Search

Objective: Nutrition is one of the most important factors today in prevention and maintaining health, as well as in treatment of diseases. Despite many efforts, the challenges related to nutrition are becoming more and more common every day. Persian medicine is one of the oldest medical approaches in the world, and nutrition has a special and fundamental place in this medical thought. So much so, that a large portion of Persian medicine is related to nutrition. Individualized nutrition in Persian medicine based on temperament (Mizaj) is well in correspondence today with the topic of nutrigenomics or nutrigenetic, or epigenetic, and strongly proposes a unique model of nutrition in a strategic way. This study focuses to describe the importance of nutrition based on individualized temperament from the perspective of Persian medicine and the findings of modern one. Materials and Methods: This study is a narrative literature review using keywords including Persian medicine, Traditional Persian medicine, temperament (Mizaj), nutrition, individualized nutrition, individualized medicine, precision nutrition, functional food, bioactive food, nutrigenomics, nutrigenetic, epigenetic, and TEF, in Persian and English were used to explore related articles in databases such as Pub Med and also using Google Scholar, without any time constraints. Extracted articles were carefully studied. Also, Persian medicine books and conventional medicine ones were studied. The relevant content were collected, reviewed and the results were written in the form of individualized nutrition, based on temperament. Findings: According to the principles of Persian medicine, the temperament of every healthy person is based on a balanced and specific range. Maintaining this range and its balance is cornerstone to a healthy person. On the other hand, and from view point of Persian medicine, all foods and drinks have their own temperament too. A review of modern scientific sources also shows that these topics have been considered by common medical science and in these sources, topics such as individualized nutrition and individualized medicine along with topics such as nutrigenomics, epigenetic, and nutrigenetic have been addressed. Also, the discussion about the quality of the effect of foods on the body of people, which has been presented in the form of functional food, is in accordance with the statements of Persian medical scholars about possession of different temperaments for foods. Conclusion: Findings of this article strongly suggests that, what current medicine emphasizes today on individualized nutrition that is essential to promote human health, which is known in the traditional Persian medicine, as personal temperament. Thus combination of traditional Persian medicine recommendations (in the form of holistic medicine), and modern medical science recommendations (in the form of analytic medicine), is essential to accelerate developments in the medical sciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Score worksheets have been extracted for PhD candidates in Epidemiology, Microbiology and Parasitology for the academic year of 1386-87. The main objective in this study is the impact and importance of different subjects on the discrimination results of admission. Methods: Extracted scores from worksheets are analyzed by MINITAB15 statistical toolbox. The regression values of different subjects were extracted and sorted for each branch of study. All subject correlation coefficients were calculated in comparison to overall candidate performance. A redundancy measure was suggested on the basis of correlation of different subject performances. The distribution box plots were shown for different subject to visualize comparison. Results: The repeatability and redundanc y between different subjects were high in bacteriology. The different subjects in this branch of study had efficient and equal impact on discrimination. The bacteriology as a subject had shown lowest significance in epidemiology, therefore it has the lowest taxonomy. The bacteriology and fungicide subject despite its low weight showed the highest impact of 6.44 in parasitology. Conclusion: In this study we realized that in branches such as epidemiology different subjects have equal impact. In subject cases which the significance of impacts are very low, there should be further consideration and analysis on the subject matter to whether wave the subject. In parasitology branch bacteriology and fungicide subject has higher impact on discrimination, it is worth to increase its weight and the number of questions on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our knowledge of the effects of exposure to indoor ultrafine particles (sub-100 nm, #/cm 3 ) on human brain activity is very limited. The effects of cooking ultrafine particles (UFP) on healthy adults were assessed using an electroencephalograph (EEGs) for brain response. Peak ultrafine particle concentrations were approximately 3 × 10 5 particle/cm 3, and the average level was 1.64 × 10 5 particle/cm 3 . The average particle number emission rate (S) and the average number decay rate (a+k) for chicken frying in brain experiments were calculated to be 2.82 × 10 12 (SD = 1.83 × 10 12 , R 2  = 0.91, p = 0.0013) particles/min, 0.47 (SD = 0.30, R 2  = 0.90, p < 0.0001) min -1 , respectively. EEGs were recorded before and during cooking (14 min) and 30 min after the cooking sessions. The brain fast-wave band (beta) decreased during exposure, similar to people with neurodegenerative diseases. It subsequently increased to its pre-exposure condition for 70% of the study participants after 30 min. The brain slow-wave band to fast-wave band ratio (theta/beta ratio) increased during and after exposure, similar to observed behavior in early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. The brain then tended to return to its normal condition within 30 min following the exposure. This study suggests that chronically exposed people to high concentrations of cooking aerosol might progress toward AD., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Knowledge on the impact of the exposure to indoor ultrafine particles (UFPs) on the human brain is restricted. Twelve non-atopic, non-smoking, and healthy adults (10 female and 7 male, in average 22 years old) were monitored for brain physiological responses via electroencephalographs (EEGs) during cooking. Frying ground beef meat in sunflower oil using electric stove without ventilation was conducted. UFPs, particulate matter (PM) (PM 1 , PM 2.5 , PM 4 , PM 10 ), CO 2 , indoor temperature, RH, oil and meat temperatures were monitored continuously throughout the experiments. The UFP peak concentration was recorded to be approximately 2.0 × 10 5 particles/cm 3 . EEGs were recorded before exposure, at end of cooking when PM peak concentrations were observed, and 30 min after the end of the cooking session (post-exposure). Brain electrical activity statistically significantly changed during post-exposure compared to the before exposure, suggesting the translocation of UFPs to the brain, occurring solely in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. Study participants older than 25 were more susceptible to UFPs compared to those younger than 25. Also, the brain abnormality was mainly driven by male rather than female study participants. The brain slow-wave band (delta) decreased while the fast-wave band (Beta3) increased similar to the pattern found in the literature for the exposure to smoking fumes and diesel exhaust., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)