37 results on '"Dejan Reljic"'
Search Results
2. Protein Supplementation Increases Adaptations to Low-Volume, Intra-Session Concurrent Training in Untrained Healthy Adults: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Nilas Zieseniss, Hans Joachim Herrmann, Markus Friedrich Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
low-volume exercise ,HIIT ,resistance training ,interference effect ,whey protein ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Combined endurance and resistance training, also known as “concurrent training”, is a common practice in exercise routines. While concurrent training offers the benefit of targeting both cardiovascular and muscular fitness, it imposes greater physiological demands on the body compared to performing each modality in isolation. Increased protein consumption has been suggested to support adaptations to concurrent training. However, the impact of protein supplementation on responses to low-volume concurrent training is still unclear. Forty-four untrained, healthy individuals (27 ± 6 years) performed two sessions/week of low-volume high-intensity interval training on cycle ergometers followed by five machine-based resistance training exercises for 8 weeks. Volunteers randomly received (double-blinded) 40 g of whey-based protein (PRO group) or an isocaloric placebo (maltodextrin, PLA group) after each session. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and overall fitness scores (computed from volunteers’ VO2max and one-repetition maximum scores, 1-RM) significantly increased in both groups. The PRO group showed significantly improved 1-RM in all major muscle groups, while the PLA group only improved 1-RM in chest and upper back muscles. Improvements in 1-RM in leg muscles were significantly greater in the PRO group versus the PLA group. In conclusion, our results indicate that adaptations to low-volume concurrent training, particularly leg muscle strength, can be improved with targeted post-exercise protein supplementation in untrained healthy individuals.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Influence of Amino Acids and Exercise on Muscle Protein Turnover, Particularly in Cancer Cachexia
- Author
-
Rashmita Pradhan, Walburga Dieterich, Anirudh Natarajan, Raphaela Schwappacher, Dejan Reljic, Hans J. Herrmann, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
cancer cachexia ,inflammation ,oxidative stress ,amino acids ,exercise ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a multifaceted syndrome that impacts individuals with advanced cancer. It causes numerous pathological changes in cancer patients, such as inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, which further diminish their quality of life. Unfortunately, cancer cachexia also increases the risk of mortality in affected individuals, making it an important area of focus for cancer research and treatment. Several potential nutritional therapies are being tested in preclinical and clinical models for their efficacy in improving muscle metabolism in cancer patients. Despite promising results, no special nutritional therapies have yet been validated in clinical practice. Multiple studies provide evidence of the benefits of increasing muscle protein synthesis through an increased intake of amino acids or protein. There is also increasing evidence that exercise can reduce muscle atrophy by modulating protein synthesis. Therefore, the combination of protein intake and exercise may be more effective in improving cancer cachexia. This review provides an overview of the preclinical and clinical approaches for the use of amino acids with and without exercise therapy to improve muscle metabolism in cachexia.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Mitigation of Voltage and Frequency Excursions in Low-Inertia Microgrids
- Author
-
Ivan Todorovic, Ivana Isakov, Dejan Reljic, Dejan G. Jerkan, and Drazen Dujic
- Subjects
Voltage support ,virtual inertia ,distributed generation sources ,disturbance mitigation ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Power systems proliferated by distributed generation sources are becoming increasingly prone to frequency and voltage disturbances. These problems are exacerbated in microgrids since they have fewer intrinsic disturbance-rejecting measures and features. To increase the reliability and stability of emerging power systems, the advanced control structures of the distributed generation sources based on power electronics devices must be deployed during suboptimal operating conditions. The aggravating circumstance is that both voltage and frequency excursion can be transient and long-lasting and consequently can occur simultaneously. The algorithm proposed in this paper integrates voltage support (nominal voltage restoration) and inertia emulation features with the comprehensive current references management scheme, thus securing improved grid operating conditions during several different faults and occurrences. The control algorithm is developed and tested in the context of a small microgrid, but it can be applied with minimal alterations in traditional grids, also. To prove that it is possible to decrease simultaneously voltage unbalances and frequency deviations, a test microgrid consisting of a synchronous generator, photovoltaic system, battery storage system, and controllable balanced and unbalanced loads was developed in a hardware-in-the-loop environment.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Differential Effects of Very-Low-Volume Exercise Modalities on Telomere Length, Inflammation, and Cardiometabolic Health in Obese Metabolic Syndrome Patients: A Subanalysis from Two Randomized Controlled Trials
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Adriana Koller, Hans J. Herrmann, Arif B. Ekici, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
telomeres ,cellular age ,high-intensity interval training ,resistance training ,electromyostimulation ,metabolic diseases ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are features of metabolic syndrome (MetS) that can contribute to the shortening of telomere length (TL), a marker of cellular ageing. Research indicates that exercise can positively influence MetS-associated conditions and TL. However, the effects of low-volume exercise types on TL are still unknown. We investigated the impact of very-low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT), one-set resistance training (1-RT), and whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) on TL, inflammation, and cardiometabolic indices in 167 MetS patients. Data were derived from two randomized controlled trials where patients were allocated to an exercise group (2 sessions/week, for 12 weeks) or a control group. All groups received standard-care nutritional weight loss counselling. TL was determined as the T/S ratio (telomere to single-copy gene amount). All groups significantly reduced body weight (p < 0.05), but the T/S-ratio (p < 0.001) only increased with LV-HIIT. OS-related inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein) only decreased (p < 0.05) following LV-HIIT. The MetS severity z-score improved with LV-HIIT (p < 0.001) and 1-RT (p = 0.014) but not with WB-EMS. In conclusion, very-low-volume exercise modalities have differential effects on telomeres, inflammation, and cardiometabolic health. Only LV-HIIT but not strength-based low-volume exercise increased TL in MetS patients, presumably due to superior effects on OS-related inflammatory markers.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Detection of Broken Rotor Bars in a Cage Induction Machine Using DC Injection Braking
- Author
-
Dejan G. Jerkan, Dejan Reljic, Ivan Todorovic, Ivana Isakov, Vlado Porobic, and Drazen Dujic
- Subjects
Squirrel-cage induction machine ,DC~injection braking ,broken rotor bar ,fault detection ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
In this paper, an effective procedure for broken rotor bar (BRB) fault detection in a three-phase squirrel-cage induction machine (SCIM) is proposed. This approach relies on a motor current signature analysis (MCSA) by observing the specific fault-related current component generated by applying the DC injection braking method. Unlike the traditional MCSA, which is commonly focused on the detection of BRB sidebands around the fundamental current component, the proposed methodology introduces a new BRB feature in the current spectrum which makes it much easier for identification. The distinctive time-frequency evolution pattern of this feature provides the reliable identification of BRBs, even under no-load operating conditions, thus overcoming the major drawback of traditional MCSA-based methods. Fault severity classification is easily performed through the magnitude inspection of the BRB fault-related current component. In addition, the proposed approach does not require high-complexity signal processing algorithms to achieve reliable results. The proposed concept is presented theoretically, assisted by a magnetically coupled multiple circuit model of the SCIM, both with healthy and faulty rotor bars. Finally, the experimental tests validate the proposed methodology and demonstrate its effectiveness and usefulness.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Steady-State Multiple Parameters Estimation of the Inductive Power Transfer System
- Author
-
Zivadin Despotovic, Dejan Reljic, Veran Vasic, and Djura Oros
- Subjects
Inductive power transmission ,parameters estimation ,mutual coupling ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a novel steady-state multiple parameters estimation method of the two-coil inductive power transfer (IPT) system based on the measurement of the primary-side voltage and current fundamentals. The method is used to estimate key parameters, such as mutual inductance and equivalent load resistance, as well as receiver self-inductance and compensation capacitance values, and the total parasitic resistance of the secondary side. The method also allows the identification of the secondary-side resonant frequency. The parameters estimation procedure involves three operating modes of the IPT system: 1) open-circuit of the secondary side, 2) short-circuit of the secondary side, and 3) load connection. Each of these modes allows the identification of different parameters. To make the system operate in predefined modes, two switches are added to the receiver circuit. These switches are controlled from the secondary side, while the parameters estimation process, including load voltage and/or current control, is fully conducted on the primary side. The experimental tests on the prototype have validated the proposed method and demonstrated its effectiveness. The method can be applied to a new generation of high-performance wireless battery charging systems, where the single transmitter unit can be used to charge the battery pack in different devices.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Are Guideline Recommendations on Supportive Nutrition and Exercise Therapy for Cancer Patients Implemented in Clinical Routine? A National Survey with Real-Life Data
- Author
-
Luisa M. Hardt, Hans J. Herrmann, Dejan Reljic, Peter Jaensch, Jürgen Zerth, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
healthcare research ,cancer patients ,tumor cachexia ,nutrition therapy ,exercise therapy ,supportive cancer therapy ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Malnutrition and cancer cachexia are highly prevalent comorbidities of cancer, limiting patients’ quality of life and being relevant to prognosis. International and national clinical guidelines recommend supportive nutrition and exercise therapy for cancer patients. However, there is little current epidemiological evidence on the implementation of these guideline recommendations in clinical routine. To close this data gap, a national survey in Germany using an online questionnaire was conducted. There were 261 of a total of 5074 contacted hospitals and medical offices who participated in the survey (5.1% response rate). The data indicated that nutrition and exercise therapy for cancer patients is so far inadequately implemented, with 59% of the respondents reporting nutrition therapy as an integral part of oncological treatment, 66.7% having a nutrition specialist/team, and 65.1% routinely conducting a screening for nutritional status. Only half of the participants stated that there are defined goals in nutrition therapy. The majority of respondents (85.8%) generally recommend exercise therapy, but only a few of them provide specific offers at their own institution (19.6%) or at cooperation partners (31.7%). In order to implement the recommended combined nutrition and exercise therapy as part of regular care, there is a need for nationwide availability of multidisciplinary nutrition teams and targeted offers of individualized exercise therapy. Health policy support would be important to create the structural, financial, and staff conditions for appropriate guideline implementation in order to achieve the optimal treatment of cancer patients.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Effects of very low volume high intensity versus moderate intensity interval training in obese metabolic syndrome patients: a randomized controlled study
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Fabienne Frenk, Hans J. Herrmann, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Physical activity is a cornerstone in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Given the leading physical activity barrier of time commitment and safety concerns about vigorous exercise in high-risk groups, this study aimed to investigate the effects of two extremely time-efficient training protocols (
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Maximum Heart Rate- and Lactate Threshold-Based Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training Prescriptions Provide Similar Health Benefits in Metabolic Syndrome Patients
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Fabienne Frenk, Hans Joachim Herrmann, Markus Friedrich Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
obesity ,cardiometabolic health ,quality of life ,interval training ,exercise prescription ,cardiorespiratory fitness ,Medicine - Abstract
Exercise is an integral part of metabolic syndrome (MetS) treatment. Recently, low-volume high-intensity interval training (LOW-HIIT) has emerged as a time-efficient approach to improving cardiometabolic health. Intensity prescriptions for LOW-HIIT are typically based on maximum heart rate (HRmax) percentages. However, HRmax determination requires maximal effort during exercise testing, which may not always be feasible/safe for MetS patients. This trial compared the effects of a 12-week LOW-HIIT program based on: (a) HRmax (HIIT-HR), or (b) submaximal lactate threshold (HIIT-LT), on cardiometabolic health and quality of life (QoL) in MetS patients. Seventy-five patients were randomized to HIIT-HR (5 × 1 min at 80–95% HRmax), HIIT-LT (5 × 1 min at 95–105% LT) groups, both performed twice weekly on cycle ergometers, or a control group (CON). All patients received nutritional weight loss consultation. All groups reduced their body weight (HIIT-HR: −3.9 kg, p < 0.001; HTT-LT: −5.6 kg, p < 0.001; CON: −2.6 kg, p = 0.003). The HIIT-HR and HIIT-LT groups similarly, improved their maximal oxygen uptake (+3.6 and +3.7 mL/kg/min, p < 0.001), glycohemoglobin (−0.2%, p = 0.005, and −0.3%, p < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment index (−1.3 units, p = 0.005, and −1.0 units, p = 0.014), MetS z-score (−1.9 and −2.5 units, p < 0.001) and QoL (+10 points, p = 0.029, and +11 points, p = 0.002), while the CON did not experience changes in these variables. We conclude that HIIT-LT is a viable alternative to HIIT-HR for patients who are not able/willing to undergo maximal exercise testing.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Low-volume high-intensity interval training improves cardiometabolic health, work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals: a randomized-controlled trial sub-study
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Fabienne Frenk, Hans J. Herrmann, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
Obesity ,Metabolic syndrome ,High-intensity interval training ,Aerobic exercise ,Cardiorespiratory fitness ,Weight loss ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Obesity is associated with impaired health and lower work ability. Increased physical activity is a cornerstone in the treatment of obesity and related risk factors. Recently, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a popular exercise option. However, data regarding the effects on cardiometabolic health, perceived work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals are lacking. Methods Sixty-five obese individuals with sedentary occupation (48.7 ± 9.9 years, BMI: 39.6 ± 7.1 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to an extremely time-efficient HIIT (5 × 1 min at 80–95% maximal heart rate on cycle ergometers, 2×/week for 12 weeks) or an inactive control group (CON). Both groups received nutritional counseling to support weight loss. Primary outcome was maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), secondary outcomes were cardiometabolic risk indices, body composition, work ability index (WAI), quality of life (QoL, EQ-5D-5L-questionnaire) and perceived stress (PSQ-questionnaire). Results Mean body weight reduction was 5.3 kg [95% confidence interval (95% CI) − 7.3 to − 3.3 kg] in the HIIT group (P
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Protein Supplementation Does Not Maximize Adaptations to Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training in Sedentary, Healthy Adults: A Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Randomized Study
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Nilas Zieseniss, Hans J. Herrmann, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
HIIT ,cardiometabolic health ,whey protein ,cardiorespiratory fitness ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
There is ample evidence that specific nutritional strategies can enhance adaptions to resistance and endurance training. However, it is still unclear whether post-session protein supplementation may increase the effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training (LOW-HIIT). We examined the impact of LOW-HIIT combined with protein vs. placebo supplementation on cardiometabolic health indices in sedentary healthy individuals. Forty-seven participants (31.1 ± 8.0 yrs) performed cycle ergometer LOW-HIIT (5–10x1 min at 80–95% maximum heart rate) for eight weeks and randomly received double-blinded 40 g of whey protein (PRO-HIIT, N = 24) or an isocaloric placebo (maltodextrin, PLA-HIIT, N = 23) after each session. The maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max, primary outcome) and several secondary cardiometabolic outcomes were determined pre-/post-intervention. VO2max increased in PRO-HIIT (+2.8 mL/kg/min, p = 0.003) and PLA-HIIT (+3.5 mL/kg/min, p < 0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased in PRO-HIIT (−7/3 mmHg, p < 0.05) and PLA-HIIT (−8/5 mmHg, p < 0.001). Gamma glutamyl transferase (−2 U/L, p = 0.003) decreased in PRO-HIIT and alanine aminotransferase (−3 U/L, p = 0.014) in PLA-HIIT. There were no significant between-group differences in any of the outcome changes. In conclusion, LOW-HIIT improved VO2max and other cardiometabolic markers irrespective of the supplementation condition. Post-session protein supplementation does not seem to provide any additional benefit to LOW-HIIT in improving cardiometabolic health in sedentary healthy individuals.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. 'HIIT the Inflammation': Comparative Effects of Low-Volume Interval Training and Resistance Exercises on Inflammatory Indices in Obese Metabolic Syndrome Patients Undergoing Caloric Restriction
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Walburga Dieterich, Hans J. Herrmann, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
obesity ,cardiometabolic health ,CRP ,high-intensity interval training ,single-set resistance training ,whole-body electromyostimulation ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Exercise is a cornerstone in metabolic syndrome (MetS) treatment. However, the effects of low-volume exercise modalities on MetS-associated low-grade inflammation are unclear. A total of 106 MetS patients (53.7 ± 11.4 years) were randomized to low-volume high-intensity interval training (LOW-HIIT, 14 min/session), single-set resistance training (1-RT, ~15 min/session), whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS, 20 min/session), three-set resistance training (3-RT, ~50 min/session), each performed 2 ×/week for 12 weeks, or a control group (CON). All groups received nutritional counseling for weight loss. Inflammatory and cardiometabolic indices were analyzed pre- and post-intervention. All groups significantly reduced body weight by an average of 3.6%. Only LOW-HIIT reduced C-reactive protein (CRP) (−1.6 mg/L, p = 0.001) and interleukin-6 (−1.1 pg/mL, p = 0.020). High-sensitivity CRP and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein decreased following LOW-HIIT (−1.4 mg/L, p = 0.001 and −2.1 ng/mL, p = 0.004) and 3-RT (−0.6 mg/L, p = 0.044 and −2.0 ng/mL, p < 0.001). MetS severity score improved with LOW-HIIT (−1.8 units, p < 0.001), 1-RT (−1.6 units, p = 0.005), and 3-RT (−2.3 units, p < 0.001). Despite similar effects on body weight, low-volume exercise modalities have different impact on inflammatory and cardiometabolic outcomes in MetS patients. LOW-HIIT has superior efficacy for improving inflammation compared to 1-RT and WB-EMS. Resistance-based exercise appears to require a higher volume to promote beneficial impact on inflammation.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Muscle-Derived Cytokines Reduce Growth, Viability and Migratory Activity of Pancreatic Cancer Cells
- Author
-
Raphaela Schwappacher, Walburga Dieterich, Dejan Reljic, Christian Pilarsky, Debabrata Mukhopadhyay, David K. Chang, Andrew V. Biankin, Jürgen Siebler, Hans J. Herrmann, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
physical activity ,exercise ,whole-body electromyostimulation ,myokine ,pancreatic cancer ,proliferation ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
The evidence that regular physical exercise reduces the risk of developing cancer is well described. However, the interaction between physical exercise and cancer is not fully clarified yet. Several myokines released by skeletal muscle appear to have a direct anti-tumour function. There are few data on myokine secretion after exercise in patients with advanced tumours. Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a very aggressive and usually fatal cancer. To investigate the effects of exercise in PC, the blood of advanced-stage PC patients was analysed after 12 weeks of resistance training using whole-body electromyostimulation. After the 12-week training period, the patient serum inhibited the proliferation and the motility of PC cells and enhanced PC cell apoptosis. The impact of exercise training was also investigated in an exercise-mimicking in vitro model using electric pulse stimulation of human myotubes and revealed similar anti-tumour effects on PC cells, clearly indicating direct cancer-protective properties of activated skeletal muscle. Protein and gene expression analyses in plasma from exercise-trained patients and in myotube cultures after in vitro exercise showed that interleukin 10 (IL10), C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4) are myokines released from activated skeletal muscle. In accordance with the effects of serum from exercise-trained patients, the supplementation with recombinant IL10, CXCL1 and CCL4 impaired growth and migration of PC cells. Treatment of PC cells with these myokines upregulated caspase 3/7 expression and the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, leading to enhanced PC cell death. The identification of myokines with anti-tumour properties in advanced-stage PC patients after exercise opens a new perspective in supportive therapy with sports and exercise for cancer patients.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Iron Beats Electricity: Resistance Training but Not Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Improves Cardiometabolic Health in Obese Metabolic Syndrome Patients during Caloric Restriction—A Randomized-Controlled Study
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Hans J. Herrmann, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
exercise ,obesity ,fasting ,muscle mass ,strength training ,cardiovascular disease ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) and exercise are cornerstones in the treatment of obesity and cardiometabolic disorders. Recently, whole body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) has emerged as a more time-efficient alternative to traditional resistance training (RT). However, the effects of WB-EMS compared to RT on cardiometabolic health in obese metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients performed during CR are still unclear. In total, 118 obese MetS patients (52.7 ± 11.8 years, BMI: 38.1 ± 6.9 kg/m2) undergoing CR over 12 weeks (aim: −500 kcal deficit/day) were randomly allocated to either WB-EMS, single-set RT (1-RT), 3-set RT (3-RT) or an inactive control group (CON). Primary outcome was MetS severity (MetS z-score). Secondary outcomes were body composition, muscle strength and quality of life (QoL). All groups significantly reduced body weight (~3%) and fat mass (~2.6 kg) but only 1-RT and 3-RT preserved skeletal muscle mass (SMM). All exercise groups increased muscle strength in major muscle groups (20–103%). However, only the two RT-groups improved MetS z-score (1-RT: −1.34, p = 0.003; 3-RT: −2.06, p < 0.001) and QoL (1-RT: +6%, p = 0.027; 3-RT: +12%, p < 0.001), while WB-EMS and CON had no impact on these outcomes. We conclude that traditional RT has superior effects on cardiometabolic health, SMM and QoL in obese MetS patients undergoing CR than WB-EMS.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Combined With Individualized Nutritional Support Improves Body Composition in Patients With Hematological Malignancies – A Pilot Study
- Author
-
Kristin Schink, Dejan Reljic, Hans J. Herrmann, Julia Meyer, Andreas Mackensen, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
body composition ,physical function ,whole-body electromyostimulation ,exercise ,nutrition ,skeletal muscle mass ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Patients undergoing the complex treatment for hematological malignancies are exposed to a high physiological and psychological distress inducing fatigue and physical inactivity. In line with cancer-related metabolic changes patients are predisposed for skeletal muscle mass loss that leads to a functional decline, affects therapeutic success, and quality of life. Benefits of physical exercise and nutritional interventions on muscle maintenance are observed in solid cancer patients, but marginally investigated in patients with hematological cancer. We here studied the effects of a combined supportive exercise and nutrition intervention using whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) training and individualized nutritional support in patients actively treated for hematological malignancy. In a controlled pilot trial, 31 patients (67.7% male; 58.0 ± 16.7 years) with various hematological cancers were allocated to a control group (n = 9) receiving nutritional support of usual care regarding a high protein intake (>1.0 g/kg/d) or to a physical exercise group (n = 22) additionally performing WB-EMS training twice weekly for 12 weeks. Bodyweight and body composition assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis were measured every 4 weeks. Physical function, blood parameters, quality of life and fatigue were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. No WB-EMS-related adverse effects occurred. Patients attending the exercise program presented a higher skeletal muscle mass than controls after 12-weeks (1.51 kg [0.41, 2.60]; p = 0.008). In contrast, patients of the control group showed a higher fat mass percentage than patients of the WB-EMS group (-4.46% [-7.15, -1.77]; p = 0.001) that was accompanied by an increase in serum triglycerides in contrast to a decrease in the WB-EMS group (change ± SD, control 36.3 ± 50.6 mg/dl; WB-EMS -31.8 ± 68.7 mg/dl; p = 0.064). No significant group differences for lower limb strength, quality of life, and fatigue were detected. However, compared to controls the WB-EMS group significantly improved in physical functioning indicated by a higher increase in the 6-min-walking distance (p = 0.046). A combined therapeutic intervention of WB-EMS and protein-rich nutritional support seems to be safe and effective in improving skeletal muscle mass and body composition in hematological cancer patients during active oncological treatment.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02293239.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Dietary Effects on Microbiota—New Trends with Gluten-Free or Paleo Diet
- Author
-
Yurdagül Zopf, Dejan Reljic, and Walburga Dieterich
- Subjects
diet ,gluten-free ,microbiota ,Paleo diet ,Medicine - Abstract
A well-balanced diet is the basis for a healthy life. Both the western diet and special diets can have a relevant impact on the microbiome and promote the development of various diseases. There has been an increase in food-related disorders in recent years, largely associated with dramatic changes in food consumption trends and main nutrients. A major response to food intolerances has been the adoption of new dietary trends involving the reduction or exclusion of specific food ingredients. Especially gluten-containing, but also gluten-free cereals are in the cross-fire. Supporters of the gluten-free diet argue that gluten triggers inflammation and related diseases, while followers of the Paleo diet drastically impeach all cereals as dangerous for human health. To date, no controlled studies support or reject a positive health effect of a gluten-free or cereal-free diet. Future large-scale studies need to evaluate the effect of gluten-containing and gluten-free cereals and the various diets on human health, inflammatory parameters, clinical symptoms, and the gut microbiota (including the bacteria, fungi, and viruses). Dietary-associated changes in compositional and functional microbiota traits should be correlated with the health status for the future development of dietary recommendations and potential clinical interventions.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Broken Rotor Bar Fault Detection Using Advanced IM Model and Artificial Intelligence Approach.
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Dejan G. Jerkan, and Zeljko Kanovic
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Multi-phase Induction Machine Speed Estimation Method Using Rotor Slot Harmonics.
- Author
-
Ivana Isakov, Veran Vasic, Dejan G. Jerkan, Dejan Reljic, and Ivan Todorovic
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Normal values for body composition in adults are better represented by continuous reference ranges dependent on age and BMI
- Author
-
Janna Enderle, Dejan Reljic, Björn Jensen, Sven Peine, Yurdagül Zopf, and Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine - Published
- 2023
21. Feasibility, Safety, and Preliminary Efficacy of Very Low-Volume Interval Training in Advanced Cancer Patients
- Author
-
Dejan, Reljic, Hans J, Herrmann, Benedikt, Jakobs, Walburga, Dieterich, Dimitrios, Mougiakakos, Markus F, Neurath, and Yurdagül, Zopf
- Subjects
Oxygen ,Cardiorespiratory Fitness ,Neoplasms ,Quality of Life ,Water-Electrolyte Imbalance ,Humans ,Feasibility Studies ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,High-Intensity Interval Training ,Fatigue ,Exercise Therapy - Abstract
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and health-related outcomes in various chronic diseases, including cancer. However, data on feasibility and efficacy of HIIT in advanced cancer patients are still sparse, presumably because of safety concerns, like suspected immunosuppression after vigorous exercise. This randomized, sham-intervention controlled study aimed to investigate feasibility, safety, and preliminary efficacy of very low-volume HIIT (LOW-HIIT) in advanced cancer patients.Twenty-seven patients (55.4 ± 13.2 yr) with different advanced cancers (Union for International Cancer Control [UICC] III/IV) were randomly allocated to LOW-HIIT ( n = 13), consisting of 5 × 1 min cycle ergometer intervals (14 min per session total duration) at 80% to 95% HR peak (two sessions per week for 12 wk), or a sham intervention ( n = 14) performing light physical mobilization exercises (SHAM). Primary outcomes were attrition and attendance rates, with values of ≤25% and ≥80%, respectively, considered acceptable. Secondary outcomes were safety, protocol fidelity, physiological (including CRF measures) and patient-reported outcomes (including fatigue and quality of life).One of 13 patients (8%) receiving LOW-HIIT dropped out. Mean attendance rate was ~93%. The prescribed minimum exercise intensity was consistently reached by all patients. Low-volume HIIT was well tolerated and not associated with any serious adverse event nor with increased infection susceptibility. There were no biochemical signs of acute immunosuppression after LOW-HIIT. Contrarily, differentiation and degranulation of natural killer cells was acutely increased postexercise. Low-volume HIIT improved CRF measures including peak oxygen uptake, self-reported fatigue, physical, and social functioning. No significant changes occurred in the SHAM group.Low-volume HIIT can be regarded as feasible and safe in advanced cancer patients. Our preliminary data indicate favorable acute effects on NK-cells and beneficial chronic adaptations in CRF, fatigue, and aspects of quality of life.
- Published
- 2022
22. Very Low-Volume, High-Intensity Interval Training Mitigates Negative Health Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic-Induced Physical Inactivity
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Annalena Eichhorn, Hans J. Herrmann, Markus F. Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
Cardiovascular Diseases ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Communicable Disease Control ,Quality of Life ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,exercise ,health promotion ,cardiometabolic health ,lockdown ,occupational health management ,physical activity ,COVID-19 ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,High-Intensity Interval Training ,Sedentary Behavior ,Pandemics - Abstract
Initially, we aimed to investigate the impact of a one-year worksite low-volume, high-intensity interval training (LOW-HIIT) on cardiometabolic health in 114 sedentary office workers. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, LOW-HIIT was discontinued after 6 months and participants were followed up for 6 months to analyze physical activity/exercise behavior and outcome changes during lockdown. Health examinations, including cardiopulmonary exercise testing and the assessment of cardiometabolic markers were performed baseline (T-1), after 6 months (T-2, termination of worksite LOW-HIIT) and 12 months (T-3, follow-up). Cycle ergometer LOW-HIIT (5 × 1 min at 85–95% HRmax) was performed 2×/week. For follow-up analyses, participants were classified into three groups: HIIT-group (continued home-based LOW-HIIT), EX-group (continued other home-based exercises), and NO-EX-group (discontinued LOW-HIIT/exercise). At T-2, VO2max (+1.5 mL/kg/min, p = 0.002), mean arterial blood pressure (MAB, −4 mmHg, p < 0.001), HbA1c (−0.2%, p = 0.005) and self-reported quality of life (QoL, +5 points, p < 0.001) were improved. At T-3, HIIT-group maintained VO2max and QoL and further improved MAB. EX-group maintained MAB and QoL but experienced a VO2max decrease. In NON-EX, VO2max, MAB and QoL deteriorated. We conclude that LOW-HIIT can be considered a promising option to improve cardiometabolic health in real-life conditions and to mitigate physical inactivity-related negative health impacts during lockdowns.
- Published
- 2022
23. Power Transfer Analysis of an Asymmetric Wireless Transmission System Using the Scattering Parameters
- Author
-
Veran Vasic, Dejan Reljic, Djura Oros, and Živadin Despotović
- Subjects
Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,asymmetric system ,lcsh:TK7800-8360 ,wireless power transfer ,02 engineering and technology ,magnetic resonance ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Scattering parameters ,Electronic engineering ,Maximum power transfer theorem ,Wireless ,Wireless power transfer ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,S-parameters ,Power transmission ,Computer simulation ,business.industry ,Scattering ,lcsh:Electronics ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,Power (physics) ,Hardware and Architecture ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Signal Processing ,business ,two-port networks - Abstract
The most widely adopted category of the mid-range wireless power transmission (WPT) systems is based on the magnetic resonance coupling (MRC), which is appropriate for a very wide range of applications. The primary concerns of the WPT/MRC system design are the power transfer capabilities. Using the scattering parameters based on power waves, the power transfer of an asymmetric WPT/MRC system with the series-series compensation structure is studied in this paper. This approach is very convenient since the scattering parameters can provide all the relevant characteristics of the WPT/MRC system related to power propagation. To maintain the power transfer capability of the WPT/MRC system at a high level, the scattering parameter S21 is used to determine the operating frequency of the power source. Nevertheless, this condition does not coincide with the maximum possible power transfer efficiency of the system. In this regard, the WPT/MRC system is thereafter configured with a matching circuit, whereas the scattering parameter S21′ S21’is used to calculate and then adjust the matching frequency of the system. This results in the maximum available power transfer efficiency and thereby increases the overall performance of the system. Theoretical investigations are followed by numerical simulation and experimental validation.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Broken Rotor Bar Fault Detection of IM Based on the Counter-Current Braking Method
- Author
-
Dejan Jerkan, Darko Marcetic, and Dejan Reljic
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Stator ,Rotor (electric) ,Bar (music) ,020209 energy ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,Fault (power engineering) ,Symmetrical components ,Signal ,Fault detection and isolation ,law.invention ,law ,Control theory ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Induction motor - Abstract
This paper presents an improved method for the broken rotor bar detection in a squirrel-cage induction motor (IM). The method is based on the spectral analysis of the transient stator current signal during the counter-current braking (CCB). Contrary to the classical CCB, the proposed method results in the low braking current, which is a small fraction of the rated value and serves as a broken bar detection test signal only. This kind of the broken rotor bar fault diagnosis is independent of loading conditions and can be carried out even for a free shaft motor. The existence of spectral components in the low CCB current signal indicating the faulty conditions is first proven with the generalized theory of symmetrical components. The method is then verified via simulations, using an IM model based on the finite-element analysis and the magnetically coupled multiple circuits approach. Afterward, the experiments are performed, showing a good agreement with both the theoretical prediction and the simulation results, confirming the presence of the fault-induced components in the stator current spectra.
- Published
- 2017
25. Broken Bar Fault Detection in IM Operating Under No-Load Condition
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Darko Marcetic, Dejan Jerkan, and Djura Oros
- Subjects
Engineering ,current measurement ,lcsh:Computer engineering. Computer hardware ,General Computer Science ,Bar (music) ,020209 energy ,Fast Fourier transform ,lcsh:TK7885-7895 ,02 engineering and technology ,Fault detection and isolation ,law.invention ,Quantitative Biology::Subcellular Processes ,law ,Control theory ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Spectral analysis ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business.industry ,Rotor (electric) ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Electrical engineering ,Signal on ,fast Fourier transform ,fault detection ,induction motor ,spectral analysis ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,business ,lcsh:TK1-9971 ,Induction motor ,Voltage - Abstract
This paper presents a novel method for broken rotor bar detection in a squirrel-cage induction motor (IM). The proposed method applies a single-phase AC voltage as a test signal on motor terminals, resulting in a stator backward-rotating magnetic field. The field ultimately causes additional current components in the stator windings whose magnitudes depend on the broken bar fault severity, even if the motor is unloaded. This allows robust broken bar fault detection based only on standard motor current signature analysis (MCSA) technique. The proposed fault detection method is at first verified via simulations, using an IM model based on finite element analysis (FEA) and multiple coupled circuit approach (MCCA). The subsequent experimental investigations have shown good agreement with both theoretical predictions and simulation results.
- Published
- 2016
26. Broken Rotor Bar Fault Detection Using Advanced IM Model and Artificial Intelligence Approach
- Author
-
Dejan Jerkan, Zeljko Kanovic, and Dejan Reljic
- Subjects
Artificial neural network ,Bar (music) ,Computer science ,Rotor (electric) ,business.industry ,020209 energy ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Fault (power engineering) ,Fault detection and isolation ,law.invention ,Discriminative model ,law ,Feature (computer vision) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Induction motor - Abstract
In this paper, a reliable method is developed to deal with the broken rotor bar (BRB) fault detection (FD) of a three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor (IM). The proposed method is based on an advanced IM model, which is developed using magnetically coupled multiple circuits approach. The developed squirrel-cage IM model is directly applied to the numerous computer simulations, with healthy and faulty rotor bars, in order to effectively extract the most relevant BRB feature components from the motor current and speed spectra. Thus generated discriminative BRB features are used to train an intelligent FD system based on an artificial intelligence, such as artificial neural network and support-vector machine. Finally, the method is tested and verified with BRB features obtained from additional computer simulations of the IM with healthy and faulty rotor bars. The classification results show that the proposed method can identify BRB fault with good accuracy.
- Published
- 2019
27. Prevalence and predictors of dropout from high-intensity interval training in sedentary individuals: A meta-analysis
- Author
-
Franziska Wolf, Joachim E. Fischer, David Lampe, Dejan Reljic, HJ Herrmann, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Patient Dropouts ,Psychological intervention ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Walking ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,High-Intensity Interval Training ,Interval training ,Running ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Prevalence ,Medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,business.industry ,Cardiorespiratory fitness ,030229 sport sciences ,Confidence interval ,Bicycling ,Tolerability ,Meta-analysis ,Exercise intensity ,Physical therapy ,business ,High-intensity interval training - Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) is an effective method to improve fitness and various health markers. However, the tolerability and acceptability of HIIT among sedentary individuals is currently controversially discussed. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of dropout among sedentary individuals in HIIT‐based exercise interventions. MEDLINE/PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were searched systematically for relevant articles until 06/2018. Studies included were required to (a) be written in English, (b) include sedentary healthy adults, (c) use some form of HIIT without any complementary intervention, (d) last ≥4 weeks, (e) report detailed description of the applied HIIT protocol, and (f) report data that allow calculation of a dropout rate. Fifty‐five studies reporting results from 67 HIIT interventions with 1318 participants met the eligibility criteria. The trim and fill adjusted pooled dropout rate across all interventions was 17.6% (95% confidence interval 14.2‐21.5%). Dropout rates were significantly lower in cycling‐based interventions compared with studies using running/walking as exercise modality (P < 0.001). Longer session time (β = 0.02, P < 0.05), higher time effort/week (β = 0.005, P < 0.05), and overall time effort/intervention (β = 0.0003, P < 0.05) predicted greater dropout. Exercise intensity was not related to dropout. Our data suggest that HIIT‐based interventions are tolerable and acceptable for previously sedentary individuals, exhibiting generally lower dropout rates than commonly reported for traditional exercise programs. Given the association between HIIT volume and dropouts, future studies should further focus on identifying the minimally effective dose of practical HIIT for improving health status. Such efforts would be important to increase implementation and public health impact of HIIT.
- Published
- 2018
28. A Novel Mobile Phone App (OncoFood) to Record and Optimize the Dietary Behavior of Oncologic Patients: Pilot Study (Preprint)
- Author
-
Till Orlemann, Dejan Reljic, Björn Zenker, Julia Meyer, Bjoern Eskofier, Jana Thiemt, Hans Joachim Herrmann, Markus Friedrich Neurath, and Yurdagül Zopf
- Abstract
BACKGROUND Catabolism and tumor-specific therapy lead to reduced nutrient intake and weight loss in cancer patients. Maintaining a specific individualized diet can be challenging for the patient as the nutritional counseling options are limited. Monitoring of nutrient intake and frequent feedback are, however, vital for successful nutritional therapy because they support the patient’s compliance and realization of dietary therapeutic goals. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at investigating the feasibility and applicability of a novel mobile phone app to assess and evaluate dietary behaviors in oncologic patients. METHODS To determine dietary habits and food preferences in oncologic patients, initially 1400 nutritional records were evaluated and analyzed. The results provided the basis for creating a nutritional mobile phone app. Key requirements for the app included simple handling, recording the daily intake, and a comparison of nutrient targets and current status. In total, 39 cancer patients were recruited for the study; 15 patients dropped out prior to the study. All patients received a nutritional anamnesis, nutritional analysis, and nutritional counseling. Individual energy and nutrient aims were defined. The intervention group (n=12) additionally used the app. Weight and body composition of each group were evaluated after 4 weeks. RESULTS The app group gained significantly more weight (P=.045; mean weight 1.03 kg vs –1.46 kg). Also, skeletal muscle mass showed a significant increase in the app group (P=.009; mean skeletal muscle mass 0.58 kg vs –0.61 kg) compared with the control group. There was no significant difference between groups relating to the daily protein intake (P=.06). Additionally, there was a decrease in macronutrient intake during the study period in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that patients who track their daily dietary habits using a mobile phone app are more likely to reach their nutritional goals than the control patients. Further large-scale studies are needed to confirm these initial findings and test the applicability on a broader basis.
- Published
- 2018
29. Effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training in a community setting: a pilot study
- Author
-
Felix Wittmann, Dejan Reljic, and Joachim E. Fischer
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Waist ,Sports medicine ,Physiology ,Pilot Projects ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,High-Intensity Interval Training ,Interval training ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physiology (medical) ,Heart rate ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Adverse effect ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Cardiorespiratory fitness ,030229 sport sciences ,General Medicine ,Continuous training ,Cardiorespiratory Fitness ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Independent Living ,Sedentary Behavior ,business ,High-intensity interval training - Abstract
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is emerging as an effective and time-efficient exercise strategy for health promotion. However, most HIIT studies are conducted in laboratory settings and evidence regarding the efficacy of time-efficient “low-volume” HIIT is based mainly on demanding “all-out” protocols. Thus, the aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility and efficacy of two low-volume (≤ 30 min time-effort/week), non-all-out HIIT protocols, performed 2 ×/week over 8 weeks in a community-based fitness centre. Thirty-four sedentary men and women were randomised to either 2 × 4-min HIIT (2 × 4-HIIT) or 5 × 1-min HIIT (5 × 1-HIIT) at 85–95% maximal heart rate (HRmax), or an active control group performing moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT, 76 min/week) at 65–75% HRmax. The exercise protocols were well tolerated and no adverse events occurred. 2 × 4-HIIT and 5 × 1-HIIT exhibited lower dropout rates (17 and 8 vs. 30%) than MICT. All training modes improved VO2max (2 × 4-HIIT: + 20%, P
- Published
- 2017
30. Rapid body mass loss affects erythropoiesis and hemolysis but does not impair aerobic performance in combat athletes
- Author
-
M. Kieser, J. Feist, J. Jost, Dejan Reljic, and B. Friedmann-Bette
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Bilirubin ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Weight loss ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,biology ,business.industry ,Free androgen index ,Lactate threshold ,Haptoglobin ,030229 sport sciences ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Erythropoietin ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Erythropoiesis ,Hemoglobin ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Rapid body mass loss (RBML) before competition was found to decrease hemoglobin mass (Hbmass ) in elite boxers. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this observation. Fourteen well-trained combat athletes who reduced body mass before competitions (weight loss group, WLG) and 14 combat athletes who did not practice RBML (control group, CON) were tested during an ordinary training period (t-1), 1-2 days before an official competition (after 5-7 days RBML in WLG, t-2), and after a post-competition period (t-3). In WLG, body mass (-5.5%, range: 2.9-6.8 kg) and Hbmass (-4.1%) were significantly (P
- Published
- 2015
31. The Enemy of the Feet
- Author
-
Bernd Volker Scheer, Ricardo Jose Soures Costa, Andrew D. Murray, and Dejan Reljic
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Heel ,Al andalus ,business.industry ,Blisters ,General Medicine ,Dermatology ,Foot Dermatosis ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Foot (unit) ,Field conditions ,Cohort study - Abstract
BackgroundBlisters are the most common dermatologic problem in ultraendurance runners. Their incidence, localization, pain scores, and risk factors in field conditions are poorly understood.MethodsWe conducted an observational field-based cohort study during the 5-day multistage 2010 and 2011 Al Andalus Ultimate Trail (219 km). Daily postrace data on blister frequency, localization, severity, and preventive measures from 50 ultramarathon runners were collected through the direct interview technique.ResultsAfter 4 days of running (182 km), blisters occurred in 76% of the participants (P < .001 versus stage 1) compared with 34% after day 1, 54% after day 2, and 72% after day 3 (P < .001 versus stage 1). Most of the blisters formed on the toes (65%) (P < .001), followed by blisters on other locations of the foot: the ball of the foot (16%), heel (14%), and sole (5%). Blisters were more painful toward the end of the race, and those on the sole and heel tended to be the most painful, although this did not reach statistical significance. Prophylactic measures studied (type and fabric of socks; application of antiperspirants, talcum powder, or lubricant to feet; and prophylactic taping) did not show any reduction in blister rates. The only predictive marker for reduced blister incidence was previous ultramarathon experience in men (r = −0.44, P < .05).ConclusionsBlisters are extremely common in multistage ultramarathon races. Race experience in male ultramarathon runners is associated with reduced blister rates.
- Published
- 2014
32. Application of the Goertzel's algorithm in the airgap mixed eccentricity fault detection
- Author
-
Zeljko Kanovic, Dejan Reljic, and Josif Tomic
- Subjects
Engineering ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Stator ,Fast Fourier transform ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Goertzel's algorithm ,Fault (power engineering) ,Fault detection and isolation ,law.invention ,Data acquisition ,Control theory ,law ,Goertzel’s algorithm ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,MCSA ,Airgap mixed eccentricity ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Condition monitoring ,induction motor ,Hardware and Architecture ,Control and Systems Engineering ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,business ,airgap mixed eccentricity ,lcsh:TK1-9971 ,Algorithm ,Goertzel algorithm ,Induction motor - Abstract
In this paper, a suitable method for the on-line detection of the airgap mixed eccentricity fault in a three-phase cage induction motor has been proposed. The method is based on a Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) approach, a technique that is often used for an induction motor condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. It is based on the spectral analysis of the stator line current signal and the frequency identification of specific components, which are created as a result of motor faults. The most commonly used method for the current signal spectral analysis is based on the Fast Fourier transform (FFT). However, due to the complexity and memory demands, the FFT algorithm is not always suitable for real-time systems. Instead of the whole spectrum analysis, this paper suggests only the spectral analysis on the expected airgap fault frequencies employing the Goertzel’s algorithm to predict the magnitude of these frequency components. The method is simple and can be implemented in real-time airgap mixed eccentricity monitoring systems without much computational effort. A low-cost data acquisition system, supported by the LabView software, has been used for the hardware and software implementation of the proposed method. The method has been validated by the laboratory experiments on both the line-connected and the inverter-fed three-phase fourpole cage induction motor operated at the rated frequency and under constant load at a few different values. In addition, the results of the proposed method have been verified through the motor’s vibration signal analysis. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III42004]
- Published
- 2015
33. Effects of pre-competitional rapid weight loss on nutrition, vitamin status and oxidative stress in elite boxers
- Author
-
Joachim Jost, Ralf Kinscherf, Gabriel A. Bonaterra, Dejan Reljic, Birgit Friedmann-Bette, and Kirsten Dickau
- Subjects
Vitamin ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Competitive Behavior ,Adolescent ,Drinking ,Nutritional Status ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,medicine.disease_cause ,Body Mass Index ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Young Adult ,Animal science ,Weight loss ,Weight maintenance ,Internal medicine ,Weight Loss ,medicine ,Dietary Carbohydrates ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,business.industry ,Rapid weight loss ,Glutathione ,Vitamins ,Carbohydrate ,Boxing ,Dietary Fats ,Food record ,Oxidative Stress ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Dietary Proteins ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Energy Intake ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Dietary intake, vitamin status and oxidative stress were evaluated in 17 elite male boxers. Ten of them frequently reduced body weight rapidly before competitions (Weight Loss Group) and 7 did not practice rapid weight loss (Control Group). Food record checklists, blood samples for determination of vitamin status and plasma glutathione levels were obtained during a week of weight maintenance, a pre-competition week and a post-competition week. The average dietary intakes in both groups were 33 ± 8 kcal·kg(-1), 3.7 ± 1.1 g·kg(-1) carbohydrates, 1.5 ± 0.4 g·kg(-1) protein, 1.2 ± 0.4 g·kg(-1) fat and 2.2 ± 1.0 L water per day (excluding pre-competition week in Weight Loss Group). Energy (18 ± 7 kcal·kg(-1)), carbohydrate (2.2 ± 0.8 g·kg(-1)), protein (0.8 ± 0.4 g·kg(-1)), fat (0.6 ± 0.3 g·kg(-1)) and water (1.6 ± 0.6 L) consumption (P-values0.001) and intakes of most vitamins (P-values0.05) were significantly reduced during the pre-competition week in the Weight Loss Group. In both groups, the intakes of vitamins A, E and folate were below recommended values throughout the three periods; however, blood vitamin and plasma glutathione levels did not change significantly. Our findings indicate a low-caloric and low-carbohydrate diet in elite boxers, regardless of participating in rapid weight loss or not. Apparently, the pre-competitional malnutitrition in the Weight Loss Group did not induce alterations in the vitamin and glutathione status.
- Published
- 2014
34. The estimation of iron losses in a non-oriented electrical steel sheet based on the artificial neural network and the genetic algorithm approaches
- Author
-
Dragan Matić, Dejan Reljic, Djura Oros, Veran Vasic, and Dejan Jerkan
- Subjects
Artificial neural network ,business.industry ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Electrical engineering ,Mechanical engineering ,engineering.material ,Power (physics) ,Magnetic field ,Ferromagnetism ,Genetic algorithm ,engineering ,Range (statistics) ,business ,Electrical steel - Abstract
Cold rolled non-oriented (CRNO) electrical steel sheets are soft ferromagnetic materials which are commonly used for electromagnetic core design for AC rotating electrical machines. When these materials are exposed to time-varying magnetic fields, the iron losses occur. These losses represent the power dissipated in the ferromagnetic material and they are dependent upon the frequency and magnetic flux density level of the applied time-varying magnetic field. In order to achieve high-efficiency electrical machines, especially at high operating frequencies and magnetic flux density levels, iron losses should be kept as low as possible. This imposes the need for more accurate iron losses models, but also for fast and reliable estimation techniques. This paper considers the applications of an artificial neural network (ANN) and a genetic algorithm (GA), based on the classical iron losses separation formulation for a fast estimation of the specific iron losses in CRNO electrical steel sheet grade M530-50A over a wide frequency and magnetic flux density range. Iron losses measurement data, provided by the manufacturer, are used to calibrate the iron losses models. The approaches were verified using the manufacturer's measurement data. Acceptable accuracy was obtained.
- Published
- 2014
35. Broken bar detection using current analysis — A case study
- Author
-
Dura Oros, Zeljko Kanovic, Dejan Reljic, Filip Kulic, Veran Vasic, and Dragan Matic
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Rotor (electric) ,Bar (music) ,Acoustics ,Wavelet transform ,law.invention ,law ,Electronic engineering ,Kurtosis ,Time domain ,Transient (oscillation) ,business ,Digital signal processing ,Induction motor - Abstract
This paper covers a case study of broken bar detection for 3.15 MW motor in a thermal power plant application. The motor current is measured in one phase. Feature extraction is based on transient and steady state analysis. Hilbert and Wavelet transforms are used to extract broken bar features. To discuss rotor condition in time domain skewness and kurtosis of current envelope are also considered. Low shaft-load conditions are present. In case of high-voltage, high-power induction motor reliable broken bar detection is possible when contemporary digital signal processing techniques are used.
- Published
- 2013
36. Rapid Weight Loss and the Body Fluid Balance and Hemoglobin Mass of Elite Amateur Boxers
- Author
-
Birgit Friedmann-Bette, Joachim Jost, Eike Hässler, and Dejan Reljic
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Context (language use) ,Sweating ,Hemoglobins ,Young Adult ,Weight loss ,Weight class ,Weight Loss ,medicine ,Electric Impedance ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Balance (ability) ,Original Research ,Body fluid ,Analysis of Variance ,Blood Volume ,Dehydration ,Rapid weight loss ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Boxing ,Water-Electrolyte Balance ,Case-Control Studies ,Physical therapy ,Linear Models ,Hemoglobin ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Amateur - Abstract
Context Dehydration is assumed to be a major adverse effect associated with rapid loss of body mass for competing in a lower weight class in combat sports. However, the effects of such weight cutting on body fluid balance in a real-life setting are unknown. Objective To examine the effects of 5% or greater loss of body mass within a few days before competition on body water, blood volume, and plasma volume in elite amateur boxers. Design Case-control study. Setting Sports medicine laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Seventeen male boxers (age = 19.2 ± 2.9 years, height = 175.1 ± 7.0 cm, mass = 65.6 ± 9.2 kg) were assigned to the weight-loss group (WLG; n = 10) or the control group (CON; n = 7). Intervention(s) The WLG reduced body mass by restricting fluid and food and inducing excessive sweat loss by adhering to individual methods. The CON participated in their usual precompetition training. Main Outcome Measure(s) During an ordinary training period (t-1), 2 days before competition (t-2), and 1 week after competition (t-3), we performed bioelectrical impedance measurements; calculated total body water, intracellular water, and extracellular water; and estimated total hemoglobin mass (tHbmass), blood volume, and plasma volume by the CO-rebreathing method. Results In the WLG, the loss of body mass (5.6% ± 1.7%) led to decreases in total body water (6.0% ± 0.9%), extracellular water (12.4% ± 7.6%), tHbmass (5.3% ± 3.8%), blood volume (7.6% ± 2.1%; P < .001), and plasma volume (8.6% ± 3.9%). The intracellular water did not change (P > .05). At t-3, total body water, extracellular water, and plasma volume had returned to near baseline values, but tHbmass and blood volume still were less than baseline values (P < .05). In CON, we found no changes (P > .05). Conclusions In a real-life setting, the loss of approximately 6% body mass within 5 days induced hypohydration, which became evident by the decreases in body water and plasma volume. The reduction in tHbmass was a surprising observation that needs further investigation.
- Published
- 2013
37. Power factor correction and harmonics mitigation based on phase shifting approach
- Author
-
Dejan Reljic, Veran Vasic, and Dj.V. Oros
- Subjects
Engineering ,Total harmonic distortion ,Switched-mode power supply ,business.industry ,Power factor ,Voltage optimisation ,AC power ,law.invention ,Capacitor ,law ,Harmonics ,Electronic engineering ,business ,Electrical impedance - Abstract
The traditional approach to power factor correction in industrial applications involves installation of capacitor banks. But, with the widespread use of non-linear loads, such as variable speed drives (VSDs), power factor improvement has become more difficult. The presence of harmonic currents cause power capacitors to absorb them, as capacitor impedance is inversely proportional to frequency. The effects are overheating and increased dielectric stress of power capacitors, which result in their premature failure. Capacitors can also interact with harmonics, leading to harmonic amplifications at resonant frequency, which can damage the capacitors or components of the system. Besides, high power factor cannot be achieved because of distortion power. These have imposed the need for a different approach to power factor correction, i.e. application of harmonic solutions. High power factor and low harmonics go together. This article analyzes phase shifting technique for harmonics mitigation. Industrial case study is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed technique for harmonics reduction and power factor correction at the same time.
- Published
- 2012
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.