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1. Heavy metals and arsenic in alluvial sediments of the Grote Beek river (N Belgium) :contribution of natural and antropogenic sources

Author

Cappuyns, Valérie, Swennen, Rudy, De Nil, K, Degryse, P, and Sintubin, M

Subjects
Europe, Leuven, Belgium, pollution, soil
Abstract

Wastewater discharge from the processing of phosphate ores has contributed to pollution by heavy metal and As in soils adjoining the Grote Beek river. Overbank deposition of polluted river sediments during inundation of the floodplain and the disposal of dredged sediments brought about a severe pollution of the peat soils with Cd, As, Zn, Ni, Cr, Ba and Cu, 3km from the effluent ejecting point. Moreover, anomalous enrichments of As occur as a result of the presence of glauconite. The pollution of flooding zones, especially of As and Cd, is extended to more than 50m from the river channel. Porewater from soils near the river displays high concentrations of Zn, Ni, Cu, Cd, Ba and Cl. In contrast, the sandy soils 10km downstream are hardly influenced by polluted sediments. However, elevated Asconcentrations in subsoil may have a diagenetic origin. In sediments disposed by overbank flooding, Cr, Cu and Zn were primarily associated with the fine grained fraction, while As is bounded to Fe-(hydr)oxides. Ca-carbonate seems to contribute to the binding of heavy metals in dredged sediments. ispartof: Aardkundige Mededelingen (Proceedings of the first Geologica Belgica International Meeting, Leuven, 11-15 September 2002) vol:12 pages:227-230 status: published

Published
2002

2. An interactive voxel model for mineral resources: loess deposits in Flanders (Belgium).

Author

Van Haren T., De Groot C., De Koninck R., De Nil K., Dirix K., Van Haren T., De Groot C., De Koninck R., De Nil K., and Dirix K.

Abstract

As Belgian loess deposits are of great importance for ceramic industry in Belgium, a well-balanced resource management of this material is essential for maintaining its long-term exploitability. A primary requirement for such a management programme is a thorough understanding of the spatial distribution and thickness of the loess deposits in Flanders. Such 3D information can efficiently be captured in a so called 'voxel model'. This paper describes a simple three-step voxel modelling procedure developed by VITO. This procedure effectively translates more than 8 700 boreholes into a voxel model consisting of cells of 25 × 25 × 0.5 m, each of which is assigned a lithological class. The primary aim of the developed model is to provide geological insight for regional pre-prospective purposes and spatial planning within the region covered by loess deposits. A deterministic and cognitive modelling process was adopted, which was the result after weighting factors like quality, quantity and distribution of the available data, time and budget given for the modelling process and the eventual model's use. In addition, this paper outlines the set-up of the 'mineral resource explorer' which interactively allows end-users to query the dataset and hence obtain information on the presence of potential extractable loess material. Users are able to set a number of relevant built-in preconditions, such as maximum thickness of cover and minimal thickness of resource deposits, and indicative resource volumes can be calculated., As Belgian loess deposits are of great importance for ceramic industry in Belgium, a well-balanced resource management of this material is essential for maintaining its long-term exploitability. A primary requirement for such a management programme is a thorough understanding of the spatial distribution and thickness of the loess deposits in Flanders. Such 3D information can efficiently be captured in a so called 'voxel model'. This paper describes a simple three-step voxel modelling procedure developed by VITO. This procedure effectively translates more than 8 700 boreholes into a voxel model consisting of cells of 25 × 25 × 0.5 m, each of which is assigned a lithological class. The primary aim of the developed model is to provide geological insight for regional pre-prospective purposes and spatial planning within the region covered by loess deposits. A deterministic and cognitive modelling process was adopted, which was the result after weighting factors like quality, quantity and distribution of the available data, time and budget given for the modelling process and the eventual model's use. In addition, this paper outlines the set-up of the 'mineral resource explorer' which interactively allows end-users to query the dataset and hence obtain information on the presence of potential extractable loess material. Users are able to set a number of relevant built-in preconditions, such as maximum thickness of cover and minimal thickness of resource deposits, and indicative resource volumes can be calculated.

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