Search

In this paper, each metric component of the Riemann curvature tensor is first transformed into a single metric component, so that the Riemann curvature tensor is transformed into a metric wave form. With this, the Einstein field equations are transformed into metric wave equations. After that, the Schwarzschild space-time line element, the RN space-time line element and the KN space-time line element will be solved using the metric wave form gravitational field equation. In this way, the calculation method of the metric wave form gravitational field equation is specified, and it is proved that the metric wave form gravitational field equation can accurately calculate all kinds of space-time line elements with different geometric characteristics. Then, through the similarity between the four-dimensional electromagnetic potential and Christorff's symbol, the electromagnetic intensity tensor and the Riemann curvature tensor, the metric wave form representation of the four-dimensional electromagnetic potential and the electromagnetic intensity tensor is derived. On this basis, combined with the four-dimensional Maxwell equation, a metric wave form representation of Maxwell equation is given. Then, by the metric wave representation of the electromagnetic intensity tensor, the electromagnetic intensity tensor components of RN spacetime are directly calculated. Combined with the Einstein Maxwell equation in the form of metric fluctuations, the RN space-time line element is deduced and proved. And combined with the transformation relationship between spherically symmetric space-time radial components and ellipsoid radial components, directly convert RN space-time line element into KN space-time line element. This proves that the gravitational field equation of the metric wave form can be applied to the calculation of three types of black hole models. Finally, by comparing the metric wave form of the gravitational field equation and the Maxwell equation, and the analogy of the metric wave form gravitational field equation with the free Kleiin-Gordon equation of curved spacetime, discuss and derive the mathematically unified representation of the three types of field equations respectively, briefly discuss the relationship of the three types of physical fields and the meaning of the unified mathematical representation. Then, the unified representations of the gauge fields of SU(3), SU(2) and U(1) are given respectively.

Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-associated mortalities. The clinical outcome of HCC patients remains poor due to distant metastasis and recurrence. In recent years, growing evidences have confirmed that the coiled-coil domain-containing (CCDC) family proteins are involved in the progression of several diseases. However, the expression and clinical significance of the coiled-coil domain-containing 137 (CCDC137) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been investigated. Level 3 mRNA expression profiles and clinicopathological data were obtained in TCGA-LIHC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between 371 HCC and 50 nontumor specimens. The prognostic value of CCDC137 was analyzed in HCC patients. The correlations between CCDC137 and cancer immune infiltrates were investigated. In this study, a total of 2897 DEGs were obtained: 2451 genes were significantly upregulated and 446 genes were significantly downregulated. KEGG assays revealed that these DEGs were involved in tumor progression. Among 2897 DEGs, we found that CCDC137 expression was distinctly increased in HCC specimens compared with nontumor specimens. A high level of CCDC137 expression was related to an advanced tumor stage and grade. Moreover, patients with higher levels of CCDC137 expression had a shorter overall survival and disease-free survival than patients with lower CCDC137 levels. CCDC137 expression was positively correlated with infiltrating levels of several immune cells, such as CD8 T cells and Th2 cells. Finally, in vitro experiments confirmed that CCDC137 expression was highly expressed in HCC cells, and its knockdown suppressed the proliferation of HCC cells. Taken together, our findings revealed that CCDC137 might be used as a biomarker for immune infiltration and poor prognosis in HCC, which offered fresh insight on potential therapies for HCC.

Solute carrier family 25 member 20 (SLC25A51) is a newly identified mammalian mitochondrial NAD

Three dimeric cassane diterpenoids, caesalpanins A-C, were isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia sappan L., as well as three known compounds. Their structures were determined via analysis of 1D-, 2D-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS data. Caesalpanins A and B were the second and third compounds that presented a nitrogen-containing cassane diterpenoid dimer linked through one ether bond between C-19 and C-20'. Caesalpanin B exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 value of 29.98 μm. Caesalpanins A and B had weak inhibitory effects against LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophages at 50 μm with inhibitory rate of 36.01 % and 32.93 %, respectively.

Introduction The clinical target volume (CTV) delineation is crucial for tumour control and normal tissue protection. This study investigated the contralateral extension of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in patients with a clinically diagnosed unilateral tumour to pursue the possibility of CTV reduction. Methods Twenty NPC patients with localized tumours confined to only one side of the nasopharynx as shown by magnetic resonance imaging and fibreoptic endoscopy were selected for biopsy. The tissues of the contralateral pharyngeal recess (CPR) and the contralateral posterosuperior wall (CPSW) of the nasopharynx were obtained in each case and prepared for pathological examination. The factors associated with contralateral tumour infiltration were analysed. Results Five of 20 (25.0%) patients were pathologically confirmed to have carcinoma cell infiltration in the CPSW, including 2 (10.0%) that had carcinoma cell infiltration in the CPR. The T classification (P = 0.014) and primary tumour volume (P = 0.033) were positively associated with the infiltration of the CPSW, but none of the primary tumour factors affected the involvement of the CPR. The contralateral retropharyngeal lymph node (LN) metastasis (P = 0.016), but not the contralateral cervical LN, was significantly associated with the infiltration of the CPR. Positive Epstein-Barr virus DNA (EBV-DNA) was another factor that increased the probability of CPR invasion (P = 0.044). Conclusions Contralateral pharyngeal recess infiltration is rare in patients with clinically diagnosed unilateral primary NPC. Reduced CTV coverage, including the CPSW but not CRP, is feasible for patients with unilateral cancer of the nasopharynx without contralateral LN metastasis or positive EBV-DNA. Further large-sample studies are needed.

// Hai-Song Tan 1, * , Wei-Hua Jiang 2, * , Yi He 3, * , De-Sheng Wang 4, * , Zhen-Jie Wu 1 , Deng-Shuang Wu 1 , Li Gao 5 , Yi Bao 1 , Jia-Zi Shi 1 , Bing Liu 1 , Li-Jun Ma 2 and Lin-Hui Wang 1 1 Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China 2 Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200336, China 3 Department of Urology, Jiaxing First Hospital, Zhejiang 314000, China 4 Department of Urology, Second People's Hospital of Bengbu City, Anhui 233000, China 5 Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Lin-Hui Wang, email: wanglinhuicz@163.com Li-Jun Ma, email: lijun.ma@shtrhospital.com Bing Liu, email: 13501616398@163.com Keywords: clear cell renal cell carcinoma, metastasis, KRT8, IL-11, biomarker Received: January 17, 2017 Accepted: June 19, 2017 Published: July 12, 2017 ABSTRACT Keratin 8 (KRT8) plays an essential role in the development and metastasis of multiple human cancers. However, its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the expression pattern, clinical significance, and function of KRT8 in ccRCC. KRT8 mRNA and protein levels were determined in two large cohorts using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and tissue microarray (TMA) immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. We found that KRT8 expression was upregulated in ccRCC and vein tumor thrombi (VTTs). KRT8 overexpression in ccRCC was significantly correlated with aggressive characteristics and was predictive of a poor prognosis in ccRCC patients. Moreover, KRT8 overexpression in renal cancer cell lines promoted cell migration and invasion. In contrast, KRT8 knockdown suppressed ccRCC metastasis both in vitro and in vivo . In addition, our findings showed that KRT8 promoted ccRCC metastasis by increasing IL-11 expression, causing IL-11 autocrine induction, and triggering STAT3 signaling. Overall, this study established the significance of KRT8-IL-11 axis activation in aggressive ccRCC and defined a novel critical signaling mechanism that drives human ccRCC invasion and metastasis.

Long non-coding RNAs regulate brain microvascular endothelial cell death, the inflammatory response and angiogenesis during and after ischemia/reperfusion and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) insults. The long non-coding RNA, SNHG12, is upregulated after ischemia/reperfusion and OGD/R in microvascular endothelial cells of the mouse brain. However, its role in ischemic stroke has not been studied. We hypothesized that SNHG12 positively regulates ischemic stroke, and therefore we investigated its mechanism of action. We established an OGD/R mouse cell model to mimic ischemic stroke by exposing brain microvascular endothelial cells to OGD for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 24 hours and reoxygenation for 4 hours. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that SNHG12 levels in brain microvascular endothelial cells increased with respect to OGD exposure time. Brain microvascular endothelial cells were transfected with pcDNA-control, pcDNA-SNHG12, si-control, or si-SNHG12. After exposure to OGD for 16 hours, these cells were then analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, trypan blue exclusion, western blot, and capillary-like tube formation assays. Overexpression of SNHG12 inhibited brain microvascular endothelial cell death and the inflammatory response but promoted angiogenesis after OGD/R, while SNHG12 knockdown had the opposite effects. miR-199a was identified as a target of SNHG12, and SNHG12 overexpression reversed the effect of miR-199a on brain microvascular endothelial cell death, the inflammatory response, and angiogenesis. These findings suggest that SNHG12 suppresses endothelial cell injury induced by OGD/R by targeting miR-199a.

In order to achieve the local resonance of flexible-rod whetstone-seat vibration subsystem of the ultrasonic honing device, and using the analysis method of control theory, to regard the flexible-rod and whetstone-seat as the independent part in dynamics, their natural frequency and the vibration displacement function respectively are calculated by adopting the model of vibration with uniform section rod. Then the relationship between the natural frequency and the geometrical parameters of flexible-rod and whetstone-seat are established. The experiments shows that the computed result approximates the actual of flexible-rod whetstone-seat vibration system relatively. For the design of flexible-rod whetstone-seat vibration system with better vibration performance, it has the significant reference value.

Thirteen sesquiterpenes including eight new ones, magnodelavins A-H (1-8), were obtained from the 95 % ethanolic extract of the leaves of Magnolia delavayi Franch. The structures of the new compounds were determined by exhaustive 1 H-, 13 C-, 2D-NMR, UV, IR, and HR-ESI-MS data, as well as X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compounds 9 and 10 showed potent cytotoxic activities against HL-60, A-549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7, and SW480 human cancer cell lines in vitro using MTS assay.

Dynamic variations in early selective attention to the color and direction of moving stimuli were explored during a 30 days period of head-down bed rest. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded at F5, F6, P5, P6 scalp locations in seven male subjects who attended to pairs of bicolored light emitting diodes that flashed sequentially to produce a perception of movement. Subjects were required to attend selectively to a critical feature of the moving target, e.g., color or direction. The tasks included: a no response task, a color selective response task, a moving direction selective response task, and a combined color–direction selective response task. Subjects were asked to perform these four tasks on: the 3rd day before bed rest; the 3rd, 15th and 30th day during the bed rest; and the 5th day after bed rest. Subjects responded quickly to the color than moving direction and combined color–direction response. And they had a longer reaction time during bed rest on the 15th and 30th day during bed rest after a relatively quicker response on the 3rd day. Using brain event-related potentials technique, we found that in the color selective response task, the mean amplitudes of P1 and N1 for target ERPs decreased in the 3rd day during bed rest and 5th day after bed rest in comparison with pre-bed rest, 15th day and 30th day during bed rest. In the combined color–direction selective response task, the P1 latencies for target ERPs on the 3rd and 30th day during bed rest were longer than on the 15th day during bed rest. As 3rd day during bed rest was in the acute adaptation period and 30th day during bed rest was in the relatively adaptation stage of head-down bed rest, the results help to clarify the effects of bed rest on different task loads and patterns of attention. It was suggested that subjects expended more time to give correct decision in the head-down tilt bed rest state. A difficulty in the recruitment of brain resources was found in feature selection task, but no variations were detected in the no response and direction selective response tasks. It is suggested that the negative shift in color selective response task on the 3rd day of bed rest are a result of fluid redistribution. And feature selection was more affected than motion selection in the head down bed rest. The variations in cognitive processing speed observed for the combined color–direction selective response task are suggested to reflect the interaction between top-down mechanisms and hierarchical physiological characteristics during 30 days head-down bed rest.

In this article, the Lathe Bed of DL20-MST CNC machine tool is taken as the research object. The response surface method and optimization design of goal-driven are introduced. Combining the two methods, the size optimization design method of the Lathe Bed of NC machine tool is put forward based on the ANSYS. The design dimensions which play an important role in the static and dynamic performance of Bed are found through sensitivity analysis. And then, the goal-driven optimization design of the Lathe Bed is carried out based on the response surface method, searching for the optimal dimensions of Lathe Bed, realizing the lightweight design of the Lathe Bed of NC machine tool. In addition, the improvement on the performance of Lathe Bed after optimization is analyzed. The ideas and methods used in this paper offer a good reference for the design and production of the key parts of other similar machine tools, and have a great engineering application value.

Based on the problems of traditional broadcast system such as complexity wiring and low efficiency, this paper presents a design scheme of intelligent addressable broadcast system which takes the advantages of Zigbee and frequency modulation (FM) technologies. This system adopts a cluster topology structure with a master and numerous of broadcast nodes. The network management and system control is realized by Zigbee. The audio signal is transmitted via FM broadcast. Besides, we realized the upper computer software design based on Visual C. The practical test shows that audio quality and system efficiency are both greatly enhanced, and the broadcast system is low-cost, low-power and low-complexity.

Soil moisture is of great significance for regional resources and environments. The combination of land surface temperature (Ts) and vegetation index (VI) is appropriate for monitoring the regional surface soil moisture status. In this study, we employed HJ-1B CCD/IRS images,DEMand land use types to obtain the information about soil moisture for Minhou county in FuZhou. Firstly,TVDIreflected the soil moisture status was analyzed with in-situ soil moisture measurements based on two kinds of different vegetation indexes (NDVI/EVI). Secondly, the relationship betweenTVDIandDEMwas analyzed. Finally, the soil moisture status of each land use type was explored combined with the main land use types of study area. Research findings indicate that: (1)TVDIcan effectively reflect the spatial pattern of soil moisture andTs/EVIhas a higher accuracy thanTs/NDVI; (2) the spatial distribution of soil moisture is obviously affected by the altitude; (3) there exists correlationship between soil moisture and land use types in study area.

This paper presents a design scheme of 5.1-channel wireless audio system which takes the advantages of Zigbee and PurePath Wireless technologies. It overcomes several disadvantages of traditional wired audio system such as inconvenience of speaker placement, complexity of wiring, low efficiency, etc. This system adopts a star topology structure with a host and six slave machines. System management is based on Zigbee network, and digital audio is transmitted via PurePath Wireless audio link. The CC8530 audio transceiver chips and IEEE 802.15.4 RF chips were adopted as the hardware platform and the Zigbee protocol stack was adopted as the core software. The results show that this method makes the wireless audio system low-cost, low-power and low-complexity. In addition, audio quality and system efficiency are both greatly enhanced.

By the intake wind performance experiment study of the pipe with high pressure spray, it is pointed out that under experimental conditions the intake wind efficiency of the pipe with high pressure spray is closely related to the spray nozzle and the pipe's structure and the size.The relationship between pipe's intake wind volume and spray nozzle's water consumption is linear, and the relationship between spraying spread angle and the hydraulic pressure becomes nonlinear.The main parameters of reducing dust equipment with high pressure spray is the intake wind volume and controlled zone.Under the conditions of certain structure, the adjustment of hydraulic pressure will make the equipment with high pressure spray run under the optimum condition of the highest intake wind efficiency.

This paper presents an algorithm of sea clutter suppression using graphics processing unit (GPU) to meet the real-time requirement in the general radar terminal system. The main idea is to convert an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter to a finite impulse response (FIR) filter, which is suitable for the parallelization processing of GPU. Finally, the converted FIR filter algorithm is implemented on the GPU efficiently, achieving a speed approximately twice as fast as that of the previous IIR filter algorithm implemented on the CPU.

This article classified the CAN bus in accordance with the bus number, and detailedly studied the development status and problems both in single bus redundant system and dual-bus redundant system, moreover analyzed three main issues exist in redundant technique applications with high reliability which are the rapidity and accuracy of network fault detection, and how to improve network efficiency in data transmission and reduce the probability of task conflict, as well as flexible and efficient in design of communication protocol. Finally, the foreground applications of CAN bus in high-reliability field like Aero-Space is summarized.

In this paper, a network scenario of two-way relaying over orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is considered, in which two nodes intend to exchange the information via a relay using physical-layer network coding (PLNC). Assuming that the full channel knowledge is available, an optimization problem, which maximizes the achievable sum rate under a sum-power constraint, is investigated. It is shown that the optimization problem is non-convex, which is difficult to find the global optimum solution in terms of the computational complexity. In consequence, a low-complexity optimal power allocation scheme is proposed for practice implementation. A link capacity diagram is first employed for power allocation on each subcarrier. Subsequently, an equivalent relaxed optimization problem and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions are developed for power allocation among each subcarrier. Simulation results demonstrate that the substantial capacity gains are achieved by implementing the proposed schemes efficiently with a low-complexity computational effort.

On the basis of analyzing the structure characteristics of the Isometric Polygonal Profile (IPP) hole, equations of the track for grinding wheel center and the formula of calculating node coordinates according to equal-error linear approximation method are established and the determination method of grinding technology parameters value and problems to be attention at grinding process are discussed. Grinding experiments show that both processing precision and surface roughness can reach with the fit requirements of IPP connection according to these principles. It is available for reference that grinding complex non-circular column surface is ground by CNC machine tools.

In order to solve the optimization problems of discrete variable in mechanism design, beginning vertexes to meet all of performance restriction conditions can be given by the technician from upper boundary of design variables by means of man-machine interactive method. Objective function of each beginning vertex is calculated and arranged from small to large, the vertex of maximum and minimum of objective function are found. The difference between the vertex of minimum and maximum of objective function are calculated and new point is made up from the minimum point and the difference. The new point is used in stead of the vertex of the maximum objective function if the objective function of the new point is less than the maximum of beginning vertexes. The new composite figure is made up again and the new point is calculated until all design variables reach to under boundary. Then the vertex of minimum objective function is regarded to as the optimization point. This method is very fit for the optimization of discrete variables of low dimension and is higher calculation efficiency because the hominine brightness is combined with the high speed calculation ability.

Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) is a flexible control approach for power electronic converters in the power system. In this paper, the nonlinear model for a pair of VSGs in parallel is built, and corresponding small-signal linear model considering each link is further established based on the second-order model of synchronous generator. Compared to the response curves of parallel model of inverter power supply with characteristics of synchronous generator in MATLAB / SIMULINK, the accuracy of the small signal model is verified. With the help of small signal model and its analysis method, the virtual moment of inertia, an important parameter of virtual synchronous machine, is studied in detail. For parallel VSGs, the universal selection principle of virtual moment of inertia J is put forward considering different parameters of two machines, and the results of simulation show that the proposed principle of parameter selection can expand the range of parameter selection and the stability of the system can be improved.

We aim to investigate the pathological temporospatial characteristics of brain cell injury in the perihematomal areas. Brain autopsy samples from 44 consecutive cases of intracerebral hemorrhage were processed and analyzed following immunohistochemical staining for neurofilament (NF) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). NF and GFAP positive cells were scored and graded according to the distance from the hematoma and the time from the onset of hematoma formation. The tissues from the same region on the contralateral side of the brain were used as controls. Neurons in the perihematomal areas exhibited pyknosis or swollen necrosis, while astrocytes were swollen. Morphological abnormalities pertaining to NF appearance were attenuated with increasing distance from the hematoma wall, but were exacerbated with prolonged bleeding time. The level of NF staining abnormality was positively correlated with time from the onset of hematoma within 7 days of intracerebral hemorrhage. In contrast, the intensity of GFAP staining was negatively correlated with time from the onset of hematoma formation. This immunoreactivity was significantly higher closer to hematoma. Taken together, these data indicate that pathological alterations in neurons and astrocytes in the perihematomal area change with time from the onset of hematoma formation.

The epsilon4 version of the Apolipoprotein E gene has been proved to be a risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, another gene mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) has also been proposed to be potentially associated with AD, based on its possible relations toward acetaldehyde accumulation which further damage brain cells. Yet this observation had been limited in several groups of Oriental populations. In this study we gathered 106 unrelated Mongolian SAD (sporadic Alzheimer disease) patients and 100 controls in performing an analysis of ALDH2 genotyping. Nevertheless, the results showed that neither genotype nor allele distribution of ALDH2 between patients and controls presents significant differences. Further study on the ALDH2 correlation with APOE epsilon4 displays no disparity. Hereby gene ALDH2 may not represent a risk factor in the development of AD among Mongolian population.

Although there is possibility of cognitive disturbance in aging people, many of them live for long life and enjoy well-functioning brain during the whole life-span. The biological basis of longevity is unknown. In this study, we investigated the influence of aging on hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs), and the correlations between hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function. The result showed that the protein production and mRNA expression of nestin, and the number of BrdU(+) cells in dentate gyrus (DG) of the aged non-dementia mice were clearly higher than that in the aged dementia mice and the young adult mice. We also found that the number of NeuN(+) (neuron-specific nuclear antigen) cells in DG and CA1, choline O-acetyltransferase (ChAT, EC 2.3.1.6) production and mRNA expression in hippocampi of the aged-dementia mice were significantly reduced as compared to that of the young adult mice and the aged non-dementia mice, whereas the number of NeuN(+) cells, ChAT production and mRNA expression of the aged non-dementia mice has no difference with that of the young adult mice. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in the hippocampi of aged dementia mice significantly higher than that of the young adult mice and the aged non-dementia mice. Our results suggest that aging sometimes does not cause changing of the number of neurons and the hippocampal neurogenesis. Increment of DNA replication and neuron replacement, promotion of differentiation of neural stem cells, enhancement of neuronal proliferation, facilitation of synaptic plasticity of neurons may all benefit to the maintenance of the normal cognitive ability in the aged mice.

In order to study the grinding technology of Isometric Polygonal Profile (IPP), NC grinding accessory of IPP is developed, which is driven by Program Logic Controller (PLC) and step-motors. On the basis of the principle of coordinate conversion and envelope curve, formative motions of IPP are discussed in detail. Because the relationship between the rotation of parts and synchronization motion in both x and y axes of coordinates frame is of the proportional transmission, and the synchronization motion is harmonic motion in both x and y axes of coordinates frame, the relationship of them is of the proportional transmission too, but the frequency of the synchronization motion is low and the displacement is small, so the eccentric mechanism is used in the grinding accessory. The grinding process of three axes linkage of IPP can be translated into process of two axes linkage between three coordinates on machine tools by means of combination of PLC and the eccentric mechanism. It has been found by grinding experiment that the NC grinding accessory is available used for grinding IPP and other polygonal profile.

Interlukin-17 (IL-17) is active in a variety of brain injuries, including ischemia. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that IL-17 potentiates neuronal injury after stroke. Increased expression of IL-17 and IL-17 receptor (IL-17R) in serum and cortex was evaluated by ELISA, RT–PCR and immunohistochemistry. In the in vitro model of oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD), IL-17 showed a dose-dependent effect in promoting neuronal injury through IL-17-IL-17R combination which can be blocked by IL-17R/Fc chimera. Our results demonstrated the up-regulation of IL-17 and IL-17R following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion and suggested that they contributed to stroke outcome.

Fusions of patient-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and autologous tumor cells induce T-cell responses against autologous tumors in animal models and human clinical trials. These fusion cells require patient-derived tumor cells, which are not, however, always available. Here we fused autologous DCs from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to an allogeneic HCC cell line (HepG2). These fusion cells co-expressed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and DC-derived costimulatory and MHC molecules. Both CD4 + and CD8 + T cells were activated by the fusion cells. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) induced by the fusion cells were able to kill autologous HCC by HLA-A2- and/or HLA-A24-restricted mechanisms. CTL activity against shared TAAs indicates that the presence of alloantigens does not prevent the development of CTLs with activity against autologous HCC cells. These fusion cells may have applications in anti-tumor immunotherapy through cross-priming against shared tumor antigens and may provide a platform for adoptive immunotherapy.

To observe the effect of acupuncture intervention at different time-points on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) and expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) of liver tissue in rats with simulated weightlessness, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of liver injury in rats with simulated weightlessness.Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, pre-acupuncture group and EA group, 5 rats in each. The model of simulated weightlessness was established by tail suspension for 4 week. One week before the tail suspension, the rats in the pre-acupuncture group were treated with electroacupuncture (EA) at "Shenshu" (BL 23), "Pishu"(BL 20) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) for 30 min before treatment, once a day for 7 days. The rats in the EA group received tail suspension and acupuncture intervention at the same time. EA was applied for 30 min per treatment, once every other day for 14 times. Immunohistochemical staining was used to assay the expression of HSP 70 in the liver tissue. The activities of SOD and GSH-PX and content of MDA in liver tissues were examined by means of colourimetric method. Results Compared with the control group,the expression of HSP 70 and the content of MDA in the liver tissue were increased significantly (P0.01), and the activity of SOD and GSH-PX was notably reduced (P0.05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the content of HSP 70 was significantly reduced in the pre-acupuncture group (P0.01). There were no significant changes in the levels of SOD, GSH-PX, MDA and HSP 70 in the EA group (P0.05). In comparison with the pre-acupuncture group, the activity of GSH-PX was lower (P0.05) and the content of MDA was higher (P0.05) in the EA group.EA-pretreatment can suppress the increase of liver HSP 70 immunoactivity in rats with simulated weightlessness, being likely to improve the antioxidant ability of liver.

To explore the effects of pre-acupuncture and immediate acupuncture on kidney function and oxygen free radical metabolism in rats with simulated weightlessness.Twenty male clean-grade Wister rats were randomly divided into a normal control group, a model group, a pre-acupuncture group and an immediate acupuncture group, 5 rats in each one. The rats in the normal control group did not receive any treatment but free activities for 4 weeks. The rats in the rest groups received 4-week tail suspension to establish the model of simulated weightlessness. One week before the tail suspension, the rats in the pre-acupuncture group were treated with electroacupuncture at "Shenshu" (BL 23), "Pishu" (BL 20) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) for 30 min per treatment, once a day for 7 days. The rats in the immediate acupuncture group received tail suspension and acupuncture at the same time; during the tail suspension, the electroacupuncture was applied at "Shenshu" (BL 23), "Pishu" (BL 20) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) for 30 min per treatment, once every other day for 14 days. The colorimetric method was used to measure the content of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in serum as well as activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and content of malonaldehyde (MDA) in renal tissue in each group.Compared with the normal control group, the content of BUN in the model group was increased significantly (P0.01), the activity of SOD and GSH-PX in nephridial tissue was significantly reduced (both P0.01), and the content of MDA was increased significantly (P0.05). Compared with the model group, the content of BUN in the pre-acupuncture group and immediate acupuncture group was significantly reduced (P0.01, P0.05), the activity of GSH-PX in the pre-acupuncture group was obviously increased (P0.05) and the content of MDA in the immediate acupuncture group was increased significantly (P0.01). Compared with the immediate acupuncture group, the content of MDA in the pre-acupuncture group was lower (P0.01).The pre-acupuncture and immediate acupuncture both have the capacity to improve the kidney function and anti-oxygen free radical injury in rats with simulated weightlessness, however, the capacity to increase the protection ability of the kidney and eliminate free radical in the pre-acupuncture group is superior to that in the immediate acupuncture group, which is likely to be related with improving antioxidant ability of kidney.

This paper studies the NC grinding process for Isometric Polygonal Profiles (IPP) with self-made machine tools accessories, and establishes the time series model of the grinding process by means of measuring and analyzing the vibratory signal in the grinding process. The grinding experiment indicates that the surface formative motions of IPP can be achieved with the step-motor-driven accessories and it is reasonable to design the grinding machine for IPP according to the principle. This method solves the technical problems in IPP NC processing and can act as an important elicitation and illustration for NC processing other polygonal profiles.

To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of "Neiguan" (PC 6) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) on morphological changes, myocardial energy metabolism in rats undergoing simulated weightlessness.A total of 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control, weightlessness model, Neiguan (PC 6) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) groups (10 rats/group). EA was applied to PC 6 and SP 6 acupoints for 30 min, once every other day. The morphological changes were observed by light microscopy after H. E. staining. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and ATPase activities in the left ventricular myocardium were measured by colorimetry.In weightlessness rats, myocardial pathological changes as loose arrangement, breakage and lytic necrosis of myocardial fibers were found, these changes were obviously improved in rats of both PC 6 and SP 6 groups. Compared with the control group, the ATPase activity was significantly decreased, while the LDH activity was significantly increased in the model group (P0.05). After EA intervention, the ATPase activity was obviously increased in the SP 6 group (P0. 05), and LDH activity was apparently reduced in both PC 6 and SP 6 groups (P0. 05). No significant changes were found in myocardial SDH activity after modeling and EA of the two acupoints (P0. 05).EA intervention has functions in up-regulating ATP activity and suppressing the myocardial LDH activity in weightlessness rats, which may be related to its effect in improving myocardial pathological changes.

Dystroglycan (DG), a multifunctional protein dimer of non-covalently linked α and β subunits, is best known as an adhesion and transduction molecule linking the cytoskeleton and intracellular signaling pathways to extracellular matrix proteins. Loss of DG binding, possibly by degradation or disturbed glycosylation, has been reported in a variety of cancers. DG is abundant at astroglial endfeet forming the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and glia limitans; so, we examined if loss of expression is associated with glioma. Expression levels of α-DG and β-DG were assessed by immunohistochemistry in a series of 78 glioma specimens to determine the relationship with tumor grade and possible prognostic significance. α-DG immunostaining was undetectable in 44 of 49 high-grade specimens (89.8 %) compared to 15 of 29 low-grade specimens (51.72 %) (P