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Este artigo analisa – com base na revisao da literatura existente e por meio da analise de dados secundarios, realizando uma analise historica desde a Colonizacao Portuguesa – as etapas de desenvolvimento da Regiao Amazonica e sua associacao com a pratica do desmatamento, destacando as politicas publicas que fomentaram o desenvolvimento da regiao e o atual avanco de sistemas produtivos orientados pelo estimulo economico. Demonstra-se que o desenvolvimento populacional e economico da Amazonia, citados como as principais causas do desmatamento e estimulados, em boa parte, por politicas economicas, e um processo desuniforme no tempo e no espaco, gerando o desmatamento desigual entre os estados que compoem essa regiao e dentro de cada estado.AbstractBasing on the literature review and on published dataset and following the time chronology of the events since the Portuguese colonization, this paper analyzes the stages of Amazonian region development and its impacts on deforestation, highlighting the policies addressing to foster the Amazon’s development and the current stage of economic activities. The population growth and the economic activities, pointed out as the main causes of the Amazonian deforestation and stimulated by economic policies, have been unequally developed inside the Amazonian region, generating the unequal deforestation process among the Amazonian states and inside each state.Keywords: Amazonian region. Development. Development policies. Deforestation causes

El trabajo analiza los actores y factores de la deforestación en la región andina venezolana durante los periodos 1950-1988 y 1989-1998, y proyecta escenarios a mediano plazo (2000- 2014) de la deforestación regional. Como actores fundamentales se reconocen: Estado, empresarios del campo y campesinos. El primero mediante las políticas públicas y los otros a través de acciones directas, movilizadas por factores subyacentes diferenciados en tiempo y el espacio regional. Dado que los factores subyacentes siguen vigentes, los escenarios futuros revelan una reducción aún mayor de las áreas boscosas silvestres, con la subsecuente pérdida de conectividad entre los parques nacionales de la región. This paper analyzes the actors and deforestation causes in the Venezuelan Andes during 1950-1988 and 1989-1998 periods and projects medium-term scenarios (2000-2014) in the region deforestation process. The state, by means of public policies, as well as agriculture businessmen, lumber dealers and farmers as direct causes, are recognized as the main actors, moved by underlying factors, dissimilar in time and regional space, explaining the forest decrease. Given that the underlying factors are still in force, future stages (2000-2014) reveal a larger decrease of wild forests, with the subsequent loss of connectivity among the region’s national parks. 213-237 jrojaslopez34@gmail.com igoldstein@wcs.org npulido@ula.ve semestral