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1. Neuroanatomical dimensions in medication-free individuals with major depressive disorder and treatment response to SSRI antidepressant medications or placebo

Author

Fu, Cynthia H. Y., Antoniades, Mathilde, Erus, Guray, Garcia, Jose A., Fan, Yong, Arnone, Danilo, Arnott, Stephen R., Chen, Taolin, Choi, Ki Sueng, Fatt, Cherise Chin, Frey, Benicio N., Frokjaer, Vibe G., Ganz, Melanie, Godlewska, Beata R., Hassel, Stefanie, Ho, Keith, McIntosh, Andrew M., Qin, Kun, Rotzinger, Susan, Sacchet, Matthew D., Savitz, Jonathan, Shou, Haochang, Singh, Ashish, Stolicyn, Aleks, Strigo, Irina, Strother, Stephen C., Tosun, Duygu, Victor, Teresa A., Wei, Dongtao, Wise, Toby, Zahn, Roland, Anderson, Ian M., Craighead, W. Edward, Deakin, J. F. William, Dunlop, Boadie W., Elliott, Rebecca, Gong, Qiyong, Gotlib, Ian H., Harmer, Catherine J., Kennedy, Sidney H., Knudsen, Gitte M., Mayberg, Helen S., Paulus, Martin P., Qiu, Jiang, Trivedi, Madhukar H., Whalley, Heather C., Yan, Chao-Gan, Young, Allan H., and Davatzikos, Christos

Published
2024
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2. Publisher Correction: Neuroanatomical dimensions in medication-free individuals with major depressive disorder and treatment response to SSRI antidepressant medications or placebo

Author

Fu, Cynthia H. Y., Antoniades, Mathilde, Erus, Guray, Garcia, Jose A., Fan, Yong, Arnone, Danilo, Arnott, Stephen R., Chen, Taolin, Choi, Ki Sueng, Fatt, Cherise Chin, Frey, Benicio N., Frokjaer, Vibe G., Ganz, Melanie, Godlewska, Beata R., Hassel, Stefanie, Ho, Keith, McIntosh, Andrew M., Qin, Kun, Rotzinger, Susan, Sacchet, Matthew D., Savitz, Jonathan, Shou, Haochang, Singh, Ashish, Stolicyn, Aleks, Strigo, Irina, Strother, Stephen C., Tosun, Duygu, Victor, Teresa A., Wei, Dongtao, Wise, Toby, Zahn, Roland, Anderson, Ian M., Craighead, W. Edward, Deakin, J. F. William, Dunlop, Boadie W., Elliott, Rebecca, Gong, Qiyong, Gotlib, Ian H., Harmer, Catherine J., Kennedy, Sidney H., Knudsen, Gitte M., Mayberg, Helen S., Paulus, Martin P., Qiu, Jiang, Trivedi, Madhukar H., Whalley, Heather C., Yan, Chao-Gan, Young, Allan H., and Davatzikos, Christos

Published
2024
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3. A leaky umbrella has little value: evidence clearly indicates the serotonin system is implicated in depression

Author

Jauhar, Sameer, Arnone, Danilo, Baldwin, David S., Bloomfield, Michael, Browning, Michael, Cleare, Anthony J., Corlett, Phillip, Deakin, J. F. William, Erritzoe, David, Fu, Cynthia, Fusar-Poli, Paolo, Goodwin, Guy M., Hayes, Joseph, Howard, Robert, Howes, Oliver D., Juruena, Mario F., Lam, Raymond W., Lawrie, Stephen M., McAllister-Williams, Hamish, Marwaha, Steven, Matuskey, David, McCutcheon, Robert A., Nutt, David J., Pariante, Carmine, Pillinger, Toby, Radhakrishnan, Rajiv, Rucker, James, Selvaraj, Sudhakar, Stokes, Paul, Upthegrove, Rachel, Yalin, Nefize, Yatham, Lakshmi, Young, Allan H., Zahn, Roland, and Cowen, Philip J.

Published
2023
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4. AI-based dimensional neuroimaging system for characterizing heterogeneity in brain structure and function in major depressive disorder: COORDINATE-MDD consortium design and rationale

Author

Fu, Cynthia H. Y., Erus, Guray, Fan, Yong, Antoniades, Mathilde, Arnone, Danilo, Arnott, Stephen R., Chen, Taolin, Choi, Ki Sueng, Fatt, Cherise Chin, Frey, Benicio N., Frokjaer, Vibe G., Ganz, Melanie, Garcia, Jose, Godlewska, Beata R., Hassel, Stefanie, Ho, Keith, McIntosh, Andrew M., Qin, Kun, Rotzinger, Susan, Sacchet, Matthew D., Savitz, Jonathan, Shou, Haochang, Singh, Ashish, Stolicyn, Aleks, Strigo, Irina, Strother, Stephen C., Tosun, Duygu, Victor, Teresa A., Wei, Dongtao, Wise, Toby, Woodham, Rachel D., Zahn, Roland, Anderson, Ian M., Deakin, J. F. William, Dunlop, Boadie W., Elliott, Rebecca, Gong, Qiyong, Gotlib, Ian H., Harmer, Catherine J., Kennedy, Sidney H., Knudsen, Gitte M., Mayberg, Helen S., Paulus, Martin P., Qiu, Jiang, Trivedi, Madhukar H., Whalley, Heather C., Yan, Chao-Gan, Young, Allan H., and Davatzikos, Christos

Published
2023
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6. The neuropsychology of decision-making

Author

Deakin, J. B.

Subjects
150.724
Abstract

This thesis is concerned with emotional decision-making and impulsivity. In a series of experiments, the processes involved in emotional decision-making were investigated. Techniques used included both established, neuropsychologically validated tasks known to be dependent on frontal lobe function, and an entirely novel paradigm. A probabilistic decision-making and gambling task has been widely used to delineate the differences between pathological groups and normal volunteers, and attempts to distinguish between different components of impulsivity. In a large cohort of healthy volunteers, older volunteers took longer to make poorer decisions but risked less when gambling. This pattern of changes is unlike the patterns demonstrated by any of the pathological groups previously reported. A factor analysis of the results suggest that the variability across healthy volunteers on the four measures of impulsivity provided by the task can be explained by two orthogonal components, only one of these is influenced by age. Delay aversion is an unusual phenomenon in adult humans. A new task was designed so that optimal choice and delay-averse behaviour could be distinguished. In previous delay aversion tasks, volunteers can either pick the best option and be delay tolerant or the less optimal choice and be delay-averse. I predicted that one would be able to detect smaller variations in delay aversion when there was less of a cost to the delay-averse choice. Normal adults chose optimally and did not demonstrate delay aversion. When age-groups were compared it was seen that older adults did not choose optimally, but in fact choose the sub-optimal and most delay-tolerant option. A group of individuals known to have a decision-making deficit are those with frontal variant frontotemporal dementia. It was hypothesised that this was due to a lack of availability of 5-HT which could be corrected by paroxetine. A double-blind randomised controlled trial was used to detect improved performance on this task (and other tasks sensitive to tryptophan depletion) as well as any change in symptoms using a course of paroxetine (an SSRI). Paroxetine did not improve symptoms and in fact impaired test performance. Surprisingly, long term administration of paroxetine produced a pattern of effects on the test battery which was almost indistinguishable from that of tryptophan depletion. Diazepam is known to have receptors distributed throughout the prefrontal cortex but its effects on tests of orbitofrontal function have never before been examined. In contrast to the well-known sedative effects of diazepam, I demonstrate disinhibitory effects on two speeded reaction time tasks. It is shown that diazepam can impair performance on reaction time tasks both by impairing sensitivity and by increasing the bias to respond. Furthermore diazepam impaired performance on tests of frontal lobe function including both tests of planning and decision-making that depend predominantly on dorsolateral and orbitofrontal regions of the PFC respectively. In summary, a variety of factors have been found that impinge on decision-making. It is demonstrated that older adults are less able to make an optimal choice both when deciding between rewards of different probabilities and when deciding between rewards which come after a different delay. Volunteers who take diazepam are more likely to pick the larger reward associated with the less optimal choice than normal volunteers and demonstrate impulsive behaviour in two speeded reaction time tests. Paroxetine had no effect on decision-making in an impaired group of volunteers with frontotemporal dementia but had a paradoxical effect of impairing performance in tasks that are impaired by damage to orbitofrontal cortex and by tryptophan depletion. Possible neuronal substrates for these effects are discussed, as are explanations for the surprising effects of paroxetine and future directions in therapeutics. Finally a tentative neurochemical and anatomical model is detailed that would account for the effects described here.

Published
2005

8. A leaky umbrella has little value:evidence clearly indicates the serotonin system is implicated in depression

Author

Jauhar, Sameer, Arnone, Danilo, Baldwin, David S, Bloomfield, Michael, Browning, Michael, Cleare, Anthony J, Corlett, Phillip, Deakin, J F William, Erritzoe, David, Fu, Cynthia, Fusar-Poli, Paolo, Goodwin, Guy M, Hayes, Joseph, Howard, Robert, Howes, Oliver D, Juruena, Mario F, Lawrie, Stephen M, McAllister-Williams, Hamish, Marwaha, Steven, Matuskey, David, McCutcheon, Robert A, Nutt, David J, Pariante, Carmine, Pillinger, Toby, Radhakrishnan, Rajiv, Rucker, James, Selvaraj, Sudhakar, Stokes, Paul, Upthegrove, Rachel, Yalin, Nefize, Yatham, Lakshmi, Young, Allan H, Zahn, Roland, and Cowen, Philip J

Published
2023

11. Collaborative meta-analysis finds no evidence of a strong interaction between stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype contributing to the development of depression

Author

Culverhouse, R C, Saccone, N L, Horton, A C, Ma, Y, Anstey, K J, Banaschewski, T, Burmeister, M, Cohen-Woods, S, Etain, B, Fisher, H L, Goldman, N, Guillaume, S, Horwood, J, Juhasz, G, Lester, K J, Mandelli, L, Middeldorp, C M, Olié, E, Villafuerte, S, Air, T M, Araya, R, Bowes, L, Burns, R, Byrne, E M, Coffey, C, Coventry, W L, Gawronski, K AB, Glei, D, Hatzimanolis, A, Hottenga, J-J, Jaussent, I, Jawahar, C, Jennen-Steinmetz, C, Kramer, J R, Lajnef, M, Little, K, zu Schwabedissen, H M, Nauck, M, Nederhof, E, Petschner, P, Peyrot, W J, Schwahn, C, Sinnamon, G, Stacey, D, Tian, Y, Toben, C, Van der Auwera, S, Wainwright, N, Wang, J-C, Willemsen, G, Anderson, I M, Arolt, V, Åslund, C, Bagdy, G, Baune, B T, Bellivier, F, Boomsma, D I, Courtet, P, Dannlowski, U, de Geus, E JC, Deakin, J FW, Easteal, S, Eley, T, Fergusson, D M, Goate, A M, Gonda, X, Grabe, H J, Holzman, C, Johnson, E O, Kennedy, M, Laucht, M, Martin, N G, Munafò, M R, Nilsson, K W, Oldehinkel, A J, Olsson, C A, Ormel, J, Otte, C, Patton, G C, Penninx, B WJH, Ritchie, K, Sarchiapone, M, Scheid, J M, Serretti, A, Smit, J H, Stefanis, N C, Surtees, P G, Völzke, H, Weinstein, M, Whooley, M, Nurnberger, J I, Jr, Breslau, N, and Bierut, L J

Published
2018
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13. 257 Reduction in EMS response times for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using drone-like flying ambulances in large urban areas in France and Canada: An international, quasi-experimental study

Author

Heidet, M, primary, Leung, KHB, additional, Grunau, B, additional, Chan, TCY, additional, Deakin, J, additional, Bougoin, W, additional, Hubert, H, additional, Jost, D, additional, Frattini, B, additional, Mermet, E, additional, Vaux, J, additional, Christenson, J, additional, El Khoury, C, additional, and Lecarpentier, E, additional

Published
2022
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15. Understanding Seniors' Perceptions and Stereotypes of Aging

Author

Horton, Sean, Baker, J., Cote, J., and Deakin, J. M.

Abstract

Research suggests there is a connection between stereotypes, beliefs, and behavior in older individuals. To explore this link of stereotypes affecting beliefs and beliefs affecting behavior, we interviewed young (age 60 to 75) seniors in an effort to further examine these relationships. Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 seniors. Questions focused on the broad themes of aging stereotypes and attitudes towards active living. Responses from the participants indicated the variety of opinions and beliefs seniors hold about the aging process. Intriguing results emerged on the topic of role models. Participants often had someone in their lives who represented what it means to age successfully. Generally, this was an individual older than themselves, active, vigorous, and illustrative of the high quality of life that is possible into a very late age. In addition, these individuals provide a direct contrast to the most negative stereotypes of aging. (Contains 1 table.)

Published
2008
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16. Stereotypes of Aging: Their Effects on the Health of Seniors in North American Society

Author

Horton, Sean, Baker, J., and Deakin, J. M.

Abstract

Seniors are routinely subjected to negative stereotypes regarding their physical and cognitive abilities. The power and prevalence of cultural stereotypes of aging essentially results in a "double-whammy" to seniors. First, they influence the way that seniors are treated by society. Second, cultural stereotypes affect how seniors see themselves. The ramifications here are important, for research suggests that stereotypes influence decisions to engage in cognitive and physical activity, the ability to recover from disease and, ultimately, the length and quality of life. Considering the demographic trends in North America, finding ways to effectively minimize and counteract the most negative stereotypes remains a pressing social concern.

Published
2007
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17. Oxytocin enhances basolateral amygdala activation and functional connectivity while processing emotional faces: preliminary findings in autistic versus non-autistic women

Author

Procyshyn, Tanya, Lombardo, Michael, Lai, MC, Jassim, Nazia, Auyeung, Bonnie, Crockford, Sarah, Deakin, J, Soubramanian, Sentil, Sule, Akeem, Terburg, David, Baron-Cohen, S, Bethlehem, R, Procyshyn, Tanya [0000-0003-1266-6697], Baron-Cohen, Simon [0000-0001-9217-2544], Bethlehem, Richard [0000-0002-0714-0685], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Male, Cross-Over Studies, emotional face processing, Basolateral Nuclear Complex, Emotions, autism, salience, Amygdala, Oxytocin, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Humans, Female, basolateral amygdala, Administration, Intranasal
Abstract

Oxytocin is hypothesized to promote social interactions by enhancing the salience of social stimuli. While previous neuroimaging studies have reported that oxytocin enhances amygdala activation to face stimuli in autistic men, effects in autistic women remain unclear. In this study, the influence of intranasal oxytocin on activation and functional connectivity of the basolateral amygdala – the brain’s “salience detector” – while processing emotional faces vs. shapes was tested in 16 autistic and 21 non-autistic women by fMRI in a placebo-controlled, within-subjects, cross-over design. In the placebo condition, minimal activation differences were observed between autistic and non-autistic women. However, significant drug × group interactions were observed for both basolateral amygdala activation and functional connectivity. Oxytocin increased left basolateral amygdala activation among autistic women (35 voxel cluster, MNI coordinates of peak voxel= -22 -10 -28; mean change=+0.079%, t=3.159, ptukey=0.0166), but not non-autistic women (mean change =+0.003%, t=0.153, ptukey=0.999). Furthermore, oxytocin increased functional connectivity of the right basolateral amygdala with brain regions associated with socio-emotional information processing in autistic women, but not non-autistic women, attenuating group differences in the placebo condition. Taken together, these findings extend evidence of oxytocin’s effects on the amygdala to specifically include autistic women and specify the subregion of the effect.

Published
2022
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26. Oxytocin enhances basolateral amygdala activation and functional connectivity in autistic women while processing emotional faces

Author

Procyshyn, Tanya, primary, Lombardo, MIchael, additional, Lai, Meng-Chuan, additional, Jassim, Nazia, additional, Auyeung, Bonnie, additional, Crockford, Sarah, additional, Deakin, J, additional, Soubramanian, S, additional, Sule, Akeem, additional, Terburg, David, additional, Baron-Cohen, Simon, additional, and Bethlehem, Richard A.I., additional

Published
2021
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