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The emergence of the novel COVID‐19 disease and the social distancing measures implemented to curb its spread affected most aspects of daily life. Past work suggests that during times of more severe stress, people respond to daily stressors with relatively higher negative affect. However, little is known about how people responded to daily stressors and positive events at different moments in time during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Thus, we examined longitudinal changes in daily event‐related affect (covariation of daily stressors or positive events with same‐day affect) from Spring 2020 (wave 1) to 2022 (wave 2). The sample consisted of 324 adults aged 18–80 (mean = 52 years; 89% women) from the US and Canada who completed weeklong daily diaries at both waves. The results revealed improvements in affective well‐being, stressor‐related affect (i.e., smaller fluctuations in affect on stressor days vs. nonstressor days), and positive event‐related affect (i.e., lower negative affect on days with vs. without positive events). Furthermore, as people gradually resumed their social activities from 2020 to 2022, people reported being exposed to an increased frequency of both stressors and positive events. This study highlights the potential influence of socio‐historical phenomena, such as an ongoing pandemic, on the events that people encounter and how they emotionally respond to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Examining the personality and well‐being correlates of positive event diversity. Background: Past research has highlighted that personality traits are linked to the frequency of daily positive events. This study is the first to examine positive event diversity, the extent to which positive events are spread across multiple types of positive life domains, as well as its personality and well‐being correlates. Method: We conducted parallel analyses of three daily diary datasets (Ns = 1919, 744, and 1392) that included evening assessment of daily positive events and affective well‐being. The Big Five personality traits were assessed in baseline surveys. Results: Positive Event Diversity was related to higher person‐mean daily positive affect but not negative affect. Higher Extraversion, Agreeableness, Openness, and lower Neuroticism were correlated with more positive event diversity. These associations became nonsignificant when controlling for positive event frequency. Positive event frequency moderated the link between positive event diversity and person‐mean affect, such that higher positive event diversity was associated with higher negative and lower positive affect for people who experienced more frequent positive events. Conclusions: No consistent evidence was found for personality as a moderator of the positive event diversity–well‐being link across the three studies. Further, the well‐being implications of positive event diversity may be better understood when interpreting them alongside indexes of positive event frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Negative and repetitive self-oriented thinking (rumination) is associated with lower well-being and health. The social context of rumination remains underexplored and mostly centers on marital relationships. To embrace the diversity of older adult relationships, this study includes a range of different relationships (e.g. spouses, siblings, friends, etc.) and examines the role of rumination by close others on individual well-being during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods Using daily diary data from 140 Canadian older adults (M = 72.21 years, standard deviation [ SD ] = 5.39, range: 63–87 years, 47% women, 71% university educated) and a close other of their choice (M = 59.95 years, SD = 16.54, range: 18–83 years, 78% women, 81% university educated), this project builds on past research examining daily life rumination dynamics from a dyadic perspective. For 10 days, both dyad members reported their daily rumination and affect quality in the evening. Results Multilevel models replicate past work showing that individual rumination was associated with higher negative affect (within-person: b = 0.27, p <.001, between-person: b = 0.57, p <.001) and lower positive affect (within-person: b = −0.18, p <.001, between-person: b = −0.29, p <.001). Importantly, we additionally observed that partner rumination was associated with higher negative affect (b = 0.03, p =.038) and lower positive affect (b = −0.04, p =.023), highlighting the social context of rumination. Discussion Findings illustrate the significance of rumination for the self and others and underline the merit of taking a dyadic perspective on what is typically viewed as an individual-level phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examined the role of social support in turnover intention among new teachers. First, we tested and found evidence for a direct negative relationship between social support and turnover intention. Second, we tested the social support buffer hypothesis, and found that teachers with higher social support had lower turnover intention in the face of higher workload, compared to teachers with lower support. Third, we examined a mediational hypothesis, and found that social support acts indirectly, through job satisfaction in relation to turnover intention. These findings suggest that social support can be a valuable resource for new teachers. (Contains 2 tables and 1 figure.)