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A sample of male and female assistant professors in land grant public institutions was mailed a questionnaire regarding their past salary negotiation activities and their perceptions of the academic reward system. The survey results indicated that male and female academicians have about the same tendency to attempt a salary negotiation both for beginning salaries and for salary increases. Females were found to be as successful as the males in negotiating initial salaries and more successful in negotiating salary increases. The females and males studied also showed marked agreement on their perceptions of the academic reward system. However, females also reported feelings of pay inequality when they compared themselves to their peers, particularly peers of the opposite sex. Author