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1. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines

Author

Théry, Clotilde, Witwer, Kenneth W, Aikawa, Elena, Alcaraz, Maria Jose, Anderson, Johnathon D, Andriantsitohaina, Ramaroson, Antoniou, Anna, Arab, Tanina, Archer, Fabienne, Atkin‐Smith, Georgia K, Ayre, D Craig, Bach, Jean‐Marie, Bachurski, Daniel, Baharvand, Hossein, Balaj, Leonora, Baldacchino, Shawn, Bauer, Natalie N, Baxter, Amy A, Bebawy, Mary, Beckham, Carla, Zavec, Apolonija Bedina, Benmoussa, Abderrahim, Berardi, Anna C, Bergese, Paolo, Bielska, Ewa, Blenkiron, Cherie, Bobis‐Wozowicz, Sylwia, Boilard, Eric, Boireau, Wilfrid, Bongiovanni, Antonella, Borràs, Francesc E, Bosch, Steffi, Boulanger, Chantal M, Breakefield, Xandra, Breglio, Andrew M, Brennan, Meadhbh Á, Brigstock, David R, Brisson, Alain, Broekman, Marike LD, Bromberg, Jacqueline F, Bryl‐Górecka, Paulina, Buch, Shilpa, Buck, Amy H, Burger, Dylan, Busatto, Sara, Buschmann, Dominik, Bussolati, Benedetta, Buzás, Edit I, Byrd, James Bryan, Camussi, Giovanni, Carter, David RF, Caruso, Sarah, Chamley, Lawrence W, Chang, Yu‐Ting, Chen, Chihchen, Chen, Shuai, Cheng, Lesley, Chin, Andrew R, Clayton, Aled, Clerici, Stefano P, Cocks, Alex, Cocucci, Emanuele, Coffey, Robert J, Cordeiro‐da‐Silva, Anabela, Couch, Yvonne, Coumans, Frank AW, Coyle, Beth, Crescitelli, Rossella, Criado, Miria Ferreira, D'Souza‐Schorey, Crislyn, Das, Saumya, Chaudhuri, Amrita Datta, de Candia, Paola, De Santana, Eliezer F, De Wever, Olivier, del Portillo, Hernando A, Demaret, Tanguy, Deville, Sarah, Devitt, Andrew, Dhondt, Bert, Di Vizio, Dolores, Dieterich, Lothar C, Dolo, Vincenza, Rubio, Ana Paula Dominguez, Dominici, Massimo, Dourado, Mauricio R, Driedonks, Tom AP, Duarte, Filipe V, Duncan, Heather M, Eichenberger, Ramon M, Ekström, Karin, Andaloussi, Samir EL, Elie‐Caille, Celine, Erdbrügger, Uta, Falcón‐Pérez, Juan M, Fatima, Farah, Fish, Jason E, Flores‐Bellver, Miguel, Försönits, András, and Frelet‐Barrand, Annie

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biological Sciences, extracellular vesicles, exosomes, ectosomes, microvesicles, minimal information requirements, guidelines, standardization, microparticles, rigor, reproducibility, Biochemistry and cell biology
Abstract

The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, and to characterize properly. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles ("MISEV") guidelines for the field in 2014. We now update these "MISEV2014" guidelines based on evolution of the collective knowledge in the last four years. An important point to consider is that ascribing a specific function to EVs in general, or to subtypes of EVs, requires reporting of specific information beyond mere description of function in a crude, potentially contaminated, and heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims that exosomes are endowed with exquisite and specific activities remain difficult to support experimentally, given our still limited knowledge of their specific molecular machineries of biogenesis and release, as compared with other biophysically similar EVs. The MISEV2018 guidelines include tables and outlines of suggested protocols and steps to follow to document specific EV-associated functional activities. Finally, a checklist is provided with summaries of key points.

Published
2018

3. Plasmodium vivax spleen-dependent genes encode antigens associated with cytoadhesion and clinical protection

Author

Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, Bernabeu, Maria, Castellanos, Angélica, Correa, Bruna R., Obadia, Thomas, Ramirez, Miriam, Rui, Edmilson, Hentzschel, Franziska, López-Montañés, Maria, Ayllon-Hermida, Alberto, Martin-Jaular, Lorena, Elizalde-Torrent, Aleix, Siba, Peter, Vêncio, Ricardo Z., Arevalo-Herrera, Myriam, Herrera, Sócrates, Alonso, Pedro L., Mueller, Ivo, and del Portillo, Hernando A.

Published
2020

6. EVpedia: a community web portal for extracellular vesicles research

Author

Kim, Dae-Kyum, Lee, Jaewook, Kim, Sae Rom, Choi, Dong-Sic, Yoon, Yae Jin, Kim, Ji Hyun, Go, Gyeongyun, Nhung, Dinh, Hong, Kahye, Jang, Su Chul, Kim, Si-Hyun, Park, Kyong-Su, Kim, Oh Youn, Park, Hyun Taek, Seo, Ji Hye, Aikawa, Elena, Baj-Krzyworzeka, Monika, van Balkom, Bas WM, Belting, Mattias, Blanc, Lionel, Bond, Vincent, Bongiovanni, Antonella, Borràs, Francesc E, Buée, Luc, Buzás, Edit I, Cheng, Lesley, Clayton, Aled, Cocucci, Emanuele, Dela Cruz, Charles S, Desiderio, Dominic M, Di Vizio, Dolores, Ekström, Karin, Falcon-Perez, Juan M, Gardiner, Chris, Giebel, Bernd, Greening, David W, Gross, Julia Christina, Gupta, Dwijendra, Hendrix, An, Hill, Andrew F, Hill, Michelle M, Nolte-'t Hoen, Esther, Hwang, Do Won, Inal, Jameel, Jagannadham, Medicharla V, Jayachandran, Muthuvel, Jee, Young-Koo, Jørgensen, Malene, Kim, Kwang Pyo, Kim, Yoon-Keun, Kislinger, Thomas, Lässer, Cecilia, Lee, Dong Soo, Lee, Hakmo, van Leeuwen, Johannes, Lener, Thomas, Liu, Ming-Lin, Lötvall, Jan, Marcilla, Antonio, Mathivanan, Suresh, Möller, Andreas, Morhayim, Jess, Mullier, François, Nazarenko, Irina, Nieuwland, Rienk, Nunes, Diana N, Pang, Ken, Park, Jaesung, Patel, Tushar, Pocsfalvi, Gabriella, Del Portillo, Hernando, Putz, Ulrich, Ramirez, Marcel I, Rodrigues, Marcio L, Roh, Tae-Young, Royo, Felix, Sahoo, Susmita, Schiffelers, Raymond, Sharma, Shivani, Siljander, Pia, Simpson, Richard J, Soekmadji, Carolina, Stahl, Philip, Stensballe, Allan, Stępień, Ewa, Tahara, Hidetoshi, Trummer, Arne, Valadi, Hadi, Vella, Laura J, Wai, Sun Nyunt, Witwer, Kenneth, Yáñez-Mó, María, Youn, Hyewon, Zeidler, Reinhard, and Gho, Yong Song

Subjects
Biomedical Research, Computational Biology, Database Management Systems, Databases, Factual, Exosomes, Extracellular Space, Humans, Software, User-Computer Interface, Mathematical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Information and Computing Sciences, Bioinformatics
Abstract

MotivationExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are spherical bilayered proteolipids, harboring various bioactive molecules. Due to the complexity of the vesicular nomenclatures and components, online searches for EV-related publications and vesicular components are currently challenging.ResultsWe present an improved version of EVpedia, a public database for EVs research. This community web portal contains a database of publications and vesicular components, identification of orthologous vesicular components, bioinformatic tools and a personalized function. EVpedia includes 6879 publications, 172 080 vesicular components from 263 high-throughput datasets, and has been accessed more than 65 000 times from more than 750 cities. In addition, about 350 members from 73 international research groups have participated in developing EVpedia. This free web-based database might serve as a useful resource to stimulate the emerging field of EV research.Availability and implementationThe web site was implemented in PHP, Java, MySQL and Apache, and is freely available at http://evpedia.info.

Published
2015

7. Plasmodium vivax spleendependent protein 1 and its role in extracellular vesicles-mediated intrasplenic infections.

Author

Ayllon-Hermida, Alberto, Nicolau-Fernandez, Marc, Larrinaga, Ane M., Aparici-Herraiz, Iris, Tintó-Font, Elisabet, Llorà-Batlle, Oriol, Orban, Agnes, Fernanda Yasnot, María, Graupera, Mariona, Esteller, Manel, Popovici, Jean, Cortés, Alfred, del Portillo, Hernando A., and Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen

Subjects
PLASMODIUM vivax, ERYTHROCYTES, EXTRACELLULAR vesicles, BIOMASS
Abstract

Recent studies indicate that human spleen contains over 95% of the total parasite biomass during chronic asymptomatic infections caused by Plasmodium vivax. Previous studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from infected reticulocytes facilitate binding to human spleen fibroblasts (hSFs) and identified parasite genes whose expression was dependent on an intact spleen. Here, we characterize the P. vivax spleen-dependent hypothetical gene (PVX_114580). Using CRISPR/Cas9, PVX_114580 was integrated into P. falciparum 3D7 genome and expressed during asexual stages. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that the protein, which we named P. vivax Spleen-Dependent Protein 1 (PvSDP1), was located at the surface of infected red blood cells in the transgenic line and this localization was later confirmed in natural infections. Plasma-derived EVs fromP. vivax-infected individuals (PvEVs) significantly increased cytoadherence of 3D7_PvSDP1 transgenic line to hSFs and this binding was inhibited by anti-PvSDP1 antibodies. Single-cell RNAseq of PvEVs-treated hSFs revealed increased expression of adhesion-related genes. These findings demonstrate the importance of parasite spleen-dependent genes and EVs from natural infections in the formation of intrasplenic niches in P. vivax, a major challenge formalaria elimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles from Plasmodium vivax patients signal spleen fibroblasts via NF-kB facilitating parasite cytoadherence

Author

Toda, Haruka, Diaz-Varela, Miriam, Segui-Barber, Joan, Roobsoong, Wanlapa, Baro, Barbara, Garcia-Silva, Susana, Galiano, Alicia, Gualdrón-López, Melisa, Almeida, Anne C. G., Brito, Marcelo A. M., de Melo, Gisely Cardoso, Aparici-Herraiz, Iris, Castro-Cavadía, Carlos, Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo, Borràs, Eva, Sabidó, Eduard, Almeida, Igor C., Chojnacki, Jakub, Martinez-Picado, Javier, Calvo, Maria, Armengol, Pilar, Carmona-Fonseca, Jaime, Yasnot, Maria Fernanda, Lauzurica, Ricardo, Marcilla, Antonio, Peinado, Hector, Galinski, Mary R., Lacerda, Marcus V. G., Sattabongkot, Jetsumon, Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, and del Portillo, Hernando A.

Published
2020
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10. Evaluation of splenic accumulation and colocalization of immature reticulocytes and Plasmodium vivax in asymptomatic malaria: A prospective human splenectomy study

Author

Kho, Steven, Qotrunnada, Labibah, Leonardo, Leo, Andries, Benediktus, Wardani, Putu A. I., Fricot, Aurelie, Henry, Benoit, Hardy, David, Margyaningsih, Nur I., Apriyanti, Dwi, Puspitasari, Agatha M., Prayoga, Pak, Trianty, Leily, Kenangalem, Enny, Chretien, Fabrice, Brousse, Valentine, Safeukui, Innocent, del Portillo, Hernando A., Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, Meibalan, Elamaran, Marti, Matthias, Price, Ric N., Woodberry, Tonia, Ndour, Papa A., Russell, Bruce M., Yeo, Tsin W., Minigo, Gabriela, Noviyanti, Rintis, Poespoprodjo, Jeanne R., Siregar, Nurjati C., Buffet, Pierre A., and Anstey, Nicholas M.

Subjects
Spleen -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects, Plasmodium vivax -- Physiological aspects, Erythrocytes -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects, Malaria -- Physiological aspects -- Complications and side effects, Carrier state (Communicable diseases) -- Physiological aspects -- Complications and side effects, Host-parasite relationships -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background A very large biomass of intact asexual-stage malaria parasites accumulates in the spleen of asymptomatic human individuals infected with Plasmodium vivax. The mechanisms underlying this intense tropism are not clear. We hypothesised that immature reticulocytes, in which P. vivax develops, may display high densities in the spleen, thereby providing a niche for parasite survival. Methods and findings We examined spleen tissue in 22 mostly untreated individuals naturally exposed to P. vivax and Plasmodium falciparum undergoing splenectomy for any clinical indication in malaria-endemic Papua, Indonesia (2015 to 2017). Infection, parasite and immature reticulocyte density, and splenic distribution were analysed by optical microscopy, flow cytometry, and molecular assays. Nine non-endemic control spleens from individuals undergoing spleno-pancreatectomy in France (2017 to 2020) were also examined for reticulocyte densities. There were no exclusion criteria or sample size considerations in both patient cohorts for this demanding approach. In Indonesia, 95.5% (21/22) of splenectomy patients had asymptomatic splenic Plasmodium infection (7 P. vivax, 13 P. falciparum, and 1 mixed infection). Significant splenic accumulation of immature CD71 intermediate- and high-expressing reticulocytes was seen, with concentrations 11 times greater than in peripheral blood. Accordingly, in France, reticulocyte concentrations in the splenic effluent were higher than in peripheral blood. Greater rigidity of reticulocytes in splenic than in peripheral blood, and their higher densities in splenic cords both suggest a mechanical retention process. Asexual-stage P. vivax-infected erythrocytes of all developmental stages accumulated in the spleen, with non-phagocytosed parasite densities 3,590 times (IQR: 2,600 to 4,130) higher than in circulating blood, and median total splenic parasite loads 81 (IQR: 14 to 205) times greater, accounting for 98.7% (IQR: 95.1% to 98.9%) of the estimated total-body P. vivax biomass. More reticulocytes were in contact with sinus lumen endothelial cells in P. vivax- than in P. falciparum-infected spleens. Histological analyses revealed 96% of P. vivax rings/trophozoites and 46% of schizonts colocalised with 92% of immature reticulocytes in the cords and sinus lumens of the red pulp. Larger splenic cohort studies and similar investigations in untreated symptomatic malaria are warranted. Conclusions Immature CD71.sup.+ reticulocytes and splenic P. vivax-infected erythrocytes of all asexual stages accumulate in the same splenic compartments, suggesting the existence of a cryptic endosplenic lifecycle in chronic P. vivax infection. Findings provide insight into P. vivax-specific adaptions that have evolved to maximise survival and replication in the spleen., Author(s): Steven Kho 1, Labibah Qotrunnada 2, Leo Leonardo 3, Benediktus Andries 3, Putu A. I. Wardani 4, Aurelie Fricot 5, Benoit Henry 5, David Hardy 6, Nur I. Margyaningsih [...]

Published
2021
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14. Mass Spectrometry Identification of Biomarkers in Extracellular Vesicles From Plasmodium vivax Liver Hypnozoite Infections

Author

Gualdrón-López, Melisa, primary, Díaz-Varela, Miriam, additional, Zanghi, Gigliola, additional, Aparici-Herraiz, Iris, additional, Steel, Ryan W.J., additional, Schäfer, Carola, additional, Cuscó, Pol, additional, Chuenchob, Vorada, additional, Kangwangransan, Niwat, additional, Billman, Zachary P., additional, Olsen, Tayla M., additional, González, Juan R., additional, Roobsoong, Wanlapa, additional, Sattabongkot, Jetsumon, additional, Murphy, Sean C., additional, Mikolajczak, Sebastian A., additional, Borràs, Eva, additional, Sabidó, Eduard, additional, Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, additional, Flannery, Erika L., additional, Kappe, Stefan H.I., additional, and del Portillo, Hernando A., additional

Published
2022
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20. Advancing Key Gaps in the Knowledge of Plasmodium vivax Cryptic Infections Using Humanized Mouse Models and Organs-on-Chips

Author

Aparici Herraiz, Iris, primary, Caires, Hugo R., additional, Castillo-Fernández, Óscar, additional, Sima, Núria, additional, Méndez-Mora, Lourdes, additional, Risueño, Ruth M., additional, Sattabongkot, Jetsumon, additional, Roobsoong, Wanlapa, additional, Hernández-Machado, Aurora, additional, Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, additional, Barrias, Cristina C., additional, and del Portillo, Hernando A., additional

Published
2022
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23. Advancing Key Gaps in the Knowledge of Plasmodium vivax Cryptic Infections Using Humanized Mouse Models and Organs-on-Chips

Author

Aparici Herraiz, Iris, Caires, Hugo R., Castillo-Fernández, Óscar, Sima, Núria, Méndez-Mora, Lourdes, Risueño, Ruth M., Sattabongkot, Jetsumon, Roobsoong, Wanlapa, Hernández-Machado, Aurora, Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, Barrias, Cristina C., Del Portillo, Hernando A, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Microbiology
Abstract

Plasmodium vivax is the most widely distributed human malaria parasite representing 36.3% of disease burden in the South-East Asia region and the most predominant species in the region of the Americas. Recent estimates indicate that 3.3 billion of people are under risk of infection with circa 7 million clinical cases reported each year. This burden is certainly underestimated as the vast majority of chronic infections are asymptomatic. For centuries, it has been widely accepted that the only source of cryptic parasites is the liver dormant stages known as hypnozoites. However, recent evidence indicates that niches outside the liver, in particular in the spleen and the bone marrow, can represent a major source of cryptic chronic erythrocytic infections. The origin of such chronic infections is highly controversial as many key knowledge gaps remain unanswered. Yet, as parasites in these niches seem to be sheltered from immune response and antimalarial drugs, research on this area should be reinforced if elimination of malaria is to be achieved. Due to ethical and technical considerations, working with the liver, bone marrow and spleen from natural infections is very difficult. Recent advances in the development of humanized mouse models and organs-on-a-chip models, offer novel technological frontiers to study human diseases, vaccine validation and drug discovery. Here, we review current data of these frontier technologies in malaria, highlighting major challenges ahead to study P. vivax cryptic niches, which perpetuate transmission and burden.

Published
2022

31. Hidden Biomass of Intact Malaria Parasites in the Human Spleen

Author

Kho, Steven, primary, Qotrunnada, Labibah, additional, Leonardo, Leo, additional, Andries, Benediktus, additional, Wardani, Putu A.I., additional, Fricot, Aurelie, additional, Henry, Benoit, additional, Hardy, David, additional, Margyaningsih, Nur I., additional, Apriyanti, Dwi, additional, Puspitasari, Agatha M., additional, Prayoga, Pak, additional, Trianty, Leily, additional, Kenangalem, Enny, additional, Chretien, Fabrice, additional, Safeukui, Innocent, additional, del Portillo, Hernando A., additional, Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, additional, Meibalan, Elamaran, additional, Marti, Matthias, additional, Price, Ric N., additional, Woodberry, Tonia, additional, Ndour, Papa A., additional, Russell, Bruce M., additional, Yeo, Tsin W., additional, Minigo, Gabriela, additional, Noviyanti, Rintis, additional, Poespoprodjo, Jeanne R., additional, Siregar, Nurjati C., additional, Buffet, Pierre A., additional, and Anstey, Nicholas M., additional

Published
2021
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32. Advancing Key Gaps in the Knowledge of Plasmodium vivax Cryptic Infections Using Humanized Mouse Models and Organs-on-Chips.

Author

Herraiz, Iris Aparici, Caires, Hugo R., Castillo-Fernández, Óscar, Sima, Núria, Méndez-Mora, Lourdes, Risueño, Ruth M., Sattabongkot, Jetsumon, Roobsoong, Wanlapa, Hernández-Machado, Aurora, Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, Barrias, Cristina C., and del Portillo, Hernando A.

Subjects
MALARIA, PLASMODIUM vivax, LABORATORY mice, DRUG discovery, BONE marrow, PLASMODIUM, INFECTION
Abstract

Plasmodium vivax is the most widely distributed human malaria parasite representing 36.3% of disease burden in the South-East Asia region and the most predominant species in the region of the Americas. Recent estimates indicate that 3.3 billion of people are under risk of infection with circa 7 million clinical cases reported each year. This burden is certainly underestimated as the vast majority of chronic infections are asymptomatic. For centuries, it has been widely accepted that the only source of cryptic parasites is the liver dormant stages known as hypnozoites. However, recent evidence indicates that niches outside the liver, in particular in the spleen and the bone marrow, can represent a major source of cryptic chronic erythrocytic infections. The origin of such chronic infections is highly controversial as many key knowledge gaps remain unanswered. Yet, as parasites in these niches seem to be sheltered from immune response and antimalarial drugs, research on this area should be reinforced if elimination of malaria is to be achieved. Due to ethical and technical considerations, working with the liver, bone marrow and spleen from natural infections is very difficult. Recent advances in the development of humanized mouse models and organs-on-a-chip models, offer novel technological frontiers to study human diseases, vaccine validation and drug discovery. Here, we review current data of these frontier technologies in malaria, highlighting major challenges ahead to study P. vivax cryptic niches, which perpetuate transmission and burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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33. Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Analysis of the Human Spleen Applied to Studies of Plasma-Derived EVs From Plasmodium vivax Patients

Author

Gualdrón-López, Melisa, primary, Díaz-Varela, Míriam, additional, Toda, Haruka, additional, Aparici-Herraiz, Iris, additional, Pedró-Cos, Laura, additional, Lauzurica, Ricardo, additional, Lacerda, Marcus V. G., additional, Fernández-Sanmartín, Marco Antonio, additional, Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, additional, and del Portillo, Hernando A., additional

Published
2021
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35. Extracellular Vesicles From Liver Progenitor Cells Downregulates Fibroblast Metabolic Activity and Increase the Expression of Immune-Response Related Molecules

Author

Royo, Felix, primary, Azkargorta, Mikel, additional, Lavin, Jose L., additional, Clos-Garcia, Marc, additional, Cortazar, Ana R., additional, Gonzalez-Lopez, Monika, additional, Barcena, Laura, additional, del Portillo, Hernando A., additional, Yáñez-Mó, María, additional, Marcilla, Antonio, additional, Borras, Francesc E., additional, Peinado, Hector, additional, Guerrero, Isabel, additional, Váles-Gómez, Mar, additional, Cereijo, Unai, additional, Sardon, Teresa, additional, Aransay, Ana M., additional, Elortza, Felix, additional, and Falcon-Perez, Juan M., additional

Published
2021
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39. Morphological and Transcriptional Changes in Human Bone Marrow During Natural Plasmodium vivax Malaria Infections.

Author

Brito, Marcelo A M, Baro, Bàrbara, Raiol, Tainá C, Ayllon-Hermida, Alberto, Safe, Izabella P, Deroost, Katrien, Figueiredo, Erick F G, Costa, Allyson G, Armengol, Maria del P, Sumoy, Lauro, Almeida, Anne C G, Hounkpe, Bidossessi W, Paula, Erich V De, Fernandez-Becerra, Cármen, Monteiro, Wuelton M, Portillo, Hernando A del, Lacerda, Marcus V G, De Paula, Erich V, and Del Portillo, Hernando A

Subjects
PROTOZOA, MALARIA, ERYTHROPOIESIS, ANEMIA, RESEARCH funding, BONE marrow
Abstract

Background: The presence of Plasmodium vivax malaria parasites in the human bone marrow (BM) is still controversial. However, recent data from a clinical case and experimental infections in splenectomized nonhuman primates unequivocally demonstrated the presence of parasites in this tissue.Methods: In the current study, we analyzed BM aspirates of 7 patients during the acute attack and 42 days after drug treatment. RNA extracted from CD71+ cell suspensions was used for sequencing and transcriptomic analysis.Results: We demonstrated the presence of parasites in all patients during acute infections. To provide further insights, we purified CD71+ BM cells and demonstrated dyserythropoiesis and inefficient erythropoiesis in all patients. In addition, RNA sequencing from 3 patients showed that genes related to erythroid maturation were down-regulated during acute infections, whereas immune response genes were up-regulated.Conclusions: This study thus shows that during P. vivax infections, parasites are always present in the BM and that such infections induced dyserythropoiesis and ineffective erythropoiesis. Moreover, infections induce transcriptional changes associated with such altered erythropoietic response, thus highlighting the importance of this hidden niche during natural infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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41. A superfamily of variant genes encoded in the subtelomeric region of Plasmodium vivax

Author

del Portillo, Hernando A., Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, Bowman, Sharen, Oliver, Karen, Preuss, Martin, Sanchez, Cecilia P., Schneider, Nick K., Villalobos, Juan M., Rajandream, Marie-Adele, Harris, David, da Silva, Luiz H. Pereira, Barrell, Bart, and Lanzer, Michael

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): Hernando A. del Portillo (corresponding author) [1]; Carmen Fernandez-Becerra [1]; Sharen Bowman [2]; Karen Oliver [2]; Martin Preuss [3]; Cecilia P. Sanchez [3]; Nick K. Schneider [3]; Juan M. [...]

Published
2001
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42. Morphological and Transcriptional Changes in Human Bone Marrow During Natural Plasmodium vivax Malaria Infections

Author

Brito, Marcelo A M, primary, Baro, Bàrbara, additional, Raiol, Tainá C, additional, Ayllon-Hermida, Alberto, additional, Safe, Izabella P, additional, Deroost, Katrien, additional, Figueiredo, Erick F G, additional, Costa, Allyson G, additional, Armengol, Maria del P, additional, Sumoy, Lauro, additional, Almeida, Anne C G, additional, Hounkpe, Bidossessi W, additional, De Paula, Erich V, additional, Fernandez-Becerra, Cármen, additional, Monteiro, Wuelton M, additional, del Portillo, Hernando A, additional, and Lacerda, Marcus V G, additional

Published
2020
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43. On the cytoadhesion of plasmodium vivax-infected erythrocytes

Author

Carvalho, Bruna O., Lopes, Stefanie C.P., Nogueira, Paulo A., Orlandi, Patricia P., Bargieri, Daniel Y., Blanco, Yara C., Mamoni, Ronei, Leite, Juliana A., Rodrigues, Mauricio M., Soares, Irene S., Oliveira, Tatiane R., Wunderlich, Gerhard, Lacerda, Marcus V.G., del Portillo, Hernando A., Araujo, Maria O.G., Russell, Bruce, Suwanarusk, Rossarin, Snounou, Georges, Renia, Laurent, and Costa, Fabio T.M.

Subjects
Erythrocytes -- Research, Erythrocytes -- Physiological aspects, Malaria -- Research, Malaria -- Prognosis, Plasmodium vivax -- Research, Plasmodium vivax -- Health aspects, Health
Published
2010

45. Comparative genomics of the neglected human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax

Author

Carlton, Jane M., Adams, John H., Silva, Joana C., Bidwell, Shelby L., Lorenzi, Hernan, Caler, Elisabet, Crabtree, Jonathan, Angiuoli, Samuel V., Merino, Emilio F., Amedeo, Paolo, Cheng, Qin, Coulson, Richard M. R., Crabb, Brendan S., del Portillo, Hernando A., Essien, Kobby, Feldblyum, Tamara V., Fernandez-Becerra, Carmen, Gilson, Paul R., Gueye, Amy H., Guo, Xiang, Kang'a, Simon, Kooij, Taco W. A., Korsinczky, Michael, Meyer, Esmeralda V.-S., Nene, Vish, Paulsen, Ian, White, Owen, Ralph, Stuart A., Ren, Qinghu, Sargeant, Tobias J., Salzberg, Steven L., Stoeckert, Christian J., Sullivan, Steven A., Yamamoto, Marcio M., Hoffman, Stephen L., Wortman, Jennifer R., Gardner, Malcolm J., Galinski, Mary R., Barnwell, John W., and Fraser-Liggett, Claire M.

Published
2008
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48. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines

Author

Théry, Clotilde, Witwer, Kenneth W., Aikawa, Elena, Alcaraz, Maria Jose, Anderson, Johnathon D., Andriantsitohaina, Ramaroson, Antoniou, Anna, Arab, Tanina, Archer, Fabienne, Atkiin-Smith, Georgia K., Ayre, D. Craig, Bach, Jean-Marie, Bachurski, Daniel, Baharvand, Hossein, Balaj, Leonora, Baldacchino, Shawn, Bauer, Natalie N., Baxter, Amy A., Bebawy, Mary, Beckham, Carla, Zavec, Apolonija Bedina, Benmoussa, Abderrahim, Berardi, Anna C., Bergese, Paolo, Bielska, Ewa, Blenkiron, Cherie, Bobis-Wozowicz, Sylwia, Boilard, Eric, Boireau, Wilfrid, Bongiovanni, Antonella, Borràs, Francesc E., Bosch, Steffi, Boulanger, Chantal M., Breakefield, Xandra, Breglio, Andrew M., Brennan, Meadhbh Á, Brigstock, David R., Brisson, Alain, Broekman, Marike L.D., Bromberg, Jacqueline F., Bryl-Górecka, Paulina, Buch, Shilpa, Buck, Amy H., Burger, Dylan, Busatto, Sara, Buschmann, Dominik, Bussolati, Benedetta, Buzás, Edit I., Byrd, James Bryan, Camussi, Giovanni, Carter, David R.F., Caruso, Sarah, Chamley, Lawrence W., Chang, Yu-Ting, Chen, Chichen, Chen, Shuai, Cheng, Lesley, Chin, Andrew R., Clayton, Aled, Clerici, Stefano P., Cocks, Alex, Cocucci, Emanuele, Coffey, Robert J., Cordeiro-da-Silva, Anabela, Couch, Yvonne, Coumans, Frank A.W., Coyle, Beth, Crescitelli, Rossella, Criado, Miria Ferreira, D’ Souza-Schorey, Crislyn, Das, Saumya, Chaudhuri, Amrita Datta, de Candia, Paola, De Santana Junior, Eliezer F., De Wever, Olivier, del Portillo, Hernando A., Demaret, Tanguy, Deville, Sarah, Devitt, Andrew, Dhondt, Bert, Di Vizio, Dolores, Dieterich, Lothar C., Dolo, Vincenza, Dominguez Rubio, Ana Paula, Dominici, Massimo, Dourado, Mauricio R., Driedonks, Tom A.P, Duarte, Filipe V., Duncan, Heather M., Eichenberger, Ramon M., Ekström, Karin, El Andaloussi, Samir, Elie-Caille, Celine, Erdbrügger, Uta, Falcón-Pérez, Juan M., Fatima, Farah, Fish, Jason E., Flores-Bellver, Miguel, Försönits, András, Frelet-Barrand, Annie, Fricke, Fabia, Fuhrmann, Gregor, Gabrielsson, Susanne, Gámez-Valero, Ana, Gardiner, Chris, Gärtner, Kathrin, Gaudin, Raphael, Gho, Yong Song, Giebel, Bernd, Gilbert, Caroline, Gimona, Mario, Giusti, Ilaria, Goberdhan, Deborah C.I., Görgens, André, Gorski, Sharon M., Greening, David W., Gross, Julia Christina, Gualerzi, Alice, Gupta, Gopal N., Gustafson, Dakota, Handberg, Aase, Haraszti, Reka A., Harrison, Paul, Hegyesi, Hargita, Hendrix, An, Hill, Andrew F., Hochberg, Fred H., Hoffmann, Karl F., Holder, Beth, Holthofer, Harry, Hosseinkhani, Baharak, Hu, Guoku, Huang, Yiyao, Huber, Veronica, Hunt, Stuart, Ibrahim, Ahmed Gamal-Eldin, Ikezu, Tsuneya, Inal, Jameel M., Isin, Mustafa, Ivanova, Alena, Jackson, Hannah K., Jacobsen, Soren, Jay, Steven M., Jayachandran, Muthuvel, Jenster, Guido, Jiang, Lanzhou, Johnson, Suzanne M., Jones, Jennifer C., Jong, Ambrose, Jovanovic-Talisman, Tijana, Jung, Stephanie, Kalluri, Raghu, Kano, Shin-ichi, Kaur, Sukhbir, Kawamura, Yumi, Keller, Evan T., Khamari, Delaram, Khomyakova, Elena, Khvorova, Anastasia, Kierulf, Peter, Kim, Kwang Pyo, Kislinger, Thomas, Klingeborn, Mikael, Klinke II, David J., Kornek, Miroslaw, Kosanović, Maja M., Kovács, Árpád Ferenc, Krämer-Albers, Eva-Maria, Krasemann, Susanne, Krause, Mirja, Kurochkin, Igor V., Kusuma, Gina D., Kuypers, Sören, Laitinen, Saara, Langevin, Scott M., Languino, Lucia R., Lannigan, Joanne, Lässer, Cecilia, Laurent, Louise C., Lavieu, Gregory, Lázaro-Ibáñez, Elisa, Lay, Soazig Le, Lee, Myung-Shin, Lee, Yi Xin Fiona, Lemos, Debora S., Lenassi, Metka, Leszczynska, Aleksandra, Li, Isaac T.S., Liao, Ke, Libregts, Sten F., Ligeti, Erzsebet, Lim, Rebecca, Lim, Sai Kiang, Linē, Aija, Linnemannstöns, Karen, Llorente, Alicia, Lombard, Catherine A., Lorenowicz, Magdalena J., Lörincz, Ákos M., Lötvall, Jan, Lovett, Jason, Lowry, Michelle C., Loyer, Xavier, Lu, Quan, Lukomska, Barbara, Lunavat, Taral R., Maas, Sybren L.N., Malhi, Harmeet, Marcilla, Antonio, Mariani, Jacopo, Mariscal, Javier, Martens-Uzunova, Elena S., Martin-Jaular, Lorena, Martinez, M. Carmen, Martins, Vilma Regina, Mathieu, Mathilde, Mathivanan, Suresh, Maugeri, Marco, McGinnis, Lynda K., McVey, Mark J., Meckes, Jr., David G., Meehan, Katie L., Mertens, Inge, Minciacchi, Valentina R., Möller, Andreas, Jørgensen, Malene Møller, Morales-Kastresana, Aizea, Morhayim, Jess, Mullier, François, Muraca, Maurizio, Musante, Luca, Mussack, Veronika, Muth, Dillon C., Myburgh, Kathryn H., Najrana, Tanbir, Nawaz, Muhammad, Nazarenko, Irina, Nejsum, Peter, Neri, Christian, Neri, Tommaso, Nieuwland, Rienk, Nimrichter, Leonardo, Nolan, John P., Nolte-’ t Hoen, Esther N.M., Hooten, Nicole Noren, O’Driscoll, Lorraine, O’Grady, Tina, O’Loghlen, Ana, Ochiya, Takahiro, Olivier, Martin, Ortiz, Alberto, Ortiz, Luis A., Osteikoetxea, Xabier, Ostegaard, Ole, Ostrowski, Matias, Park, Jaesung, Pegtel, D. Michiel, Peinado, Hector, Perut, Francesca, Pfaffl, Michael W., Phinney, Donald G., Pieters, Bartijn C.H., Pink, Ryan C., Pisetsky, David S., von Strandmann, Elke Pogge, Polakovicova, Iva, Poon, Ivan K.H., Powell, Bonita H., Prada, Ilaria, Pulliam, Lynn, Quesenberry, Peter, Radeghieri, Annalisa, Raffai, Robert L., Raimondo, Stefania, Rak, Janusz, Ramirez, Marcel I., Raposo, Graça, Rayyan, Morsi S., Regev-Rudzki, Neta, Ricklefs, Fran L., Robbins, Paul D., Roberts, David D., Rodrigues, Silvia C., Rohde, Eva, Rome, Sophie, Rouschop, Kasper M.A., Rughetti, Aurelia, Russell, Ashley E., Saá, Paula, Sahoo, Susmita, Salas-Huenuleo, Edison, Sánchez, Catherine, Saugstad, Julie A., Saul, Meike J., Schiffelers, Raymond M., Schneider, Raphael, Schøyen, Tine Hiorth, Scott, Aaron, Shahaj, Eriomina, Sharma, Shivani, Shatnyeva, Olga, Shekari, Faezeh, Shelke, Ganesh Vilas, Shetty, Ashok K., Shiba, Kiyotaka, Siljander, Pia R-M, Silva, Andreia M., Skowronek, Agata, Snyder II, Orman L., Soares, Rodrigo Pedro, Sódar, Barbara W., Soekmadji, Carolina, Sotillo, Javier, Stahl, Philip D., Stoorvogel, Willem, Stott, Shannon L., Strasser, Erwin F., Swift, Simon, Tahara, Hidetoshi, Tewari, Muneesh, Timms, Kate, Tiwari, Swasti, Tixeira, Rochelle, Tkach, Mercedes, Toh, Wei Seong, Tomasini, Richard, Torrecilhas, Ana Claudia, Tosar, Juan Pablo, Toxavidis, Vasilis, Urbanelli, Lorena, Vader, Pieter, van Balkom, Bas W.M., van der Grein, Susanne G., Van Deun, Jan, van Herwijnen, Martijn J.C., van Keuren-Jensen, Kendall, van Niel, Guillaume, van Royen, Martin E., van Wijnen, Andre J., Vasconcelos, M. Helena, Vechetti Jr., Ivan J., Veit, Tiago D., Vella, Laura J., Velot, Émilie, Verweij, Frederik J., Vestad, Beate, Viñas, Jose L., Visnovitz, Tamás, Vukman, Krisztina V., Wahlgren, Jessica, Watson, Dionysios C., Wauben, Marca H.M., Weaver, Alissa, Webber, Jason P., Weber, Viktoria, Wehman, Ann M., Weiss, Daniel J., Welsh, Joshua A., Wendt, Sebastian, Wheelock, Asa M., Wiener, Zoltán, Witte, Leonie, Wolfram, Joy, Xagorari, Angeliki, Xander, Patricia, Xu, Jing, Yan, Xiaomei, Yáñez-Mó, María, Yin, Hang, Yuana, Yuana, Zappulli, Valentina, Zarubova, Jana, Žėkas, Vytautas, Zhang, Jian-ye, Zhao, Zezhou, Zheng, Lei, Zheutlin, Alexander R., Zickler, Antje M., Zimmermann, Pascale, Zivkovic, Angela M., Zocco, Davide, Zuba-Surma, Ewa K., Théry, Clotilde, Witwer, Kenneth W., Aikawa, Elena, Alcaraz, Maria Jose, Anderson, Johnathon D., Andriantsitohaina, Ramaroson, Antoniou, Anna, Arab, Tanina, Archer, Fabienne, Atkiin-Smith, Georgia K., Ayre, D. Craig, Bach, Jean-Marie, Bachurski, Daniel, Baharvand, Hossein, Balaj, Leonora, Baldacchino, Shawn, Bauer, Natalie N., Baxter, Amy A., Bebawy, Mary, Beckham, Carla, Zavec, Apolonija Bedina, Benmoussa, Abderrahim, Berardi, Anna C., Bergese, Paolo, Bielska, Ewa, Blenkiron, Cherie, Bobis-Wozowicz, Sylwia, Boilard, Eric, Boireau, Wilfrid, Bongiovanni, Antonella, Borràs, Francesc E., Bosch, Steffi, Boulanger, Chantal M., Breakefield, Xandra, Breglio, Andrew M., Brennan, Meadhbh Á, Brigstock, David R., Brisson, Alain, Broekman, Marike L.D., Bromberg, Jacqueline F., Bryl-Górecka, Paulina, Buch, Shilpa, Buck, Amy H., Burger, Dylan, Busatto, Sara, Buschmann, Dominik, Bussolati, Benedetta, Buzás, Edit I., Byrd, James Bryan, Camussi, Giovanni, Carter, David R.F., Caruso, Sarah, Chamley, Lawrence W., Chang, Yu-Ting, Chen, Chichen, Chen, Shuai, Cheng, Lesley, Chin, Andrew R., Clayton, Aled, Clerici, Stefano P., Cocks, Alex, Cocucci, Emanuele, Coffey, Robert J., Cordeiro-da-Silva, Anabela, Couch, Yvonne, Coumans, Frank A.W., Coyle, Beth, Crescitelli, Rossella, Criado, Miria Ferreira, D’ Souza-Schorey, Crislyn, Das, Saumya, Chaudhuri, Amrita Datta, de Candia, Paola, De Santana Junior, Eliezer F., De Wever, Olivier, del Portillo, Hernando A., Demaret, Tanguy, Deville, Sarah, Devitt, Andrew, Dhondt, Bert, Di Vizio, Dolores, Dieterich, Lothar C., Dolo, Vincenza, Dominguez Rubio, Ana Paula, Dominici, Massimo, Dourado, Mauricio R., Driedonks, Tom A.P, Duarte, Filipe V., Duncan, Heather M., Eichenberger, Ramon M., Ekström, Karin, El Andaloussi, Samir, Elie-Caille, Celine, Erdbrügger, Uta, Falcón-Pérez, Juan M., Fatima, Farah, Fish, Jason E., Flores-Bellver, Miguel, Försönits, András, Frelet-Barrand, Annie, Fricke, Fabia, Fuhrmann, Gregor, Gabrielsson, Susanne, Gámez-Valero, Ana, Gardiner, Chris, Gärtner, Kathrin, Gaudin, Raphael, Gho, Yong Song, Giebel, Bernd, Gilbert, Caroline, Gimona, Mario, Giusti, Ilaria, Goberdhan, Deborah C.I., Görgens, André, Gorski, Sharon M., Greening, David W., Gross, Julia Christina, Gualerzi, Alice, Gupta, Gopal N., Gustafson, Dakota, Handberg, Aase, Haraszti, Reka A., Harrison, Paul, Hegyesi, Hargita, Hendrix, An, Hill, Andrew F., Hochberg, Fred H., Hoffmann, Karl F., Holder, Beth, Holthofer, Harry, Hosseinkhani, Baharak, Hu, Guoku, Huang, Yiyao, Huber, Veronica, Hunt, Stuart, Ibrahim, Ahmed Gamal-Eldin, Ikezu, Tsuneya, Inal, Jameel M., Isin, Mustafa, Ivanova, Alena, Jackson, Hannah K., Jacobsen, Soren, Jay, Steven M., Jayachandran, Muthuvel, Jenster, Guido, Jiang, Lanzhou, Johnson, Suzanne M., Jones, Jennifer C., Jong, Ambrose, Jovanovic-Talisman, Tijana, Jung, Stephanie, Kalluri, Raghu, Kano, Shin-ichi, Kaur, Sukhbir, Kawamura, Yumi, Keller, Evan T., Khamari, Delaram, Khomyakova, Elena, Khvorova, Anastasia, Kierulf, Peter, Kim, Kwang Pyo, Kislinger, Thomas, Klingeborn, Mikael, Klinke II, David J., Kornek, Miroslaw, Kosanović, Maja M., Kovács, Árpád Ferenc, Krämer-Albers, Eva-Maria, Krasemann, Susanne, Krause, Mirja, Kurochkin, Igor V., Kusuma, Gina D., Kuypers, Sören, Laitinen, Saara, Langevin, Scott M., Languino, Lucia R., Lannigan, Joanne, Lässer, Cecilia, Laurent, Louise C., Lavieu, Gregory, Lázaro-Ibáñez, Elisa, Lay, Soazig Le, Lee, Myung-Shin, Lee, Yi Xin Fiona, Lemos, Debora S., Lenassi, Metka, Leszczynska, Aleksandra, Li, Isaac T.S., Liao, Ke, Libregts, Sten F., Ligeti, Erzsebet, Lim, Rebecca, Lim, Sai Kiang, Linē, Aija, Linnemannstöns, Karen, Llorente, Alicia, Lombard, Catherine A., Lorenowicz, Magdalena J., Lörincz, Ákos M., Lötvall, Jan, Lovett, Jason, Lowry, Michelle C., Loyer, Xavier, Lu, Quan, Lukomska, Barbara, Lunavat, Taral R., Maas, Sybren L.N., Malhi, Harmeet, Marcilla, Antonio, Mariani, Jacopo, Mariscal, Javier, Martens-Uzunova, Elena S., Martin-Jaular, Lorena, Martinez, M. Carmen, Martins, Vilma Regina, Mathieu, Mathilde, Mathivanan, Suresh, Maugeri, Marco, McGinnis, Lynda K., McVey, Mark J., Meckes, Jr., David G., Meehan, Katie L., Mertens, Inge, Minciacchi, Valentina R., Möller, Andreas, Jørgensen, Malene Møller, Morales-Kastresana, Aizea, Morhayim, Jess, Mullier, François, Muraca, Maurizio, Musante, Luca, Mussack, Veronika, Muth, Dillon C., Myburgh, Kathryn H., Najrana, Tanbir, Nawaz, Muhammad, Nazarenko, Irina, Nejsum, Peter, Neri, Christian, Neri, Tommaso, Nieuwland, Rienk, Nimrichter, Leonardo, Nolan, John P., Nolte-’ t Hoen, Esther N.M., Hooten, Nicole Noren, O’Driscoll, Lorraine, O’Grady, Tina, O’Loghlen, Ana, Ochiya, Takahiro, Olivier, Martin, Ortiz, Alberto, Ortiz, Luis A., Osteikoetxea, Xabier, Ostegaard, Ole, Ostrowski, Matias, Park, Jaesung, Pegtel, D. Michiel, Peinado, Hector, Perut, Francesca, Pfaffl, Michael W., Phinney, Donald G., Pieters, Bartijn C.H., Pink, Ryan C., Pisetsky, David S., von Strandmann, Elke Pogge, Polakovicova, Iva, Poon, Ivan K.H., Powell, Bonita H., Prada, Ilaria, Pulliam, Lynn, Quesenberry, Peter, Radeghieri, Annalisa, Raffai, Robert L., Raimondo, Stefania, Rak, Janusz, Ramirez, Marcel I., Raposo, Graça, Rayyan, Morsi S., Regev-Rudzki, Neta, Ricklefs, Fran L., Robbins, Paul D., Roberts, David D., Rodrigues, Silvia C., Rohde, Eva, Rome, Sophie, Rouschop, Kasper M.A., Rughetti, Aurelia, Russell, Ashley E., Saá, Paula, Sahoo, Susmita, Salas-Huenuleo, Edison, Sánchez, Catherine, Saugstad, Julie A., Saul, Meike J., Schiffelers, Raymond M., Schneider, Raphael, Schøyen, Tine Hiorth, Scott, Aaron, Shahaj, Eriomina, Sharma, Shivani, Shatnyeva, Olga, Shekari, Faezeh, Shelke, Ganesh Vilas, Shetty, Ashok K., Shiba, Kiyotaka, Siljander, Pia R-M, Silva, Andreia M., Skowronek, Agata, Snyder II, Orman L., Soares, Rodrigo Pedro, Sódar, Barbara W., Soekmadji, Carolina, Sotillo, Javier, Stahl, Philip D., Stoorvogel, Willem, Stott, Shannon L., Strasser, Erwin F., Swift, Simon, Tahara, Hidetoshi, Tewari, Muneesh, Timms, Kate, Tiwari, Swasti, Tixeira, Rochelle, Tkach, Mercedes, Toh, Wei Seong, Tomasini, Richard, Torrecilhas, Ana Claudia, Tosar, Juan Pablo, Toxavidis, Vasilis, Urbanelli, Lorena, Vader, Pieter, van Balkom, Bas W.M., van der Grein, Susanne G., Van Deun, Jan, van Herwijnen, Martijn J.C., van Keuren-Jensen, Kendall, van Niel, Guillaume, van Royen, Martin E., van Wijnen, Andre J., Vasconcelos, M. Helena, Vechetti Jr., Ivan J., Veit, Tiago D., Vella, Laura J., Velot, Émilie, Verweij, Frederik J., Vestad, Beate, Viñas, Jose L., Visnovitz, Tamás, Vukman, Krisztina V., Wahlgren, Jessica, Watson, Dionysios C., Wauben, Marca H.M., Weaver, Alissa, Webber, Jason P., Weber, Viktoria, Wehman, Ann M., Weiss, Daniel J., Welsh, Joshua A., Wendt, Sebastian, Wheelock, Asa M., Wiener, Zoltán, Witte, Leonie, Wolfram, Joy, Xagorari, Angeliki, Xander, Patricia, Xu, Jing, Yan, Xiaomei, Yáñez-Mó, María, Yin, Hang, Yuana, Yuana, Zappulli, Valentina, Zarubova, Jana, Žėkas, Vytautas, Zhang, Jian-ye, Zhao, Zezhou, Zheng, Lei, Zheutlin, Alexander R., Zickler, Antje M., Zimmermann, Pascale, Zivkovic, Angela M., Zocco, Davide, and Zuba-Surma, Ewa K.

Abstract

The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, and to characterize properly. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (“MISEV”) guidelines for the field in 2014. We now update these “MISEV2014” guidelines based on evolution of the collective knowledge in the last four years. An important point to consider is that ascribing a specific function to EVs in general, or to subtypes of EVs, requires reporting of specific information beyond mere description of function in a crude, potentially contaminated, and heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims that exosomes are endowed with exquisite and specific activities remain difficult to support experimentally, given our still limited knowledge of their specific molecular machineries of biogenesis and release, as compared with other biophysically similar EVs. The MISEV2018 guidelines include tables and outlines of suggested protocols and steps to follow to document specific EV-associated functional activities. Finally, a checklist is provided with summaries of key points. © 2018, © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles.

Published
2019

50. A new computational approach redefines the subtelomeric vir superfamily of Plasmodium vivax

Author

Lopez Francisco Javier, Bernabeu Maria, Fernandez-Becerra Carmen, and del Portillo Hernando A

Subjects
Malaria, Plasmodium vivax, vir genes, VIR proteins, Subtelomeric multigene families, Sequence clustering, Similarity networks, Homology blocks, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background Subtelomeric multigene families of malaria parasites encode virulent determinants. The published genome sequence of Plasmodium vivax revealed the largest subtelomeric multigene family of human malaria parasites, the vir super-family, presently composed of 346 vir genes subdivided into 12 different subfamilies based on sequence homologies detected by BLAST. Results A novel computational approach was used to redefine vir genes. First, a protein-weighted graph was built based on BLAST alignments. This graph was processed to ensure that edge weights are not exclusively based on the BLAST score between the two corresponding proteins, but strongly dependant on their graph neighbours and their associations. Then the Markov Clustering Algorithm was applied to the protein graph. Next, the Homology Block concept was used to further validate this clustering approach. Finally, proteome-wide analysis was carried out to predict new VIR members. Results showed that (i) three previous subfamilies cannot longer be classified as vir genes; (ii) most previously unclustered vir genes were clustered into vir subfamilies; (iii) 39 hypothetical proteins were predicted as VIR proteins; (iv) many of these findings are supported by a number of structural and functional evidences, sub-cellular localization studies, gene expression analysis and chromosome localization (v) this approach can be used to study other multigene families in malaria. Conclusions This methodology, resource and new classification of vir genes will contribute to a new structural framing of this multigene family and other multigene families of malaria parasites, facilitating the design of experiments to understand their role in pathology, which in turn may help furthering vaccine development.

Published
2013
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