295 results on '"Deconto, Robert M."'
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2. Competing climate feedbacks of ice sheet freshwater discharge in a warming world
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Li, Dawei, DeConto, Robert M., Pollard, David, and Hu, Yongyun
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- 2024
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3. Understanding of Contemporary Regional Sea‐Level Change and the Implications for the Future
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Hamlington, Benjamin D, Gardner, Alex S, Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan TM, Reager, JT, Trossman, David S, Zaron, Edward D, Adhikari, Surendra, Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D, Bekaert, David PS, Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don P, Chandanpurkar, Hrishikesh A, Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I, DeConto, Robert M, Fasullo, John T, Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T, Gilford, Daniel M, Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C, Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E, Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X, Nerem, R Steven, Nias, Isabel J, Nieves, Veronica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G, Ray, Richard D, Rounce, David R, Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Hélène, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, William V, Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, Nadya, Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N, and Willis, Michael J
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Climate Action ,sea level ,satellite observations ,remote sensing ,Physical Sciences ,Earth Sciences ,Engineering ,Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences - Abstract
Global sea level provides an important indicator of the state of the warming climate, but changes in regional sea level are most relevant for coastal communities around the world. With improvements to the sea-level observing system, the knowledge of regional sea-level change has advanced dramatically in recent years. Satellite measurements coupled with in situ observations have allowed for comprehensive study and improved understanding of the diverse set of drivers that lead to variations in sea level in space and time. Despite the advances, gaps in the understanding of contemporary sea-level change remain and inhibit the ability to predict how the relevant processes may lead to future change. These gaps arise in part due to the complexity of the linkages between the drivers of sea-level change. Here we review the individual processes which lead to sea-level change and then describe how they combine and vary regionally. The intent of the paper is to provide an overview of the current state of understanding of the processes that cause regional sea-level change and to identify and discuss limitations and uncertainty in our understanding of these processes. Areas where the lack of understanding or gaps in knowledge inhibit the ability to provide the needed information for comprehensive planning efforts are of particular focus. Finally, a goal of this paper is to highlight the role of the expanded sea-level observation network-particularly as related to satellite observations-in the improved scientific understanding of the contributors to regional sea-level change.
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- 2020
4. Only halving emissions by 2030 can minimize risks of crossing cryosphere thresholds
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Kloenne, Uta, Nauels, Alexander, Pearson, Pam, DeConto, Robert M., Findlay, Helen S., Hugelius, Gustaf, Robinson, Alexander, Rogelj, Joeri, Schuur, Edward A. G., Stroeve, Julienne, and Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich
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- 2023
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5. Evolving understanding of Antarctic ice-sheet physics and ambiguity in probabilistic sea-level projections
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Kopp, Robert E., DeConto, Robert M., Bader, Daniel A., Hay, Carling C., Horton, Radley M., Kulp, Scott, Oppenheimer, Michael, Pollard, David, and Strauss, Benjamin H.
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Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Abstract
Mechanisms such as ice-shelf hydrofracturing and ice-cliff collapse may rapidly increase discharge from marine-based ice sheets. Here, we link a probabilistic framework for sea-level projections to a small ensemble of Antarctic ice-sheet (AIS) simulations incorporating these physical processes to explore their influence on global-mean sea-level (GMSL) and relative sea-level (RSL). We compare the new projections to past results using expert assessment and structured expert elicitation about AIS changes. Under high greenhouse gas emissions (Representative Concentration Pathway [RCP] 8.5), median projected 21st century GMSL rise increases from 79 to 146 cm. Without protective measures, revised median RSL projections would by 2100 submerge land currently home to 153 million people, an increase of 44 million. The use of a physical model, rather than simple parameterizations assuming constant acceleration of ice loss, increases forcing sensitivity: overlap between the central 90% of simulations for 2100 for RCP 8.5 (93-243 cm) and RCP 2.6 (26-98 cm) is minimal. By 2300, the gap between median GMSL estimates for RCP 8.5 and RCP 2.6 reaches >10 m, with median RSL projections for RCP 8.5 jeopardizing land now occupied by 950 million people (vs. 167 million for RCP 2.6). The minimal correlation between the contribution of AIS to GMSL by 2050 and that in 2100 and beyond implies current sea-level observations cannot exclude future extreme outcomes. The sensitivity of post-2050 projections to deeply uncertain physics highlights the need for robust decision and adaptive management frameworks., Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures (main text); 13 pages, 11 figures (supporting information)
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- 2017
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6. Past Antarctic ice sheet dynamics (PAIS) and implications for future sea-level change
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Colleoni, Florence, primary, De Santis, Laura, additional, R. Naish, Tim, additional, DeConto, Robert M., additional, Escutia, Carlota, additional, Stocchi, Paolo, additional, Uenzelmann-Neben, Gabriele, additional, Hochmuth, Katharina, additional, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, additional, van de Flierdt, Tina, additional, Pérez, Lara F., additional, Leitchenkov, German, additional, Sangiorgi, Francesca, additional, Jamieson, Stewart, additional, Bentley, Michael J., additional, and Wilson, David J., additional
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- 2022
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7. Past abrupt changes, tipping points and cascading impacts in the Earth system
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Brovkin, Victor, Brook, Edward, Williams, John W., Bathiany, Sebastian, Lenton, Timothy M., Barton, Michael, DeConto, Robert M., Donges, Jonathan F., Ganopolski, Andrey, McManus, Jerry, Praetorius, Summer, de Vernal, Anne, Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Cheng, Hai, Claussen, Martin, Crucifix, Michel, Gallopín, Gilberto, Iglesias, Virginia, Kaufman, Darrell S., Kleinen, Thomas, Lambert, Fabrice, van der Leeuw, Sander, Liddy, Hannah, Loutre, Marie-France, McGee, David, Rehfeld, Kira, Rhodes, Rachael, Seddon, Alistair W. R., Trauth, Martin H., Vanderveken, Lilian, and Yu, Zicheng
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- 2021
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8. The Paris Climate Agreement and future sea-level rise from Antarctica
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DeConto, Robert M., Pollard, David, Alley, Richard B., Velicogna, Isabella, Gasson, Edward, Gomez, Natalya, Sadai, Shaina, Condron, Alan, Gilford, Daniel M., Ashe, Erica L., Kopp, Robert E., Li, Dawei, and Dutton, Andrea
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- 2021
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9. Continuous simulations over the last 40 million years with a coupled Antarctic ice sheet-sediment model
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Pollard, David and DeConto, Robert M.
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- 2020
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10. Keeping an Eye on Antarctic Ice Sheet Stability
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Escutia, Carlota, DeConto, Robert M., Dunbar, Robert, Santis, Laura De, Shevenell, Amelia, and Naish, Timothy
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- 2019
11. List of contributors
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Bentley, Michael J., primary, Bijl, Peter, additional, Bostock-Lyman, Helen, additional, Bowen, Melissa, additional, Brinkuis, Henk, additional, Carter, Lionel, additional, Chorley, Hannah K., additional, Colleoni, Florence, additional, De Santis, Laura, additional, DeConto, Robert M., additional, Dickinson, Warren, additional, Dolan, Aisling M., additional, Donda, Federica, additional, Duncan, Bella, additional, Escutia, Carlota, additional, Flierdt, Tina van de, additional, Florindo, Fabio, additional, Francis, Jane, additional, Galeotti, Simone, additional, Gasson, Edward G.W., additional, Ghezzo, Claudio, additional, Gohl, Karsten, additional, Golledge, Nicholas R., additional, Gore, Damian B., additional, Grant, Georgia R., additional, Gulick, Sean, additional, H. Levy, Richard, additional, Halberstadt, Anna Ruth W., additional, Harwood, David M., additional, Hein, Andrew S., additional, Hernández-Molina, Javier, additional, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, additional, Hochmuth, Katharina, additional, Hutchinson, David, additional, Jamieson, Stewart, additional, Kennedy-Asser, Alan, additional, Kim, Sookwan, additional, Kleinschmidt, Georg, additional, Kowalewski, Douglas E., additional, Kuhn, Gerhard, additional, Lanci, Luca, additional, Larter, Robert, additional, Leitchenkov, German, additional, Levy, Richard H., additional, Lewis, Adam R., additional, McKay, Robert M., additional, Meloni, Antonio, additional, Meyers, Stephen R., additional, R. Naish, Tim, additional, Ohneiser, Christian, additional, O’Brien, Phil, additional, Patterson, Molly O., additional, Pérez, Lara F., additional, Powell, Ross, additional, Sangiorgi, Francesca, additional, Santis, Laura De, additional, Sauermilch, Isabel, additional, Shevenell, Amelia E., additional, Siegert, Martin, additional, Sluijs, Appy, additional, Stocchi, Paolo, additional, Talarico, Franco, additional, Uenzelmann-Neben, Gabriele, additional, van de Flierdt, Tina, additional, Verret, Marjolaine, additional, White, Duanne A., additional, Williams, Trevor, additional, Wilson, David J., additional, and Wilson, Gary, additional
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- 2021
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12. Antarctic iceberg impacts on future Southern Hemisphere climate
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Schloesser, Fabian, Friedrich, Tobias, Timmermann, Axel, DeConto, Robert M., and Pollard, David
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- 2019
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13. Possible solutions to several enigmas of Cretaceous climate
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Hay, William W., DeConto, Robert M., de Boer, Poppe, Flögel, Sascha, Song, Ying, and Stepashko, Andrei
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- 2019
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14. Impact of climate change on New York City’s coastal flood hazard : Increasing flood heights from the preindustrial to 2300 CE
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Garner, Andra J., Mann, Michael E., Emanuel, Kerry A., Kopp, Robert E., Lin, Ning, Alley, Richard B., Horton, Benjamin P., DeConto, Robert M., Donnelly, Jeffrey P., and Pollard, David
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- 2017
15. Toward a Cenozoic history of atmospheric CO 2
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Hönisch, Bärbel, Royer, Dana L., Breecker, Daniel O., Polissar, Pratigya J., Bowen, Gabriel J., Henehan, Michael J., Cui, Ying, Steinthorsdottir, Margret, McElwain, Jennifer C., Kohn, Matthew J., Pearson, Ann, Phelps, Samuel R., Uno, Kevin T., Ridgwell, Andy, Anagnostou, Eleni, Austermann, Jacqueline, Badger, Marcus P. S., Barclay, Richard S., Bijl, Peter K., Chalk, Thomas B., Scotese, Christopher R., de la Vega, Elwyn, DeConto, Robert M., Dyez, Kelsey A., Ferrini, Vicki, Franks, Peter J., Giulivi, Claudia F., Gutjahr, Marcus, Harper, Dustin T., Haynes, Laura L., Huber, Matthew, Snell, Kathryn E., Keisling, Benjamin A., Konrad, Wilfried, Lowenstein, Tim K., Malinverno, Alberto, Guillermic, Maxence, Mejía, Luz María, Milligan, Joseph N., Morton, John J., Nordt, Lee, Whiteford, Ross, Roth-Nebelsick, Anita, Rugenstein, Jeremy K. C., Schaller, Morgan F., Sheldon, Nathan D., Sosdian, Sindia, Wilkes, Elise B., Witkowski, Caitlyn R., Zhang, Yi Ge, Anderson, Lloyd, Beerling, David J., Bolton, Clara, Cerling, Thure E., Cotton, Jennifer M., Da, Jiawei, Ekart, Douglas D., Foster, Gavin L., Greenwood, David R., Hyland, Ethan G., Jagniecki, Elliot A., Jasper, John P., Kowalczyk, Jennifer B., Kunzmann, Lutz, Kürschner, Wolfram M., Lawrence, Charles E., Lear, Caroline H., Martínez-Botí, Miguel A., Maxbauer, Daniel P., Montagna, Paolo, Naafs, B. David A., Rae, James W. B., Raitzsch, Markus, Retallack, Gregory J., Ring, Simon J., Seki, Osamu, Sepúlveda, Julio, Sinha, Ashish, Tesfamichael, Tekie F., Tripati, Aradhna, van der Burgh, Johan, Yu, Jimin, Zachos, James C., Zhang, Laiming, Hönisch, Bärbel, Royer, Dana L., Breecker, Daniel O., Polissar, Pratigya J., Bowen, Gabriel J., Henehan, Michael J., Cui, Ying, Steinthorsdottir, Margret, McElwain, Jennifer C., Kohn, Matthew J., Pearson, Ann, Phelps, Samuel R., Uno, Kevin T., Ridgwell, Andy, Anagnostou, Eleni, Austermann, Jacqueline, Badger, Marcus P. S., Barclay, Richard S., Bijl, Peter K., Chalk, Thomas B., Scotese, Christopher R., de la Vega, Elwyn, DeConto, Robert M., Dyez, Kelsey A., Ferrini, Vicki, Franks, Peter J., Giulivi, Claudia F., Gutjahr, Marcus, Harper, Dustin T., Haynes, Laura L., Huber, Matthew, Snell, Kathryn E., Keisling, Benjamin A., Konrad, Wilfried, Lowenstein, Tim K., Malinverno, Alberto, Guillermic, Maxence, Mejía, Luz María, Milligan, Joseph N., Morton, John J., Nordt, Lee, Whiteford, Ross, Roth-Nebelsick, Anita, Rugenstein, Jeremy K. C., Schaller, Morgan F., Sheldon, Nathan D., Sosdian, Sindia, Wilkes, Elise B., Witkowski, Caitlyn R., Zhang, Yi Ge, Anderson, Lloyd, Beerling, David J., Bolton, Clara, Cerling, Thure E., Cotton, Jennifer M., Da, Jiawei, Ekart, Douglas D., Foster, Gavin L., Greenwood, David R., Hyland, Ethan G., Jagniecki, Elliot A., Jasper, John P., Kowalczyk, Jennifer B., Kunzmann, Lutz, Kürschner, Wolfram M., Lawrence, Charles E., Lear, Caroline H., Martínez-Botí, Miguel A., Maxbauer, Daniel P., Montagna, Paolo, Naafs, B. David A., Rae, James W. B., Raitzsch, Markus, Retallack, Gregory J., Ring, Simon J., Seki, Osamu, Sepúlveda, Julio, Sinha, Ashish, Tesfamichael, Tekie F., Tripati, Aradhna, van der Burgh, Johan, Yu, Jimin, Zachos, James C., and Zhang, Laiming
- Abstract
The geological record encodes the relationship between climate and atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) over long and short timescales, as well as potential drivers of evolutionary transitions. However, reconstructing CO 2 beyond direct measurements requires the use of paleoproxies and herein lies the challenge, as proxies differ in their assumptions, degree of understanding, and even reconstructed values. In this study, we critically evaluated, categorized, and integrated available proxies to create a high-fidelity and transparently constructed atmospheric CO 2 record spanning the past 66 million years. This newly constructed record provides clearer evidence for higher Earth system sensitivity in the past and for the role of CO 2 thresholds in biological and cryosphere evolution. Editor’s summary The concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide is a fundamental driver of climate, but its value is difficult to determine for times older than the roughly 800,000 years for which ice core records are available. The Cenozoic Carbon dioxide Proxy Integration Project (CenCO2PIP) Consortium assessed a comprehensive collection of proxy determinations to define the atmospheric carbon dioxide record for the past 66 million years. This synthesis provides the most complete record yet available and will help to better establish the role of carbon dioxide in climate, biological, and cryosphere evolution. — H. Jesse Smith
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- 2023
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16. Only halving emissions by 2030 can minimize risks of crossing cryosphere thresholds
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0000-0002-3201-6432, 0000-0003-1378-3377, 0000-0003-2800-6466, 0000-0002-9742-9246, 0000-0002-8096-1594, 0000-0003-3519-5293, 0000-0003-2056-9061, 0000-0002-1096-2436, 0000-0001-7316-8320, 0000-0001-8471-848X, Kloenne, Uta, Nauels, Alexander, Pearson, Pam, DeConto, Robert M., Findlay, Helen S., Hugelius, Gustaf, Robinson, Alexander, Rogelj, Joeri, Schuur, Edward A.G., Stroeve, Julienne, Schleussner, Carl Friedrich, 0000-0002-3201-6432, 0000-0003-1378-3377, 0000-0003-2800-6466, 0000-0002-9742-9246, 0000-0002-8096-1594, 0000-0003-3519-5293, 0000-0003-2056-9061, 0000-0002-1096-2436, 0000-0001-7316-8320, 0000-0001-8471-848X, Kloenne, Uta, Nauels, Alexander, Pearson, Pam, DeConto, Robert M., Findlay, Helen S., Hugelius, Gustaf, Robinson, Alexander, Rogelj, Joeri, Schuur, Edward A.G., Stroeve, Julienne, and Schleussner, Carl Friedrich
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- 2023
17. Dynamic Antarctic ice sheet during the early to mid-Miocene
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Gasson, Edward, DeConto, Robert M., Pollard, David, and Levy, Richard H.
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- 2016
18. Climate model differences contribute deep uncertainty in future Antarctic ice loss
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Li, Dawei, primary, DeConto, Robert M., additional, and Pollard, David, additional
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- 2023
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19. Only halving emissions by 2030 can minimize risks of crossing cryosphere thresholds
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Kloenne, Uta, primary, Nauels, Alexander, additional, Pearson, Pam, additional, DeConto, Robert M., additional, Findlay, Helen S., additional, Hugelius, Gustaf, additional, Robinson, Alexander, additional, Rogelj, Joeri, additional, Schuur, Edward A. G., additional, Stroeve, Julienne, additional, and Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich, additional
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- 2022
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20. Plate Tectonics and Climate Change
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DeConto, Robert M. and Gornitz, Vivien, editor
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- 2009
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21. Contribution of Antarctica to past and future sea-level rise
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DeConto, Robert M. and Pollard, David
- Subjects
Antarctica -- Environmental aspects -- Forecasts and trends ,Sea level -- Environmental aspects -- Forecasts and trends ,Market trend/market analysis ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Polar temperatures over the last several million years have, at times, been slightly warmer than today, yet global mean sea level has been 6-9 metres higher as recently as the Last Interglacial (130,000 to 115,000 years ago) and possibly higher during the Pliocene epoch (about three million years ago). In both cases the Antarctic ice sheet has been implicated as the primary contributor, hinting at its future vulnerability. Here we use a model coupling ice sheet and climate dynamics--including previously underappreciated processes linking atmospheric warming with hydrofracturing of buttressing ice shelves and structural collapse of marine-terminating ice cliffs--that is calibrated against Pliocene and Last Interglacial sea-level estimates and applied to future greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Antarctica has the potential to contribute more than a metre of sea-level rise by 2100 and more than 15 metres by 2500, if emissions continue unabated. In this case atmospheric warming will soon become the dominant driver of ice loss, but prolonged ocean warming will delay its recovery for thousands of years. Climate and ice-sheet modelling that includes ice fracture dynamics reveals that Antarctica could contribute more than a metre of sea-level rise by 2100 and more than 13 metres by 2500, if greenhouse gas emissions continue unabated. A 500-year model of Antarctica's contribution to future sea-level rise Robert DeConto and David Pollard use a newly improved numerical ice-sheet model calibrated to Pliocene and Last Interglacial sea-level estimates to develop projections of Antarctica's evolution over the next five centuries, driven by a range of greenhouse gas scenarios. The modelling shows that the Antarctic ice sheet has the potential to contribute between almost nothing, to contributing more than a metre of sea-level rise by 2100 and more than 15 metres by 2500. The startling high-end estimate arises from unabated emissions and previously underappreciated mechanisms: ice-fracturing by surface meltwater and collapse of large ice cliffs. The low end shows that a scenario of strong climate mitigation can radically reduce societal exposure to higher sea levels., Author(s): Robert M. DeConto [sup.1] , David Pollard [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA (2) Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University [...]
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- 2016
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22. Controls on interior West Antarctic Ice Sheet Elevations: inferences from geologic constraints and ice sheet modeling
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Ackert, Robert P., Jr., Putnam, Aaron E., Mukhopadhyay, Sujoy, Pollard, David, DeConto, Robert M., Kurz, Mark D., and Borns, Harold W., Jr.
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- 2013
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23. Past Antarctic ice sheet dynamics (PAIS) and implications for future sea-level change
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Florindo, F., Siegert, M. J., De Santis, Laura, Naish, T. R., Colleoni, Florence, Naish, Tim, DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, C., Stocchi, Paolo, Uenzelmann-Neben, Gabriele, Hochmuth, Katharina, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, Van de Flierdt, Tina, Perez, Lara, Leitchenkov, G., Sangiorgi, F., Jamieson, Stewart S.R., Bentley, Michael J., Wilson, David, Florindo, F., Siegert, M. J., De Santis, Laura, Naish, T. R., Colleoni, Florence, Naish, Tim, DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, C., Stocchi, Paolo, Uenzelmann-Neben, Gabriele, Hochmuth, Katharina, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, Van de Flierdt, Tina, Perez, Lara, Leitchenkov, G., Sangiorgi, F., Jamieson, Stewart S.R., Bentley, Michael J., and Wilson, David
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- 2022
24. Past Antarctic ice sheet dynamics (PAIS) and implications for future sea-level change
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Colleoni, Florence, De Santis, Laura, Naish, Timothy R., DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Stocchi, Paolo, Uenzelmann Neben, Gabriele, Hochmuth, Katharina, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, van de Flierdt, Tina, Pérez, Lara, Leitchenkov, G., Sangiorgi, Francesca, Jamieson, Stewart, Bentley, Mike, Wilson, David, Colleoni, Florence, De Santis, Laura, Naish, Timothy R., DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Stocchi, Paolo, Uenzelmann Neben, Gabriele, Hochmuth, Katharina, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, van de Flierdt, Tina, Pérez, Lara, Leitchenkov, G., Sangiorgi, Francesca, Jamieson, Stewart, Bentley, Mike, and Wilson, David
- Abstract
The legacy of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research’s (SCAR) PAIS strategic research programme includes not only breakthrough scientific discoveries, but it is also the story of a long-standing deep collaboration amongst different multi-disciplinary researchers from many nations, to share scientific infrastructure and data, facilities, and numerical models, in order to address high priority questions regarding the evolution and behaviour of the Antarctic ice sheets (AIS). The PAIS research philosophy is based on data-data and data-model integration and intercomparison, and the development of ‘ice-to-abyss’ data transects and paleo-environmental, extending from the ice sheet interior to the deep sea. PAIS strives to improve understanding of AIS dynamics and to reduce uncertainty in model simulations of future ice loss and global sea level change, by studying warm periods of the geological past that are relevant to future climate scenarios. The multi-disciplinary approach fostered by PAIS represents its greatest strength. Eight years after the start of this programme, PAIS achievements have been high-profile and impactful, both in terms of field campaigns that collected unique data sets and samples, and in terms of scientific advances concerning past AIS dynamics, that have measurably improved understanding of ice sheet sensitivity in response to global warming. Here we provide an overview and synthesis of the new knowledge generated by the PAIS Programme and its implications for anticipating and managing the impacts of global sea-level rise.
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- 2022
25. The Eocene-Oligocene boundary climate transition:an Antarctic perspective
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Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Royal Society (UK), European Research Council, Australian Research Council, Galeotti, Simone, Bijl, Peter K., Brinkuis, Henk, DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Florindo, Fabio, Gasson, Edward G. W., Francis, Jane, Hutchinson, David, Kennedy-Asser, Alan, Lanci, Luca, Sauermilch, Isabel, Sluijs, Appy, Stocchi, Paolo, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Royal Society (UK), European Research Council, Australian Research Council, Galeotti, Simone, Bijl, Peter K., Brinkuis, Henk, DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Florindo, Fabio, Gasson, Edward G. W., Francis, Jane, Hutchinson, David, Kennedy-Asser, Alan, Lanci, Luca, Sauermilch, Isabel, Sluijs, Appy, and Stocchi, Paolo
- Abstract
Antarctica underwent a complex evolution over the course of the Cenozoic, which influenced the history of the Earth’s climate system. The Eocene-Oligocene boundary is a divide of this history when the ice-free ‘greenhouse world’ transitioned to the ‘icehouse’ with the glaciation of Antarctica. Prior to this, Antarctica experienced warm climates, peaking during Early Eocene when tropical-like conditions existed at the margins of the continent where geological evidence is present. Climate signals in the geological record show that the climate then cooled, but not enough to allow the existence of significant ice until the latest Eocene. Glacial deposits from several areas around the continental margin indicate that ice was present by the earliest Oligocene. This matches the major oxygen isotope positive shift captured by marine records. On land, vegetation was able to persist, but the thermophylic plants of the Eocene were replaced by shrubby vegetation with the southern beech Nothofagus, mosses and ferns, which survived in tundra-like conditions. Coupled climate–ice sheet modelling indicates that changing levels of atmospheric CO2 controlled Antarctica’s climate and the onset of glaciation. Factors such as mountain uplift, vegetation changes, ocean gateway opening and orbital forcing all played a part in cooling the polar climate, but only when CO2 levels reached critical thresholds was Antarctica tipped into an icy glacial world.
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- 2022
26. Neogene tectonic and climatic evolution of the Western Ross Sea, Antarctica — Chronology of events from the AND-1B drill hole
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Wilson, Gary S., Levy, Richard H., Naish, Tim R., Powell, Ross D., Florindo, Fabio, Ohneiser, Christian, Sagnotti, Leonardo, Winter, Diane M., Cody, Rosemary, Henrys, Stuart, Ross, Jake, Krissek, Larry, Niessen, Frank, Pompillio, Massimo, Scherer, Reed, Alloway, Brent V., Barrett, Peter J., Brachfeld, Stefanie, Browne, Greg, Carter, Lionel, Cowan, Ellen, Crampton, James, DeConto, Robert M., Dunbar, Gavin, Dunbar, Nelia, Dunbar, Robert, von Eynatten, Hilmar, Gebhardt, Catalina, Giorgetti, Giovanna, Graham, Ian, Hannah, Mike, Hansaraj, Dhiresh, Harwood, David M., Hinnov, Linda, Jarrard, Richard D., Joseph, Leah, Kominz, Michelle, Kuhn, Gerhard, Kyle, Philip, Läufer, Andreas, McIntosh, William C., McKay, Robert, Maffioli, Paola, Magens, Diana, Millan, Christina, Monien, Donata, Morin, Roger, Paulsen, Timothy, Persico, Davide, Pollard, David, Raine, J. Ian, Riesselman, Christina, Sandroni, Sonia, Schmitt, Doug, Sjunneskog, Charlotte, Strong, C. Percy, Talarico, Franco, Taviani, Marco, Villa, Giuliana, Vogel, Stefan, Wilch, Tom, Williams, Trevor, Wilson, Terry J., and Wise, Sherwood
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- 2012
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27. Reprint of: Modeling Antarctic ice sheet and climate variations during Marine Isotope Stage 31
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DeConto, Robert M., Pollard, David, and Kowalewski, Douglas
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- 2012
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28. 2.8 Million Years of Arctic Climate Change from Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia
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Melles, Martin, Brigham-Grette, Julie, Minyuk, Pavel S., Nowaczyk, Norbert R., Wennrich, Volker, DeConto, Robert M., Anderson, Patricia M., Andreev, Andrei A., Coletti, Anthony, Cook, Timothy L., Haltia-Hovi, Eeva, Kukkonen, Maaret, Lozhkin, Anatoli V., Rosén, Peter, Tarasov, Pavel, Vogel, Hendrik, and Wagner, Bernd
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- 2012
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29. Modeling Antarctic ice sheet and climate variations during Marine Isotope Stage 31
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DeConto, Robert M., Pollard, David, and Kowalewski, Douglas
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- 2012
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30. The Role of Carbon Dioxide During the Onset of Antarctic Glaciation
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Pagani, Mark, Huber, Matthew, Liu, Zhonghui, Bohaty, Steven M., Henderiks, Jorijntje, Sijp, Willem, Krishnan, Srinath, and DeConto, Robert M.
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- 2011
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31. Chapter 12 - Past Antarctic ice sheet dynamics (PAIS) and implications for future sea-level change
- Author
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Colleoni, Florence, De Santis, Laura, R. Naish, Tim, DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Stocchi, Paolo, Uenzelmann-Neben, Gabriele, Hochmuth, Katharina, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, van de Flierdt, Tina, Pérez, Lara F., Leitchenkov, German, Sangiorgi, Francesca, Jamieson, Stewart, Bentley, Michael J., and Wilson, David J.
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. A high-end estimate of sea-level rise for practitioners
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van de Wal, Roderik S. W., primary, Nicholls, Robert James, additional, Behar, David, additional, Mcinnes, Kathleen Lynne, additional, Stammer, Detlef, additional, Lowe, Jason A., additional, Church, John Alexander, additional, DeConto, Robert M., additional, Fettweis, Xavier, additional, Goelzer, Heiko, additional, Haasnoot, Marjolijn, additional, Haigh, Ivan David, additional, Hinkel, Jochen, additional, Horton, Benjamin P, additional, James, T S, additional, Jenkins, Adrian, additional, Le Cozannet, Gonéri, additional, Levermann, Anders, additional, Lipscomb, William H., additional, Marzeion, Ben, additional, Pattyn, Frank, additional, Payne, Antony J, additional, Pfeffer, W. Tad, additional, Price, Stephen, additional, Seroussi, Helene, additional, Sun, S, additional, Veatch, W, additional, and White, Kathleen, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Reconciling persistent sub-zero temperatures in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, with Neogene dynamic marine ice-sheet fluctuations
- Author
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Halberstadt, Anna Ruth W., primary, Kowalewski, Douglas E., additional, and DeConto, Robert M., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Mass-Balanced Reconstruction of Overburden
- Author
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Wold, Christopher N., Shaw, Christopher A., DeConto, Robert M., Hay, William W., Merriam, Daniel F., editor, and Harff, Jan, editor
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Climate model differences contribute deep uncertainty in future Antarctic ice loss.
- Author
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Dawei Li, DeConto, Robert M., and Pollard, David
- Abstract
The article presents a study which explores how climate model differences contribute deep uncertainty in future Antarctic ice loss. It mentions that results of the study highlight the need for improved representations of physical processes important for polar climate in climate models, along with also explores future projections of ice sheets in response to different climate scenarios.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. The Paris Agreement and climate justice: inequitable impacts of sea level rise associated with temperature targets
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Sadai, Shaina, primary, Spector, Regine, additional, DeConto, Robert M., additional, and Gomez, Natalya, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Past Antarctic ice sheet dynamics (PAIS) and implications for future sea-level change
- Author
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Colleoni, Florence, De Santis, Laura, R. Naish, Tim, Deconto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Stocchi, Paolo, Uenzelmann-neben, Gabriele, Hochmuth, Katharina, Hillenbrand, Claus-dieter, Van De Flierdt, Tina, Pérez, Lara F., Leitchenkov, German, Sangiorgi, Francesca, Jamieson, Stewart, Bentley, Michael J., Wilson, David J., Colleoni, Florence, De Santis, Laura, R. Naish, Tim, Deconto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Stocchi, Paolo, Uenzelmann-neben, Gabriele, Hochmuth, Katharina, Hillenbrand, Claus-dieter, Van De Flierdt, Tina, Pérez, Lara F., Leitchenkov, German, Sangiorgi, Francesca, Jamieson, Stewart, Bentley, Michael J., and Wilson, David J.
- Abstract
The legacy of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research’s (SCAR) PAIS strategic research programme includes not only breakthrough scientific discoveries, but it is also the story of a long-standing deep collaboration amongst different multi-disciplinary researchers from many nations, to share scientific infrastructure and data, facilities, and numerical models, in order to address high priority questions regarding the evolution and behaviour of the Antarctic ice sheets (AIS). The PAIS research philosophy is based on data-data and data-model integration and intercomparison, and the development of ‘ice-to-abyss’ data transects and paleo-environmental, extending from the ice sheet interior to the deep sea. PAIS strives to improve understanding of AIS dynamics and to reduce uncertainty in model simulations of future ice loss and global sea level change, by studying warm periods of the geological past that are relevant to future climate scenarios. The multi-disciplinary approach fostered by PAIS represents its greatest strength. Eight years after the start of this programme, PAIS achievements have been high-profile and impactful, both in terms of field campaigns that collected unique data sets and samples, and in terms of scientific advances concerning past AIS dynamics, that have measurably improved understanding of ice sheet sensitivity in response to global warming. Here we provide an overview and synthesis of the new knowledge generated by the PAIS Programme and its implications for anticipating and managing the impacts of global sea-level rise.
- Published
- 2021
38. Past Antarctic ice sheet dynamics (PAIS) and implications for future sea-level change
- Author
-
Florindo, Fabio, Siegert, Martin, De Santis, Laura, Naish, Tim, Colleoni, Florence, Naish, Tim R., DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Stocchi, Paolo, Uenzelmann-Neben, Gabriele, Hochmuth, Katharina, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, van de Flierdt, Tina, Perez, Lara F., Leitchenkov, German, Sangiorgi, Francesca, Jamieson, Stewart, Bentley, Michael J., Wilson, David J., PAIS Community, inc., Ferraccioli, Fausto, Hindmarsh, Richard, Hodgson, Dominic A., Larter, Robert D., Florindo, Fabio, Siegert, Martin, De Santis, Laura, Naish, Tim, Colleoni, Florence, Naish, Tim R., DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Stocchi, Paolo, Uenzelmann-Neben, Gabriele, Hochmuth, Katharina, Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter, van de Flierdt, Tina, Perez, Lara F., Leitchenkov, German, Sangiorgi, Francesca, Jamieson, Stewart, Bentley, Michael J., Wilson, David J., PAIS Community, inc., Ferraccioli, Fausto, Hindmarsh, Richard, Hodgson, Dominic A., and Larter, Robert D.
- Abstract
The legacy of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research’s (SCAR) PAIS strategic research programme includes not only breakthrough scientific discoveries, but it is also the story of a long-standing deep collaboration amongst different multi-disciplinary researchers from many nations, to share scientific infrastructure and data, facilities, and numerical models, in order to address high priority questions regarding the evolution and behaviour of the Antarctic ice sheets (AIS). The PAIS research philosophy is based on data-data and data-model integration and intercomparison, and the development of ‘ice-to-abyss’ data transects and paleo-environmental, extending from the ice sheet interior to the deep sea. PAIS strives to improve understanding of AIS dynamics and to reduce uncertainty in model simulations of future ice loss and global sea level change, by studying warm periods of the geological past that are relevant to future climate scenarios. The multi-disciplinary approach fostered by PAIS represents its greatest strength. Eight years after the start of this programme, PAIS achievements have been high-profile and impactful, both in terms of field campaigns that collected unique data sets and samples, and in terms of scientific advances concerning past AIS dynamics, that have measurably improved understanding of ice sheet sensitivity in response to global warming. Here we provide an overview and synthesis of the new knowledge generated by the PAIS Programme and its implications for anticipating and managing the impacts of global sea-level rise.
- Published
- 2021
39. The Eocene-Oligocene boundary climate transition: an Antarctic perspective
- Author
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Florindo, Fabio, Siegert, Martin, De Santis, Laura, Naish, Tim, Galeotti, Simone, Bijl, Peter, Brinkuis, Henk, DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Gasson, Edward G.W., Francis, Jane, Hutchinson, David, Kennedy-Asser, Alan, Lanci, Luca, Sauermilch, Isabel, Sluijs, Appy, Stocchi, Paolo, Florindo, Fabio, Siegert, Martin, De Santis, Laura, Naish, Tim, Galeotti, Simone, Bijl, Peter, Brinkuis, Henk, DeConto, Robert M., Escutia, Carlota, Gasson, Edward G.W., Francis, Jane, Hutchinson, David, Kennedy-Asser, Alan, Lanci, Luca, Sauermilch, Isabel, Sluijs, Appy, and Stocchi, Paolo
- Abstract
Antarctica underwent a complex evolution over the course of the Cenozoic, which influenced the history of the Earth’s climate system. The Eocene-Oligocene boundary is a divide of this history when the ice-free ‘greenhouse world’ transitioned to the ‘icehouse’ with the glaciation of Antarctica. Prior to this, Antarctica experienced warm climates, peaking during Early Eocene when tropical-like conditions existed at the margins of the continent where geological evidence is present. Climate signals in the geological record show that the climate then cooled, but not enough to allow the existence of significant ice until the latest Eocene. Glacial deposits from several areas around the continental margin indicate that ice was present by the earliest Oligocene. This matches the major oxygen isotope positive shift captured by marine records. On land, vegetation was able to persist, but the thermophylic plants of the Eocene were replaced by shrubby vegetation with the southern beech Nothofagus, mosses and ferns, which survived in tundra-like conditions. Coupled climate–ice sheet modelling indicates that changing levels of atmospheric CO2 controlled Antarctica’s climate and the onset of glaciation. Factors such as mountain uplift, vegetation changes, ocean gateway opening and orbital forcing all played a part in cooling the polar climate, but only when CO2 levels reached critical thresholds was Antarctica tipped into an icy glacial world.
- Published
- 2021
40. Past abrupt changes, tipping points and cascading impacts in the Earth system
- Author
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UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Brovkin, Victor, Brook, Edward, Williams, John W., Bathiany, Sebastian, Lenton, Timothy M., Barton, Michael, DeConto, Robert M., Donges, Jonathan F., Ganopolski, Andrey, Crucifix, Michel, Vanderveken, Lilian, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Brovkin, Victor, Brook, Edward, Williams, John W., Bathiany, Sebastian, Lenton, Timothy M., Barton, Michael, DeConto, Robert M., Donges, Jonathan F., Ganopolski, Andrey, Crucifix, Michel, and Vanderveken, Lilian
- Abstract
The geological record shows that abrupt changes in the Earth system can occur on timescales short enough to challenge the capacity of human societies to adapt to environmental pressures. In many cases, abrupt changes arise from slow changes in one component of the Earth system that eventually pass a critical threshold, or tipping point, after which impacts cascade through coupled climate–ecological–social systems. The chance of detecting abrupt changes and tipping points increases with the length of observations. The geological record provides the only long-term information we have on the conditions and processes that can drive physical, ecological and social systems into new states or organizational structures that may be irreversible within human time frames. Here, we use well-documented abrupt changes of the past 30 kyr to illustrate how their impacts cascade through the Earth system. We review useful indicators of upcoming abrupt changes, or early warning signals, and provide a perspective on the contributions of palaeoclimate science to the understanding of abrupt changes in the Earth system.
- Published
- 2021
41. Past extreme warming events linked to massive carbon release from thawing permafrost
- Author
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DeConto, Robert M., Galeotti, Simone, Pagani, Mark, Tracy, David, Schaefer, Kevin, Zhang, Tingjun, Pollard, David, and Beerling, David J.
- Subjects
Soils -- Carbon content ,Global warming -- Natural history ,Frozen ground -- Environmental aspects ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Between about 55.5 and 52 million years ago, Earth experienced a series of sudden and extreme global warming events (hyperthermals) superimposed on a long-term warming trend (1). The first and [...]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Late Pliocene to Pleistocene sensitivity of the Greenland Ice Sheet in response to external forcing and internal feedbacks
- Author
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Koenig, Sebastian J., DeConto, Robert M., and Pollard, David
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Modelling West Antarctic ice sheet growth and collapse through the past five million years
- Author
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Pollard, David and DeConto, Robert M.
- Subjects
Surface-ice melting -- Models -- Causes of -- Environmental aspects ,Global warming -- Environmental aspects -- Models ,Ice sheets -- Models -- Natural history -- Environmental aspects ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation ,Models ,Natural history ,Causes of ,Environmental aspects - Abstract
The West Antarctic ice sheet (WAIS), with ice volume equivalent to ~5 m of sea level (1), has long been considered capable of past and future catastrophic collapse (2-4). Today, the ice sheet is fringed by vulnerable floating ice shelves that buttress the fast flow of inland ice streams. Grounding lines are several hundred metres below sea level and the bed deepens upstream, raising the prospect of runaway retreat (3,5). Projections of future WAIS behaviour have been hampered by limited understanding of past variations and their underlying forcing mechanisms (6,7). Its variation since the Last Glacial Maximum is best known, with grounding lines advancing to the continental-shelf edges around ~15 kyr ago before retreating to near-modern locations by ~3 kyr ago (8). Prior collapses during the warmth of the early Pliocene epoch (9) and some Pleistocene interglacials have been suggested indirectly from records of sea level and deep-sea-core isotopes, and by the discovery of open-ocean diatoms in subglacial sediments'. Until now', however, little direct evidence of such behaviour has been available. Here we use a combined ice sheet/ice shelf model (12) capable of high-resolution nesting with a new treatment of grounding-line dynamics and ice-shelf buttressing (5) to simulate Antarctic ice sheet variations over the past five million years. Modelled WAIS variations range from full glacial extents with grounding lines near the continental shelf break, intermediate states similar to modern, and brief but dramatic retreats, leaving only small, isolated ice caps on West Antarctic islands. Transitions between glacial, intermediate and collapsed states are relatively rapid, taking one to several thousand years. Our simulation is in good agreement with a new sediment record (ANDRILL AND-1B) recovered from the western Ross Sea (11), indicating a long-term trend from more frequently collapsed to more glaciated states, dominant 40-kyr cyclicity in the Pliocene, and major retreats at marine isotope stage 31(~1.07 Myr ago) and other super-interglacials., Large-scale modelling of the WAIS requires an ice-sheet model that combines the flow regimes of grounded and floating ice efficiently enough to allow simulations of ~[10.sup.5] yr or more. This [...]
- Published
- 2009
44. CO2 and tectonic controls on Antarctic climate and ice-sheet evolution in the mid-Miocene
- Author
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Halberstadt, Anna Ruth W., primary, Chorley, Hannah, additional, Levy, Richard H., additional, Naish, Timothy, additional, DeConto, Robert M., additional, Gasson, Edward, additional, and Kowalewski, Douglas E., additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Thresholds for Cenozoic bipolar glaciation
- Author
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DeConto, Robert M., Pollard, David, Wilson, Paul A., Palike, Heiko, Lear, Caroline H., and Pagani, Mark
- Subjects
Glacial landforms -- Natural history -- Research ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation ,Research ,Natural history - Abstract
The long-standing view of Earth's Cenozoic glacial history calls for the first continental-scale glaciation of Antarctica in the earliest Oligocene epoch (-33.6 million years ago (1), followed by the onset [...]
- Published
- 2008
46. Understanding of contemporary regional sea-level change and the implications for the future
- Author
-
Hamlington, Benjamin D., Gardner, Alex S., Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan T. M., Reager, John T., Trossman, David S., Zaron, Edward D., Adhikari, Surendra, Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D., Bekaert, David P. S., Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don P., Chandanpurkar, Hrishikesh A., Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I., DeConto, Robert M., Fasullo, John T., Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Gilford, Daniel M., Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C., Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E., Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Nerem, R. Steven, Nias, Isabel J., Nieves, Veronica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G., Ray, Richard D., Rounce, David R., Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Helene, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, William V., Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, Nadya, Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N., Willis, Michael J., Hamlington, Benjamin D., Gardner, Alex S., Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan T. M., Reager, John T., Trossman, David S., Zaron, Edward D., Adhikari, Surendra, Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D., Bekaert, David P. S., Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don P., Chandanpurkar, Hrishikesh A., Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I., DeConto, Robert M., Fasullo, John T., Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Gilford, Daniel M., Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C., Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E., Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Nerem, R. Steven, Nias, Isabel J., Nieves, Veronica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G., Ray, Richard D., Rounce, David R., Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Helene, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, William V., Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, Nadya, Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N., and Willis, Michael J.
- Abstract
Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Reviews of Geophysics 58(3), (2020): e2019RG000672, doi:10.1029/2019RG000672., Global sea level provides an important indicator of the state of the warming climate, but changes in regional sea level are most relevant for coastal communities around the world. With improvements to the sea‐level observing system, the knowledge of regional sea‐level change has advanced dramatically in recent years. Satellite measurements coupled with in situ observations have allowed for comprehensive study and improved understanding of the diverse set of drivers that lead to variations in sea level in space and time. Despite the advances, gaps in the understanding of contemporary sea‐level change remain and inhibit the ability to predict how the relevant processes may lead to future change. These gaps arise in part due to the complexity of the linkages between the drivers of sea‐level change. Here we review the individual processes which lead to sea‐level change and then describe how they combine and vary regionally. The intent of the paper is to provide an overview of the current state of understanding of the processes that cause regional sea‐level change and to identify and discuss limitations and uncertainty in our understanding of these processes. Areas where the lack of understanding or gaps in knowledge inhibit the ability to provide the needed information for comprehensive planning efforts are of particular focus. Finally, a goal of this paper is to highlight the role of the expanded sea‐level observation network—particularly as related to satellite observations—in the improved scientific understanding of the contributors to regional sea‐level change., The research was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The authors acknowledge support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grants 80NSSC17K0565, 80NSSC170567, 80NSSC17K0566, 80NSSC17K0564, and NNX17AB27G. A. A. acknowledges support under GRACE/GRACEFO Science Team Grant (NNH15ZDA001N‐GRACE). T. W. acknowledges support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under the New (Early Career) Investigator Program in Earth Science (Grant: 80NSSC18K0743). C. G. P was supported by the J. Lamar Worzel Assistant Scientist Fund and the Penzance Endowed Fund in Support of Assistant Scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
- Published
- 2020
47. Future climate response to Antarctic Ice Sheet melt caused by anthropogenic warming
- Author
-
Sadai, Shaina, Condron, Alan, DeConto, Robert M., Pollard, David, Sadai, Shaina, Condron, Alan, DeConto, Robert M., and Pollard, David
- Abstract
© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Sadai, S., Condron, A., DeConto, R., & Pollard, D. Future climate response to Antarctic Ice Sheet melt caused by anthropogenic warming. Science Advances, 6(39), (2020): eaaz1169, doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz1169., Meltwater and ice discharge from a retreating Antarctic Ice Sheet could have important impacts on future global climate. Here, we report on multi-century (present–2250) climate simulations performed using a coupled numerical model integrated under future greenhouse-gas emission scenarios IPCC RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, with meltwater and ice discharge provided by a dynamic-thermodynamic ice sheet model. Accounting for Antarctic discharge raises subsurface ocean temperatures by >1°C at the ice margin relative to simulations ignoring discharge. In contrast, expanded sea ice and 2° to 10°C cooler surface air and surface ocean temperatures in the Southern Ocean delay the increase of projected global mean anthropogenic warming through 2250. In addition, the projected loss of Arctic winter sea ice and weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation are delayed by several decades. Our results demonstrate a need to accurately account for meltwater input from ice sheets in order to make confident climate predictions., This research was supported by the NSF Office of Polar Programs through NSF grant 1443347, the Biological and Environmental Research (BER) division of the U.S. Department of Energy through grant DE-SC0019263, the NSF through ICER 1664013, and by a grant to the NASA Sea Level Science Team 80NSSC17K0698.
- Published
- 2020
48. Pliocene–Pleistocene megafloods as a mechanism for Greenlandic megacanyon formation: REPLY
- Author
-
Keisling, Benjamin A., Nielsen, Lisbeth T., Hvidberg, Christine S., Nuterman, Roman, Deconto, Robert M., Keisling, Benjamin A., Nielsen, Lisbeth T., Hvidberg, Christine S., Nuterman, Roman, and Deconto, Robert M.
- Published
- 2020
49. Pliocene–Pleistocene megafloods as a mechanism for Greenlandic megacanyon formation
- Author
-
Keisling, B.A., Nielsen, Lisbeth Tangaa, Hvidberg, Christine Schøtt, Nuterman, Roman, DeConto, Robert M., Keisling, B.A., Nielsen, Lisbeth Tangaa, Hvidberg, Christine Schøtt, Nuterman, Roman, and DeConto, Robert M.
- Abstract
The Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) covers a complex network of canyons thought to be preglacial and fluvial in origin, implying that these features have influenced the ice sheet since its inception. The largest of these canyons terminates in northwest Greenland at the outlet of the Petermann Glacier. Yet, the genesis of this canyon, and similar features in northern Greenland, remains unknown. Here, we present numerical model simulations of early GrIS history and show that interactions among climate, the growing ice sheet, and preexisting topography may have contributed to the excavation of the canyon via repeated catastrophic outburst floods. Our results have implications for interpreting sedimentary and geomorphic features beneath the GrIS and around its marine margins, and they document a novel mechanism for landscape erosion in Greenland.
- Published
- 2020
50. Understanding of Contemporary Regional Sea‐Level Change and the Implications for the Future
- Author
-
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Hamlington, Benjamin D., Gardner, Alex S., Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan T.M., Reager, J.T., Trossman, David S., Zaron, Edward, Adhikari, Jan T.M., Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D., Bekaert, David P.S., Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don, Chandanpurka, Hrishikesh A., Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I., Deconto, Robert M., Fasullo, John T., Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Gilford, Daniel M., Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C., Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E., Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Nerem, R. Steven, Nias, Isabel J., Nieves, Verònica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G., Ray, Richard D., Rounce, David R., Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Helene, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, W., Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, N., Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N., Willis, Michael J., Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Hamlington, Benjamin D., Gardner, Alex S., Ivins, Erik, Lenaerts, Jan T.M., Reager, J.T., Trossman, David S., Zaron, Edward, Adhikari, Jan T.M., Arendt, Anthony, Aschwanden, Andy, Beckley, Brian D., Bekaert, David P.S., Blewitt, Geoffrey, Caron, Lambert, Chambers, Don, Chandanpurka, Hrishikesh A., Christianson, Knut, Csatho, Beata, Cullather, Richard I., Deconto, Robert M., Fasullo, John T., Frederikse, Thomas, Freymueller, Jeffrey T., Gilford, Daniel M., Girotto, Manuela, Hammond, William C., Hock, Regine, Holschuh, Nicholas, Kopp, Robert E., Landerer, Felix, Larour, Eric, Menemenlis, Dimitris, Merrifield, Mark, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Nerem, R. Steven, Nias, Isabel J., Nieves, Verònica, Nowicki, Sophie, Pangaluru, Kishore, Piecuch, Christopher G., Ray, Richard D., Rounce, David R., Schlegel, Nicole‐Jeanne, Seroussi, Helene, Shirzaei, Manoochehr, Sweet, W., Velicogna, Isabella, Vinogradova, N., Wahl, Thomas, Wiese, David N., and Willis, Michael J.
- Abstract
Global sea level provides an important indicator of the state of the warming climate, but changes in regional sea level are most relevant for coastal communities around the world. With improvements to the sea‐level observing system, the knowledge of regional sea‐level change has advanced dramatically in recent years. Satellite measurements coupled with in situ observations have allowed for comprehensive study and improved understanding of the diverse set of drivers that lead to variations in sea level in space and time. Despite the advances, gaps in the understanding of contemporary sea‐level change remain and inhibit the ability to predict how the relevant processes may lead to future change. These gaps arise in part due to the complexity of the linkages between the drivers of sea‐level change. Here we review the individual processes which lead to sea‐level change and then describe how they combine and vary regionally. The intent of the paper is to provide an overview of the current state of understanding of the processes that cause regional sea‐level change and to identify and discuss limitations and uncertainty in our understanding of these processes. Areas where the lack of understanding or gaps in knowledge inhibit the ability to provide the needed information for comprehensive planning efforts are of particular focus. Finally, a goal of this paper is to highlight the role of the expanded sea‐level observation network—particularly as related to satellite observations—in the improved scientific understanding of the contributors to regional sea‐level change
- Published
- 2020
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