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There is a lack of feeding-assessments tools for neurological patients in Slovenia. The purpose of the study was to explore the use of the McGill Ingestive Skills Assessment (MISA) in occupational therapy of patients with neurological impairments. Eighty-one adult patients were included in the study: 27 rehabilitation inpatients and 54 from a residential program for the elderly. Patients with dementia scored the lowest on average (56 % of the maximum possible score). Positioning received the lowest average score among feeding categories (48 %). The difference in the average score between the two patient groups was statistically significant, whereby rehabilitation inpatients scored higher on average by 15 %. Positioning was statistically significantly positively associated with other areas of feeding (ability to self-feed, ingestion of liquid and solid foods, texture management of liquid and solid foods). The patients' ability to eat independently therefore seems to be affected by their diagnosis as well as the type of health-care setting. Positioning appears to play a crucial role in achieving independence with feeding. The MISA is a promising assessment tool for neurological patients in Slovenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]