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1. Distributed Quantum Computing in Silicon

Author

Inc, Photonic, Afzal, Francis, Akhlaghi, Mohsen, Beale, Stefanie J., Bedroya, Olinka, Bell, Kristin, Bergeron, Laurent, Bonsma-Fisher, Kent, Bychkova, Polina, Chaisson, Zachary M. E., Chartrand, Camille, Clear, Chloe, Darcie, Adam, DeAbreu, Adam, DeLisle, Colby, Duncan, Lesley A., Smith, Chad Dundas, Dunn, John, Ebrahimi, Amir, Evetts, Nathan, Pinheiro, Daker Fernandes, Fuentes, Patricio, Georgiou, Tristen, Guha, Biswarup, Haenel, Rafael, Higginbottom, Daniel, Jackson, Daniel M., Jahed, Navid, Khorshidahmad, Amin, Shandilya, Prasoon K., Kurkjian, Alexander T. K., Lauk, Nikolai, Lee-Hone, Nicholas R., Lin, Eric, Litynskyy, Rostyslav, Lock, Duncan, Ma, Lisa, MacGilp, Iain, MacQuarrie, Evan R., Mar, Aaron, Khah, Alireza Marefat, Matiash, Alex, Meyer-Scott, Evan, Michaels, Cathryn P., Motira, Juliana, Noori, Narwan Kabir, Ospadov, Egor, Patel, Ekta, Patscheider, Alexander, Paulson, Danny, Petruk, Ariel, Ravindranath, Adarsh L., Reznychenko, Bogdan, Ruether, Myles, Ruscica, Jeremy, Saxena, Kunal, Schaller, Zachary, Seidlitz, Alex, Senger, John, Lee, Youn Seok, Sevoyan, Orbel, Simmons, Stephanie, Soykal, Oney, Stott, Leea, Tran, Quyen, Tserkis, Spyros, Ulhaq, Ata, Vine, Wyatt, Weeks, Russ, Wolfowicz, Gary, and Yoneda, Isao

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Commercially impactful quantum algorithms such as quantum chemistry and Shor's algorithm require a number of qubits and gates far beyond the capacity of any existing quantum processor. Distributed architectures, which scale horizontally by networking modules, provide a route to commercial utility and will eventually surpass the capability of any single quantum computing module. Such processors consume remote entanglement distributed between modules to realize distributed quantum logic. Networked quantum computers will therefore require the capability to rapidly distribute high fidelity entanglement between modules. Here we present preliminary demonstrations of some key distributed quantum computing protocols on silicon T centres in isotopically-enriched silicon. We demonstrate the distribution of entanglement between modules and consume it to apply a teleported gate sequence, establishing a proof-of-concept for T centres as a distributed quantum computing and networking platform., Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures

Published
2024

2. Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK)

Author

Menon, Shina, Krallman, Kelli A, Arikan, Ayse A, Fuhrman, Dana Y, Gorga, Stephen M, Mottes, Theresa, Ollberding, Nicholas, Ricci, Zaccaria, Stanski, Natalja L, Selewski, David T, Soranno, Danielle E, Zappitelli, Michael, Zang, Huaiyu, Gist, Katja M, Investigators, WE-ROCK, Ahern, Emily, Arikan, Ayse Akcan, Alhamoud, Issa, Alobaidi, Rashid, Anton-Martin, Pilar, Balani, Shanthi S, Barhight, Matthew, Basalely, Abby, Bigelow, Amee M, Bottari, Gabriella, Cappoli, Andrea, Ciccia, Eileen A, Collins, Michaela, Colosimo, Denise, Cortina, Gerard, Damian, Mihaela A, De la Mata Navazo, Sara, DeAbreu, Gabrielle, Deep, Akash, Ding, Kathy L, Dolan, Kristin J, Lafever, Sarah N Fernandez, Gelbart, Ben, Guzzi, Francesco, Guzzo, Isabella, Haga, Taiki, Harvey, Elizabeth, Hasson, Denise C, Hill-Horowitz, Taylor, Inthavong, Haleigh, Joseph, Catherine, Kaddourah, Ahmad, Kakajiwala, Aadil, Kessel, Aaron D, Korn, Sarah, Kwiatkowski, David M, Lee, Jasmine, Lequier, Laurance, Kia, Tina Madani, Mah, Kenneth E, Marinari, Eleonora, Martin, Susan D, Mohamed, Tahagod H, Morgan, Catherine, Mottes, Theresa A, Muff-Luett, Melissa A, Namachivayam, Siva, Neumayr, Tara M, Nhan, Jennifer, O'Rourke, Abigail, Ollberding, Nicholas J, Pinto, Matthew G, Qutob, Dua, Raggi, Valeria, Reynaud, Stephanie, Rumlow, Zachary A, Lozano, María J Santiago, See, Emily, Serpe, Carmela, Serratore, Alyssa, Shah, Ananya, Shih, Weiwen V, Shin, H Stella, Slagle, Cara L, Solomon, Sonia, Srivastava, Rachana, Starr, Michelle C, Stenson, Erin K, Strong, Amy E, Taylor, Susan A, Thadani, Sameer V, Uber, Amanda M, Van Wyk, Brynna, Webb, Tennille N, and Zangla, Emily E

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Pediatric, Prevention, Kidney Disease, Clinical Research, Renal and urogenital, Good Health and Well Being, WE-ROCK Investigators, WE-ROCK, acute kidney injury, continuous renal replacement therapy, database, fluid overload, pediatric, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

IntroductionContinuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is used for the symptomatic management of acute kidney injury (AKI) and fluid overload (FO). Contemporary reports on pediatric CRRT are small and single center in design. Large international studies evaluating CRRT practice and outcomes are lacking. Herein, we describe the design of a multinational collaborative.MethodsThe Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK) is an international collaborative of pediatric specialists whose mission is to improve short- and long-term outcomes of children treated with CRRT. The aims of this multicenter retrospective study are to describe the epidemiology, liberation patterns, association of fluid balance and timing of CRRT initiation, and CRRT prescription with outcomes.ResultsWe included children (n = 996, 0-25 years) admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) and treated with CRRT for AKI or FO at 32 centers (in 7 countries) from 2018 to 2021. Demographics and clinical characteristics before CRRT initiation, during the first 7 days of both CRRT, and liberation were collected. Outcomes include the following: (i) major adverse kidney events at 90 days (mortality, dialysis dependence, and persistent kidney dysfunction), and (ii) functional outcomes (functional stats scale).ConclusionThe retrospective WE-ROCK study represents the largest international registry of children receiving CRRT for AKI or FO. It will serve as a broad and invaluable resource for the field of pediatric critical care nephrology that will improve our understanding of practice heterogeneity and the association of CRRT with clinical and patient-centered outcomes. This will generate preliminary data for future interventional trials in this area.

Published
2023

3. Elective pelvic nodal irradiation in the setting of ultrahypofractionated versus moderately hypofractionated and conventionally fractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer: Outcomes from 3 prospective clinical trials

Author

Rachel M. Glicksman, Andrew Loblaw, Gerard Morton, Danny Vesprini, Ewa Szumacher, Hans T. Chung, William Chu, Stanley K. Liu, Chia-Lin Tseng, Melanie Davidson, Andrea Deabreu, Alexandre Mamedov, Liying Zhang, and Patrick Cheung

Subjects
Ultrahypofractionation, Stereotactic body radiotherapy, Elective nodal irradiation, High-risk prostate cancer, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Background and purpose: Data is needed regarding the use of ultrahypofractionated radiotherapy (UHRT) in the context of prostate cancer elective nodal irradiation (ENI), and how this compares to conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) ENI with CFRT or moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy (MHRT) to the prostate. Materials and methods: Between 2011–2019, 3 prospective clinical trials of unfavourable intermediate or high-risk prostate cancer receiving CFRT (78 Gy in 39 fractions to prostate; 46 Gy in 23 fractions to pelvis), MHRT (68 Gy in 25 fractions to prostate; 48 Gy to pelvis), or UHRT (35–40 Gy in 5 fractions to prostate +/- boost to 50 Gy to intraprostatic lesion; 25 Gy to pelvis) were conducted. Primary endpoints included biochemical failure (Phoenix definition), and acute and late toxicities (CTCAE v3.0/4.0). Results: Two-hundred-forty patients were enrolled: 90 (37.5 %) had CFRT, 90 (37.5 %) MHRT, and 60 (25 %) UHRT. Median follow-up time was 71.6 months (IQR 53.6–94.8). Cumulative incidence of biochemical failure (95 % CI) at 5-years was 11.7 % (3.5–19.8 %) for CFRT, 6.5 % (0.8–12.2 %) MHRT, and 1.8 % (0–5.2 %) UHRT, which was not significantly different between treatments (p = 0.38). Acute grade ≥ 2 genitourinary toxicity was significantly worse for UHRT versus CFRT and MHRT, but not for acute grade ≥ 3 genitourinary, or acute gastrointestinal toxicities. UHRT was not associated with worse late toxicities. Conclusion: ENI with UHRT resulted in similar oncologic outcomes to CFRT ENI with prostate CFRT/MHRT, with worse acute grade ≥ 2 GU toxicity but no differences in late toxicity. Randomized phase 3 trials of ENI using UHRT techniques are much anticipated.

Published
2024
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4. The Association Between Vasopressin and Adverse Kidney Outcomes in Children and Young Adults Requiring Vasopressors on Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Author

Denise C. Hasson, MD, Katja M. Gist, DO, MSc, JangDong Seo, PhD, Erin K. Stenson, MD, Aaron Kessel, MD, MS, Taiki Haga, MD, MSc, Sara LaFever, MD, PhD, Maria Jose Santiago, MD, PhD, Matthew Barhight, MD, MS, David Selewski, MD, MSCR, Zaccaria Ricci, MD, Nicholas J. Ollberding, PhD, Natalja L. Stanski, MD, on behalf of the Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK) Collaborative, Emily Ahern, CPNP, DNP, Ayse Akcan Arikan, MD, Issa Alhamoud, MD, Rashid Alobaidi, MD, MSc, Pilar Anton-Martin, MD, PhD, Shanthi S. Balani, MD, Abby Basalely, MD, MS, Amee M. Bigelow, MD, MS, Gabriella Bottari, MD, Andrea Cappoli, MD, Eileen A. Ciccia, MD, Michaela Collins, BA, Denise Colosimo, MD, Gerard Cortina, MD, Mihaela A. Damian, MD, MPH, Sara De la Mata Navazo, MD, Gabrielle DeAbreu, MD, Akash Deep, MD, Kathy L. Ding, BS, Kristin J. Dolan, MD, Sarah N. Fernandez Lafever, MD, PhD, Dana Y. Fuhrman, DO, MS, Ben Gelbart, MBBS, Stephen M. Gorga, MD, MSc, Francesco Guzzi, MD, Isabella Guzzo, MD, Taiki Haga, MD, Elizabeth Harvey, MD, Taylor Hill-Horowitz, BS, Haleigh Inthavong, BS, MS, Catherine Joseph, MD, Ahmad Kaddourah, MD, MS, Aadil Kakajiwala, MD, MSCI, Aaron D. Kessel, MD, MS, Sarah Korn, DO, Kelli A. Krallman, BSN, MS, David M. Kwiatkowski, MD, Msc, Jasmine Lee, MSc, Laurance Lequier, MD, Tina Madani Kia, BS, Kenneth E. Mah, MD, MS, Eleonora Marinari, MD, Susan D. Martin, MD, Shina Menon, MD, Tahagod H. Mohamed, MD, Catherine Morgan, MD, MSc, Theresa A. Mottes, APRN, Melissa A. Muff-Luett, MD, Siva Namachivayam, MBBS, Tara M. Neumayr, MD, Jennifer Nhan Md, MS, Abigail O’Rourke, MD, Matthew G. Pinto, MD, Dua Qutob, MD, Valeria Raggi, MD, Stephanie Reynaud, MD, Zachary A. Rumlow, DO, María J. Santiago Lozano, MD, PhD, Emily See, MBBS, David T. Selewski, MD, MSCR, Carmela Serpe, MSc, PhD, Alyssa Serratore, RN, MsC, Ananya Shah, BS, Weiwen V. Shih, MD, H. Stella Shin, MD, Cara L. Slagle, MD, Sonia Solomon, DO, Danielle E. Soranno, MD, Rachana Srivastava, MD, Michelle C. Starr, MD, MPH, Amy E. Strong, MD, MSCE, Susan A. Taylor, MSc, Sameer V. Thadani, MD, Amanda M. Uber, DO, Brynna Van Wyk, ARNP, MSN, Tennille N. Webb, MD, MSPH, Huaiyu Zang, PhD, Emily E. Zangla, DO, Michael Zappitelli, MD, MSc, T. Christine, E. Alvarez, MHI, RN, Elizabeth Bixler, BS, Erica Blender Brown, MA, CRA, Cheryl L. Brown, BS, Ambra Burrell, BA, Anwesh Dash, BS, Jennifer L. Ehrlich, RN, MHA, Simrandeep Farma, HBSc, Kim Gahring, RN, BSN, CCRN, Barbara Gales, RN, Madison R. Hilgenkamp, Sonal Jain, MS, Kate Kanwar, BA, MS, Jennifer Lusk, BSN, RN, CCRN, Christopher J. Meyer, BA AA, Katherine Plomaritas, BSN, RN, Joshua Porter, BS, Jessica Potts, BSN, RN, Alyssa Serratore, BNurs, GDipNP(PIC), RN, MsC, Elizabeth Schneider, BS, Vidushi Sinha, BS, P. J. Strack, RN, BSN, CCRN, Sue Taylor, RN, Katherine Twombley, MD, Brynna Van Wyk, MSN, ARNP, CPNP, Samantha Wallace, MS, Janet Wang, BS, Megan Woods, BS, Marcia Zinger, RN, and Alison Zong, BS

Subjects
Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

OBJECTIVES:. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and shock are both associated with high morbidity and mortality in the ICU. Adult data suggest renoprotective effects of vasopressin vs. catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine). We aimed to determine whether vasopressin use during CRRT was associated with improved kidney outcomes in children and young adults. DESIGN:. Secondary analysis of Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK), a multicenter, retrospective cohort study. SETTING:. Neonatal, cardiac, PICUs at 34 centers internationally from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2021. PATIENTS/SUBJECTS:. Patients younger than 25 years receiving CRRT for acute kidney injury and/or fluid overload and requiring vasopressors. Patients receiving vasopressin were compared with patients receiving only norepinephrine/epinephrine. The impact of timing of vasopressin relative to CRRT start was assessed by categorizing patients as: early (on or before day 0), intermediate (days 1–2), and late (days 3–7). INTERVENTIONS:. None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:. Of 1016 patients, 665 (65%) required vasopressors in the first week of CRRT. Of 665, 248 (37%) received vasopressin, 473 (71%) experienced Major Adverse Kidney Events at 90 days (MAKE-90) (death, renal replacement therapy dependence, and/or > 125% increase in serum creatinine from baseline 90 days from CRRT initiation), and 195 (29%) liberated from CRRT on the first attempt within 28 days. Receipt of vasopressin was associated with higher odds of MAKE-90 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.80; 95% CI, 1.20–2.71; p = 0.005) but not liberation success. In the vasopressin group, intermediate/late initiation was associated with higher odds of MAKE-90 (aOR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.17–6.11; p = 0.02) compared with early initiation. CONCLUSIONS:. Nearly two-thirds of children and young adults receiving CRRT required vasopressors, including over one-third who received vasopressin. Receipt of vasopressin was associated with more MAKE-90, although earlier initiation in those who received it appears beneficial. Prospective studies are needed to understand the appropriate timing, dose, and subpopulation for use of vasopressin.

Published
2024
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5. Characteristics and Outcomes of Children and Young Adults With Sepsis Requiring Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: A Comparative Analysis From the Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK)*

Author

Stanski, Natalja L., Gist, Katja M., Hasson, Denise, Stenson, Erin K., Seo, JangDong, Ollberding, Nicholas J., Muff-Luett, Melissa, Cortina, Gerard, Alobaidi, Rashid, See, Emily, Kaddourah, Ahmad, Fuhrman, Dana Y., Ahern, Emily, Akcan Arikan, Ayse, Alhamoud, Issa, Alobaidi, Rashid, Anton-Martin, Pilar, Balani, Shanthi S., Barhight, Matthew, Basalely, Abby, Bigelow, Amee M., Bottari, Gabriella, Cappoli, Andrea, Ciccia, Eileen A., Collins, Michaela, Colosimo, Denise, Cortina, Gerard, Damian, Mihaela A., De la Mata Navazo, Sara, DeAbreu, Gabrielle, Deep, Akash, Ding, Kathy L., Dolan, Kristin J., Fernandez Lafever, Sarah N., Fuhrman, Dana Y., Gelbart, Ben, Gist, Katja M., Gorga, Stephen M., Guzzi, Francesco, Guzzo, Isabella, Haga, Taiki, Harvey, Elizabeth, Hasson, Denise C., Hill-Horowitz, Taylor, Inthavong, Haleigh, Joseph, Catherine, Kaddourah, Ahmad, Kakajiwala, Aadil, Kessel, Aaron D., Korn, Sarah, Krallman, Kelli A., Kwiatkowski, David M., Lee, Jasmine, Lequier, Laurance, Madani Kia, Tina, Mah, Kenneth E., Marinari, Eleonora, Martin, Susan D., Menon, Shina, Mohamed, Tahagod H., Morgan, Catherine, Mottes, Theresa A., Muff-Luett, Melissa A., Namachivayam, Siva, Neumayr, Tara M., Nhan, Jennifer, O’Rourke, Abigail, Ollberding, Nicholas J., Pinto, Matthew G., Qutob, Dua, Raggi, Valeria, Reynaud, Stephanie, Ricci, Zaccaria, Rumlow, Zachary A., Santiago Lozano, María J., See, Emily, Selewski, David T., Serpe, Carmela, Serratore, Alyssa, Shah, Ananya, Shih, Weiwen V., Stella Shin, H., Slagle, Cara L., Solomon, Sonia, Soranno, Danielle E., Srivastava, Rachana, Stanski, Natalja L., Starr, Michelle C., Stenson, Erin K., Strong, Amy E., Taylor, Susan A., Thadani, Sameer V., Uber, Amanda M., Van Wyk, Brynna, Webb, Tennille N., Zang, Huaiyu, Zangla, Emily E., Zappitelli, Michael, Alvarez, T. Christine E., Bixler, Elizabeth, Brown, Erica Blender, Brown, Cheryl L., Burrell, Ambra, Dash, Anwesh, Ehrlich, Jennifer L., Farma, Simrandeep, Gahring, Kim, Gales, Barbara, Hilgenkamp, Madison R., Jain, Sonal, Kanwar, Kate, Lusk, Jennifer, Meyer, Christopher J., Plomaritas, Katherine, Porter, Joshua, Potts, Jessica, Serratore, Alyssa, Schneider, Elizabeth, Sinha, Vidushi, Strack, P. J., Taylor, Sue, Twombley, Katherine, Van Wyk, Brynna, Wallace, Samantha, Wang, Janet, Woods, Megan, Zinger, Marcia, and Zong, Alison

Published
2024
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6. The Association Between Vasopressin and Adverse Kidney Outcomes in Children and Young Adults Requiring Vasopressors on Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Author

Hasson, Denise C., Gist, Katja M., Seo, JangDong, Stenson, Erin K., Kessel, Aaron, Haga, Taiki, LaFever, Sara, Santiago, Maria Jose, Barhight, Matthew, Selewski, David, Ricci, Zaccaria, Ollberding, Nicholas J., Stanski, Natalja L., Ahern, Emily, Akcan Arikan, Ayse, Alhamoud, Issa, Alobaidi, Rashid, Anton-Martin, Pilar, Balani, Shanthi S., Barhight, Matthew, Basalely, Abby, Bigelow, Amee M., Bottari, Gabriella, Cappoli, Andrea, Ciccia, Eileen A., Collins, Michaela, Colosimo, Denise, Cortina, Gerard, Damian, Mihaela A., De la Mata Navazo, Sara, DeAbreu, Gabrielle, Deep, Akash, Ding, Kathy L., Dolan, Kristin J., Fernandez Lafever, Sarah N., Fuhrman, Dana Y., Gelbart, Ben, Gist, Katja M., Gorga, Stephen M., Guzzi, Francesco, Guzzo, Isabella, Haga, Taiki, Harvey, Elizabeth, Hasson, Denise C., Hill-Horowitz, Taylor, Inthavong, Haleigh, Joseph, Catherine, Kaddourah, Ahmad, Kakajiwala, Aadil, Kessel, Aaron D., Korn, Sarah, Krallman, Kelli A., Kwiatkowski, David M., Lee, Jasmine, Lequier, Laurance, Madani Kia, Tina, Mah, Kenneth E., Marinari, Eleonora, Martin, Susan D., Menon, Shina, Mohamed, Tahagod H., Morgan, Catherine, Mottes, Theresa A., Muff-Luett, Melissa A., Namachivayam, Siva, Neumayr, Tara M., Nhan, Jennifer, O’Rourke, Abigail, Ollberding, Nicholas J., Pinto, Matthew G., Qutob, Dua, Raggi, Valeria, Reynaud, Stephanie, Ricci, Zaccaria, Rumlow, Zachary A., Santiago Lozano, María J., See, Emily, Selewski, David T., Serpe, Carmela, Serratore, Alyssa, Shah, Ananya, Shih, Weiwen V., Stella Shin, H., Slagle, Cara L., Solomon, Sonia, Soranno, Danielle E., Srivastava, Rachana, Stanski, Natalja L., Starr, Michelle C., Stenson, Erin K., Strong, Amy E., Taylor, Susan A., Thadani, Sameer V., Uber, Amanda M., Van Wyk, Brynna, Webb, Tennille N., Zang, Huaiyu, Zangla, Emily E., Zappitelli, Michael, Christine, T., Alvarez, E., Bixler, Elizabeth, Brown, Erica Blender, Brown, Cheryl L., Burrell, Ambra, Dash, Anwesh, Ehrlich, Jennifer L., Farma, Simrandeep, Gahring, Kim, Gales, Barbara, Hilgenkamp, Madison R., Jain, Sonal, Kanwar, Kate, Lusk, Jennifer, Meyer, Christopher J., Plomaritas, Katherine, Porter, Joshua, Potts, Jessica, Serratore, Alyssa, Schneider, Elizabeth, Sinha, Vidushi, Strack, P. J., Taylor, Sue, Twombley, Katherine, Van Wyk, Brynna, Wallace, Samantha, Wang, Janet, Woods, Megan, Zinger, Marcia, and Zong, Alison

Published
2024
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7. Waveguide-integrated silicon T centres

Author

DeAbreu, A., Bowness, C., Alizadeh, A., Chartrand, C., Brunelle, N. A., MacQuarrie, E. R., Lee-Hone, N. R., Ruether, M., Kazemi, M., Kurkjian, A. T. K., Roorda, S., Abrosimov, N. V., Pohl, H. -J., Thewalt, M. L. W., Higginbottom, D. B., and Simmons, S.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

The performance of modular, networked quantum technologies will be strongly dependent upon the quality of their quantum light-matter interconnects. Solid-state colour centres, and in particular T centres in silicon, offer competitive technological and commercial advantages as the basis for quantum networking technologies and distributed quantum computing. These newly rediscovered silicon defects offer direct telecommunications-band photonic emission, long-lived electron and nuclear spin qubits, and proven native integration into industry-standard, CMOS-compatible, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonic chips at scale. Here we demonstrate further levels of integration by characterizing T centre spin ensembles in single-mode waveguides in SOI. In addition to measuring long spin T_1 times, we report on the integrated centres' optical properties. We find that the narrow homogeneous linewidth of these waveguide-integrated emitters is already sufficiently low to predict the future success of remote spin-entangling protocols with only modest cavity Purcell enhancements. We show that further improvements may still be possible by measuring nearly lifetime-limited homogeneous linewidths in isotopically pure bulk crystals. In each case the measured linewidths are more than an order of magnitude lower than previously reported and further support the view that high-performance, large-scale distributed quantum technologies based upon T centres in silicon may be attainable in the near term.

Published
2022
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9. Elective pelvic nodal irradiation in the setting of ultrahypofractionated versus moderately hypofractionated and conventionally fractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer: Outcomes from 3 prospective clinical trials

Author

Glicksman, Rachel M., Loblaw, Andrew, Morton, Gerard, Vesprini, Danny, Szumacher, Ewa, Chung, Hans T., Chu, William, Liu, Stanley K., Tseng, Chia-Lin, Davidson, Melanie, Deabreu, Andrea, Mamedov, Alexandre, Zhang, Liying, and Cheung, Patrick

Published
2024
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12. Prostate high dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy for low and intermediate-risk prostate cancer: Efficacy results from a randomized phase II clinical trial of one fraction of 19 Gy or two fractions of 13.5 Gy: A 9-year update

Author

Hudson, John M., Loblaw, Andrew, McGuffin, Merrylee, Chung, Hans T., Tseng, Chia-Lin, Helou, Joelle, Cheung, Patrick, Szumacher, Ewa, Liu, Stanley, Zhang, Liying, Deabreu, Andrea, Mamedov, Alexandre, and Morton, Gerard

Published
2024
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13. Randomized Trial of Concomitant Hypofractionated Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy Boost Versus Conventionally Fractionated Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy Boost for Localized High-Risk Prostate Cancer (pHART2-RCT)

Author

Glicksman, Rachel M., Loblaw, Andrew, Morton, Gerard, Vesprini, Danny, Szumacher, Ewa, Chung, Hans T., Chu, William, Liu, Stanley K., Tseng, Chia-Lin, Correa, Rohann, Deabreu, Andrea, Mamedov, Alexandre, Zhang, Liying, and Cheung, Patrick

Published
2024
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14. Optical observation of single spins in silicon

Author

Kurkjian, A. T. K., Higginbottom, D. B., Chartrand, C., MacQuarrie, E. R., Klein, J. R., Lee-Hone, N. R., Stacho, J., Bowness, C., Bergeron, L., DeAbreu, A., Brunelle, N. A., Harrigan, S. R., Kanaganayagam, J., Kazemi, M., Marsden, D. W., Richards, T. S., Stott, L. A., Roorda, S., Morse, K. J., Thewalt, M. L. W., and Simmons, S.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

The global quantum internet will require long-lived, telecommunications band photon-matter interfaces manufactured at scale. Preliminary quantum networks based upon photon-matter interfaces which meet a subset of these demands are encouraging efforts to identify new high-performance alternatives. Silicon is an ideal host for commercial-scale solid-state quantum technologies. It is already an advanced platform within the global integrated photonics and microelectronics industries, as well as host to record-setting long-lived spin qubits. Despite the overwhelming potential of the silicon quantum platform, the optical detection of individually addressable photon-spin interfaces in silicon has remained elusive. In this work we produce tens of thousands of individually addressable `$T$ centre' photon-spin qubits in integrated silicon photonic structures, and characterize their spin-dependent telecommunications-band optical transitions. These results unlock immediate opportunities to construct silicon-integrated, telecommunications-band quantum information networks., Comment: 25 pages, 10 figures

Published
2021

15. Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy and Survival in Children and Young Adults: Findings From the Multinational WE-ROCK Collaborative

Author

Ahern, Emily, Arikan, Ayse Akcan, Alhamoud, Issa, Alobaidi, Rashid, Anton-Martin, Pilar, Barhight, Matthew, Basalely, Abby, Bigelow, Amee M., Bottari, Gabriella, Collins, Michaela, Colosimo, Denise, Cortina, Gerard, Damian, Mihaela A., Navazo, Sara de la Mata, DeAbreu, Gabrielle, Deep, Akash, Ding, Kathy L., Dolan, Kristin J., Fernandez Lafever, Sarah N., Fuhrman, Dana Y., Gelbart, Ben, Gorga, Stephen M., Guzzi, Francesco, Guzzo, Isabella, Haga, Taiki, Harvey, Elizabeth, Hasson, Denise C., Hill-Horowitz, Taylor, Inthavong, Haleigh, Kaddourah, Ahmad, Korn, Sarah, Krallman, Kelli A., Kwiatkowski, David M., Lee, Jasmine, Lequier, Laurance, Kia, Tina Madani, Mah, Kenneth E., Marinari, Eleonora, Martin, Susan D., Mohamed, Tahagod H., Morgan, Catherine, Mottes, Theresa A., Namachivayam, Siva, Neumayr, Tara M., Nhan, Jennifer, O’Rourke, Abigail, Qutob, Dua, Raggi, Valeria, Ricci, Zaccaria, Rumlow, Zachary A., See, Emily, Selewski, David T., Serpe, Carmela, Serratore, Alyssa, Shah, Ananya, Shin, H. Stella, Soranno, Danielle E., Stanski, Natalja L., Stenson, Erin K., Strong, Amy E., Taylor, Susan A., Thadani, Sameer V., Uber, Amanda M., Van Wyk, Brynna, Zangla, Emily E., Zappitelli, Michael, Starr, Michelle C., Gist, Katja M., Zang, Huaiyu, Ollberding, Nicholas J., Balani, Shanthi, Cappoli, Andrea, Ciccia, Eileen, Joseph, Catherine, Kakajiwala, Aadil, Kessel, Aaron, Muff-Luett, Melissa, Santiago Lozano, María J., Pinto, Matthew, Reynaud, Stephanie, Solomon, Sonia, Slagle, Cara, Srivastava, Rachana, Shih, Weiwen V., Webb, Tennille, and Menon, Shina

Published
2024
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20. Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK)

Author

Ahern, Emily, Akcan Arikan, Ayse, Alhamoud, Issa, Alobaidi, Rashid, Anton-Martin, Pilar, Balani, Shanthi S., Barhight, Matthew, Basalely, Abby, Bigelow, Amee M., Bottari, Gabriella, Cappoli, Andrea, Ciccia, Eileen A., Collins, Michaela, Colosimo, Denise, Cortina, Gerard, Damian, Mihaela A., De la Mata Navazo, Sara, DeAbreu, Gabrielle, Deep, Akash, Ding, Kathy L., Dolan, Kristin J., Fernandez Lafever, Sarah N., Fuhrman, Dana Y., Gelbart, Ben, Gist, Katja M., Gorga, Stephen M., Guzzi, Francesco, Guzzo, Isabella, Haga, Taiki, Harvey, Elizabeth, Hasson, Denise C., Hill-Horowitz, Taylor, Inthavong, Haleigh, Joseph, Catherine, Kaddourah, Ahmad, Kakajiwala, Aadil, Kessel, Aaron D., Korn, Sarah, Krallman, Kelli A., Kwiatkowski, David M., Lee, Jasmine, Lequier, Laurance, Kia, Tina Madani, Mah, Kenneth E., Marinari, Eleonora, Martin, Susan D., Menon, Shina, Mohamed, Tahagod H., Morgan, Catherine, Mottes, Theresa A., Muff-Luett, Melissa A., Namachivayam, Siva, Neumayr, Tara M., Md, Jennifer Nhan, O'Rourke, Abigail, Ollberding, Nicholas J., Pinto, Matthew G., Qutob, Dua, Raggi, Valeria, Reynaud, Stephanie, Ricci, Zaccaria, Rumlow, Zachary A., Santiago Lozano, María J., See, Emily, Selewski, David T., Serpe, Carmela, Serratore, Alyssa, Shah, Ananya, Shih, Weiwen V., Shin, H Stella, Slagle, Cara L., Solomon, Sonia, Soranno, Danielle E., Srivastava, Rachana, Stanski, Natalja L., Starr, Michelle C., Stenson, Erin K., Strong, Amy E., Taylor, Susan A., Thadani, Sameer V., Uber, Amanda M., Van Wyk, Brynna, Webb, Tennille N., Zang, Huaiyu, Zangla, Emily E., Zappitelli, Michael, Arikan, Ayse A., Mottes, Theresa, and Ollberding, Nicholas

Published
2023
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21. Two-fraction stereotactic ablative radiotherapy with simultaneous boost to MRI-defined dominant intra-prostatic lesion – Results from the 2SMART phase 2 trial

Author

Ong, Wee Loon, Cheung, Patrick, Chung, Hans, Chu, William, Detsky, Jay, Liu, Stanley, Morton, Gerard, Szumacher, Ewa, Tseng, Chia-Lin, Vesprini, Danny, Davidson, Melanie, Ravi, Ananth, McGuffin, Merrylee, Zhang, Liying, Mamedov, Alexandre, Deabreu, Andrea, Kulasingham-Poon, Meghan, and Loblaw, Andrew

Published
2023
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23. Optical observation of single spins in silicon

Author

Higginbottom, Daniel B., Kurkjian, Alexander T. K., Chartrand, Camille, Kazemi, Moein, Brunelle, Nicholas A., MacQuarrie, Evan R., Klein, James R., Lee-Hone, Nicholas R., Stacho, Jakub, Ruether, Myles, Bowness, Camille, Bergeron, Laurent, DeAbreu, Adam, Harrigan, Stephen R., Kanaganayagam, Joshua, Marsden, Danica W., Richards, Timothy S., Stott, Leea A., Roorda, Sjoerd, Morse, Kevin J., Thewalt, Michael L. W., and Simmons, Stephanie

Published
2022
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24. A Mg-pair isoelectronic bound exciton identified by its isotopic fingerprint in $^{28}$Si

Author

Abraham, Rohan, DeAbreu, Adam, Morse, Kevin, Shuman, Valentina, Portsel, Leonid, Lodygin, Anatoly, Astrov, Yuri, Abrosimov, Nikolay, Pavlov, Sergey, Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm, Simmons, Stephanie, and Thewalt, Michael

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We use the greatly improved optical linewidths provided by highly enriched $^{28}$Si to study a photoluminescence line near 1017 meV previously observed in the luminescence spectrum of natural Si diffused with Mg, and suggested to result from the recombination of an isoelectronic bound exciton localized at a Mg-pair center. In $^{28}$Si this no-phonon line is found to be comprised of five components whose relative intensities closely match the relative abundances of Mg-pairs formed by random combinations of the three stable isotopes of Mg, thus confirming the Mg-pair hypothesis. We further present the results of temperature dependence studies of this center that reveal unusual and as yet unexplained behaviour., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2018
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25. Characterization of the Si:Se+ spin-photon interface

Author

DeAbreu, Adam, Bowness, Camille, Abraham, Rohan J. S., Medvedova, Alzbeta, Morse, Kevin J., Riemann, Helge, Abrosimov, Nikolay V., Becker, Peter, Pohl, Hans-Joachim, Thewalt, Michael L. W., and Simmons, Stephanie

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Silicon is the most developed electronic and photonic technological platform and hosts some of the highest-performance spin and photonic qubits developed to date. A hybrid quantum technology harnessing an efficient spin-photon interface in silicon would unlock considerable potential by enabling ultra-long-lived photonic memories, distributed quantum networks, microwave to optical photon converters, and spin-based quantum processors, all linked using integrated silicon photonics. However, the indirect bandgap of silicon makes identification of efficient spin-photon interfaces nontrivial. Here we build upon the recent identification of chalcogen donors as a promising spin-photon interface in silicon. We determined that the spin-dependent optical degree of freedom has a transition dipole moment stronger than previously thought (here 1.96(8) Debye), and the T1 spin lifetime in low magnetic fields is longer than previously thought (> 4.6(1.5) hours). We furthermore determined the optical excited state lifetime (7.7(4) ns), and therefore the natural radiative efficiency (0.80(9) %), and by measuring the phonon sideband, determined the zero-phonon emission fraction (16(1) %). Taken together, these parameters indicate that an integrated quantum optoelectronic platform based upon chalcogen donor qubits in silicon is well within reach of current capabilities.

Published
2018
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26. Further investigations of the deep double donor magnesium in silicon

Author

Abraham, Rohan, DeAbreu, Adam, Morse, Kevin, Shuman, Valentina, Portsel, Leonid, Lodygin, Anatoly, Astrov, Yuri, Abrosimov, Nikolay, Pavlov, Sergey, Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm, Simmons, Stephanie, and Thewalt, Michael

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The deep double donor levels of substitutional chalcogen impurities in silicon have unique optical properties which may enable a spin/photonic quantum technology. The interstitial magnesium impurity (Mg$_i$) in silicon is also a deep double donor but has not yet been studied in the same detail as have the chalcogens. In this study we look at the neutral and singly ionized Mg$_i$ absorption spectra in natural silicon and isotopically enriched 28-silicon in more detail. The 1s(A$_1$) to 1s(T$_2$) transitions, which are very strong for the chalcogens and are central to the proposed spin/photonic quantum technology, could not be detected. We observe the presence of another double donor (Mg$_{i*}$) that may result from Mg$_i$ in a reduced symmetry configuration, most likely due to complexing with another impurity. The neutral species of Mg$_{i*}$ reveal unusual low lying ground state levels detected through temperature dependence studies. We also observe a shallow donor which we identify as a magnesium-boron pair.

Published
2018
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28. Environmental stress and salivary cortisol levels in preterm infants.

Author

Jolley, H., Boyar, V., Fishbein, J., DeAbreu, G., Ibrahim, Z., and Weinberger, B.

Subjects
NEONATAL intensive care units, PREMATURE infants, BIRTH weight, GESTATIONAL age, HYDROCORTISONE
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Preterm infants are exposed to numerous environmental stressors during their Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) stay, particularly during the first week after birth. The aim of this study is to assess whether salivary cortisol levels are correlated with Neonatal Infant Stressor Scale (NISS) scores in preterm infants during the first week of life. We also quantified the changes in both NISS scores and cortisol levels in the first week, and whether cortisol levels are associated with gestational age. METHODS: Preterm infants (n = 38, birth weight <1250 g and/or gestational age <29 weeks) were included. Saliva samples were collected on day 0–3 (early) and day 4–7 (late), and cortisol concentrations were measured by immunoassay. NISS scores were assessed retrospectively for the six hours preceding each saliva collection. RESULTS: NISS scores were not significantly correlated with salivary cortisol levels at either time point. However, infants born at <28 weeks gestation had higher median cortisol levels than infants born at >28 weeks (p = 0.0068), and there was also a significant inverse relationship between NISS score and gestational age (p = 0.04). There was no significant difference between the early and late time points for either NISS scores or cortisol levels. CONCLUSIONS: Cortisol levels are elevated in infants <28 weeks gestation but do not correlate with NISS scores. NISS scores are inversely related to gestational age, likely reflecting increased exposure to interventions and invasive procedures for the smallest infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. Effects of different fluid management on lung and kidney during pressure‐controlled and pressure‐support ventilation in experimental acute lung injury

Author

Eduardo Butturini deCarvalho, Ana Carolina Fernandes Fonseca, Raquel Ferreira Magalhães, Eliete Ferreira Pinto, Cynthia dos Santos Samary, Mariana Alves Antunes, Camila Machado Baldavira, Lizandre Keren Ramos daSilveira, Walcy Rosolia Teodoro, Marcelo Gama deAbreu, Vera Luiza Capelozzi, Nathane Santanna Felix, Paolo Pelosi, Patrícia Rieken Macêdo Rocco, and Pedro Leme Silva

Subjects
acute lung injury, fluid therapy, hemodynamics, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, molecular biology, Physiology, QP1-981
Abstract

Abstract Optimal fluid management is critical during mechanical ventilation to mitigate lung damage. Under normovolemia and protective ventilation, pulmonary tensile stress during pressure‐support ventilation (PSV) results in comparable lung protection to compressive stress during pressure‐controlled ventilation (PCV) in experimental acute lung injury (ALI). It is not yet known whether tensile stress can lead to comparable protection to compressive stress in ALI under a liberal fluid strategy (LF). A conservative fluid strategy (CF) was compared with LF during PSV and PCV on lungs and kidneys in an established model of ALI. Twenty‐eight male Wistar rats received endotoxin intratracheally. After 24 h, they were treated with CF (minimum volume of Ringer's lactate to maintain normovolemia and mean arterial pressure ≥70 mmHg) or LF (~4 times higher than CF) combined with PSV or PCV (VT = 6 ml/kg, PEEP = 3 cmH2O) for 1 h. Nonventilated animals (n = 4) were used for molecular biology analyses. CF‐PSV compared with LF‐PSV: (1) decreased the diffuse alveolar damage score (10 [7.8–12] vs. 25 [23–31.5], p = 0.006), mainly due to edema in axial and alveolar parenchyma; (2) increased birefringence for occludin and claudin‐4 in lung tissue and expression of zonula‐occludens‐1 and metalloproteinase‐9 in lung. LF compared with CF reduced neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin and interleukin‐6 expression in the kidneys in PSV and PCV. In conclusion, CF compared with LF combined with PSV yielded less lung epithelial cell damage in the current model of ALI. However, LF compared with CF resulted in less kidney injury markers, regardless of the ventilatory strategy.

Published
2022
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36. Searching for concentric low variance circles in the cosmic microwave background

Author

DeAbreu, Adam, Contreras, Dagoberto, and Scott, Douglas

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

In a recent paper, Gurzadyan & Penrose claim to have found directions in the sky around which there are multiple concentric sets of annuli with anomalously low variance in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). These features are presented as evidence for a particular theory of the pre-Big Bang Universe. We are able to reproduce the analysis these authors presented for data from the WMAP satellite and we confirm the existence of these apparently special directions in the newer Planck data. However, we also find that these features are present at the same level of abundance in simulated Gaussian CMB skies, i.e. they are entirely consistent with the predictions of the standard cosmological model., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures; changed figure 1, revised asymmetry argument in Section 2, added additional information in Sections 2 and 3; v3 fixed typos

Published
2015
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38. Evaluating the Tolerability of a Simultaneous Focal Boost to the Gross Tumor in Prostate SABR: A Toxicity and Quality-of-Life Comparison of Two Prospective Trials

Author

Alayed, Yasir, Davidson, Melanie, Liu, Stanley, Chu, William, Tseng, Eric, Cheung, Patrick, Vesprini, Danny, Cheung, Hans, Morton, Gerard, Musunuru, H.B., Ravi, Anath, Korol, Renee, Deabreu, Andrea, Ho, Ling, Commisso, Kristina, Bhounr, Zeeba, D’Alimonte, Laura, Mittmann, Nicole, Dragomir, Alice, Zhang, Liang, and Loblaw, Andrew

Published
2020
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39. Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy and Survival in Children and Young Adults: Findings From the Multi-National WE-ROCK Collaborative

Author

Starr, Michelle C., primary, Gist, Katja M., additional, Zang, Huaiyu, additional, Ollberding, Nicholas J., additional, Balani, Shanthi, additional, Cappoli, Andrea, additional, Ciccia, Eileen, additional, Joseph, Catherine, additional, Kakajiwala, Aadil, additional, Kessel, Aaron, additional, Muff-Luett, Melissa, additional, Santiago Lozano, María J., additional, Pinto, Matthew, additional, Reynaud, Stephanie, additional, Solomon, Sonia, additional, Slagle, Cara, additional, Srivastava, Rachana, additional, Shih, Weiwen V., additional, Webb, Tennille, additional, Menon, Shina, additional, Ahern, Emily, additional, Arikan, Ayse Akcan, additional, Alhamoud, Issa, additional, Alobaidi, Rashid, additional, Anton-Martin, Pilar, additional, Barhight, Matthew, additional, Basalely, Abby, additional, Bigelow, Amee M., additional, Bottari, Gabriella, additional, Collins, Michaela, additional, Colosimo, Denise, additional, Cortina, Gerard, additional, Damian, Mihaela A., additional, De la Mata Navazo, Sara, additional, DeAbreu, Gabrielle, additional, Deep, Akash, additional, Ding, Kathy L., additional, Dolan, Kristin J., additional, Fernandez Lafever, Sarah N., additional, Fuhrman, Dana Y., additional, Gelbart, Ben, additional, Gorga, Stephen M., additional, Guzzi, Francesco, additional, Guzzo, Isabella, additional, Haga, Taiki, additional, Harvey, Elizabeth, additional, Hasson, Denise C., additional, Hill-Horowitz, Taylor, additional, Inthavong, Haleigh, additional, Kaddourah, Ahmad, additional, Korn, Sarah, additional, Krallman, Kelli A., additional, Kwiatkowski, David M., additional, Lee, Jasmine, additional, Lequier, Laurance, additional, Kia, Tina Madani, additional, Mah, Kenneth E., additional, Marinari, Eleonora, additional, Martin, Susan D., additional, Mohamed, Tahagod H., additional, Morgan, Catherine, additional, Mottes, Theresa A., additional, Namachivayam, Siva, additional, Neumayr, Tara M., additional, Nhan, Jennifer, additional, O'Rourke, Abigail, additional, Qutob, Dua, additional, Raggi, Valeria, additional, Ricci, Zaccaria, additional, Rumlow, Zachary A., additional, See, Emily, additional, Selewski, David T., additional, Serpe, Carmela, additional, Serratore, Alyssa, additional, Shah, Ananya, additional, Shin, H Stella, additional, Soranno, Danielle E., additional, Stanski, Natalja L., additional, Stenson, Erin K., additional, Strong, Amy E., additional, Taylor, Susan A., additional, Thadani, Sameer V., additional, Uber, Amanda M., additional, Van Wyk ARNP, Brynna, additional, Zangla, Emily E., additional, and Zappitelli, Michael, additional

Published
2024
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41. Accelerated Matrix Element Method with Parallel Computing

Author

Schouten, Doug, DeAbreu, Adam, and Stelzer, Bernd

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The matrix element method utilizes ab initio calculations of probability densities as powerful discriminants for processes of interest in experimental particle physics. The method has already been used successfully at previous and current collider experiments. However, the computational complexity of this method for final states with many particles and degrees of freedom sets it at a disadvantage compared to supervised classification methods such as decision trees, k nearest-neighbour, or neural networks. This note presents a concrete implementation of the matrix element technique using graphics processing units. Due to the intrinsic parallelizability of multidimensional integration, dramatic speedups can be readily achieved, which makes the matrix element technique viable for general usage at collider experiments.

Published
2014
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42. SOD2 acetylation on lysine 68 promotes stem cell reprogramming in breast cancer

Author

He, Chenxia, Danes, Jeanne M., Hart, Peter C., Zhu, Yueming, Huang, Yunping, deAbreu, Andre Luelsdorf, O’Brien, Joseph, Mathison, Angela J., Tang, Binwu, Frasor, Jonna M., Wakefield, Lalage M., Ganini, Douglas, Stauder, Erich, Zielonka, Jacek, Gantner, Benjamin N., Urrutia, Raul A., Gius, David, and Bonini, Marcelo G.

Published
2019

43. Genetic evaluation of migratory fish: Implications for conservation and stocking programs

Author

Juliana da Silva Martins Pimentel, Sandra Ludwig, Leonardo Cardoso Resende, Pedro Ferreira Pinto Brandão‐Dias, Adriana Heloísa Pereira, Nazaré Lúcio deAbreu, Izinara Cruz Rosse, Ana Paula Vimieiro Martins, Susanne Facchin, João de Magalhães Lopes, Gilmar Bastos Santos, Carlos Bernado Mascarenhas Alves, and Evanguedes Kalapothakis

Subjects
fish stocking, genetic structure, genotyping, hydropower dam, next‐generation sequencing, São Francisco River, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract Fish stocking programs have been implemented to mitigate the blockage of original riverbeds by the construction of hydropower dams, which affects the natural migration of fish populations. However, this method raises concerns regarding the genetic rescue of the original populations of migratory fish species. We investigated the spatial distribution of genetic properties, such as genetic diversity, population structure, and gene flow (migration), of the Neotropical migratory fish Prochilodus costatus in the Três Marias dam in the São Francisco River basin, Brazil, and examined the possible effects of fish stocking programs on P. costatus populations in this region. In total, 1,017 specimens were sampled from 12 natural sites and a fish stocking program, and genotyped for high‐throughput sequencing at 8 microsatellite loci. The populations presented low genetic variability, with evidence of inbreeding and the presence of only four genetic pools; three pools were observed throughout the study region, and the fourth was exclusive to one area in the Paraopeba River. Additionally, we identified high unidirectional gene flow between regions, and a preferred migratory route between the Pará River and the upper portion of the São Francisco River. The fish stocking program succeeded in transposing the genetic pools from downstream to upstream of the Três Marias dam, but, regrettably, promoted genetic homogenization in the upper São Francisco River basin. Moreover, the data show the fragility of this species at the genetic level. This monitoring strategy could be a model for the development of conservation and management measures for migratory fish populations that are consumed by humans.

Published
2020
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44. Transient ascending ST‐segment depression and widening of the S wave in 3‐channel Holter monitoring—A sign of dromotropic disturbance in the right ventricular outflow tract in the Brugada syndrome: A report of five cases

Author

Antonio Thomaz deAndrade, Raimundo Barbosa‐Barros, Kjell Nikus, Rodrigo D. Raimundo, Luiz C. deAbreu, Luciana Sacilotto, Francisco C. C. Darriuex, Frank G. Yanowitz, Pedro Brugada, and Andrés Ricardo Pérez‐Riera

Subjects
Brugada syndrome, Dromotropic disturbance in the right ventricular outflow tract, Holter monitoring, S wave, ST‐segment depression, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Brugada syndrome (BrS) is somewhat a challenging diagnosis, due to its dynamic pattern. One of the aspects of this disease is a significant conduction disorder located in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), which can be explained as a consequence of low expression of Connexin‐43. This decreased conduction speed is responsible for the typical electrocardiographic pattern. Opposite leads located preferably in inferior leads of the electrocardiogram may show a deep and widened S wave associated with ascending ST segment depression. Holter monitoring electrocardiographic (ECG) aspects is still a new frontier of knowledge in BrS, especially in intermittent clinical presentations. Methods We describe, as an exploratory analysis, five case series of intermittent type 1 BrS to demonstrate the appearance of ascending ST segment depression and widening of the S wave, during 3‐channel 24h‐Holter monitoring (C1, C2 and C3) with bipolar leads. Results In the five cases described, the ST segment depression was observed mainly in C2, but in some cases also in C1 and C3. Only case 1 presented concomitant intermittent elevation of the ST segment in C1. All cases were intermittent. Conclusion The recognition of an ECG pattern with ascending ST‐segment depression and widening of the S wave in 3‐channel Holter described in this case series should raise a suspicion of the BrS and suggests the counterpart of a dromotropic disturbance registered in the RVOT and/or reciprocal changes.

Published
2022
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45. The low information content of Neurospora splicing signals: implications for RNA splicing and intron origin

Author

Collins, Richard A, Stajich, Jason E, Field, Deborah J, Olive, Joan E, and DeAbreu, Diane M

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genetics, Human Genome, Generic health relevance, Base Sequence, Evolution, Molecular, Genetic Speciation, Introns, Mitochondria, Neurospora, Plasmids, RNA Splice Sites, RNA Splicing, Species Specificity, Spliceosomes, RNA splicing, splicing specificity, mitochondrial plasmids, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Developmental Biology, Biochemistry and cell biology
Abstract

When we expressed a small (0.9 kb) nonprotein-coding transcript derived from the mitochondrial VS plasmid in the nucleus of Neurospora we found that it was efficiently spliced at one or more of eight 5' splice sites and ten 3' splice sites, which are present apparently by chance in the sequence. Further experimental and bioinformatic analyses of other mitochondrial plasmids, random sequences, and natural nuclear genes in Neurospora and other fungi indicate that fungal spliceosomes recognize a wide range of 5' splice site and branchpoint sequences and predict introns to be present at high frequency in random sequence. In contrast, analysis of intronless fungal nuclear genes indicates that branchpoint, 5' splice site and 3' splice site consensus sequences are underrepresented compared with random sequences. This underrepresentation of splicing signals is sufficient to deplete the nuclear genome of splice sites at locations that do not comprise biologically relevant introns. Thus, the splicing machinery can recognize a wide range of splicing signal sequences, but splicing still occurs with great accuracy, not because the splicing machinery distinguishes correct from incorrect introns, but because incorrect introns are substantially depleted from the genome.

Published
2015

46. Two versus five stereotactic ablative radiotherapy treatments for localized prostate cancer: A quality of life analysis of two prospective clinical trials

Author

Alayed, Yasir, Quon, Harvey, Cheung, Patrick, Chu, William, Chung, Hans T., Vesprini, Danny, Ong, Aldrich, Chowdhury, Amit, Panjwani, Dilip, Helou, Joelle, Pang, Geordi, Korol, Renee, Davidson, Melanie, Ravi, Ananth, McCurdy, Boyd, Zhang, Liying, Mamedov, Alexandre, Deabreu, Andrea, Commisso, Angela, Commisso, Kristina, and Loblaw, Andrew

Published
2019
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