the emission of a positron and two 511-keV $\gamma$s make $0\nu\beta^+EC$ decay signature extremely clear. To fully exploit the potential offered by the detector modularity we include events with different topology and perform a simultaneous fit of five selected signal signatures. Using blinded data we extract a median exclusion sensitivity of $3.4 \cdot 10^{22}$ yr at 90% Credibility Interval (C.I.). After unblinding we find no evidence of $0\nu\beta^+EC$ signal and set a 90% C.I. Bayesian lower limit of $2.9 \cdot 10^{22}$ yr on $^{120}$Te half-life. This result improves by an order of magnitude the existing limit from the combined analysis of CUORE-0 and Cuoricino.

Published
2022
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33. Toward CUPID-1T

Author

Armatol, A., Augier, C., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Balata, M., Ballen, K., Barabash, A. S., Bari, G., Barresi, A., Baudin, D., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Bettelli, M., Biassoni, M., Billard, J., Boldrini, V., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Capelli, C., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chang, C., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Colantoni, I., Copello, S., Craft, E., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., Cruciani, A., D'Addabbo, A., D'Imperio, G., Dabagov, S., Dafinei, I., De Jesus, M., de Marcillac, P., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dixon, T., Dompè, V., Drobizhev, A., Dumoulin, L., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferri, F., Ferroni, F., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Foggetta, L., Formaggio, J., Franceschi, A., Fu, C., Fu, S., Fujikawa, B. K., Gallas, A., Gascon, J., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gianvecchio, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Grant, C., Gras, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Helis, D., Helis, D. L., Huang, H. Z., Huang, R. G., Imbert, L., Johnston, J., Juillard, A., Karapetrov, G., Keppel, G., Khalife, H., Kobychev, V. V., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Konovalov, S. I., Kowalski, R., Langford, T., Liu, R., Liu, Y., Loaiza, P., Ma, L., Madhukuttan, M., Mancarella, F., Marini, L., Marnieros, S., Martinez, M., Maruyama, R. H., Mauri, B., Mayer, D., Mazzitelli, G., Mei, Y., Milana, S., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novosad, V., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olivieri, E., Olmi, M., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C., Pagnanini, L., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Peng, H., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Poda, D. V., Polischuk, O. G., Ponce, I., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rizzoli, R., Rosenfeld, C., Rosier, P., Scarpaci, J., Schmidt, B., Sharma, V., Shlegel, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Slocum, P., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tomei, C., Torres, J., Tretyak, V. I., Tsymbaliuk, A., Velazquez, M., Vetter, K. J., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, G., Wang, L., Wang, R., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Xue, M., Yan, L., Yang, J., Yefremenko, V., Umatov, V. I., Zarytskyy, M. M., Zhang, J., Zolotarova, A., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Current experiments to search for broken lepton-number symmetry through the observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay ($0\mathrm{\nu\beta\beta}$) provide the most stringent limits on the Majorana nature of neutrinos and the effective Majorana neutrino mass ($m_{\beta\beta}$). The next-generation experiments will focus on the sensitivity to the $0\mathrm{\nu\beta\beta}$ half-life of $\mathcal{O}(10^{27}$--$10^{28}$~years$)$ and $m_{\beta\beta}\lesssim15$~meV, which would provide complete coverage of the so-called Inverted Ordering region of the neutrino mass parameter space. By taking advantage of recent technological breakthroughs, new, future calorimetric experiments at the 1-ton scale can increase the sensitivity by at least another order of magnitude, exploring the large fraction of the parameter space that corresponds to the Normal neutrino mass ordering. In case of a discovery, such experiments could provide important insights toward a new understanding of the mechanism of $0\mathrm{\nu\beta\beta}$. We present here a series of projects underway that will provide advancements in background reduction, cryogenic readout, and physics searches beyond $0\mathrm{\nu\beta\beta}$, all moving toward the next-to-next generation CUPID-1T detector., Comment: contribution to Snowmass 2021

Published
2022

34. Search for the Majorana Nature of Neutrinos in the Inverted Mass Ordering Region with KamLAND-Zen

Author

Collaboration, KamLAND-Zen, Abe, S., Asami, S., Eizuka, M., Futagi, S., Gando, A., Gando, Y., Gima, T., Goto, A., Hachiya, T., Hata, K., Hayashida, S., Hosokawa, K., Ichimura, K., Ieki, S., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Ishidoshiro, K., Kamei, Y., Kawada, N., Kishimoto, Y., Koga, M., Kurasawa, M., Maemura, N., Mitsui, T., Miyake, H., Nakahata, T., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, R., Ozaki, H., Sakai, T., Sambonsugi, H., Shimizu, I., Shirai, J., Shiraishi, K., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, Y., Takeuchi, A., Tamae, K., Ueshima, K., Watanabe, H., Yoshida, Y., Obara, S., Ichikawa, A. K., Chernyak, D., Kozlov, A., Nakamura, K. Z., Yoshida, S., Takemoto, Y., Umehara, S., Fushimi, K., Kotera, K., Urano, Y., Berger, B. E., Fujikawa, B. K., Learned, J. G., Maricic, J., Axani, S. N., Smolsky, J., Fu, Z., Winslow, L. A., Efremenko, Y., Karwowski, H. J., Markoff, D. M., Tornow, W., Dell'Oro, S., O'Donnell, T., Detwiler, J. A., Enomoto, S., Decowski, M. P., Grant, C., Li, A., and Song, H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The KamLAND-Zen experiment has provided stringent constraints on the neutrinoless double-beta ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay half-life in $^{136}$Xe using a xenon-loaded liquid scintillator. We report an improved search using an upgraded detector with almost double the amount of xenon and an ultralow radioactivity container, corresponding to an exposure of 970 kg yr of $^{136}$Xe. These new data provide valuable insight into backgrounds, especially from cosmic muon spallation of xenon, and have required the use of novel background rejection techniques. We obtain a lower limit for the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay half-life of $T_{1/2}^{0\nu} > 2.3 \times 10^{26}$ yr at 90% C.L., corresponding to upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass of 36-156 meV using commonly adopted nuclear matrix element calculations., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures

Published
2022
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35. KamLAND's search for correlated low-energy electron antineutrinos with astrophysical neutrinos from IceCube

Author

Abe, S., Asami, S., Eizuka, M., Futagi, S., Gando, A., Gando, Y., Gima, T., Goto, A., Hachiya, T., Hata, K., Hosokawa, K., Ichimura, K., Ieki, S., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Ishidoshiro, K., Kamei, Y., Kawada, N., Kishimoto, Y., Kinoshita, T., Koga, M., Kurasawa, M., Maemura, N., Mitsui, T., Miyake, H., Nakahata, T., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, R., Ozaki, H., Sakai, T., Sambonsugi, H., Shimizu, I., Shirai, J., Shiraishi, K., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, Y., Takeuchi, A., Tamae, K., Watanabe, H., Yoshida, Y., Obara, S., Ichikawa, A. K., Yoshida, S., Umehara, S., Fushimi, K., Kotera, K., Urano, Y., Berger, B. E., Fujikawa, B. K., Learned, J. G., Maricic, J., Axani, S. N., Smolsky, J., Lertprasertpong, J., Winslow, L. A., Fu, Z., Ouellet, J., Efremenko, Y., Karwowski, H. J., Markoff, D. M., Tornow, W., Li, A., Detwiler, J. A., Enomoto, S., Decowski, M. P., Grant, C., Song, H., O'Donnell, T., and Dell'Oro, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report the results of a search for MeV-scale astrophysical neutrinos in KamLAND presented as an excess in the number of coincident neutrino interactions associated with the publicly available high-energy neutrino datasets from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. We find no statistically significant excess in the number of observed low-energy electron antineutrinos in KamLAND, given a coincidence time window of $\pm$500s, $\pm$1,000s, $\pm$3,600s, and $\pm$10,000s around each of the IceCube neutrinos. We use this observation to present limits from 1.8 MeV to 100 MeV on the electron antineutrino fluence, assuming a mono-energetic flux. We then compare the results to several astrophysical measurements performed by IceCube and place a limit at the 90% confidence level on the electron antineutrino isotropic thermal luminosity from the TXS 0506+056 blazar., Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures

Published
2022
Full Text
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36. Optimization of the first CUPID detector module

Author

CUPID collaboration, Armatol, A., Augier, C., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Balata, M., Ballen, K., Barabash, A. S., Bari, G., Barresi, A., Baudin, D., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Bettelli, M., Biassoni, M., Billard, J., Boldrini, V., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Capelli, C., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chang, C., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Colantoni, I., Copello, S., Craft, E., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., Cruciani, A., D'Addabbo, A., D'Imperio, G., Dabagov, S., Dafinei, I., Danevich, F. A., De Jesus, M., de Marcillac, P., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dixon, T., Dompè, V., Drobizhev, A., Dumoulin, L., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferri, F., Ferroni, F., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Foggetta, L., Formaggio, J., Franceschi, A., Fu, C., Fu, S., Fujikawa, B. K., Gallas, A., Gascon, J., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gianvecchio, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Grant, C., Gras, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Helis, D. L., Huang, H. Z., Huang, R. G., Imbert, L., Johnston, J., Juillard, A., Karapetrov, G., Keppel, G., Khalife, H., Kobychev, V. V., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Konovalov, S. I., Kowalski, R., Langford, T., Lefevre, M ., Liu, R., Liu, Y., Loaiza, P., Ma, L., Madhukuttan, M., Mancarella, F., Marini, L., Marnieros, S., Martinez, M., Maruyama, R. H., Mas, Ph., Mauri, B., Mayer, D., Mazzitelli, G., Mei, Y., Milana, S., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novosad, V., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olivieri, E., Olmi, M., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C., Pagnanini, L., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Peng, H., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Poda, D. V., Polischuk, O. G., Ponce, I., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rizzoli, R., Rosenfeld, C., Rosier, P., Scarpaci, J., Schmidt, B., Sharma, V., Shlegel, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Slocum, P., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tomei, C., Torres, J., Tretyak, V. I., Tsymbaliuk, A., Velazquez, M., Vetter, K. J., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, G., Wang, L., Wang, R., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Xue, M., Yan, L., Yang, J., Yefremenko, V., Umatov, V. I., Zarytskyy, M. M., Zhang, J., Zolotarova, A., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

CUPID will be a next generation experiment searching for the neutrinoless double $\beta$ decay, whose discovery would establish the Majorana nature of the neutrino. Based on the experience achieved with the CUORE experiment, presently taking data at LNGS, CUPID aims to reach a background free environment by means of scintillating Li$_{2}$$^{100}$MoO$_4$ crystals coupled to light detectors. Indeed, the simultaneous heat and light detection allows us to reject the dominant background of $\alpha$ particles, as proven by the CUPID-0 and CUPID-Mo demonstrators. In this work we present the results of the first test of the CUPID baseline module. In particular, we propose a new optimized detector structure and light sensors design to enhance the engineering and the light collection, respectively. We characterized the heat detectors, achieving an energy resolution of (5.9 $\pm$ 0.2) keV FWHM at the $Q$-value of $^{100}$Mo (about 3034 keV). We studied the light collection of the baseline CUPID design with respect to an alternative configuration which features gravity-assisted light detectors' mounting. In both cases we obtained an improvement in the light collection with respect to past measures and we validated the particle identification capability of the detector, which ensures an $\alpha$ particle rejection higher than 99.9%, fully satisfying the requirements for CUPID., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures

Published
2022

37. Abundances of Uranium and Thorium Elements in Earth Estimated by Geoneutrino Spectroscopy

Author

Abe, S, Asami, S, Eizuka, M, Futagi, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Gima, T, Goto, A, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Hosokawa, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Ishidoshiro, K, Kamei, Y, Kawada, N, Kishimoto, Y, Koga, M, Kurasawa, M, Maemura, N, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Nakahata, T, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Ozaki, H, Sakai, T, Sambonsugi, H, Shimizu, I, Shirahata, Y, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Watanabe, H, Yoshida, Y, Obara, S, Ichikawa, AK, Yoshida, S, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Kotera, K, Urano, Y, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Axani, SN, Fu, Z, Smolsky, J, Winslow, LA, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Li, A, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, Decowski, MP, Grant, C, Song, H, O’Donnell, T, and Dell’Oro, S

Subjects
Affordable and Clean Energy, geoneutrino, radiogenic heat, Earth's interior, mantle composition, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

The decay of the primordial isotopes 238U, 235U, 232Th, and 40K has contributed to the terrestrial heat budget throughout the Earth's history. Hence, the individual abundance of those isotopes are key parameters in reconstructing contemporary Earth models. The geoneutrinos produced by the radioactive decays of uranium and thorium have been observed with the Kamioka Liquid-Scintillator Antineutrino Detector (KamLAND). Those measurements have been improved with more than 18-year observation time, and improvement in detector background levels mainly with an 8-year nearly reactor-free period, which now permit spectroscopy with geoneutrinos. Our results yield the first constraint on both uranium and thorium heat contributions. The KamLAND result is consistent with geochemical estimations based on elemental abundances of chondritic meteorites and mantle peridotites. The High-Q model is disfavored at 99.76% C.L. and a fully radiogenic model is excluded at 5.2σ assuming a homogeneous heat producing element distribution in the mantle.

Published
2022

38. Search for Supernova Neutrinos and Constraint on the Galactic Star Formation Rate with the KamLAND Data

Author

Abe, S, Asami, S, Eizuka, M, Futagi, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Gima, T, Goto, A, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Hosokawa, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Ishidoshiro, K, Kamei, Y, Kawada, N, Kishimoto, Y, Koga, M, Kurasawa, M, Maemura, N, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Nakahata, T, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Ozaki, H, Sakai, T, Sambonsugi, H, Shimizu, I, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Watanabe, H, Yoshida, Y, Obara, S, Ichikawa, A, Yoshida, S, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Kotera, K, Urano, Y, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Axani, SN, Winslow, LA, Fu, Z, Smolsky, J, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Li, A, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, Decowski, MP, Grant, C, Song, H, O’Donnell, T, and Dell’Oro, S

Subjects
Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the results of a search for core-collapse supernova neutrinos, using long-term KamLAND data from 2002 March 9 to 2020 April 25. We focus on the electron antineutrinos emitted from supernovae in the energy range of 1.8-111 MeV. Supernovae will make a neutrino event cluster with the duration of ∼10 s in the KamLAND data. We find no neutrino clusters and give the upper limit on the supernova rate to be 0.15 yr−1 with a 90% confidence level. The detectable range, which corresponds to a >95% detection probability, is 40-59 kpc and 65-81 kpc for core-collapse supernovae and failed core-collapse supernovae, respectively. This paper proposes to convert the supernova rate obtained by the neutrino observation to the Galactic star formation rate. Assuming a modified Salpeter-type initial mass function, the upper limit on the Galactic star formation rate is

Published
2022

39. A search for correlated low-energy electron antineutrinos in KamLAND with gamma-ray bursts

Author

Abe, S., Asami, S., Gando, A., Gando, Y., Gima, T., Goto, A., Hachiya, T., Hata, K., Hosokawa, K., Ichimura, K., Ieki, S., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Ishidoshiro, K., Kamei, Y., Kawada, N., Kishimoto, Y., Kinoshita, T., Koga, M., Maemura, N., Mitsui, T., Miyake, H., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, R., Ozaki, H., Sakai, T., Sambonsugi, H., Shimizu, I., Shirai, J., Shiraishi, K., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, Y., Takeuchi, A., Tamae, K., Eizuka, M., Kurasawa, M., Nakahata, T., Futagi, S., Watanabe, H., Yoshida, Y., Obara, S., Ichikawa, A. K., Yoshida, S., Umehara, S., Fushimi, K., Berger, B. E., Fujikawa, B. K., Learned, J. G., Maricic, J., Axani, S. N., Smolsky, J., Laber-Smith, C., Winslow, L. A., Fu, Z., Ouellet, J., Efremenko, Y., Karwowski, H. J., Markoff, D. M., Tornow, W., Li, A., Detwiler, J. A., Enomoto, S., Decowski, M. P., Grant, C., Song, H., O'Donnell, T., and Dell'Oro, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the results of a time-coincident event search for low-energy electron antineutrinos in the KamLAND detector with gamma-ray bursts from the Gamma-ray Coordinates Network and Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor. Using a variable coincidence time window of $\pm$500s plus the duration of each gamma-ray burst, no statistically significant excess above background is observed. We place the world's most stringent 90% confidence level upper limit on the electron antineutrino fluence below 17.5 MeV. Assuming a Fermi-Dirac neutrino energy spectrum from the gamma-ray burst source, we use the available redshift data to constrain the electron antineutrino luminosity and effective temperature., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures

Published
2021
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40. Complementarity between neutrinoless double beta decay and collider searches for heavy neutrinos in composite-fermion models

Author

Biondini, S., Dell'Oro, S., Leonardi, R., Marcocci, S., Panella, O., Presilla, M., and Vissani, F.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Composite-fermion models predict excited quarks and leptons with mass scales which can potentially be observed at high-energy colliders like the LHC; the most recent exclusion limits from the CMS and ATLAS Collaborations corner excited-fermion masses and the compositeness scale to the multi-TeV range. At the same time, hypothetical composite Majorana neutrinos would lead to observable effects in neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu \beta \beta$) experiments. In this work, we show that the current composite-neutrino exclusion limit $M_N>4.6$ TeV, as extracted from direct searches at the LHC, can indeed be further improved to $M_N>8.8$ TeV by including the bound on the nuclear transition $^{136}$Xe $\to$ $^{136}$Ba $+2e^-$. Looking ahead, the forthcoming HL-LHC will allow probing a larger portion of the parameter-space, nevertheless, it will still benefit from the complementary limit provided by $0 \nu \beta \beta$ future detectors to explore composite-neutrino masses up to $12.6$ TeV.

Published
2021

41. Search for neutrinoless β+EC decay of Te120 with CUORE

Author

Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, C, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D'Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Del Corso, F, Dell'Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Di Lorenzo, S, Dompè, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gianvecchio, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, Yu G, Kowalski, R, Ligi, C, Liu, R, Ma, L, G., Y, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, Nutini, I, O'Donnell, T, Olmi, M, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Quitadamo, S, Ressa, A, Rosenfeld, C, and Sakai, M

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Cardiovascular, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is a large-scale cryogenic experiment searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) in Te130. The CUORE detector is made of natural tellurium, providing the possibility of rare event searches on isotopes other than Te130. In this work we describe a search for neutrinoless positron-emitting electron capture (β+EC) decay in Te120 with a total TeO2 exposure of 355.7 kg yr, corresponding to 0.2405 kg yr of Te120. Albeit 0νββ with two final-state electrons represents the most promising channel, the emission of a positron and two 511-keV γ's make 0νβ+EC decay signature extremely clear. To fully exploit the potential offered by the detector modularity we include events with different topology and perform a simultaneous fit of five selected signal signatures. Using blinded data we extract a median exclusion sensitivity of 3.4×1022 yr at 90% credibility interval (C.I.). After unblinding we find no evidence of 0νβ+EC signal and set a 90% C.I. Bayesian lower limit of 2.9×1022 yr on Te120 half-life. This result improves by an order of magnitude the existing limit from the combined analysis of CUORE-0 and Cuoricino.

Published
2022

42. Search for Majorana neutrinos exploiting millikelvin cryogenics with CUORE

Author

Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FTIII, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D'Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Dell'Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Dompe, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, Yu G, Ligi, C, Liu, R, Ma, L, Ma, YG, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Moggi, N, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, Nutini, I, O'Donnell, T, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Rosenfeld, C, Rusconi, C, Sakai, M, Sangiorgio, S, Schmidt, B, Scielzo, ND, Sharma, V, Singh, V, Sisti, M, and Speller, D

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, CUORE Collaboration, nucl-ex, General Science & Technology
Abstract

The possibility that neutrinos may be their own antiparticles, unique among the known fundamental particles, arises from the symmetric theory of fermions proposed by Ettore Majorana in 19371. Given the profound consequences of such Majorana neutrinos, among which is a potential explanation for the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe via leptogenesis2, the Majorana nature of neutrinos commands intense experimental scrutiny globally; one of the primary experimental probes is neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay. Here we show results from the search for 0νββ decay of 130Te, using the latest advanced cryogenic calorimeters with the CUORE experiment3. CUORE, operating just 10 millikelvin above absolute zero, has pushed the state of the art on three frontiers: the sheer mass held at such ultralow temperatures, operational longevity, and the low levels of ionizing radiation emanating from the cryogenic infrastructure. We find no evidence for 0νββ decay and set a lower bound of the process half-life as 2.2 × 1025 years at a 90 per cent credibility interval. We discuss potential applications of the advances made with CUORE to other fields such as direct dark matter, neutrino and nuclear physics searches and large-scale quantum computing, which can benefit from sustained operation of large payloads in a low-radioactivity, ultralow-temperature cryogenic environment.

Published
2022

43. Limits on astrophysical antineutrinos with the KamLAND experiment

Author

Abe, S., Asami, S., Gando, A., Gando, Y., Gima, T., Goto, A., Hachiya, T., Hata, K., Hayashida, S., Hosokawa, K., Ichimura, K., Ieki, S., Ikeda, H., Inoue, K., Ishidoshiro, K., Kamei, Y., Kawada, N., Kinoshita, T., Kishimoto, Y., Koga, M., Maemura, N., Mitsui, T., Miyake, H., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, R., Ozaki, H., Sakai, T., Sambonsugi, H., Shimizu, I., Shirai, J., Shiraishi, K., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, Y., Takeuchi, A., Tamae, K., Ueshima, K., Wada, Y., Watanabe, H., Yoshida, Y., Obara, S., Ichikawa, A. K., Kozlov, A., Chernyak, D., Takemoto, Y., Yoshida, S., Umehara, S., Fushimi, K., Hirata, S., Nakamura, K. Z., Yoshida, M., Berger, B. E., Fujikawa, B. L., Learned, J. G., Maricic, J., Axani, S. N., Fu, Z., Ouellet, J., Winslow, L. A., Efremenko, Y., Karwowski, H. J., Markoff, D. M., Tornow, W., Li, A., Detwiler, J. A., Enomoto, S., Decowski, M. P., Grant, C., Dell'Oro, S., and O'donnell, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report on a search for electron antineutrinos ($\bar{\nu}_e$) from astrophysical sources in the neutrino energy range 8.3 to 30.8 MeV with the KamLAND detector. In an exposure of 6.72 kton-year of the liquid scintillator, we observe 18 candidate events via the inverse beta decay reaction. Although there is a large background uncertainty from neutral current atmospheric neutrino interactions, we find no significant excess over background model predictions. Assuming several supernova relic neutrino spectra, we give upper flux limits of 60--110 cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ (90% CL) in the analysis range and present a model-independent flux. We also set limits on the annihilation rates for light dark matter pairs to neutrino pairs. These data improves on the upper probability limit of $^{8}$B solar neutrinos converting into $\bar{\nu}_e$'s, $P_{\nu_e \rightarrow \bar{\nu}_e} < 3.5\times10^{-5}$ (90% CL) assuming an undistorted $\bar{\nu}_e$ shape. This corresponds to a solar $\bar{\nu}_e$ flux of 60 cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ (90% CL) in the analysis energy range., Comment: 21 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal

Published
2021
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44. CUORE Opens the Door to Tonne-scale Cryogenics Experiments

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alessandria, F., Alfonso, K., Andreotti, E., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Balata, M., Bandac, I., Banks, T. I., Bari, G., Barucci, M., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Bersani, A., Biare, D., Biassoni, M., Bragazzi, F., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bryant, A., Buccheri, A., Bucci, C., Bulfon, C., Camacho, A., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Capodiferro, M., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Cariello, M., Carniti, P., Carrettoni, M., Casali, N., Cassina, L., Celi, E., Cereseto, R., Ceruti, G., Chiarini, A., Chiesa, D., Chott, N., Clemenza, M., Conventi, D., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Crescentini, C., Creswick, R. J., Cushman, J. S., D'Addabbo, A., D'Aguanno, D., Dafinei, I., Datskov, V., Davis, C. J., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Deninno, M. M., Di Domizio, S., Dompè, V., Di Vacri, M. L., Di Paolo, L., Drobizhev, A., Ejzak, L., Faccini, R., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Gaigher, R., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gladstone, L., Goett, J., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guandalini, C., Guerzoni, M., Guetti, M., Gutierrez, T. D., Haller, E. E., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Hennings-Yeomans, R., Hickerson, K. P., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Iannone, M., Ioannucci, L., Johnston, J., Kadel, R., Keppel, G., Kogler, L., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Leder, A., Ligi, C., Lim, K. E., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Maiano, C., Maino, M., Marini, L., Martinez, M., Amaya, C. Martinez, Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mazza, R., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Mosteiro, P. J., Nagorny, S. S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novati, V., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olcese, M., Olivieri, E., Orio, F., Orlandi, D., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Palmieri, V., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pedretti, M., Pedrotta, R., Pelosi, A., Perego, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Piperno, G., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Reindl, F., Rimondi, F., Risegari, L., Rosenfeld, C., Rossi, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sala, E., Salvioni, C., Sangiorgio, S., Santone, D., Schaeffer, D., Schmidt, B., Schmidt, J., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Smith, A. R., Speller, D., Stivanello, F., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tatananni, L., Tenconi, M., Terranova, F., Tessaro, M., Tomei, C., Ventura, G., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wallig, J., Wang, B. S., Wang, H. W., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Wise, T., Zanotti, L., Zarra, C., Zhang, G. Q., Zhu, B. X., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The past few decades have seen major developments in the design and operation of cryogenic particle detectors. This technology offers an extremely good energy resolution - comparable to semiconductor detectors - and a wide choice of target materials, making low temperature calorimetric detectors ideal for a variety of particle physics applications. Rare event searches have continued to require ever greater exposures, which has driven them to ever larger cryogenic detectors, with the CUORE experiment being the first to reach a tonne-scale, mK-cooled, experimental mass. CUORE, designed to search for neutrinoless double beta decay, has been operational since 2017 at a temperature of about 10 mK. This result has been attained by the use of an unprecedentedly large cryogenic infrastructure called the CUORE cryostat: conceived, designed and commissioned for this purpose. In this article the main characteristics and features of the cryogenic facility developed for the CUORE experiment are highlighted. A brief introduction of the evolution of the field and of the past cryogenic facilities are given. The motivation behind the design and development of the CUORE cryogenic facility is detailed as are the steps taken toward realization, commissioning, and operation of the CUORE cryostat. The major challenges overcome by the collaboration and the solutions implemented throughout the building of the cryogenic facility will be discussed along with the potential improvements for future facilities. The success of CUORE has opened the door to a new generation of large-scale cryogenic facilities in numerous fields of science. Broader implications of the incredible feat achieved by the CUORE collaboration on the future cryogenic facilities in various fields ranging from neutrino and dark matter experiments to quantum computing will be examined., Comment: 45 pages, 14 figures

Published
2021
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45. Latest results from the CUORE experiment

Author

Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Capelli, C, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D'Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Dell'Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Di Lorenzo, S, Dompè, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, YG, Kowalski, R, Ligi, C, Liu, R, Ma, L, Ma, YG, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, Nutini, I, O'Donnell, T, Olmi, M, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Quitadamo, S, Ressa, A, Rosenfeld, C, Rusconi, C, Sakai, M, and Sangiorgio, S

Abstract

The CUORE experiment is searching for the neutrinoless double β decay of the 130Te using cryogenic calorimeters. The CUORE detector consists of 988 TeO2 crystals packed in 19 towers and placed in a cryogenic facility with a base temperature of 10 mK. Crystals are enriched in the isotope 130Te which is the candidate for the neutrinoless double β decay. It is taking data since 2017 at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. Such a long operation of a bolometric experiment in stable condition has no precedent: by reaching 1 tonne-year of exposure CUORE set a fundamental milestone for any future experiment using this technology. The CUORE collaboration investigated the neutrinoless double β decay of 130Te exploiting the updated 1 tonne-year of statistics, setting a limit of 2.2 × 1025 yr at the 90% of credibility interval on the half-life, with a median sensitivity of 2.8 × 1025 yr.

Published
2022

46. Low-energy astrophysics with KamLAND

Author

Kawada, N, Obara, S, Ishidoshiro, K, Grant, C, O’Donnell, T, Dell’Oro, S, Abe, S, Asami, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Gima, T, Goto, A, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Hayashida, S, Hosokawa, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Kamei, Y, Kishimoto, Y, Kinoshita, T, Koga, M, Maemura, N, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Ozaki, H, Sakai, T, Sambonsugi, H, Shimizu, I, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Ueshima, K, Wada, Y, Watanabe, H, Yoshida, Y, Ichikawa, AK, Kozlov, A, Chernyak, D, Takemoto, Y, Yoshida, S, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Nakamura, KZ, Yoshida, M, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Axani, SN, Winslow, LA, Fu, Z, Ouellet, J, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Li, A, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, and Decowski, MP

Abstract

We present two results of a search for MeV-scale neutrino and anti-neutrino events correlated with gravitational wave events/candidates and large solar flares with KamLAND. The KamLAND detector is a large-volume neutrino detector using liquid scintillator, which is located at 1 km underground under the top of Mt. Ikenoyama in Kamioka, Japan. KamLAND has multiple reaction channels to detect neutrinos. Electron antineutrino can be detected via inverse-beta decay with 1.8 MeV neutrino energy threshold. All flavors of neutrinos can be detected via neutrino-electron scattering without neutrino energy threshold. KamLAND has continued the neutrino observation since 2002 March. We use the data set of 60 gravitational waves provided by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration during their second and third observing runs and search for coincident electron antineutrino events in KamLAND. We find no significant coincident signals within a ±500 s timing window from each gravitational wave and present 90% C.L. upper limits on the electron antineutrino fluence between 108–1013 cm−2 for neutrino energies of 1.8–111 MeV. For a solar-flare neutrino search at KamLAND, we determine the timing window using the solar X-ray data set provided by the GOES satellite series from 2002 to 2019 and search for the excess of coincident event rate on the all-flavor neutrinos. We find no significant event rate excess in the flare time windows and get 90% C.L. upper limits on the fluence of neutrinos of all flavors (electron anti-neutrinos) between 1010–1013 cm−2 (108–1013 cm−2) for neutrino energies in the energy range of 0.4–35 MeV.

Published
2022

47. New results from the CUORE experiment

Author

Nutini, I, Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D’Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Dell’Oro, S, Di Domizio, S, Dompè, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, Yu G, Ligi, C, Ma, L, G., Y, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Moggi, N, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, O’Donnell, T, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Rosenfeld, C, Rusconi, C, Sakai, M, Sangiorgio, S, Schmidt, B, Scielzo, ND, Sharma, V, Singh, V, Sisti, M, Speller, D, and Surukuchi, PT

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Neutrinoless double beta decay, two-neutrino double beta decay, background model, cryogenic detectors, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Nuclear and plasma physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the first bolometric experiment searching for neutrino-less double-beta (0νββ) decay that has been able to reach the one-ton scale. The detector, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, consists of an array of 988 TeO2 crystals arranged in a compact cylindrical structure of 19 towers. Following the completion of the detector construction in August 2016, CUORE began its first physics data run in 2017 at a base temperature of about 10 mK. Following multiple optimization campaigns in 2018, CUORE is currently in stable operating mode. In 2019, CUORE released its second result of the search for 0νββ corresponding to a TeO2 exposure of 372.5 kgyr and a median exclusion sensitivity to a 130Te 0νββ decay half-life of 1.7 1025 yr. We find no evidence for 0νββ decay and set a 90% C.I. Bayesian lower limit of 3.2 1025 yr on the 130Te 0νββ decay half-life. We present the current status of CUORE's search for 0νββ. We give an update of the CUORE background model and the measurement of the 130Te two neutrino double-beta (2νββ) decay half-life. Eventually, we show the preliminary results on half-life limits from the analysis of 130Te 0νββ and 2νββ decay to the first 0+ excited state of 130Xe.

Published
2022

48. A Search for Correlated Low-energy Electron Antineutrinos in KamLAND with Gamma-Ray Bursts

Author

Abe, S, Asami, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Gima, T, Goto, A, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Hosokawa, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Ishidoshiro, K, Kamei, Y, Kawada, N, Kishimoto, Y, Kinoshita, T, Koga, M, Maemura, N, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Ozaki, H, Sakai, T, Sambonsugi, H, Shimizu, I, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Eizuka, M, Kurasawa, M, Nakahata, T, Futagi, S, Watanabe, H, Yoshida, Y, Obara, S, Ichikawa, AK, Yoshida, S, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Axani, SN, Smolsky, J, Laber-Smith, C, Winslow, LA, Fu, Z, Ouellet, J, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Li, A, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, Decowski, MP, Grant, C, Song, H, O’Donnell, T, and Dell’Oro, S

Subjects
Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the results of a time-coincident event search for low-energy electron antineutrinos in the KamLAND detector with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from the Gamma-ray Coordinates Network and Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor. Using a variable coincidence time window of ±500 s plus the duration of each GRB, no statistically significant excess above the background is observed. We place the world's most stringent 90% confidence level upper limit on the electron antineutrino fluence below 17.5 MeV. Assuming a Fermi-Dirac neutrino energy spectrum from the GRB source, we use the available redshift data to constrain the electron antineutrino luminosity and effective temperature.

Published
2022

49. Optimization of the first CUPID detector module

Author

collaboration, CUPID, Armatol, A, Augier, C, III, FT Avignone, Azzolini, O, Balata, M, Ballen, K, Barabash, AS, Bari, G, Barresi, A, Baudin, D, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Bettelli, M, Biassoni, M, Billard, J, Boldrini, V, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Capelli, C, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Celi, E, Chang, C, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Colantoni, I, Copello, S, Craft, E, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, Cruciani, A, D'Addabbo, A, D'Imperio, G, Dabagov, S, Dafinei, I, Danevich, FA, Jesus, M De, Marcillac, P de, Dell'Oro, S, Domizio, S Di, Lorenzo, S Di, Dixon, T, Dompè, V, Drobizhev, A, Dumoulin, L, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferri, F, Ferroni, F, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Foggetta, L, Formaggio, J, Franceschi, A, Fu, C, Fu, S, Fujikawa, BK, Gallas, A, Gascon, J, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gianvecchio, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Grant, C, Gras, P, Guillaumon, PV, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Helis, DL, Huang, HZ, Huang, RG, Imbert, L, Johnston, J, Juillard, A, Karapetrov, G, Keppel, G, Khalife, H, Kobychev, VV, Kolomensky, Yu G, Konovalov, SI, Kowalski, R, Langford, T, Lefevre, M, Liu, R, Liu, Y, Loaiza, P, Ma, L, and Madhukuttan, M

Subjects
physics.ins-det, nucl-ex
Abstract

CUPID will be a next generation experiment searching for the neutrinolessdouble $\beta$ decay, whose discovery would establish the Majorana nature ofthe neutrino. Based on the experience achieved with the CUORE experiment,presently taking data at LNGS, CUPID aims to reach a background freeenvironment by means of scintillating Li$_{2}$$^{100}$MoO$_4$ crystals coupledto light detectors. Indeed, the simultaneous heat and light detection allows usto reject the dominant background of $\alpha$ particles, as proven by theCUPID-0 and CUPID-Mo demonstrators. In this work we present the results of thefirst test of the CUPID baseline module. In particular, we propose a newoptimized detector structure and light sensors design to enhance theengineering and the light collection, respectively. We characterized the heatdetectors, achieving an energy resolution of (5.9 $\pm$ 0.2) keV FWHM at the$Q$-value of $^{100}$Mo (about 3034 keV). We studied the light collection ofthe baseline CUPID design with respect to an alternative configuration whichfeatures gravity-assisted light detectors' mounting. In both cases we obtainedan improvement in the light collection with respect to past measures and wevalidated the particle identification capability of the detector, which ensuresan $\alpha$ particle rejection higher than 99.9%, fully satisfying therequirements for CUPID.

Published
2022

50. Limits on Astrophysical Antineutrinos with the KamLAND Experiment

Author

Abe, S, Asami, S, Gando, A, Gando, Y, Gima, T, Goto, A, Hachiya, T, Hata, K, Hayashida, S, Hosokawa, K, Ichimura, K, Ieki, S, Ikeda, H, Inoue, K, Ishidoshiro, K, Kamei, Y, Kawada, N, Kishimoto, Y, Kinoshita, T, Koga, M, Maemura, N, Mitsui, T, Miyake, H, Nakamura, K, Nakamura, R, Ozaki, H, Sakai, T, Sambonsugi, H, Shimizu, I, Shirahata, Y, Shirai, J, Shiraishi, K, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, Y, Takeuchi, A, Tamae, K, Ueshima, K, Wada, Y, Watanabe, H, Yoshida, Y, Obara, S, Ichikawa, AK, Kozlov, A, Chernyak, D, Takemoto, Y, Yoshida, S, Umehara, S, Fushimi, K, Hirata, S, Nakamura, KZ, Yoshida, M, Berger, BE, Fujikawa, BK, Learned, JG, Maricic, J, Axani, SN, Winslow, LA, Fu, Z, Ouellet, J, Efremenko, Y, Karwowski, HJ, Markoff, DM, Tornow, W, Li, A, Detwiler, JA, Enomoto, S, Decowski, MP, Grant, C, O’Donnell, T, and Dell’Oro, S

Subjects
Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract

We report on a search for electron antineutrinos ( ) from astrophysical sources in the neutrino energy range 8.3-30.8 MeV with the KamLAND detector. In an exposure of 6.72 kton-year of the liquid scintillator, we observe 18 candidate events via the inverse beta decay reaction. Although there is a large background uncertainty from neutral current atmospheric neutrino interactions, we find no significant excess over background model predictions. Assuming several supernova relic neutrino spectra, we give upper flux limits of 60-110 cm-2 s-1 (90% confidence level, CL) in the analysis range and present a model-independent flux. We also set limits on the annihilation rates for light dark matter pairs to neutrino pairs. These data improve on the upper probability limit of 8B solar neutrinos converting into , (90% CL) assuming an undistorted shape. This corresponds to a solar flux of 60 cm-2 s-1 (90% CL) in the analysis energy range.

Published
2022

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