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This paper builds on evidence of community participation in the form of capacity-building practices following the growing trend of ecotourism development that is exponentially penetrating small islands. With an emphasis on the discussion of governance and local community involvement in development processes, this paper uses a systematic literature review combined with bibliometric analysis to identify and explore the trajectories of key themes in research in the field of alternative governance of small island ecotourism from 1980-2021. Initially, we identified 572 papers that matched the selection criteria. After filtering, we found 22 articles that revolved around the governance of (community-based) ecotourism on small islands. Building on the review, we then examined the potential theoretical contributions to guide future research regarding the building of bottom-linked socially innovative governance of ecotourism on small islands in general, and the role of participation, community capacity building, (socio-political) emancipation and (political) bargaining power in particular.

Background/Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, and most patients are suitable for locoregional and/or systemic therapy at the time of diagnosis. In this study, we aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of transarterial radioembolization in elderly patients. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma between 2013 and 2022 were screened retrospectively. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the elderly (age ≥70 years) and the young (age .05). Hepatitis B was the most common cause in both groups. There were no significant differences between groups with regard to morphological features of tumors [tumor focality (single; 62.2% and 60.7%, respectively) and maximal tumor diameter (6.9 and 6.55 cm, respectively)], transarterial radioembolization responses (51.1% and 39.3%, respectively), survival (9 and 8.5 months), and both early and late side effects (P > .05). Age was not found to be an effective factor in transarterial radioembolization response (P > .05). Conclusion: No differences in the safety and efficacy of transarterial radioembolization were observed between the groups. In addition, it was observed that age was not a predictive factor for adverse events. In elderly patients in the frail group, it should be considered that age alone should not be seen as a limitation in the transarterial radioembolization decision.

Research background. Kombucha is a fermented beverage with several health benefits; however, to improve its antioxidant activity, new raw materials such as hop, madimak and hawthorn were included in the present study. Experimental approach. The somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) was performed on the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) to evaluate the antigenotoxic potential of black tea-flavoured kombucha and three other flavours of kombuchas (hop, madimak and hawthorn) against H2O2- and K2Cr2O7-induced genotoxicity. Furthermore, a lifespan assay was performed to assess the effects of kombuchas on the longevity of the fruit fly. Results and conclusions. According to the results obtained from the SMART assay, hop-flavoured kombucha attenuated genotoxicity induced by H2O2, and madimak-flavoured kombucha reduced genotoxicity induced by H2O2 and K2Cr2O7. Black tea- and hop-flavoured kombucha prolonged the lifespan of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) after the treatment with H2O2 and K2Cr2O7. Novelty and scientific contribution. Hop-flavoured kombucha is a promising antioxidant that protects the genome and extends the lifespan of the fruit fly. This study sheds light on novel beverages that can combat ageing and protect against genotoxicity.

The peri‑urban area possesses mixed characteristics of rural and urban areas, i.e., agricultural, and built-up land. This review explains various themes and concepts of peri‑urban areas and the importance of peri‑urban agriculture (PUA) as an ecosystem service (ES) for their surrounding areas. The methodological approach is a systematic literature search and explanatory review of books and journal articles. The focus of the discussion is as follows: (1) quantification of review results, (2) urbanization pressures, peri‑urban, and governance, (3) two different concepts about the peri‑urban area, (4) protection of PUA and their resilience, and (5) role of PUA in providing ESs to other regions. The review shows that PUA is more crucial in urban areas than in rural areas in terms of food supply, ecology and biodiversity preservation, disaster mitigation, and recreation. One of the primary causes of PUA loss is massive urban expansion, which entails the conversion of agricultural land in peri‑urban areas into built-up land. Hence, we suggest that every country should develop a peri‑urban management policy. We argue that sociocultural biases in PUA have resulted in many institutional constraints on peri‑urban management being incorporated within existing political and regulatory frameworks, including planning practices and longstanding laws and regulations.

Klebsiella species are becoming a major global public health concern. In particular, the increase in multidrug-resistant strains is a cause for concern. This study was aimed at determining the antibiotic susceptibility of two different isolates of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae and determining the virulence characteristics and bacterial morphology under subminimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics. In this study, two multidrug-resistant K. quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae isolates were identified, one of which was clinical, and the other was isolated from freshwater. The MICs of the antibiotics meropenem, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and kanamycin were determined for these isolates. The effects of the sub-MICs on the virulence and morphological characteristics of the bacteria were investigated in comparison with K. pneumoniae (ATCC 13883). The MICs of meropenem, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and kanamycin were 0.04, 20, 2, and 8 μg/mL in the clinical isolate; 0.2, 15, 5, and 2 μg/mL in the freshwater isolate; and 0.03, 3, 0.1, and 0.3 μg/mL for K. pneumoniae. The biofilm-forming ability of K. quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae isolates decreased with antibiotic sub-MICs. Siderophore activity increased only with MIC/4 of kanamycin and MIC/2 of chloramphenicol in the clinical isolate (p>0.05). Furthermore, bacterial morphology and expression of virulence genes were affected differently by the sub-MICs. This study showed that biofilm formation decreased and that the changes in bacterial morphology and expression of virulence genes were very different in the presence of 1/2 and 1/4 sub-MIC antibiotics.

Research background. Kombucha is consumed worldwide for its beneficial health effects. Kombucha teas fermented with various herbal infusions have become very important nowadays. Although black tea is used for kombucha fermentation, kombucha teas fermented with different herbal infusions have gained great importance. In this study, three different traditional medicinal plants, namely hop (Humulus lupulus L.), madimak (Polygonum cognatum) and hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) were used for the fermentation of kombucha beverages, and the bioactivity of these beverages was investigated extensively. Experimental approach. The microbiological profile, bacterial cellulose formation, antibacterial, antiproliferative and antioxidant activities, sensory properties, total phenolic content and flavonoid content of kombucha beverages were investigated. Liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry analysis was used to identify and quantify specific polyphenolic compounds in the samples. Results and conclusions. According to the results, the hawthorn-flavoured kombucha, which has lower free radical scavenging activity than the other samples, came into prominence in terms of sensory properties. All examined kombucha beverages showed a strong cytotoxic effect on Mahlavu and HCT116 cell lines, but only the madimak-flavoured kombucha sample, which had a higher total phenolic/flavonoid content, had antibacterial activity against all microorganisms used in the study. Novelty and scientific contribution. Considering the results of this study, madimak could be an effective herb for the development of new kombucha beverages, although its sensory properties still need to be improved. This study contributes to science in terms of producing new fermented beverages with improved beneficial health effects.

This article explores the intricate relationship between self-organisation and planning in megaregional transportation dynamics, using the North Coast of Java as a case study. Focusing on circular migration during the Eid holiday season, the study identifies the crucial roles of symmetry breaks, feedback loops and interventions in shaping transportation patterns. Specifically, the article employs qualitative methods, including interviews with key stakeholders and analysis of transportation data, to investigate the dynamics of circular migration. The findings reveal how planning interventions influence outcomes, emphasise the importance of multilevel governance, and offer insights for planning in complex systems. This work enhances our understanding of self-organisation and planning, providing valuable guidance for urban practitioners dealing with complex socio-spatial systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Astronomical observatory construction plays an essential role in astronomy research, education, and tourism development worldwide. This study develops siting distribution scenarios for astronomical observatory locations in Indonesia using a suitability analysis by integrating the physical and atmospheric observatory suitability indexes, machine learning models, and long-term climate models. Subsequently, potential sites are equalized based on longitude and latitude zonal divisions considering air pollution disturbance risks. The study novelty comes from the integrated model development of physical and socio-economic factors, dynamic spatiotemporal analysis of atmospheric factors, and the consideration of equitable low air-pollution-disturbance-risk distribution in optimal country-level observatory construction scenarios. Generally, Indonesia comprises high suitability index and low multi-source air pollution risk areas, although some area has high astronomical suitability and high-medium air pollution risk. Most of Java, the east coast of Sumatra, and the west and south coasts of Kalimantan demonstrate "low astronomical suitability-high air pollution risk." A total of eighteen locations are recommended for new observatories, of which five, one, three, four, two, and three are on Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, and Papua, respectively. This study provides a comprehensive approach to determine the optimal observatory construction site to optimize the potential of astronomical activities.

Klebsiella species are becoming a major global public health concern. In particular, the increase in multidrug‐resistant strains is a cause for concern. This study was aimed at determining the antibiotic susceptibility of two different isolates of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae and determining the virulence characteristics and bacterial morphology under subminimum inhibitory concentrations (sub‐MICs) of antibiotics. In this study, two multidrug‐resistant K. quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae isolates were identified, one of which was clinical, and the other was isolated from freshwater. The MICs of the antibiotics meropenem, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and kanamycin were determined for these isolates. The effects of the sub‐MICs on the virulence and morphological characteristics of the bacteria were investigated in comparison with K. pneumoniae (ATCC 13883). The MICs of meropenem, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and kanamycin were 0.04, 20, 2, and 8 μg/mL in the clinical isolate; 0.2, 15, 5, and 2 μg/mL in the freshwater isolate; and 0.03, 3, 0.1, and 0.3 μg/mL for K. pneumoniae. The biofilm‐forming ability of K. quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae isolates decreased with antibiotic sub‐MICs. Siderophore activity increased only with MIC/4 of kanamycin and MIC/2 of chloramphenicol in the clinical isolate (p > 0.05). Furthermore, bacterial morphology and expression of virulence genes were affected differently by the sub‐MICs. This study showed that biofilm formation decreased and that the changes in bacterial morphology and expression of virulence genes were very different in the presence of 1/2 and 1/4 sub‐MIC antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background Patatin-like Phospholipase Domain-Containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 is a genetic variant that is associated with an increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic liver disease. This functional mechanism may cause liver cancer by altering protein function without affecting gene expression. Our aim in this study is to investigate the potential effect of PNPLA3 polymorphism on HCC development and to report its results. Material and Methodology A case-control study was designed involving 224 diagnosed and pathologically confirmed patients with HCC. Four groups were formed as ([HBV] n = 110, [HCV] n = 38, [other etiologies] n = 76) and 62 healthy controls. PNPLA3 genotyping in patients diagnosed with HCC was concluded by DNA isolation from blood samples. PNPLA3 rs738409 variant was genotyped in RT PCR device with Taq Man allelic separation test designed by the manufacturers according to protocols. The C nucleotide and G nucleotide were detected in VIC; FAM hydrolysis probes were used for genotyping and binding. SPSS program was used for statistical analysis. Results The PNPLA3 genotypes were determined for the groups of HBV-related HCC, HCV-related HCC, other etiologies-related HCC, and control. The HBV-related HCC group had CC (n = 58), CG (n = 36), and GG (n = 16) genotypes. The HCV-related HCC group had CC (n = 22), CG (n = 9), and GG (n = 7) genotypes. The other etiologies-related HCC group had CC (n = 35), CG (n = 26), and GG (n = 15) genotypes. The control group had CC (n = 36), CG (n = 13), and GG (n = 13) genotypes. Conclusions PNPLA3 rs738409 is an inherited risk factor for HCC development in chronic liver disease. Our study found that the GG genotype can directly activate liver cancer in other etiology groups. According to our findings, we think that PNPLA3 polymorphism can be used as a biomarker in the development of HCC due to other etiologies group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstrak Transisi energi terbarukan merupakan salah satu perubahan yang memberikan dampak positif terhadap lingkungan. Salah satu aktivitas yang banyak menyumbang emisi CO2 adalah aktivitas transportasi. Indonesia menjadi salah satu dari lima negara bersama Cina, Jepang, Korea, dan India menjadi penyumbang CO2 terbanyak kepada global terutama dalam transportasi. Hadirnya transisi kendaraan listrik menjadi salah satu solusi untuk mengurangi polusi serta energi terbarukan. Self-organization merupakan pendekatan perencanaan transformatif untuk melihat kompleksitas transisi. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif, analisis kebijakan, dan analisis feedback loop, artikel ini ingin menunjukkan bagaimana proses transisi kendaraan listrik ini di DKI Jakarta, sebagai wilayah perkotaan terbesar dan terpadat di Indonesia. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan perubahan kendaraan listrik, dukungan pemerintah, serta feedback positif dan negatif dari masyarakat. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan strategi self-organization transformasi kendaraan listrik dengan melibatkan berbagai pihak dalam proses perubahan sistem transportasi di Indonesia. Kata-kata Kunci: Kendaraan listrik; self-organization system, energi terbarukan , DKI Jakarta Abstract The transition to renewable energy is one of the changes that have a positive impact on the environment. One activity that contributes a lot to CO2 emissions is transportation activities. Indonesia is one of the five countries along with China, Japan, Korea, and India to be the largest contributor of CO2 to the world, especially in transportation. The presence of the transition to electric vehicles is one solution to reduce pollution and renewable energy. Self-organization is a transformative planning approach to see the complexity of the transition. By using descriptive analysis methods, policy analysis, and feedback loop analysis, this article wants to show how the transition process for electric vehicles is in DKI Jakarta, as the largest and most densely populated urban area in Indonesia. The results show that there is an increase in changes to electric vehicles, government support, as well as positive and negative feedback from the community. This study recommends a self-organization strategy for transforming electric vehicles by involving various parties in the process of changing the transportation system in Indonesia. Keywords: Electric vehicle, self-organization system, renewable energy, DKI Jakarta

Kombucha is a Far East-originated fermented beverage that is valued by people for its health benefits worldwide. Fruit and fruit juice of the gilaburu plant is used in traditional medicine. In this study, fruit juice of gilaburu is used in a 21-day kombucha fermentation. Sensory properties, microbiological profile, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the prepared beverages for days 0, 7, 14, and 21st were investigated. In addition, chemical compound profiles were determined using LC-MS/MS on the 7th and 14th days. When evaluated in general, gilaburu-flavoured kombucha yielded better results than traditional kombucha in terms of microbiological analysis, antibacterial activity, total phenolic content, and sensory properties. In addition, the LC-MS/MS analysis of the beverages revealed fourteen active compounds. Notably, on the 7th day, gilaburu-flavoured kombucha exhibited elevated levels of fumaric acid, quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, 4-OH-benzoic acid, epicatechin, vitexin and hesperidin compared to traditional kombucha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dibutuhkan suatu pemahaman utuh terhadap isu-isu sosial yang muncul sebagai dampak dari adanya gated community. Konsep yang dapat mengakomodasi isu sosial tersebut adalah keberlanjutan sosial. Keberlanjutan sosial penting dikaji karena dapat menggambarkan secara utuh isu-isu sosial gated community. Keberlanjutan sosial dalam penelitian ini merepresentasikan kondisi dimensi sosial yang berkelanjutan. Kondisi yang dimaksud merujuk pada kondisi tidak adanya permasalahan sosial akibat keberadaan gated community, terutama segregasi dan ketimpangan. Kondisi ini dapat dicapai dengan adanya modal dan integrasi sosial yang dapat mencegah terjadinya permasalahan sosial tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik dan keberlanjutan sosial gated community the Taman Dayu di Kecamatan Prigen, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Keberlanjutan sosial gated community the Taman Dayu dinilai penting dikaji karena sebagai gated community terbesar di Kabupaten Pasuruan memiliki kemungkinan menghasilkan dampak yang lebih besar. Keberlanjutan sosial ditijau dari dua indikator, ayitu modal sosial (jaringan sosial, kepercayaan dan resiprositas) serta integrasi sosial (sudut pandang terhadap pemisahan sosial maupun spasial serta aksesibilitas terhadap fasilitas) yang datanya diperoleh melalui survei primer menggunakan kuisioner. Keduanya dinilai menggunakan metode indeks komposit untuk mendapatkan nilai indeks keberlanjutan sosial. Temuan yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa keberlanjutan sosial gated community the Taman Dayu termasuk sedang. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan masukan kebijakan pengembangan wilayah yang terintegrasi dengan pembangunan perumahan untuk mewujudkan pembangunan yang berkelanjutan.

The gentrification literature, which is originated in the urban context, has now extended to suburb. Using content analysis on previous related case studies, this article shows that suburban gentrification is not necessarily a natural phenomenon resulting from disinvestment as the neighborhood lifecycle approach commonly suggests. As long as there is a development trigger, the suburb can gentrify anytime as it generally has a lower land value and a lower risk than urban area. The private sector and government play a key role in initiating and facilitating it to happen. In suburban context, the impacts of gentrification is complex, entailing varying negative and positive implications for the physical environment, the economies, and the society.

Gram-negative Tripartite Resistance Nodulation and cell Division (RND) superfamily efflux pumps confer various functions, including multidrug and bile salt resistance, quorum-sensing, virulence and can influence the rate of mutations on the chromosome. Multidrug RND efflux systems are often characterized by a wide substrate specificity. Similarly to many other RND efflux pump systems, AcrAD-TolC confers resistance toward SDS, novobiocin and deoxycholate. In contrast to the other pumps, however, it in addition confers resistance against aminoglycosides and dianionic β-lactams, such as sulbenicillin, aztreonam and carbenicillin. Here, we could show that AcrD from Salmonella typhimurium confers resistance toward several hitherto unreported AcrD substrates such as temocillin, dicloxacillin, cefazolin and fusidic acid. In order to address the molecular determinants of the S. typhimurium AcrD substrate specificity, we conducted substitution analyses in the putative access and deep binding pockets and in the TM1/TM2 groove region. The variants were tested in E. coli ΔacrBΔacrD against β-lactams oxacillin, carbenicillin, aztreonam and temocillin. Deep binding pocket variants N136A, D276A and Y327A; access pocket variant R625A; and variants with substitutions in the groove region between TM1 and TM2 conferred a sensitive phenotype and might, therefore, be involved in anionic β-lactam export. In contrast, lower susceptibilities were observed for E. coli cells harbouring deep binding pocket variants T139A, D176A, S180A, F609A, T611A and F627A and the TM1/TM2 groove variant I337A. This study provides the first insights of side chains involved in drug binding and transport for AcrD from S. typhimurium.

Copyright of Journal of Planning Education & Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)