154 results on '"De Maziere, M."'
Search Results
2. Two test-cases for synergistic detections in the Martian atmosphere: Carbon monoxide and methane
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Robert, S., Camy-Peyret, C., Daerden, F., De Mazière, M., De Wachter, E., Neary, L., Vandenbussche, S., and Vandaele, A.C.
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- 2017
- Full Text
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3. Evaluation of the inter-annual variability of stratospheric chemical composition in chemistry-climate models using ground-based multi species time series
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Poulain, V., Bekki, S., Marchand, M., Chipperfield, M.P., Khodri, M., Lefèvre, F., Dhomse, S., Bodeker, G.E., Toumi, R., De Maziere, M., Pommereau, J.-P., Pazmino, A., Goutail, F., Plummer, D., Rozanov, E., Mancini, E., Akiyoshi, H., Lamarque, J.-F., and Austin, J.
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- 2016
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4. The Greenhouse Gas Climate Change Initiative (GHG-CCI): Comparison and quality assessment of near-surface-sensitive satellite-derived CO2 and CH4 global data sets
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Buchwitz, M., Reuter, M., Schneising, O., Boesch, H., Guerlet, S., Dils, B., Aben, I., Armante, R., Bergamaschi, P., Blumenstock, T., Bovensmann, H., Brunner, D., Buchmann, B., Burrows, J.P., Butz, A., Chédin, A., Chevallier, F., Crevoisier, C.D., Deutscher, N.M., Frankenberg, C., Hase, F., Hasekamp, O.P., Heymann, J., Kaminski, T., Laeng, A., Lichtenberg, G., De Mazière, M., Noël, S., Notholt, J., Orphal, J., Popp, C., Parker, R., Scholze, M., Sussmann, R., Stiller, G.P., Warneke, T., Zehner, C., Bril, A., Crisp, D., Griffith, D.W.T., Kuze, A., O'Dell, C., Oshchepkov, S., Sherlock, V., Suto, H., Wennberg, P., Wunch, D., Yokota, T., and Yoshida, Y.
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- 2015
- Full Text
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5. Line narrowing effect on the retrieval of HF and HCl vertical profiles from ground-based FTIR measurements
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Barret, B., Hurtmans, D., Carleer, M.R., De Mazière, M., Mahieu, E., and Coheur, P.-F.
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- 2005
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6. Comparison of the GOSAT TANSO-FTS TIR CH volume mixing ratio vertical profiles with those measured by ACE-FTS, ESA MIPAS, IMK-IAA MIPAS, and 16 NDACC stations
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Olsen K.S., Strong K., Walker K.A., Boone C.D., Raspollini P., Plieninger J., Bader W., Conway S., Grutter M., Hannigan J.W., Hase F., Jones N., De Maziere M., Notholt J., Schneider M., Smale D., Sussmann R., and Saitoh N.
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TANSO ,GOSAT - Abstract
The primary instrument on the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) is the Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observations (TANSO) Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS). TANSO-FTS uses three short-wave infrared (SWIR) bands to retrieve total columns of CO2 and CH4 along its optical line of sight and one thermal infrared (TIR) channel to retrieve vertical profiles of CO2 and CH4 volume mixing ratios (VMRs) in the troposphere. We examine version 1 of the TANSO-FTS TIR CH4 product by comparing co-located CH4 VMR vertical profiles from two other remote-sensing FTS systems: the Canadian Space Agency's Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment FTS (ACE-FTS) on SCISAT (version 3.5) and the European Space Agency's Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) on Envisat (ESA ML2PP version 6 and IMK-IAA reduced-resolution version V5R-CH4-224/225), as well as 16 ground stations with the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). This work follows an initial inter-comparison study over the Arctic, which incorporated a ground-based FTS at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) at Eureka, Canada, and focuses on tropospheric and lower-stratospheric measurements made at middle and tropical latitudes between 2009 and 2013 (mid-2012 for MIPAS). For comparison, vertical profiles from all instruments are interpolated onto a common pressure grid, and smoothing is applied to ACE-FTS, MIPAS, and NDACC vertical profiles. Smoothing is needed to account for differences between the vertical resolution of each instrument and differences in the dependence on a priori profiles. The smoothing operators use the TANSO-FTS a priori and averaging kernels in all cases. We present zonally averaged mean CH4 differences between each instrument and TANSO-FTS with and without smoothing, and we examine their information content, their sensitive altitude range, their correlation, their a priori dependence, and the variability within each data set. Partial columns are calculated from the VMR vertical profiles, and their correlations are examined. We find that the TANSO-FTS vertical profiles agree with the ACE-FTS and both MIPAS retrievals' vertical profiles within 4% (± ~40ppbv) below 15km when smoothing is applied to the profiles from instruments with finer vertical resolution but that the relative differences can increase to on the order of 25% when no smoothing is applied. Computed partial columns are tightly correlated for each pair of data sets. We investigate whether the difference between TANSO-FTS and other CH4 VMR data products varies with latitude. Our study reveals a small dependence of around 0.1% per 10 degrees latitude, with smaller differences over the tropics and greater differences towards the poles.
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- 2017
7. Four years of ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of HONO and NO2 in the Beijing area
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Hendrick, F., Müller, J.F., Clémer, K., Wang, P., De Maziere, M., Fayt, C., Gielen, C., Hermans, C., Ma, J.Z., Pinardi, G., Stavrakou, T., Vlemmix, T., and Van Roozendael, M.
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lcsh:Chemistry ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,lcsh:Physics ,lcsh:QC1-999 - Abstract
Ground-based Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements of nitrous acid (HONO) and its precursor NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) as well as aerosols have been performed daily in Beijing city centre (39.98° N, 116.38° E) from July 2008 to April 2009 and at the suburban site of Xianghe (39.75° N, 116.96° E) located ~60 km east of Beijing from March 2010 to December 2012. This extensive dataset allowed for the first time the investigation of the seasonal cycle of HONO as well as its diurnal variation in and in the vicinity of a megacity. Our study was focused on the HONO and NO2 near-surface concentrations (0–200 m layer) and total vertical column densities (VCDs) and also aerosol optical depths (AODs) and extinction coefficients retrieved by applying the Optimal Estimation Method to the MAX-DOAS observations. Monthly averaged HONO near-surface concentrations at local noon display a strong seasonal cycle with a maximum in late fall/winter (~0.8 and 0.7 ppb at Beijing and Xianghe, respectively) and a minimum in summer (~0.1 ppb at Beijing and 0.03 ppb at Xianghe). The seasonal cycles of HONO and NO2 appear to be highly correlated, with correlation coefficients in the 0.7–0.9 and 0.5–0.8 ranges at Beijing and Xianghe, respectively. The stronger correlation of HONO with NO2 and also with aerosols observed in Beijing suggests possibly larger role of NO2 conversion into HONO in the Beijing city center than at Xianghe. The observed diurnal cycle of HONO near-surface concentration shows a maximum in the early morning (about 1 ppb at both sites) likely resulting from night-time accumulation, followed by a decrease to values of about 0.1–0.4 ppb around local noon. The HONO / NO2 ratio shows a similar pattern with a maximum in the early morning (values up to 0.08) and a decrease to ~0.01–0.02 around local noon. The seasonal and diurnal cycles of the HONO near-surface concentration are found to be similar in shape and in relative amplitude to the corresponding cycles of the HONO total VCD and are therefore likely driven mainly by the balance between HONO sources and the photolytic sink, whereas dilution effects appear to play only a minor role. The estimation of OH radical production from HONO and O3 photolysis based on retrieved HONO near-surface concentrations and calculated photolysis rates indicate that in the 0–200 m altitude range, HONO is by far the largest source of OH radicals in winter as well as in the early morning at all seasons, while the contribution of O3 dominates in summer from mid-morning until mid-afternoon.
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- 2014
8. Combined characterisation of GOME and TOMS total ozone measurements from space using ground-based observations from the NDSC
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Lambert, J.-C., Van Roozendael, M., Simon, P.C., Pommereau, J.-P., Goutail, F., Gleason, J.F., Andersen, S.B., Arlander, D.W., Bui Van, N.A., Claude, H., de La Noë, J., De Mazière, M., Dorokhov, V., Eriksen, P., Green, A., Karlsen Tørnkvist, K., Kåstad Høiskar, B.A., Kyrö, E., Leveau, J., Merienne, M.-F., Milinevsky, G., Roscoe, H.K., Sarkissian, A., Shanklin, J.D., Stähelin, J., Wahlstrøm Tellefsen, C., and Vaughan, G.
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- 2000
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9. 4D-var assimilation of stratospheric aerosol satellite data
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Fonteyn, D., Errera, Q., De Mazière, M., Franssens, G., and Fussen, D.
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- 2000
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10. Analysis of stratospheric NO2 trends above Jungfraujoch using ground-based UV-visible, FTIR, and satellite nadir observations
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Hendrick F., Mahieu E., Bodeker G. E., Boersma K. F., Chipperfield M. P., De Maziere M., De Smedt I., Demoulin P., Fayt C., Hermans C., Kreher K., Lejeune B., Pinardi G., Servais C., Stuebi R., van der A R., Vernier J. P., Van Roozendael M., and Fluids and Flows
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lcsh:Chemistry ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,lcsh:Physics ,lcsh:QC1-999 - Abstract
The trend in stratospheric NO2 column at the NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) station of Jungfraujoch (46.5° N, 8.0° E) is assessed using ground-based FTIR and zenith-scattered visible sunlight SAOZ measurements over the period 1990 to 2009 as well as a composite satellite nadir data set constructed from ERS-2/GOME, ENVISAT/SCIAMACHY, and METOP-A/GOME-2 observations over the 1996–2009 period. To calculate the trends, a linear least squares regression model including explanatory variables for a linear trend, the mean annual cycle, the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), solar activity, and stratospheric aerosol loading is used. For the 1990–2009 period, statistically indistinguishable trends of −3.7 ± 1.1% decade−1 and −3.6 ± 0.9% decade−1 are derived for the SAOZ and FTIR NO2 column time series, respectively. SAOZ, FTIR, and satellite nadir data sets show a similar decrease over the 1996–2009 period, with trends of −2.4 ± 1.1% decade−1, −4.3 ± 1.4% decade−1, and −3.6 ± 2.2% decade−1, respectively. The fact that these declines are opposite in sign to the globally observed +2.5% decade−1 trend in N2O, suggests that factors other than N2O are driving the evolution of stratospheric NO2 at northern mid-latitudes. Possible causes of the decrease in stratospheric NO2 columns have been investigated. The most likely cause is a change in the NO2/NO partitioning in favor of NO, due to a possible stratospheric cooling and a decrease in stratospheric chlorine content, the latter being further confirmed by the negative trend in the ClONO2 column derived from FTIR observations at Jungfraujoch. Decreasing ClO concentrations slows the NO + ClO → NO2 + Cl reaction and a stratospheric cooling slows the NO + O3 → NO2 + O2 reaction, leaving more NOx in the form of NO. The slightly positive trends in ozone estimated from ground- and satellite-based data sets are also consistent with the decrease of NO2 through the NO2 + O3 → NO3 + O2 reaction. Finally, we cannot rule out the possibility that a strengthening of the Dobson-Brewer circulation, which reduces the time available for N2O photolysis in the stratosphere, could also contribute to the observed decline in stratospheric NO2 above Jungfraujoch.
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- 2012
11. Observed and simulated time evolution of HCl, ClONO2, and HF total column abundances
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Kohlhepp R., Ruhnke R., Chipperfield M.P., de Maziere M., Notholt J., Barthlott S, Batchelor R. L., Blatherwick R. D., Blumenstock T., Coffey M., Demoulin P., Fast H., Feng W., Goldman A., Griffith D.W.T., Hamann K., Hannigan J., Hase F., Jones N.B., Kagawa A., Kaiser I., Kasai Y., Kirner O., Kouker W., and Lindenmaier R.
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- 2012
12. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO-2) tracks 2–3 peta-gram increase in carbon release to the atmosphere during the 2014–2016 El Niño
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Patra, Prabir K., primary, Crisp, David, additional, Kaiser, Johannes W., additional, Wunch, Debra, additional, Saeki, Tazu, additional, Ichii, Kazuhito, additional, Sekiya, Takashi, additional, Wennberg, Paul O., additional, Feist, Dietrich G., additional, Pollard, David F., additional, Griffith, David W. T., additional, Velazco, Voltaire A., additional, De Maziere, M., additional, Sha, Mahesh K., additional, Roehl, Coleen, additional, Chatterjee, Abhishek, additional, and Ishijima, Kentaro, additional
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- 2017
- Full Text
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13. The imprint of stratospheric transport on column-averaged methane
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Ostler, A., Sussmann, R., Patra, P. K., Wennberg, P. O., Deutscher, N. M., Griffith, D. W. T., Blumenstock, T., Hase, F., Kivi, R., Warneke, T., Wang, Z., De Maziere, M., Robinson, J., and Ohyama, H.
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Earth sciences ,ddc:550 - Abstract
Model simulations of column-averaged methane mixing ratios (XCH4) are extensively used for inverse estimates of methane (CH4) emissions from atmospheric measurements. Our study shows that virtually all chemical transport models (CTM) used for this purpose are affected by stratospheric model-transport errors. We quantify the impact of such model transport errors on the simulation of stratospheric CH4 concentrations via an a posteriori correction method. This approach compares measurements of the mean age of air with modeled age and expresses the difference in terms of a correction to modeled stratospheric CH4 mixing ratios. We find age differences up to ~ 3 years yield to a bias in simulated CH4 of up to 250 parts per billion (ppb). Comparisons between model simulations and ground-based XCH4 observations from the Total Carbon Column Network (TCCON) reveal that stratospheric model-transport errors cause biases in XCH4 of ~ 20 ppb in the midlatitudes and ~ 27 ppb in the arctic region. Improved overall as well as seasonal model-observation agreement in XCH4 suggests that the proposed, age-of-air-based stratospheric correction is reasonable. The latitudinal model bias in XCH4 is supposed to reduce the accuracy of inverse estimates using satellite-derived XCH4 data. Therefore, we provide an estimate of the impact of stratospheric model-transport errors in terms of CH4 flux errors. Using a one-box approximation, we show that average model errors in stratospheric transport correspond to an overestimation of CH4 emissions by ~ 40 % (~ 7 Tg yr−1) for the arctic, ~ 5 % (~ 7 Tg yr−1) for the northern, and ~ 60 % (~ 7 Tg yr−1) for the southern hemispheric mid-latitude region. We conclude that an improved modeling of stratospheric transport is highly desirable for the joint use with atmospheric XCH4 observations in atmospheric inversions.
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- 2015
- Full Text
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14. Validation of TANSO-FTS/GOSAT XCO2 and XCH4 glint mode retrievals using TCCON data from near-ocean sites
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Zhou, Minqiang, Dils, Bart, Wang, Pucai, Detmers, Rob, Yoshida, Yukio, O'Dell, Christopher, Feist, D, Velazco, Voltaire A, Schneider, Matthias, de Maziere, M, Zhou, Minqiang, Dils, Bart, Wang, Pucai, Detmers, Rob, Yoshida, Yukio, O'Dell, Christopher, Feist, D, Velazco, Voltaire A, Schneider, Matthias, and de Maziere, M
- Abstract
The thermal And near infrared sensor for carbon observations Fourier transform spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) on board the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) applies the normal nadir mode above the land ("land data") and sun glint mode over the ocean ("ocean data") to provide global distributions of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4, or XCO2 and XCH4. Several algorithms have been developed to obtain highly accurate greenhouse gas concentrations from TANSO-FTS/GOSAT spectra. So far, all the retrieval algorithms have been validated with the measurements from ground-based Fourier transform spectrometers from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON), but limited to the land data. In this paper, the ocean data of the SRPR, SRFP (the proxy and full-physics versions 2.3.5 of SRON/KIT's RemoTeC algorithm), NIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies operational algorithm version 02.21) and ACOS (NASA's Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space version 3.5) are compared with FTIR measurements from five TCCON sites and nearby GOSAT land data. For XCO2, both land and ocean data of NIES, SRFP and ACOS show good agreement with TCCON measurements. Averaged over all TCCON sites, the relative biases of ocean data and land data are −0.33 and −0.13 % for NIES, 0.03 and 0.04 % for SRFP, 0.06 and −0.03 % for ACOS, respectively. The relative scatter ranges between 0.31 and 0.49 %. For XCH4, the relative bias of ocean data is even less than that of the land data for the NIES (0.02 vs. −0.35 %), SRFP (0.04 vs. 0.20 %) and SRPR (−0.02 vs. 0.06 %) algorithms. Compared to the results for XCO2, the XCH4 retrievals show larger relative scatter (0.65-0.81 %).
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- 2016
15. The imprint of stratospheric transport on column-averaged methane
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Ostler, A, Sussmann, Ralf, Patra, P K, Wennberg, Paul O, Deutscher, Nicholas M, Griffith, David W. T, Blumenstock, Thomas, Hase, Frank, Kivi, Rigel, Warneke, Thorsten, Wang, Zhiting, de Maziere, M, Robinson, John, Ohyama, H, Ostler, A, Sussmann, Ralf, Patra, P K, Wennberg, Paul O, Deutscher, Nicholas M, Griffith, David W. T, Blumenstock, Thomas, Hase, Frank, Kivi, Rigel, Warneke, Thorsten, Wang, Zhiting, de Maziere, M, Robinson, John, and Ohyama, H
- Abstract
Model simulations of column-averaged methane mixing ratios (XCH4) are extensively used for inverse estimates of methane (CH4) emissions from atmospheric measurements. Our study shows that virtually all chemical transport models (CTM) used for this purpose are affected by stratospheric model-transport errors. We quantify the impact of such model transport errors on the simulation of stratospheric CH4 concentrations via an a posteriori correction method. This approach compares measurements of the mean age of air with modeled age and expresses the difference in terms of a correction to modeled stratospheric CH4 mixing ratios. We find age differences up to ~ 3 years yield to a bias in simulated CH4 of up to 250 parts per billion (ppb). Comparisons between model simulations and ground-based XCH4 observations from the Total Carbon Column Network (TCCON) reveal that stratospheric model-transport errors cause biases in XCH4 of ~ 20 ppb in the midlatitudes and ~ 27 ppb in the arctic region. Improved overall as well as seasonal model-observation agreement in XCH4 suggests that the proposed, age-of-air-based stratospheric correction is reasonable. The latitudinal model bias in XCH4 is supposed to reduce the accuracy of inverse estimates using satellite-derived XCH4 data. Therefore, we provide an estimate of the impact of stratospheric model-transport errors in terms of CH4 flux errors. Using a one-box approximation, we show that average model errors in stratospheric transport correspond to an overestimation of CH4 emissions by ~ 40 % (~ 7 Tg yr−1) for the arctic, ~ 5 % (~ 7 Tg yr−1) for the northern, and ~ 60 % (~ 7 Tg yr−1) for the southern hemispheric mid-latitude region. We conclude that an improved modeling of stratospheric transport is highly desirable for the joint use with atmospheric XCH4 observations in atmospheric inversions.
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- 2015
16. Past changes in the vertical distribution of ozone - Part 3: analysis and interpretation of trends
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Harris, Neil R. P, Hassler, B, Tummon, F, Bodeker, G E, Hubert, D, Petropavlovskikh, I, Steinbrecht, W, Anderson, John, Bhartia, P K, Boone, C D, Bourassa, A E, Davis, S M, Degenstein, D A, Delcloo, A, Frith, S M, Froidevaux, L, Godin-Beekmann, S, Jones, Nicholas B, Kurylo, M J, Kyrola, E, Laine, M, Leblanc, S T, Lambert, J C, Liley, B, Mahieu, Emmanuel, Maycock, A, de Maziere, M, Parrish, A, Querel, R, Rosenlof, K H, Roth, C, Sioris, C, Staehelin, J, Stolarski, R S, Stubi, R, Tamminen, J, Vigouroux, C, Walker, K, Wang, H J, Wild, J, Zawodny, J M, Harris, Neil R. P, Hassler, B, Tummon, F, Bodeker, G E, Hubert, D, Petropavlovskikh, I, Steinbrecht, W, Anderson, John, Bhartia, P K, Boone, C D, Bourassa, A E, Davis, S M, Degenstein, D A, Delcloo, A, Frith, S M, Froidevaux, L, Godin-Beekmann, S, Jones, Nicholas B, Kurylo, M J, Kyrola, E, Laine, M, Leblanc, S T, Lambert, J C, Liley, B, Mahieu, Emmanuel, Maycock, A, de Maziere, M, Parrish, A, Querel, R, Rosenlof, K H, Roth, C, Sioris, C, Staehelin, J, Stolarski, R S, Stubi, R, Tamminen, J, Vigouroux, C, Walker, K, Wang, H J, Wild, J, and Zawodny, J M
- Abstract
Trends in the vertical distribution of ozone are reported and compared for a number of new and recently revised data sets. The amount of ozone-depleting compounds in the stratosphere (as measured by equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine - EESC) was maximised in the second half of the 1990s. We examine the periods before and after the peak to see if any change in trend is discernible in the ozone record that might be attributable to a change in the EESC trend, though no attribution is attempted. Prior to 1998, trends in the upper stratosphere (~ 45 km, 4 hPa) are found to be −5 to −10 % per decade at mid-latitudes and closer to −5 % per decade in the tropics. No trends are found in the mid-stratosphere (28 km, 30 hPa). Negative trends are seen in the lower stratosphere at mid-latitudes in both hemispheres and in the deep tropics. However, it is hard to be categorical about the trends in the lower stratosphere for three reasons: (i) there are fewer measurements, (ii) the data quality is poorer, and (iii) the measurements in the 1990s are perturbed by aerosols from the Mt Pinatubo eruption in 1991. These findings are similar to those reported previously even though the measurements for the main satellite and ground-based records have been revised. There is no sign of a continued negative trend in the upper stratosphere since 1998: instead there is a hint of an average positive trend of ~ 2 % per decade in mid-latitudes and ~ 3 % per decade in the tropics. The significance of these upward trends is investigated using different assumptions of the independence of the trend estimates found from different data sets. The averaged upward trends are significant if the trends derived from various data sets are assumed to be independent (as in Pawson et al., 2014) but are generally not significant if the trends are not independent. This occurs because many of the underlying measurement records are used in more than one merged data set. At this point it is not possible to s
- Published
- 2015
17. Acetylene (C2H2) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) from IASI satellite observations: global distributions, validation, and comparison with model
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Duflot, V, Wespes, C, Clarisse, L, Hurtmans, D, Ngadi, Y, Jones, Nicholas B, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Hadji-Lazaro, J, Vigouroux, C, De Maziere, M, Metzger, J -M, Mahieu, Emmanuel, Servais, C, Hase, Frank, Schneider, Matthias, Clerbaux, C, Duflot, V, Wespes, C, Clarisse, L, Hurtmans, D, Ngadi, Y, Jones, Nicholas B, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Hadji-Lazaro, J, Vigouroux, C, De Maziere, M, Metzger, J -M, Mahieu, Emmanuel, Servais, C, Hase, Frank, Schneider, Matthias, and Clerbaux, C
- Abstract
We present global distributions of C2H2 and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) total columns derived from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) for the years 2008-2010. These distributions are obtained with a fast method allowing to retrieve C2H2 abundance globally with a 5 % precision and HCN abundance in the tropical (subtropical) belt with a 10 % (25 %) precision. IASI data are compared for validation purposes with ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer measurements at four selected stations. We show that there is an overall agreement between the ground-based and space measurements with correlation coefficients for daily mean measurements ranging from 0.28 to 0.81, depending on the site. Global C2H2 and subtropical HCN abundances retrieved from IASI spectra show the expected seasonality linked to variations in the anthropogenic emissions and seasonal biomass burning activity, as well as exceptional events, and are in good agreement with previous spaceborne studies. Total columns simulated by the Model for Ozone and Related Chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4) are compared to the ground-based FTIR measurements at the four selected stations. The model is able to capture the seasonality in the two species in most of the cases, with correlation coefficients for daily mean measurements ranging from 0.50 to 0.86, depending on the site. IASI measurements are also compared to the distributions from MOZART-4. Seasonal cycles observed from satellite data are reasonably well reproduced by the model with correlation coefficients ranging from −0.31 to 0.93 for C2H2 daily means, and from 0.09 to 0.86 for HCN daily means, depending on the considered region. However, the anthropogenic (biomass burning) emissions used in the model seem to be overestimated (underestimated), and a negative global mean bias of 1 % (16 %) of the model relative to the satellite observations was found for C2H2 (HCN).
- Published
- 2015
18. Trends of ozone total columns and vertical distribution from FTIR observations at eight NDACC stations around the globe
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Vigouroux, C, Blumenstock, Thomas, Coffey, M T, Errera, Q, Garcia, Omar E, Jones, Nicholas B, Hannigan, J W, Hase, Frank, Liley, B, Mahieu, Emmanuel, Mellqvist, J, Notholt, Justus, Palm, M, Persson, G, Schneider, Matthias, Servais, C, Smale, D, Tholix, L, De Maziere, M, Vigouroux, C, Blumenstock, Thomas, Coffey, M T, Errera, Q, Garcia, Omar E, Jones, Nicholas B, Hannigan, J W, Hase, Frank, Liley, B, Mahieu, Emmanuel, Mellqvist, J, Notholt, Justus, Palm, M, Persson, G, Schneider, Matthias, Servais, C, Smale, D, Tholix, L, and De Maziere, M
- Abstract
Ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements of solar absorption spectra can provide ozone total columns with a precision of 2% but also independent partial column amounts in about four vertical layers, one in the troposphere and three in the stratosphere up to about 45km, with a precision of 5-6%. We use eight of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) stations having a long-term time series of FTIR ozone measurements to study the total and vertical ozone trends and variability, namely, Ny-Ålesund (79° N), Thule (77° N), Kiruna (68° N), Harestua (60° N), Jungfraujoch (47° N), Izaña (28° N), Wollongong (34° S) and Lauder (45° S). The length of the FTIR time series varies by station but is typically from about 1995 to present. We applied to the monthly means of the ozone total and four partial columns a stepwise multiple regression model including the following proxies: solar cycle, quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Arctic and Antarctic Oscillation (AO/AAO), tropopause pressure (TP), equivalent latitude (EL), Eliassen-Palm flux (EPF), and volume of polar stratospheric clouds (VPSC). At the Arctic stations, the trends are found mostly negative in the troposphere and lower stratosphere, very mixed in the middle stratosphere, positive in the upper stratosphere due to a large increase in the 1995-2003 period, and non-significant when considering the total columns. The trends for mid-latitude and subtropical stations are all non-significant, except at Lauder in the troposphere and upper stratosphere and at Wollongong for the total columns and the lower and middle stratospheric columns where they are found positive. At Jungfraujoch, the upper stratospheric trend is close to significance (+0.9 ± 1.0% decade−1). Therefore, some signs of the onset of ozone mid-latitude recovery are observed only in the Southern Hemisphere, while a few more years seem to be needed to observe it at the northern
- Published
- 2015
19. Observed and simulated time evolution of HCl, ClONO₂ and HF total column abundances
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Kohlhepp, R., Ruhnke, R., Chipperfield, M.P., De Maziere, M., Notholt, J., Barthlott, S., Batchelor, R.L., Blatherwick, R.D., Blumenstock, Th., Coffey, M.T., Demoulin, P., Fast, H., Feng, W., Goldman, A., Griffith, D.W.T., Hamann, K., Hannigan, J.W., Hase, F., Jones, N.B., Kagawa, A., Kaiser, I., Kasai, Y., Kirner, O., Kouker, W., Lindenmaier, R., Mahieu, E., Mittermeier, R.L., Monge-Sanz, B., Morino, I., Murata, I., Nakajima, H., Palm, M., Paton-Walsh, C., Raffalski, U., Reddmann, Th., Rettinger, M., Rinsland, C.P., Rozanov, E., Schneider, M., Senten, C., Servais, C., Sinnhuber, B.M., Smale, D., Strong, K., Sussmann, R., Taylor, J.R., Vanhaelewyn, G., Warneke, T., Whaley, C., Wiehle, M., and Wood, S.W.
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Earth sciences ,ddc:550 - Published
- 2012
20. Carbon monoxide (CO) and ethane (C₂H₆) trends from ground-based solar FTIR measurements at six European stations, comparison and sensitivity analysis with the EMEP model
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Angelbratt, J., Mellqvist, J., Simpson, D., Jonson, J. E., Blumenstock, T., Borsdorff, T., Duchatelet, P., Forster, F., Hase, F., Mahieu, E., De Maziere, M., Notholt, J., Petersen, A. K., Raffalski, U., Servais, C., Sussmann, R., Warneke, T., and Vigouroux, C.
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Earth sciences ,ddc:550 - Abstract
Trends in the CO and C2H6 partial columns (~0–15 km) have been estimated from four European groundbasedsolar FTIR (Fourier Transform InfraRed) stations for the 1996–2006 time period. The CO trends from the four stations Jungfraujoch, Zugspitze, Harestua and Kiruna have been estimated to −0.45±0.16%yr−1, −1.00 ± 0.24%yr−1, −0.62±0.19%yr−1 and −0.61±0.16%yr−1, respectively. The corresponding trends for C2H6 are−1.51±0.23%yr−1, −2.11±0.30%yr−1, −1.09±0.25%yr−1 and −1.14±0.18%yr−1. All trends are presented with their 2-σ confidence intervals. To find possible reasons for the CO trends, the global-scale EMEP MSC-W chemical transport model has been used in a series of sensitivity scenarios. It is shown that the trends are consistent with the combination of a 20% decrease in the anthropogenic CO emissions seen in Europe and North America during the 1996–2006 period and a 20% increase in the anthropogenic CO emissions in East Asia, during the same time period. The possible impacts of CH4 and biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are also considered. The European and global-scale EMEP models have been evaluated against the measured CO and C2H6 partial columns from Jungfraujoch, Zugspitze, Bremen, Harestua, Kiruna and Ny-Ålesund. The European model reproduces, on average the measurements at the different sites fairly well and within 10–22% deviation for CO and 14–31% deviation for C2H6. Their seasonal amplitude is captured within 6–35% and 9–124% for CO and C2H6, respectively. However, 61–98% of the CO and C2H6 partial columns in the European model are shown to arise from the boundary conditions, making the globalscale model a more suitable alternative when modeling these two species. In the evaluation of the global model the average partial columns for 2006 are shown to be within 1–9% and 37–50% of the measurements for CO and C2H6, respectively. The global model sensitivity for assumptions made in this paper is also analyzed.
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- 2011
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21. Airborne DOAS measurements in Arctic: vertical distributions of aerosol extinction coefficient and NO2 concentration
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Merlaud, A., Van Roozendael, M., Theys, N., Fayt, C., Hermans, C., Quennehen, B., Schwarzenboeck, A., Ancellet, G., Pommier, M, Pelon, J., Burkhart, John Faulkner, Stohl, Andreas, De Maziere, M, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Laboratoire de météorologie physique (LaMP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
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lcsh:Chemistry ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph] ,[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere ,Azote Dioxide ,Arctic ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ,Troposphere ,POLARCAT ,DOAS instrument ,lcsh:Physics ,lcsh:QC1-999 - Abstract
We report on airborne Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) measurements of aerosol extinction and NO2 tropospheric profiles performed off the North coast of Norway in April 2008. The DOAS instrument was installed on the Safire ATR-42 aircraft during the POLARCAT-France spring campaign and recorded scattered light spectra in near-limb geometry using a scanning telescope. We use O4 slant column measurements to derive the aerosol extinction at 360 nm. Regularization is based on the maximum a posteriori solution, for which we compare a linear and a logarithmic approach. The latter inherently constrains the solution to positive values and yields aerosol extinction profiles more consistent with independently measured size distributions. We present results from two soundings performed on 8 April 2008 above 71° N, 22° E and on 9 April 2008 above 70° N, 17.8° E. The first profile shows aerosol extinction and NO2 in the marine boundary layer with respective values of 0.04 ± 0.005 km−1 and 1.9 ± 0.3 × 109 molec cm−3. A second extinction layer of 0.01 ± 0.003 km−1 is found at 4 km altitude where the NO2 concentration is 0.32 ± 0.2 × 109 molec cm−3. During the second sounding, clouds prevent retrieval of profile parts under 3 km altitude but a layer with enhanced extinction (0.025 ± 0.005 km−1) and NO2 (1.95 ± 0.2 × 109 molec cm−3) is clearly detected at 4 km altitude. From CO and ozone in-situ measurements complemented by back-trajectories, we interpret the measurements in the free troposphere as, for the first sounding, a mix between stratospheric and polluted air from Northern Europe and for the second sounding, polluted air from Central Europe containing NO2. Considering the boundary layer measurements of the first flight, modeled source regions indicate closer sources, especially the Kola Peninsula smelters, which can explain the NO2 enhancement not correlated with a CO increase at the same altitude.
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- 2011
22. Four years of ground-based MAX-DOAS observations of HONO and NO2 in the Beijing area
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Hendrick, F. (author), Müller, J.F. (author), Clémer, K. (author), Wang, P. (author), De Maziere, M. (author), Fayt, C. (author), Gielen, C. (author), Hermans, C. (author), Ma, J.Z. (author), Pinardi, G. (author), Stavrakou, T. (author), Vlemmix, T. (author), Van Roozendael, M. (author), Hendrick, F. (author), Müller, J.F. (author), Clémer, K. (author), Wang, P. (author), De Maziere, M. (author), Fayt, C. (author), Gielen, C. (author), Hermans, C. (author), Ma, J.Z. (author), Pinardi, G. (author), Stavrakou, T. (author), Vlemmix, T. (author), and Van Roozendael, M. (author)
- Abstract
Ground-based Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements of nitrous acid (HONO) and its precursor NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) as well as aerosols have been performed daily in Beijing city centre (39.98° N, 116.38° E) from July 2008 to April 2009 and at the suburban site of Xianghe (39.75° N, 116.96° E) located ~60 km east of Beijing from March 2010 to December 2012. This extensive dataset allowed for the first time the investigation of the seasonal cycle of HONO as well as its diurnal variation in and in the vicinity of a megacity. Our study was focused on the HONO and NO2 near-surface concentrations (0–200 m layer) and total vertical column densities (VCDs) and also aerosol optical depths (AODs) and extinction coefficients retrieved by applying the Optimal Estimation Method to the MAX-DOAS observations. Monthly averaged HONO near-surface concentrations at local noon display a strong seasonal cycle with a maximum in late fall/winter (~0.8 and 0.7 ppb at Beijing and Xianghe, respectively) and a minimum in summer (~0.1 ppb at Beijing and 0.03 ppb at Xianghe). The seasonal cycles of HONO and NO2 appear to be highly correlated, with correlation coefficients in the 0.7–0.9 and 0.5–0.8 ranges at Beijing and Xianghe, respectively. The stronger correlation of HONO with NO2 and also with aerosols observed in Beijing suggests possibly larger role of NO2 conversion into HONO in the Beijing city center than at Xianghe. The observed diurnal cycle of HONO near-surface concentration shows a maximum in the early morning (about 1 ppb at both sites) likely resulting from night-time accumulation, followed by a decrease to values of about 0.1–0.4 ppb around local noon. The HONO / NO2 ratio shows a similar pattern with a maximum in the early morning (values up to 0.08) and a decrease to ~0.01–0.02 around local noon. The seasonal and diurnal cycles of the HONO near-surface concentration are found to be similar in shape and in relative amplitude to the corre, Geoscience & Remote Sensing, Civil Engineering and Geosciences
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- 2014
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23. The Greenhouse Gas Climate Change Initiative (GHG-CCI): comparative validation of GHG-CCI SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT and TANSO-FTS/GOSAT CO2 and CH4 retrieval algorithm products with measurements from the TCCON
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Dils, B, Buchwitz, M, Reuter, Markus, Schneising, O, Boesch, Hartmut, Parker, R, Guerlet, Sandrine, Aben, Ilse, Blumenstock, Thomas, Burrows, J P, Butz, Andre, Deutscher, Nicholas, Frankenberg, Christian, Hase, Frank, Hasekamp, Otto, Heymann, J, De Maziere, M, Notholt, Justus, Sussmann, Ralf, Warneke, Thorsten, Griffith, D W. T, Sherlock, Vanessa, Wunch, Debra, Dils, B, Buchwitz, M, Reuter, Markus, Schneising, O, Boesch, Hartmut, Parker, R, Guerlet, Sandrine, Aben, Ilse, Blumenstock, Thomas, Burrows, J P, Butz, Andre, Deutscher, Nicholas, Frankenberg, Christian, Hase, Frank, Hasekamp, Otto, Heymann, J, De Maziere, M, Notholt, Justus, Sussmann, Ralf, Warneke, Thorsten, Griffith, D W. T, Sherlock, Vanessa, and Wunch, Debra
- Abstract
Column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of carbon dioxide and methane have been retrieved from spectra acquired by the TANSO-FTS (Thermal And Near-infrared Sensor for carbon Observations-Fourier Transform Spectrometer) and SCIAMACHY (Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Cartography) instruments on board GOSAT (Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite) and ENVISAT (ENVIronmental SATellite), respectively, using a range of European retrieval algorithms. These retrievals have been compared with data from ground-based high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometers (FTSs) from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). The participating algorithms are the weighting function modified differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) algorithm (WFMD, University of Bremen), the Bremen optimal estimation DOAS algorithm (BESD, University of Bremen), the iterative maximum a posteriori DOAS (IMAP, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and Netherlands Institute for Space Research algorithm (SRON)), the proxy and full-physics versions of SRON's RemoTeC algorithm (SRPR and SRFP, respectively) and the proxy and full-physics versions of University of Leicester's adaptation of the OCO (Orbiting Carbon Observatory) algorithm (OCPR and OCFP, respectively). The goal of this algorithm inter-comparison was to identify strengths and weaknesses of the various so-called round- robin data sets generated with the various algorithms so as to determine which of the competing algorithms would proceed to the next round of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Greenhouse Gas Climate Change Initiative (GHG-CCI) project, which is the generation of the so-called Climate Research Data Package (CRDP), which is the first version of the Essential Climate Variable (ECV) "greenhouse gases" (GHGs). For XCO2, all algorithms reach the precision requirements for inverse modelling (< 8 ppm), with only WFMD having a lower precision (4.7 ppm) than the other algorithm products (2.4–2.5 ppm). When loo
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- 2014
24. Monitoring the stratosphere in GEOmon and NDACC
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de Maziere, M., Roscoe, H. K., Lambert, J. C., Keckhut, Philippe, Textor, C., Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)
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[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] - Abstract
International audience; It is indispensable to monitor the atmospheric composition and its variability and trends, in order to identify and understand its long-term changes and evaluate the possible impacts on our environmental conditions. This monitoring of the Earth atmosphere on a global scale is the major objective of the European project GEOmon (http://www.geomon.eu). GEOmon includes a study of Stratospheric Ozone and Climate, including 64 ground-based instruments at 32 stations world-wide that make regular observations of stratospheric ozone, nitrogen dioxide, bromine oxide, halogenated reservoir species, water vapour, temperature, aerosol and polar stratospheric clouds. The resulting preliminary data are submitted rapidly to the GEOmon data center where they are publicly accessible. Most of the instruments are contributing to NDACC and have historical time series in the NDACC archive. Hence quality-controlled data are mostly archived at the NDACC Data Handling Facility (ftp://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/ndacc/) Some time series are also being revised to improve the homogeneity of the network, and to enable long-term trend studies and synergistic use with satellite data. The latter aspect requires a good characterisation of the information content of the ground-based and satellite data, work that is also ongoing in this GEOmon activity. This presentation will give an overview of the data set and highlight some recent results concerning long-term time series and trends, and their implications for stratospheric ozone recovery and the connections with climate parameters like the Brewer Dobson circulation.
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- 2009
25. Validation of HNO₃, ClONO₂, and N₂O₅ from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS)
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Wolff, M.A., Kerzenmacher, T., Strong, K., Walker, K.A., Toohey, M., Dupuy, E., Bernath, P.F., Boone, C.D., Brohede, S., Catoire, N., Clarmann, T.Von, Coffey, M., Daffer, W.H., De Maziere, M., Duchatelet, P., Glatthor, N., Griffith, D.W.T., Hannigan, J., Hase, F., Höpfner, M., Huret, N., Jones, N., Jucks, K., Kagawa, A., Kasai, Y., Kramer, I., Küllmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Mahieu, E., Manney, G., McElroy, C.T., McLinden, C., Mebarki, Y., Mikuteit, S., Murtagh, D., Piccolo, C., Raspollini, P., Ridolfi, M., Ruhnke, R., Santee, M., Senten, C., Smale, D., Tetard, C., Urban, J., and Wood, S.
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Earth sciences ,ddc:550 - Published
- 2008
26. Geophysical validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT operational ozone data
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Cortesi, U., Lambert, J. C., De Clercq, C., Bianchini, G., Blumenstock, T., Bracher, Astrid, Castelli, E., Catoire, V., Chance, K. V., De Maziere, M., Demoulin, P., Godin-Beekman, S., Jones, N., Jucks, K., Keim, C., Kerzenmacher, T., Kuellmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Iarlori, M., Liu, Y., McDermid, I. S., Meijer, Y., Mencaraglia, F., Oelhaf, H., Piccolo, C., Pirre, M., Raspollini, P., Ravegnani, F., Reburn, W. J., Redaelli, G., Sembhi, H., Smale, D., Steck, T., Taddei, A., Varotsos, K., Vigouroux, C., Waterfall, A., Wetzel, G., and Wood, S.
- Abstract
Part of the abstract: The Michelson Interferometer for Passive AtmosphericSounding (MIPAS), on-board the European ENVIronmentalSATellite (ENVISAT) launched on 1 March 2002,is a middle infrared Fourier Transform spectrometer measuringthe atmospheric emission spectrum in limb sounding geometry.The instrument is capable to retrieve the vertical distributionMIPAS data were re-processed by ESA using updated versions ofthe Instrument Processing Facility (IPF v4.61 and v4.62) andprovided a complete set of level-2 operational products (geolocatedvertical profiles of temperature and volume mixingratio of H2O, O3, HNO3, CH4, N2O and NO2). MIPAS operated in its standard observation mode for approximately two years, from July 2002 to March 2004. MIPAS data were re-processed by ESA using updated versions of the Instrument Processing Facility (IPF v4.61 and v4.62) and provided a complete set of level-2 operational products (geolocated vertical profiles of temperature and volume mixing ratio of H2O, O3, HNO3, CH4, N2O and NO2). MIPAS operated in its standard observation mode from July 2002 to March 2004, covering the altitude range from the mesosphere to the upper troposphere with relatively high vertical resolution (about 3 km in the stratosphere). In this paper, we report a detailed description of the validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT operational ozone data, that was based on the comparison between MIPAS v4.61 (and, to a lesser extent, v4.62) O3 VMR profilesand a comprehensive set of correlative data, including observations from ozone sondes, ground-based lidar, FTIR and microwave radiometers, remote-sensing and in situ instruments on-board stratospheric aircraft and balloons, concurrent satellite sensors and ozone fields assimilated by theEuropean Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasting. A clear indication of the validity of MIPAS O3 vertical profiles is obtained for most of the stratosphere, where the mean relative difference with the individual correlative data sets is always lower than ±10%. Furthermore, these differences always fall within the combined systematic error (from1 hPa to 50 hPa) and the standard deviation is fully consistent with the random error of the comparison (from 1 hPa to 3040 hPa).
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- 2007
27. Validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT NO₂ operational data
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Wetzel, G., Bracher, A., Funke, B., Goutail, F., Hendrick, F., Lambert, J.C., Mikuteit, S., Piccolo, C., Pirre, M., Bazureau, A., Belotti, C., Blumenstock, T., De Maziere, M., Fischer, H., Huret, N., Ionov, D., Lopez-Puertas, M., Maucher, G., Oelhaf, H., Pommereau, J.P., Ruhnke, R., Sinnhuber, M., Stiller, G., Van Roozendael, M., and Zhang, G.
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Earth sciences ,ddc:550 - Published
- 2007
28. Comparisons between SCIAMACHY and ground-based FTIR data for total columns of CO, CH₄, CO₂ and N₂O
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Dils, B., De Maziere, M., Müller, J.F., Blumenstock, T., Buchwitz, M., De Beek, R., Demoulin, P., Duchatelet, P., Fast, H., Frankenberg, C., Gloudemans, A., Griffith, D., Jones, N., Kernzenmacher, T., Kramer, I., Mahieu, E., Mellqvist, J., Mittermeier, R.L., Notholt, J., Rinsland, C.P., Schrijver, H., Smale, D., Strandberg, A., Straume, A.G., Stremme, W., Strong, K., Sussmann, R., Taylor, J., Van Den Broek, M., Velazco, V., Wagner, T., Warneke, T., Wiacek, A., and Wood, S.
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Earth sciences ,ddc:550 - Abstract
Total column amounts of CO, CH4, CO2 and N2O retrieved from SCIAMACHY nadir observations in ist near-infrared channels have been compared to data from a ground-based quasi-global network of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. The SCIAMACHY data considered here have been produced by three different retrieval algorithms, WFM-DOAS (version 0.5 for CO and CH4 and version 0.4 for CO2 and N2O), IMAP-DOAS (version 1.1 and 0.9 (for CO)) and IMLM (version 6.3) and cover the January to December 2003 time period. Comparisons have been made for individual data, as well as for monthly averages. To maximize the number of reliable coincidences that satisfy the temporal and spatial collocation criteria, the SCIAMACHY data have been compared with a temporal 3rd order polynomial interpolation of the ground-based data. Particular attention has been given to the question whether SCIAMACHY observes correctly the seasonal and latitudinal variability of the target species. The present results indicate that the individual SCIAMACHY data obtained with the actual versions of the algorithms have been significantly improved, but that the quality requirements, for estimating emissions on regional scales, are not yet met. Nevertheless, possible directions for further algorithm upgrades have been identified which should result in more reliable data products in a near future.
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- 2006
29. Observed and simulated time evolution of HCl, ClONO2, and HF total column abundances
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Kohlhepp, R, Ruhnke, R, Chipperfield, M P, De Maziere, M, Notholt, J, Barthlott, S, Batchelor, R L, Blatherwick, R D, Blumenstock, Th, Coffey, M T, Demoulin, P, Fast, H, Feng, W, Goldman, A, Griffith, D W. T, Hamann, K, Hannigan, J W, Hase, F, Jones, N B, Kagawa, A, Kaiser, I, Kasai, Y, Kirner, O, Kouker, W, Lindenmaier, R, Mahieu, E, MITTERMEIER, R L, Monge-Sanz, B, Morino, I, Murata, I, Nakajima, H, Palm, M, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Raffalski, U, Reddmann, Th, Rettinger, M, Rinsland, C P, Rozanov, E, Schneider, M, Senten, C, Servais, C, Sinnhuber, B M, Smale, D, Strong, K, Sussmann, R, Taylor, J R, Vanhaelewyn, G, Warneke, T, Whaley, C, Wiehle, M, Wood, S W, Kohlhepp, R, Ruhnke, R, Chipperfield, M P, De Maziere, M, Notholt, J, Barthlott, S, Batchelor, R L, Blatherwick, R D, Blumenstock, Th, Coffey, M T, Demoulin, P, Fast, H, Feng, W, Goldman, A, Griffith, D W. T, Hamann, K, Hannigan, J W, Hase, F, Jones, N B, Kagawa, A, Kaiser, I, Kasai, Y, Kirner, O, Kouker, W, Lindenmaier, R, Mahieu, E, MITTERMEIER, R L, Monge-Sanz, B, Morino, I, Murata, I, Nakajima, H, Palm, M, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Raffalski, U, Reddmann, Th, Rettinger, M, Rinsland, C P, Rozanov, E, Schneider, M, Senten, C, Servais, C, Sinnhuber, B M, Smale, D, Strong, K, Sussmann, R, Taylor, J R, Vanhaelewyn, G, Warneke, T, Whaley, C, Wiehle, M, and Wood, S W
- Abstract
Time series of total column abundances of hydrogen chloride (HCl), chlorine nitrate (ClONO2), and hydrogen fluoride (HF) were determined from ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra recorded at 17 sites belonging to the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) and located between 80.05° N and 77.82° S. By providing such a near-global overview on ground-based measurements of the two major stratospheric chlorine reservoir species, HCl and ClONO2, the present study is able to confirm the decrease of the atmospheric inorganic chlorine abundance during the last few years. This decrease is expected following the 1987 Montreal Protocol and its amendments and adjustments, where restrictions and a subsequent phase-out of the prominent anthropogenic chlorine source gases (solvents, chlorofluorocarbons) were agreed upon to enable a stabilisation and recovery of the stratospheric ozone layer. The atmospheric fluorine content is expected to be influenced by the Montreal Protocol, too, because most of the banned anthropogenic gases also represent important fluorine sources. But many of the substitutes to the banned gases also contain fluorine so that the HF total column abundance is expected to have continued to increase during the last few years. The measurements are compared with calculations from five different models: the two-dimensional Bremen model, the two chemistry-transport models KASIMA and SLIMCAT, and the two chemistry-climate models EMAC and SOCOL. Thereby, the ability of the models to reproduce the absolute total column amounts, the seasonal cycles, and the temporal evolution found in the FTIR measurements is investigated and inter-compared. This is especially interesting because the models have different architectures. The overall agreement between the measurements and models for the total column abundances and the seasonal cycles is good. Linear trends of HCl, ClONO2, and HF are calculated from both measurement and model t
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- 2012
30. Validation of IASI FORLI carbon monoxide retrievals using FTIR data from NDACC
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Kerzenmacher, T, Dils, B, Kumps, N, Blumenstock, T, Clerbaux, C, Coheur, P F, Demoulin, P, Garcia, Omaira, George, M, Griffith, David W, Hase, F, Hadji-Lazaro, J, Hurtmans, D, Jones, Nicholas B, Mahieu, E, Notholt, Justus, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Raffalski, U, Ridder, T, Schneider, M, Servais, C, De Maziere, M, Kerzenmacher, T, Dils, B, Kumps, N, Blumenstock, T, Clerbaux, C, Coheur, P F, Demoulin, P, Garcia, Omaira, George, M, Griffith, David W, Hase, F, Hadji-Lazaro, J, Hurtmans, D, Jones, Nicholas B, Mahieu, E, Notholt, Justus, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Raffalski, U, Ridder, T, Schneider, M, Servais, C, and De Maziere, M
- Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is retrieved daily and globally from space-borne IASI radiance spectra using the Fast Optimal Retrievals on Layers for IASI (FORLI) software developed at the Universit´e Libre de Bruxelles (ULB). The IASI CO total column product for 2008 from the most recent FORLI retrieval version (20100815) is evaluated using correlative CO profile products retrieved from groundbased solar absorption Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) observations at the following FTIR spectrometer sites from the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC): Ny-A° lesund, Kiruna, Bremen, Jungfraujoch, Iza˜na and Wollongong. In order to have good statistics for the comparisons, we included all IASI data from the same day, within a 100 km radius around the ground-based stations. The individual ground-based data were adjusted to the lowest altitude of the co-located IASI CO profiles. To account for the different vertical resolutions and sensitivities of the ground-based and satellite measurements, the averaging kernels associated with the various retrieved products have been used to properly smooth coincident data products. It has been found that the IASI CO total column products compare well on average with the co-located ground-based FTIR total columns at the selected NDACC sites and that there is no significant bias for the mean values at all stations.
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- 2012
31. Satellite evidence for a large source of formic acid from boreal and tropical forests
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Stavrakou, T, Muller, J F, Peeters, J, Razavi, A, Clarisse, L, Clerbaux, C, Coheur, P, Hurtmans, D, De Maziere, M, Vigouroux, C, Deutscher, Nicholas, Griffith, David, Jones, Nicholas, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Stavrakou, T, Muller, J F, Peeters, J, Razavi, A, Clarisse, L, Clerbaux, C, Coheur, P, Hurtmans, D, De Maziere, M, Vigouroux, C, Deutscher, Nicholas, Griffith, David, Jones, Nicholas, and Paton-Walsh, Clare
- Abstract
Formic acid contributes significantly to acid rain in remote environments1, 2. Direct sources of formic acid include human activities, biomass burning and plant leaves. Aside from these direct sources, sunlight-induced oxidation of non-methane hydrocarbons (largely of biogenic origin) is probably the largest source3, 4. However, model simulations substantially underpredict atmospheric formic acid levels5, 6, 7, indicating that not all sources have been included in the models. Here, we use satellite measurements of formic acid concentrations to constrain model simulations of the global formic acid budget. According to our simulations, 100–120 Tg of formic acid is produced annually, which is two to three times more than that estimated from known sources. We show that 90% of the formic acid produced is biogenic in origin, and largely sourced from tropical and boreal forests. We suggest that terpenoids—volatile organic compounds released by plants—are the predominant precursors. Model comparisons with independent observations of formic acid strengthen our conclusions, and provide indirect validation for the satellite measurements. Finally, we show that the larger formic acid emissions have a substantial impact on rainwater acidity, especially over boreal forests in the summer, where formic acid reduces pH by 0.25–0.5.
- Published
- 2011
32. Importance of secondary sources in the atmospheric budgets of formic and acetic acids
- Author
-
Paulot, Fabien, Wunch, Debra, Crounse, John D, Toon, G C, Millet, Dylan B, DeCarlo, Peter F, Vigouroux, C, Deutscher, Nicholas M, Gonzalez Abad, G, Notholt, Justus, Warneke, Thorsten, Hannigan, J, Warneke, Carsten, De Gouw, Joost A, Dunlea, Edward, De Maziere, M, Griffith, David W, Bernath, P, Jimenez, J L, Wennberg, Paul O, Paulot, Fabien, Wunch, Debra, Crounse, John D, Toon, G C, Millet, Dylan B, DeCarlo, Peter F, Vigouroux, C, Deutscher, Nicholas M, Gonzalez Abad, G, Notholt, Justus, Warneke, Thorsten, Hannigan, J, Warneke, Carsten, De Gouw, Joost A, Dunlea, Edward, De Maziere, M, Griffith, David W, Bernath, P, Jimenez, J L, and Wennberg, Paul O
- Abstract
We present a detailed budget of formic and acetic acids, two of the most abundant trace gases in the atmosphere. Our bottom-up estimate of the global source of formic and acetic acids are ~1200 and ~1400 Gmol yr−1, dominated by photochemical oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds, in particular isoprene. Their sinks are dominated by wet and dry deposition. We use the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model to evaluate this budget against an extensive suite of measurements from ground, ship and satellite-based Fourier transform spectrometers, as well as from several aircraft campaigns over North America. The model captures the seasonality of formic and acetic acids well but generally underestimates their concentration, particularly in the Northern midlatitudes. We infer that the source of both carboxylic acids may be up to 50% greater than our estimate and report evidence for a long-lived missing secondary source of carboxylic acids that may be associated with the aging of organic aerosols. Vertical profiles of formic acid in the upper troposphere support a negative temperature dependence of the reaction between formic acid and the hydroxyl radical as suggested by several theoretical studies.
- Published
- 2011
33. Validation of five years (2003-2007) of SCIAMACHY CO total column measurements using ground-based spectrometer observations
- Author
-
de Laat, A.T.J., Gloudemans, A.M.S., Schrijver, H., Aben, E.A.A., Nagahama, Y., Suzuki, K., Mahieu, E., Jones, N.B., Paton-Walsh, C., Deutscher, N.M., Griffith, D.W.T., De Maziere, M., Mittermeier, R.L., Fast, H., Notholt, J., Palm, M., Hawat, T., Blumenstock, T., Hase, F., Schneider, M., Rinsland, C., Dzhola, A.V., Grechko, E.I., Poberovskii, A.M., Makarova, M.V., Mellqvist, J., Strandberg, A., Sussmann, R., Borsdorff, T., de Laat, A.T.J., Gloudemans, A.M.S., Schrijver, H., Aben, E.A.A., Nagahama, Y., Suzuki, K., Mahieu, E., Jones, N.B., Paton-Walsh, C., Deutscher, N.M., Griffith, D.W.T., De Maziere, M., Mittermeier, R.L., Fast, H., Notholt, J., Palm, M., Hawat, T., Blumenstock, T., Hase, F., Schneider, M., Rinsland, C., Dzhola, A.V., Grechko, E.I., Poberovskii, A.M., Makarova, M.V., Mellqvist, J., Strandberg, A., Sussmann, R., and Borsdorff, T.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Importance of secondary sources in the atmospheric budgets of formic and acetic acids
- Author
-
Paulot, Fabien, Wunch, Debra, Crounse, John D, Toon, G C, Millet, Dylan B, DeCarlo, Peter F, Vigouroux, C, Deutscher, Nicholas M, Gonzalez Abad, G, Notholt, J, Warneke, Thorsten, Hannigan, J, Warneke, Carsten, De Gouw, Joost A, Dunlea, Edward, De Maziere, M., Griffith, David W, Bernath, P, Jimenez, J L, Wennberg, Paul O, Paulot, Fabien, Wunch, Debra, Crounse, John D, Toon, G C, Millet, Dylan B, DeCarlo, Peter F, Vigouroux, C, Deutscher, Nicholas M, Gonzalez Abad, G, Notholt, J, Warneke, Thorsten, Hannigan, J, Warneke, Carsten, De Gouw, Joost A, Dunlea, Edward, De Maziere, M., Griffith, David W, Bernath, P, Jimenez, J L, and Wennberg, Paul O
- Abstract
We present a detailed budget of formic and acetic acids, two of the most abundant trace gases in the atmosphere. Our bottom-up estimate of the global source of formic and acetic acids are ∼1200 and ∼1400 Gmol/yr, dominated by photochemical oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds, in particular isoprene. Their sinks are dominated by wet and dry deposition. We use the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model to evaluate this budget against an extensive suite of measurements from ground, ship and satellite-based Fourier transform spectrometers, as well as from several aircraft campaigns over North America. The model captures the seasonality of formic and acetic acids well but generally underestimates their concentration, particularly in the Northern midlatitudes. We infer that the source of both carboxylic acids may be up to 50% greater than our estimate and report evidence for a long-lived missing secondary source of carboxylic acids that may be associated with the aging of organic aerosols. Vertical profiles of formic acid in the upper troposphere support a negative temperature dependence of the reaction between formic acid and the hydroxyl radical as suggested by several theoretical studies. © Author(s) 2010.
- Published
- 2010
35. Validation of five years (2003-2007) of SCIAMACHY CO total column measurements using ground-based spectrometer observations
- Author
-
de Laat, A T. J, Gloudemans, A M. S, Schrijver, H, Aben, I, Nagahama, Y, Suzuki, K, Mahieu, E, Jones, N B, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Deutscher, N M, Griffith, D W. T, De Maziere, M, Mittermeier, R L, Fast, H, Notholt, J, Palm, M, Hawat, T, Blumenstock, T, Hase, F, Schneider, M, Rinsland, C, Dzhola, A V, Grechko, E I, Poberovskii, A M, Makarova, M V, Mellqvist, J, Strandberg, A, Sussmann, R, Borsdorff, T, Rettinger, M, de Laat, A T. J, Gloudemans, A M. S, Schrijver, H, Aben, I, Nagahama, Y, Suzuki, K, Mahieu, E, Jones, N B, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Deutscher, N M, Griffith, D W. T, De Maziere, M, Mittermeier, R L, Fast, H, Notholt, J, Palm, M, Hawat, T, Blumenstock, T, Hase, F, Schneider, M, Rinsland, C, Dzhola, A V, Grechko, E I, Poberovskii, A M, Makarova, M V, Mellqvist, J, Strandberg, A, Sussmann, R, Borsdorff, T, and Rettinger, M
- Abstract
This paper presents a validation study of SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) carbon monoxide (CO) total column measurements from the Iterative Maximum Likelihood Method (IMLM) algorithm using ground-based spectrometer observations from twenty surface stations for the five year time period of 2003–2007. Overall we find a good agreement between SCIAMACHY and ground-based observations for both mean values as well as seasonal variations. For high-latitude Northern Hemisphere stations absolute differences between SCIAMACHY and ground-based measurements are close to or fall within the SCIAMACHY CO 2 precision of 0.2×1018 molecules/cm2 (10%) indicating that SCIAMACHY can observe CO accurately at high Northern Hemisphere latitudes. For Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude stations the validation is complicated due to the vicinity of emission sources for almost all stations, leading to higher ground-based measurements compared to SCIAMACHY CO within its typical sampling area of 8 ×8. Comparisons with Northern Hemisphere mountain stations are hampered by elevation effects. After accounting for these effects, the validation provides satisfactory results
- Published
- 2010
36. Validation and data characteristics of methane and nitrous oxide profiles observed by MIPAS and processed with Version 4.61 algorithm.
- Author
-
Payan, S., Camy-Peyret, C., Oelhaf, H., Wetzel, G., Maucher, G., Kleim, C., Pirre, M., Huret, N., Engel, Anja, Volk, M. C., Kuellmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Cortesi, U., Bianchini, G., Mencaraglia, F., Raspollini, P., Redaelli, G., Vigouroux, C., De Maziere, M., Mikuteit, S., Blumenstock, T., Velazco, V., Notholt, Justus, Mahieu, M., Duchatelet, P., Smale, D., Wood, S., Jones, N., Piccolo, C., Payne, V., Bracher, Astrid, Glatthor, N., Stiller, G., Grunow, K., Jeseck, P., Te, Y., Butz, A., Payan, S., Camy-Peyret, C., Oelhaf, H., Wetzel, G., Maucher, G., Kleim, C., Pirre, M., Huret, N., Engel, Anja, Volk, M. C., Kuellmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Cortesi, U., Bianchini, G., Mencaraglia, F., Raspollini, P., Redaelli, G., Vigouroux, C., De Maziere, M., Mikuteit, S., Blumenstock, T., Velazco, V., Notholt, Justus, Mahieu, M., Duchatelet, P., Smale, D., Wood, S., Jones, N., Piccolo, C., Payne, V., Bracher, Astrid, Glatthor, N., Stiller, G., Grunow, K., Jeseck, P., Te, Y., and Butz, A.
- Abstract
The ENVISAT validation programme for the atmospheric instruments MIPAS, SCIAMACHY and GOMOS is based on a number of balloon-borne, aircraft, satellite and ground-based correlative measurements. In particular the activities of validation scientists were coordinated by ESA within the ENVISAT Stratospheric Aircraft and Balloon Campaign or ESABC. As part of a series of similar papers on other species [this issue] and in parallel to the contribution of the individual validation teams, the present paper provides a synthesis of comparisons performed between MIPAS CH4 and N2O profiles produced by the current ESA operational software (Instrument Processing Facility version 4.61 or IPF v4.61, full resolution MIPAS data covering the period 9 July 2002 to 26 March 2004) and correlative measurements obtained from balloon and aircraft experiments as well as from satellite sensors or from ground-based instruments. In the middle stratosphere, no significant bias is observed between MIPAS and correlative measurements, and MIPAS is providing a very consistent and global picture of the distribution of CH4 and N2O in this region. In average, the MIPAS CH4 values show a small positive bias in the lower stratosphere of about 5%. A similar situation is observed for N2O with a positive bias of 4%. In the lower stratosphere/upper troposphere (UT/LS) the individual used MIPAS data version 4.61 still exhibits some unphysical oscillations in individual CH4 and N2O profiles caused by the processing algorithm (with almost no regularization). Taking these problems into account, the MIPAS CH4 and N2O profiles are behaving as expected from the internal error estimation of IPF v4.61 and the estimated errors of the correlative measurements.
- Published
- 2009
37. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
- Author
-
Burrows, J. P., Christensen, T., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Kar, J., Boone, C. D., McElroy, C. T., Bernath, P. F., Drummond, J. R., Skelton, R., McLeod, S. D., Hughes, R. C., Nowlan, C. R., Dufour, D. G., Zou, J., Nichitiu, F., Strong, K., Baron, P., Bevilacqua, R. M., Blumenstock, T., Bodeker, G. E., Borsdorff, T., Bourassa, A. E., Bovensmann, H., Boyd, I. S., Bracher, Astrid, Brogniez, C., Catoire, V., Ceccherini, S., Chabrillat, S., Coffey, M. T., Cortesi, U., Davies, J., De Clercq, C., Degenstein, D. A., De Maziere, M., Demoulin, P., Dodion, J., Firanski, B., Fischer, Hubertus, Forbes, G., Froidevaux, L., Fussen, D., Gerard, P., Godin-Beekmann, S., Goutail, F., Granville, J., Griffith, D., Haley, C. S., Hannigan, J. W., Höpfner, M., Jin, J. J., Jones, A., Jones, N. B., Jucks, K., Kagawa, A., Kasai, Y., Kerzenmacher, T. E., Kleinböhl, A., Klekociuk, A. R., Kramer, I., Küllmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Kyrölä, E., Lambert, J. C., Livesey, N. J., Llewellyn, E. J., Lloyd, N. D., Mahieu, E., Manney, G. L., Marshall, B. T., McConnell, J. C., McCormick, M. P., McDermid, I. S., McHugh, M., McLinden, C. A., Mellqvist, J., Mizutani, K., Murayama, Y., Murtagh, D. P., Oelhaf, H., Parrish, A., Petelina, S. V., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, J.-P., Randall, C. E., Robert, C., Roth, C., Russell III, J. M., Schneider, M., Senten, C., Steck, T., Strandberg, A., Strawbridge, K. B., Sussmann, R., Swart, D. P. J., Tarasick, D. W., Taylor, James, Tétard, C., Thomason, L. W., Thompson, A. M., Tully, M. B., Urban, J., Vanhellemont, F., von Clarmann, T., von der Gathen, Peter, von Savigny, C., Waters, J. W., Witte, J. C., Wolff, Martha Maria, Zawodny, J. M., Burrows, J. P., Christensen, T., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Kar, J., Boone, C. D., McElroy, C. T., Bernath, P. F., Drummond, J. R., Skelton, R., McLeod, S. D., Hughes, R. C., Nowlan, C. R., Dufour, D. G., Zou, J., Nichitiu, F., Strong, K., Baron, P., Bevilacqua, R. M., Blumenstock, T., Bodeker, G. E., Borsdorff, T., Bourassa, A. E., Bovensmann, H., Boyd, I. S., Bracher, Astrid, Brogniez, C., Catoire, V., Ceccherini, S., Chabrillat, S., Coffey, M. T., Cortesi, U., Davies, J., De Clercq, C., Degenstein, D. A., De Maziere, M., Demoulin, P., Dodion, J., Firanski, B., Fischer, Hubertus, Forbes, G., Froidevaux, L., Fussen, D., Gerard, P., Godin-Beekmann, S., Goutail, F., Granville, J., Griffith, D., Haley, C. S., Hannigan, J. W., Höpfner, M., Jin, J. J., Jones, A., Jones, N. B., Jucks, K., Kagawa, A., Kasai, Y., Kerzenmacher, T. E., Kleinböhl, A., Klekociuk, A. R., Kramer, I., Küllmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Kyrölä, E., Lambert, J. C., Livesey, N. J., Llewellyn, E. J., Lloyd, N. D., Mahieu, E., Manney, G. L., Marshall, B. T., McConnell, J. C., McCormick, M. P., McDermid, I. S., McHugh, M., McLinden, C. A., Mellqvist, J., Mizutani, K., Murayama, Y., Murtagh, D. P., Oelhaf, H., Parrish, A., Petelina, S. V., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, J.-P., Randall, C. E., Robert, C., Roth, C., Russell III, J. M., Schneider, M., Senten, C., Steck, T., Strandberg, A., Strawbridge, K. B., Sussmann, R., Swart, D. P. J., Tarasick, D. W., Taylor, James, Tétard, C., Thomason, L. W., Thompson, A. M., Tully, M. B., Urban, J., Vanhellemont, F., von Clarmann, T., von der Gathen, Peter, von Savigny, C., Waters, J. W., Witte, J. C., Wolff, Martha Maria, and Zawodny, J. M.
- Abstract
This paper presents extensive {bias determination} analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) instrument. Here we compare the latest ozone data products from ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO with coincident observations from nearly 20 satellite-borne, airborne, balloon-borne and ground-based instruments, by analysing volume mixing ratio profiles and partial column densities. The ACE-FTS version 2.2 Ozone Update product reports more ozone than most correlative measurements from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. At altitude levels from 16 to 44 km, the average values of the mean relative differences are nearly all within +1 to +8%. At higher altitudes (4560 km), the ACE-FTS ozone amounts are significantly larger than those of the comparison instruments, with mean relative differences of up to +40% (about +20% on average). For the ACE-MAESTRO version 1.2 ozone data product, mean relative differences are within ±10% (average values within ±6%) between 18 and 40 km for both the sunrise and sunset measurements. At higher altitudes (~3555 km), systematic biases of opposite sign are found between the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise and sunset observations. While ozone amounts derived from the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise occultation data are often smaller than the coincident observations (with mean relative differences down to −10%), the sunset occultation profiles for ACE-MAESTRO show results that are qualitatively similar to ACE-FTS, indicating a large positive bias (mean relative differences within +10 to +30%) in the 4555 km altitude range. In contrast, there is no significant systematic difference in bias found for the ACE-FTS sunrise and sunset measurements.
- Published
- 2009
38. Validation of version-4.61 methane and nitrous oxide observed by MIPAS
- Author
-
Payan, S, Camy-Peyret, C, Oelhaf, H, Wetzel, G, Maucher, G, Keim, C, Pirre, M, Huret, N, Engel, A, Volk, M C, Kuellmann, H, Kuttippurath, J, Cortesi, U, Bianchini, G, Mencaraglia, F, Raspollini, P, Redaelli, G, Vigouroux, C, De Maziere, M, Mikuteit, S, Blumenstock, T, Velazco, Voltaire A, Notholt, J, Mahieu, E, Duchatelet, P, Smale, D, Wood, S, Jones, N, Piccolo, C, Payne, V, Bracher, A, Glatthor, N, Stiller, G P, Grunow, K, Jeseck, P, Te, Y, Butz, A, Payan, S, Camy-Peyret, C, Oelhaf, H, Wetzel, G, Maucher, G, Keim, C, Pirre, M, Huret, N, Engel, A, Volk, M C, Kuellmann, H, Kuttippurath, J, Cortesi, U, Bianchini, G, Mencaraglia, F, Raspollini, P, Redaelli, G, Vigouroux, C, De Maziere, M, Mikuteit, S, Blumenstock, T, Velazco, Voltaire A, Notholt, J, Mahieu, E, Duchatelet, P, Smale, D, Wood, S, Jones, N, Piccolo, C, Payne, V, Bracher, A, Glatthor, N, Stiller, G P, Grunow, K, Jeseck, P, Te, Y, and Butz, A
- Abstract
The ENVISAT validation programme for the atmospheric instruments MIPAS, SCIAMACHY and GOMOS is based on a number of balloon-borne, aircraft, satellite and ground-based correlative measurements. In particular the activities of validation scientists were coordinated by ESA within the ENVISAT Stratospheric Aircraft and Balloon Campaign or ESABC.
- Published
- 2009
39. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
- Author
-
Jones, Nicholas B, Griffith, David W, Wolff, M, Mahieu, E, Bodeker, G, Boyd, I, De Maziere, M, Demoulin, P, Blumenstock, T, Murayama, Y., Kagawa, A., Jin, J, McElroy, Christopher, Hannigan, J, Coffey, M, Hopfner, M, Fischer, H W, Kerzenmacher, T, Kramer, I, Mellqvist, J, Sussmann, R, Strong, K, Taylor, J R, Mizutani, K, Kasai, Y, Urban, J, Murtagh, D, Dupuy, E, Catoire, V, Chabrillat, S, Baron, P, Brogniez, C, Manney, G L, Piccolo, C, Randall, C, Robert, C, Senten, C, Tetard, C, Livesey, N J, Kleinbohl, A, Godin-Beekmann, S, Borsdorff, T, Drummond, James, De Clercq, C, Lambert, J C, Cortesi, U, Jucks, K W, Boone, C, Oelhaf, H, Schneider, M, Steck, T, Walker, K A, Bernath, P, von Clarmann, T, Hughes, R, Vigouroux, C, Kuttippurath, J, Bracher, A, McConnell, J, McLinden, C, Kullmann, H, Froidevaux, L, Dodion, J, Vanhellemont, F, Burrows, J P, kar, J, Goutail, F, Dufour, D G, Zawodny, J M, Nichitiu, F, Pommereau, J-P, Nowlan, C, Fussen, D, Zou, J, Klekociuk, A R, Forbes, G, Bovensmann, H, Bevilacqua, R M, Haley, C, Ceccherini, S, McLeod, S D, Gerard, P, Skelton, R, Firanski, B, Bourassa, A E, Degenstein, D A, Davies, J, Christensen, T, Granville, J, Parrish, A, Roth, C, Waters, J W, von Savigny, C, Standberg, A, McHugh, M, Thompson, A M, Llewellyn, E J, von der Gathen, P, Tully, M B, Witte, J C, Marshall, B T, Strawbridge, K B, Kyrola, E, McCormick, M P, Swart, D P J, Lloyd, N D, Tarasick, D W, Petelina, S V, Thomason, L W, Jones, A, McDermid, I S, Jones, Nicholas B, Griffith, David W, Wolff, M, Mahieu, E, Bodeker, G, Boyd, I, De Maziere, M, Demoulin, P, Blumenstock, T, Murayama, Y., Kagawa, A., Jin, J, McElroy, Christopher, Hannigan, J, Coffey, M, Hopfner, M, Fischer, H W, Kerzenmacher, T, Kramer, I, Mellqvist, J, Sussmann, R, Strong, K, Taylor, J R, Mizutani, K, Kasai, Y, Urban, J, Murtagh, D, Dupuy, E, Catoire, V, Chabrillat, S, Baron, P, Brogniez, C, Manney, G L, Piccolo, C, Randall, C, Robert, C, Senten, C, Tetard, C, Livesey, N J, Kleinbohl, A, Godin-Beekmann, S, Borsdorff, T, Drummond, James, De Clercq, C, Lambert, J C, Cortesi, U, Jucks, K W, Boone, C, Oelhaf, H, Schneider, M, Steck, T, Walker, K A, Bernath, P, von Clarmann, T, Hughes, R, Vigouroux, C, Kuttippurath, J, Bracher, A, McConnell, J, McLinden, C, Kullmann, H, Froidevaux, L, Dodion, J, Vanhellemont, F, Burrows, J P, kar, J, Goutail, F, Dufour, D G, Zawodny, J M, Nichitiu, F, Pommereau, J-P, Nowlan, C, Fussen, D, Zou, J, Klekociuk, A R, Forbes, G, Bovensmann, H, Bevilacqua, R M, Haley, C, Ceccherini, S, McLeod, S D, Gerard, P, Skelton, R, Firanski, B, Bourassa, A E, Degenstein, D A, Davies, J, Christensen, T, Granville, J, Parrish, A, Roth, C, Waters, J W, von Savigny, C, Standberg, A, McHugh, M, Thompson, A M, Llewellyn, E J, von der Gathen, P, Tully, M B, Witte, J C, Marshall, B T, Strawbridge, K B, Kyrola, E, McCormick, M P, Swart, D P J, Lloyd, N D, Tarasick, D W, Petelina, S V, Thomason, L W, Jones, A, and McDermid, I S
- Abstract
This paper presents extensive bias determination analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) instrument. Here we compare the latest ozone data products from ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO with coincident observations from nearly 20 satellite-borne, airborne, balloonborne and ground-based instruments, by analysing volume mixing ratio profiles and partial column densities. The ACEFTS version 2.2 Ozone Update product reports more ozone than most correlative measurements from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. At altitude levels from 16 to 44 km, the average values of the mean relative differences are nearly all within +1 to +8%. At higher altitudes (45¿60 km), the ACE-FTS ozone amounts are significantly larger than those of the comparison instruments, with mean relative differences of up to +40% (about +20% on average). For the ACE-MAESTRO version 1.2 ozone data product, mean relative differences are within +10% (average values within +6%) between 18 and 40 km for both the sunrise and sunset measurements. At higher altitudes (35¿55 km), systematic biases of opposite sign are found between the ACEMAESTRO sunrise and sunset observations. While ozone amounts derived from the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise occultation data are often smaller than the coincident observations (with mean relative differences down to ¿10%), the sunset occultation profiles for ACE-MAESTRO show results that are qualitatively similar to ACE-FTS, indicating a large positive bias (mean relative differences within +10 to +30%) in the 45¿55 km altitude range. In contrast, there is no significant systematic difference in bias found for the ACE-FTS sunrise and sunset measurements.
- Published
- 2009
40. Validation of HNO3, C1ONO2, and N2O5 from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS)
- Author
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Wolff, M A, Kerzenmacher, T, Strong, K, Walker, K A, Toohey, M, Dupuy, E, Bernath, P F, Boone, C, Brohede, S, Catoire, V, von Clarmann, T, Coffey, M, Daffer, W, De Maziere, M, Duchatelet, P, Glatthor, N, Griffith, David W, Hannigan, J, Hase, F, Hopfner, M, Huret, N, Jones, Nicholas B, Jucks, K W, Kagawa, A., Kasai, Y, Kramer, I, Kullmann, H, Kuttippurath, J, Mahieu, E, Manney, G L, McElroy, Christopher, McLinden, C, Mebarki, Y, Mikuteit, S, Murtagh, D, Piccolo, C, Raspollini, P, Ridolfi, M, Ruhnke, R, Santee, M, Senten, C, Smale, D, Tetard, C, Urban, J, Wood, S, Wolff, M A, Kerzenmacher, T, Strong, K, Walker, K A, Toohey, M, Dupuy, E, Bernath, P F, Boone, C, Brohede, S, Catoire, V, von Clarmann, T, Coffey, M, Daffer, W, De Maziere, M, Duchatelet, P, Glatthor, N, Griffith, David W, Hannigan, J, Hase, F, Hopfner, M, Huret, N, Jones, Nicholas B, Jucks, K W, Kagawa, A., Kasai, Y, Kramer, I, Kullmann, H, Kuttippurath, J, Mahieu, E, Manney, G L, McElroy, Christopher, McLinden, C, Mebarki, Y, Mikuteit, S, Murtagh, D, Piccolo, C, Raspollini, P, Ridolfi, M, Ruhnke, R, Santee, M, Senten, C, Smale, D, Tetard, C, Urban, J, and Wood, S
- Abstract
The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite was launched on 12 August 2003. Its two instruments measure vertical profiles of over 30 atmospheric trace gases by analyzing solar occultation spectra in the ultraviolet/visible and infrared wavelength regions. The reservoir gases HNO3, ClONO2, and N2O5 are three of the key species provided by the primary instrument, the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS). This paper describes the ACE-FTS version 2.2 data products, including the N2O5 update, for the three species and presents validation comparisons with available observations. We have compared volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles of HNO3, ClONO2, and N2O5 with measurements by other satellite instruments (SMR, MLS, MIPAS), aircraft measurements (ASUR), and single balloon-flights (SPIRALE, FIRS-2). Partial columns of HNO3 and ClONO2 were also compared with measurements by ground-based Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. Overall the quality of the ACE-FTS v2.2 HNO3 VMR profiles is good from 18 to 35 km. For the statistical satellite comparisons, the mean absolute differences are generally within ±1 ppbv ±20%) from 18 to 35 km. For MIPAS and MLS comparisons only, mean relative differences lie within±10% between 10 and 36 km. ACE-FTS HNO3 partial columns (~15–30 km) show a slight negative bias of −1.3% relative to the ground-based FTIRs at latitudes ranging from 77.8° S–76.5° N. Good agreement between ACE-FTS ClONO2 and MIPAS, using the Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung and Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IMK-IAA) data processor is seen. Mean absolute differences are typically within ±0.01 ppbv between 16 and 27 km and less than +0.09 ppbv between 27 and 34 km. The ClONO2 partial column comparisons show varying degrees of agreement, depending on the location and the quality of the FTIR measurements. Good agreement was found for the comparisons with the midlatitude Jungfraujoch partial columns for which the mean relative differenc
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- 2008
41. Validation of ACE-FTS v2.2 methane profiles from the upper troposphere to lower mesosphere
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De Maziere, M, Vigouroux, C, Bernath, P F, Baron, P, Blumenstock, T, Boone, C, Brogniez, C, Catoire, V, Coffey, M, Duchatelet, P, Griffith, David W, Hannigan, J, Kasai, Y, Kramer, I, Jones, Nicholas B, Mahieu, E, Manney, G L, Piccolo, C, Randall, C, Robert, C, Senten, C, Strong, K, Taylor, J R, Tetard, C, Walker, K A, Wood, S, De Maziere, M, Vigouroux, C, Bernath, P F, Baron, P, Blumenstock, T, Boone, C, Brogniez, C, Catoire, V, Coffey, M, Duchatelet, P, Griffith, David W, Hannigan, J, Kasai, Y, Kramer, I, Jones, Nicholas B, Mahieu, E, Manney, G L, Piccolo, C, Randall, C, Robert, C, Senten, C, Strong, K, Taylor, J R, Tetard, C, Walker, K A, and Wood, S
- Abstract
The ACE-FTS (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer) solar occultation instrument that was launched onboard the Canadian SCISAT-1 satellite in August 2003 is measuring vertical profiles from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere for a large number of atmospheric constituents. Methane is one of the key species. The version v2.2 data of the ACE-FTS CH4 data have been compared to correlative satellite, balloon-borne and ground-based Fourier transform infrared remote sensing data to assess their quality. The comparison results indicate that the accuracy of the data is within 10% in the upper troposphere lower stratosphere, and within 25% in the middle and higher stratosphere up to the lower mesosphere (km). The observed differences are generally consistent with reported systematic uncertainties. ACE-FTS is also shown to reproduce the variability of methane in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere.
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- 2008
42. Validation of ACE-FTS N2O measurements
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Strong, K, Wolff, M, Kerzenmacher, T, Walker, K A, Jones, Nicholas B, Griffith, David W, Mahieu, E, Wood, S, De Maziere, M, Demoulin, P, Blumenstock, T, Jin, J, Hannigan, J, Coffey, M, Hopfner, M, Duchatelet, P, Mellqvist, J, Strandberg, A, Taylor, J R, Warneke, Thorsten, Urban, J, Murtagh, D, Dupuy, E, Catoire, V, Piccolo, C, Robert, C, Senten, C, Tetard, C, Jucks, K W, Boone, C, Glatthor, N, Schneider, M, Mikuteit, S, Stiller, G P, Bernath, P, Schrems, O, Kuellmann, H, Raspollini, P, Lambert, A, McConnell, J, kittippurath, J, Semeniuk, K, Toohey, M, Ridolfi, M, Notholt, Justus, Strong, K, Wolff, M, Kerzenmacher, T, Walker, K A, Jones, Nicholas B, Griffith, David W, Mahieu, E, Wood, S, De Maziere, M, Demoulin, P, Blumenstock, T, Jin, J, Hannigan, J, Coffey, M, Hopfner, M, Duchatelet, P, Mellqvist, J, Strandberg, A, Taylor, J R, Warneke, Thorsten, Urban, J, Murtagh, D, Dupuy, E, Catoire, V, Piccolo, C, Robert, C, Senten, C, Tetard, C, Jucks, K W, Boone, C, Glatthor, N, Schneider, M, Mikuteit, S, Stiller, G P, Bernath, P, Schrems, O, Kuellmann, H, Raspollini, P, Lambert, A, McConnell, J, kittippurath, J, Semeniuk, K, Toohey, M, Ridolfi, M, and Notholt, Justus
- Abstract
The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), also known as SCISAT, was launched on 12 August 2003,carrying two instruments that measure vertical profiles of atmospheric constituents using the solar occultation technique.One of these instruments, the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS), is measuring volume mixing ratio profiles of nitrous oxide (N2O) from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. In this study, the quality of the ACE-FTS version 2.2 N2O data is assessed rough comparisons with coincident measurements made by other satellite, balloon-borne, aircraft, and ground-based instruments.These consist of vertical profile comparisons with the SMR, MLS, and MIPAS satellite instruments, multiple aircraft flights of ASUR, and single balloon flights of SPIRALE and FIRS-2, and artial column comparisons with a network of ground-based Fourier Transform InfraRed spectrometers(FTIRs). Overall, the quality of the ACE-FTS version 2.2 N2O VMR profiles appears to be good over the entire altitude range from 5 to 60 km. Between 6 and 30 km, the meanabsolute differences for the satellite comparisons lie between -42 ppbv and +17 ppbv, with most within 20 ppbv, correspondingto relative deviations from the mean that are mostly within 5%. Between 18 and 30 km, the mean absolute differences are generally within 10 ppbv, with relative deviations from the mean within 20%, except for the aircraft and balloon comparisons. From 30 to 60 km, the mean absolute differences are within 4 ppbv, and are mostly between -2 and +1 ppbv. Given the small N2O VMR in this region, therelative deviations from the mean are therefore large at these altitudes, with most suggesting a negative bias in the ACEFTS data between 30 and 50 km. In the comparisons with the FTIRs, the mean relative differences between the ACE-FTS and FTIR partial columns are within 6.6% for eleven of thetwelve contributing stations. This mean relative difference is negative at eight stations, suggesting a small negative
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- 2008
43. Validation of ACE-FTS v2.2 measurements of HCI, HF, CCI3F and CCI2F2 using space-, balloons- and ground-based instrument observations
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Mahieu, E, Duchatelet, P, Demoulin, P, Froidevaux, L, Randall, C, Jones, Nicholas B, Griffith, David W, Toon, G C, Blavier, J-F, Rinsland, C P, Zander, R, Wood, S, De Maziere, M, Blumenstock, T, Kagawa, A., Hannigan, J, Coffey, M, Hase, F, Smale, D, Strong, K, Taylor, J R, Warneke, Thorsten, Kasai, Y, Dupuy, E, Catoire, V, Robert, C, Senten, C, Tetard, C, Jucks, K W, Boone, C, Mikuteit, S, Walker, K A, Bernath, P, Schrems, O, Mebarki, Y, Nassar, R, Servais, C, Notholt, Justus, Mahieu, E, Duchatelet, P, Demoulin, P, Froidevaux, L, Randall, C, Jones, Nicholas B, Griffith, David W, Toon, G C, Blavier, J-F, Rinsland, C P, Zander, R, Wood, S, De Maziere, M, Blumenstock, T, Kagawa, A., Hannigan, J, Coffey, M, Hase, F, Smale, D, Strong, K, Taylor, J R, Warneke, Thorsten, Kasai, Y, Dupuy, E, Catoire, V, Robert, C, Senten, C, Tetard, C, Jucks, K W, Boone, C, Mikuteit, S, Walker, K A, Bernath, P, Schrems, O, Mebarki, Y, Nassar, R, Servais, C, and Notholt, Justus
- Abstract
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) are respectively the main chlorine and fluorine reservoirs in the Earth's stratosphere. Their buildup resulted from the intensive use of man-made halogenated source gases, in particular CFC-11 (CCl3F) and CFC-12 (CCl2F2), during the second half of the 20th century. It is important to continue monitoring the evolution of these source gases and reservoirs, in support of the Montreal Protocol and also indirectly of the Kyoto Protocol. The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) is a space-based instrument that has been performing regular solar occultation measurements of over 30 atmospheric gases since early 2004. In this validation paper, the HCl, HF, CFC-11 and CFC-12 version 2.2 profile data products retrieved from ACE-FTS measurements are evaluated. Volume mixing ratio profiles have been compared to observations made from space by MLS and HALOE, and from stratospheric balloons by SPIRALE, FIRS-2 and Mark-IV. Partial columns derived from the ACE-FTS data were also compared to column measurements from ground-based Fourier transform instruments operated at 12 sites. ACE-FTS data recorded from March 2004 to August 2007 have been used for the comparisons. These data are representative of a variety of atmospheric and chemical situations, with sounded air masses extending from the winter vortex to summer sub-tropical conditions. Typically, the ACE-FTS products are available in the 10–50 km altitude range for HCl and HF, and in the 7–20 and 7–25 km ranges for CFC-11 and -12, respectively. For both reservoirs, comparison results indicate an agreement generally better than 5–10% above 20 km altitude, when accounting for the known offset affecting HALOE measurements of HCl and HF. Larger positive differences are however found for comparisons with single profiles from FIRS-2 and SPIRALE. For CFCs, the few coincident measurements available suggest that the differences probably remain within ±20
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- 2008
44. Trend analysis of greenhouse gases over Europe measured by a network of ground-based remote FTIR instruments
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Gardiner, T, Forbes, A, De Maziere, M, Vigouroux, C, Mahieu, E, Demoulin, P, Velazco, Voltaire A, Notholt, J, Blumenstock, T, Hase, F, Kramer, I, Sussmann, R, Stremme, W, Mellqvist, J, Strandberg, A, Ellingsen, K, Gauss, M, Gardiner, T, Forbes, A, De Maziere, M, Vigouroux, C, Mahieu, E, Demoulin, P, Velazco, Voltaire A, Notholt, J, Blumenstock, T, Hase, F, Kramer, I, Sussmann, R, Stremme, W, Mellqvist, J, Strandberg, A, Ellingsen, K, and Gauss, M
- Abstract
This paper describes the statistical analysis of annual trends in long term datasets of greenhouse gas measurements taken over ten or more years. The analysis technique employs a bootstrap resampling method to determine both the long-term and intra-annual variability of the datasets, together with the uncertainties on the trend values.
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- 2008
45. Evaluation of tropospheric and stratospheric ozone trends over Western Europe from ground-based FTIR network observations
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Vigouroux, C, De Maziere, M, Demoulin, P, Servais, C, Hase, F, Blumenstock, T, Kramer, I, Schneider, M, Mellqvist, J, Strandberg, A, Velazco, Voltaire A, Notholt, J, Sussmann, R, Stremme, W, Rockmann, A, Gardiner, T, Coleman, M, Woods, P, Vigouroux, C, De Maziere, M, Demoulin, P, Servais, C, Hase, F, Blumenstock, T, Kramer, I, Schneider, M, Mellqvist, J, Strandberg, A, Velazco, Voltaire A, Notholt, J, Sussmann, R, Stremme, W, Rockmann, A, Gardiner, T, Coleman, M, and Woods, P
- Abstract
Within the European project UFTIR (Time series of Upper Free Troposphere observations from an European ground-based FTIR network), six ground-based stations in Western Europe, from 79° N to 28° N, all equipped with Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) instruments and part of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC), have joined their efforts to evaluate the trends of several direct and indirect greenhouse gases over the period 1995–2004. The retrievals of CO, CH4, C2H6, N2O, CHClF2, and O3 have been optimized. Using the optimal estimation method, some vertical information can be obtained in addition to total column amounts. A bootstrap resampling method has been implemented to determine annual partial and total column trends for the target gases. The present work focuses on the ozone results. The retrieved time series of partial and total ozone columns are validated with ground-based correlative data (Brewer, Dobson, UV-Vis, ozonesondes, and Lidar). The observed total column ozone trends are in agreement with previous studies: 1) no total column ozone trend is seen at the lowest latitude station Izaña (28° N); 2) slightly positive total column trends are seen at the two mid-latitude stations Zugspitze and Jungfraujoch (47° N), only one of them being significant; 3) the highest latitude stations Harestua (60° N), Kiruna (68° N) and Ny-Ålesund (79° N) show significant positive total column trends. Following the vertical information contained in the ozone FTIR retrievals, we provide partial columns trends for the layers: ground-10 km, 10–18 km, 18–27 km, and 27–42 km, which helps to distinguish the contributions from dynamical and chemical changes on the total column ozone trends. We obtain no statistically significant trends in the ground-10 km layer for five out of the six ground-based stations. We find significant positive trends for the lowermost stratosphere at the two mid-latitude stations, and at Ny-Ålesund. We find smaller, but signi
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- 2008
46. Wetzel G., Bracher A., Funke B., Goutail F., Hendrick F., Lambert J.-C., Mikuteit S., Piccolo C., Pirre M., Bazureau A., Belotti C., Blumenstock T., De Maziere M., Fischer H., Huret N., Ionov D., Lopez-Puertas M., Maucher G., Oelhaf H., Ruhnke R., Sinnhuber M., Stiller G., Van Roozendael M. and Zhang G. Validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT NO2 operational data.
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Wetzel, G., Bracher, Astrid, Funke, B., Goutail, F., Hendrick, F., Lambert, J. C., Mikuteit, S., Piccolo, C., Pirre, M., Bazureau, A., Belotti, C., Blumenstock, T., De Maziere, M., Fischer, Hubertus, Huret, N., Ionov, D., Lopez-Puertas, M., Maucher, G., Oelhaf, H., Ruhnke, R., Sinnhuber, M., Stiller, G., Van Roozendael, M., Zhang, G., Wetzel, G., Bracher, Astrid, Funke, B., Goutail, F., Hendrick, F., Lambert, J. C., Mikuteit, S., Piccolo, C., Pirre, M., Bazureau, A., Belotti, C., Blumenstock, T., De Maziere, M., Fischer, Hubertus, Huret, N., Ionov, D., Lopez-Puertas, M., Maucher, G., Oelhaf, H., Ruhnke, R., Sinnhuber, M., Stiller, G., Van Roozendael, M., and Zhang, G.
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- 2007
47. Validation of MIPAS HNO3 operational data
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Wang, D Y, Hopfner, M, Blom, C E, Ward, W E, Jones, Nicholas B, Toon, G C, Mahieu, E, Wood, S, De Maziere, M, Demoulin, P, Blumenstock, T, Hase, F, Fischer, H W, Smale, D, Bianchini, G, Redaelli, G, Mencaraglia, F, Urban, J, Murtagh, D, Pirre, M, Catoire, V, Huret, N, Nakajima, H, Piccolo, C, Sugita, T, Kleinbohl, A, Cortesi, U, Boone, C, Oelhaf, H, Keim, C, Liu, G Y, Wetzel, G, Mikuteit, S, Walker, K A, Bernath, P, Vigouroux, C, Kuttippurath, J, Wang, D Y, Hopfner, M, Blom, C E, Ward, W E, Jones, Nicholas B, Toon, G C, Mahieu, E, Wood, S, De Maziere, M, Demoulin, P, Blumenstock, T, Hase, F, Fischer, H W, Smale, D, Bianchini, G, Redaelli, G, Mencaraglia, F, Urban, J, Murtagh, D, Pirre, M, Catoire, V, Huret, N, Nakajima, H, Piccolo, C, Sugita, T, Kleinbohl, A, Cortesi, U, Boone, C, Oelhaf, H, Keim, C, Liu, G Y, Wetzel, G, Mikuteit, S, Walker, K A, Bernath, P, Vigouroux, C, and Kuttippurath, J
- Abstract
Nitric acid (HNO3) is one of the key products that are operationally retrieved by the European Space Agency (ESA) from the emission spectra measured by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) onboard ENVISAT. The product version 4.61/4.62 for the observation period between July 2002 and March 2004 is validated by comparisons with a number of independent observations from ground-based stations, aircraft/balloon campaigns, and satellites. Individual HNO3 profiles of the ESA MIPAS level-2 product show good agreement with those of MIPAS-B and MIPAS-STR (the balloon and aircraft version of MIPAS, respectively), and the balloon-borne infrared spectrometers MkIV and SPIRALE, mostly matching the reference data within the combined instrument error bars. In most cases differences between the correlative measurement pairs are less than 1 ppbv (510%) throughout the entire altitude range up to about 38 km (~6 hPa), and below 0.5 ppbv (1520% or more) above 30 km (~17 hPa). However, differences up to 4 ppbv compared to MkIV have been found at high latitudes in December 2002 in the presence of polar stratospheric clouds. The degree of consistency is further largely affected by the temporal and spatial coincidence, and differences of 2 ppbv may be observed between 22 and 26 km (~50 and 30 hPa) at high latitudes near the vortex boundary, due to large horizontal inhomogeneity of HNO3. Similar features are also observed in the mean differences of the MIPAS ESA HNO3 VMRs with respect to the ground-based FTIR measurements at five stations, aircraft-based SAFIRE-A and ASUR, and the balloon campaign IBEX. The mean relative differences between the MIPAS and FTIR HNO3 partial columns are within +2%, comparable to the MIPAS systematic error of ~2%. For the vertical profiles, the biases between the MIPAS and FTIR data are generally below 10% in the altitudes of 10 to 30 km. The MIPAS and SAFIRE HNO3 data generally match within their total error bars for the mid an
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- 2007
48. Validation of WFM-DOAS V0.6 CO and V1.0 CH4 scientific products using European ground-based FTIR measurements
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Dils, B, De Maziere, M, Blumenstock, T, Hase, F, Kramer, I, Mahieu, E, Demoulin, P, Duchatelet, P, Mellqvist, J, Strandberg, A, Buchwitz, M, Khlystova, I, Schneising, O, Velazco, Voltaire A, Notholt, Justus, Sussmann, R, Stremme, W, Dils, B, De Maziere, M, Blumenstock, T, Hase, F, Kramer, I, Mahieu, E, Demoulin, P, Duchatelet, P, Mellqvist, J, Strandberg, A, Buchwitz, M, Khlystova, I, Schneising, O, Velazco, Voltaire A, Notholt, Justus, Sussmann, R, and Stremme, W
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- 2007
49. Geophysical validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT operational ozone data
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Cortesi, U, Lambert, J C, De Clercq, C, Bianchini, G., Blumenstock, T, Bracher, A., Castelli, E., Catoire, V., Chance, K. V., De Maziere, M., Demoulin, P., Godin-Beekmann, S., Jones, N. B., Jucks, K., Keim, C., Kerzenmacher, T., Kuellmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Iarlori, M., Liu, G. Y., Liu, Y., McDermid, I. S., Meijer, Y. J., Mencaraglia, F., Mikuteit, S., Oelhaf, H., Piccolo, C., Pirre, M., Raspollini, P., Ravegnani, F., Reburn, W. J., Redaelli, G., Remedios, J. J., Sembhi, H., Smale, D., Steck, T., Taddei, A., Varotsos, C., Vigouroux, C., Waterfall, A., Wetzel, G., Wood, S., Cortesi, U, Lambert, J C, De Clercq, C, Bianchini, G., Blumenstock, T, Bracher, A., Castelli, E., Catoire, V., Chance, K. V., De Maziere, M., Demoulin, P., Godin-Beekmann, S., Jones, N. B., Jucks, K., Keim, C., Kerzenmacher, T., Kuellmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Iarlori, M., Liu, G. Y., Liu, Y., McDermid, I. S., Meijer, Y. J., Mencaraglia, F., Mikuteit, S., Oelhaf, H., Piccolo, C., Pirre, M., Raspollini, P., Ravegnani, F., Reburn, W. J., Redaelli, G., Remedios, J. J., Sembhi, H., Smale, D., Steck, T., Taddei, A., Varotsos, C., Vigouroux, C., Waterfall, A., Wetzel, G., and Wood, S.
- Abstract
The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), on-board the European ENVIronmental SATellite (ENVISAT) launched on 1 March 2002, is a middle infrared Fourier Transform spectrometer measuring the atmospheric emission spectrum in limb sounding geometry. The instrument is capable to retrieve the vertical distribution of temperature and trace gases, aiming at the study of climate and atmospheric chemistry and dynamics, and at applications to data assimilation and weather forecasting.
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- 2007
50. Comparisons between groundbased FTIR and MIPAS N2O and HNO3 profiles before and after assimilation in BASCOE
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Vigouroux, C, De Maziere, M, Errera, C, Chabrillat, S, Mahieu, E, Duchatelet, P, Wood, S. W., Smale, D, Mikuteit, S, Blumenstock, T, Hase, F, Jones, Nicholas B, Vigouroux, C, De Maziere, M, Errera, C, Chabrillat, S, Mahieu, E, Duchatelet, P, Wood, S. W., Smale, D, Mikuteit, S, Blumenstock, T, Hase, F, and Jones, Nicholas B
- Abstract
Within the framework of the Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC), regular ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements of many species are performed at several locations. Inversion schemes provide vertical profile information and characterization of the retrieved products which are therefore relevant for contributing to the validation of MIPAS profiles in the stratosphere and upper troposphere. We have focused on the species HNO3 and N2O at 5 NDACC-sites distributed in both hemispheres, i.e., Jungfraujoch (46.5 degrees N) and Kiruna (68 degrees N) for the northern hemisphere, and Wollongong (34 degrees S), Lauder (45 degrees S) and Arrival Heights (78 degrees S) for the southern hemisphere. These ground-based data have been compared with MIPAS offline profiles (v4.61) for the year 2003, collocated within 1000 km around the stations, in the lower to middle stratosphere. To get around the spatial collocation problem, comparisons have also been made between the same ground-based FTIR data and the corresponding profiles resulting from the stratospheric 4D-VAR data assimilation system BASCOE constrained by MIPAS data. This paper discusses the results of the comparisons and the usefullness of using BASCOE profiles as proxies for MIPAS data. It shows good agreement between MIPAS and FTIR N2O partial columns: the biases are below 5% for all the stations and the standard deviations are below 7% for the three mid-latitude stations, and below 10% for the high latitude ones. The comparisons with BASCOE partial columns give standard deviations below 4% for the mid-latitude stations to less than 8% for the high latitude ones. After making some corrections to take into account the known bias due to the use of different spectroscopic parameters, the comparisons of HNO3 partial columns show biases below 3% and standard deviations below 15% for all the stations except Arrival Heights (bias of 5%, standard deviation of 21%). The results for th
- Published
- 2007
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