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The advanced travel information system is a prominent intelligent transportation system for which variable message signs (VMSs) are the major components. In Iran, more attention has been paid to sign placement than to other components which are complementary to placement and combine to create relevant and effective messages for the driver. The current study used a stated preference survey to investigate the attitudes and reactions of drivers to VMS information that then were used to build models to reveal the reasons behind driver reactions to a VMS request to change route. The survey included variables affecting driver decisions, such as driver characteristics, attitude and perceptions of current VMS information and traffic in general. The influence of personality traits as subjective factors for driver behavior regarding route choice also was investigated. The results of the estimation of sequential hybrid binary logistic regression model showed that visual health had a significant positive effect on the driver decisions to divert to an alternate route when the VMS messages related to an accident or traffic congestion. Provision of expected delay information about the current route was found to be the most significant factor causing drivers to change route when a VMS indicated traffic congestion ahead. Personality traits such as Agreeableness, neuroticism, extraversion and openness significantly affected driver decisions about changing route when the VMS indicated traffic congestion or adverse weather conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Geotechnical properties of adding crushed curbside-collected glass to Kaolinite S300 with various percentages of 10 to 50% were experimentally evaluated. Crushed glass passing the 2.36 mm (#8) sieve, and retaining on 1.18 mm (#16) selected for this study is collected from a different area in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. Measured hydraulic conductivities were on the order of 2.33E-6 and 1.87E-5 for 10% and 50% respectively. The result shows increment in the maximum dry density from 1.615 mg/m³ at 10% to 1.908 mg/m³ at 50% of addition of crushed glass with the optimum moisture content of 18.35% and 7.4% respectively. Friction angles from the direct shear test were evaluated between 12 to 25 degrees at normal stresses of 56.4 to 219.9 kPa. The result shows that the unconfined compression strength of Kaolinite S300 mixed with crushed glass is increased from 5.26 kPa at 10% addition of crushed glass up to 17.52 kPa at 50%. It can be concluded that the crushed glass is environmentally clean, readily available, and relatively low-cost material that can be one of the replacements for traditional aggregate to enhance the geotechnical properties of soft cohesive soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]