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3. L’espressione e la percezione delle emozioni vocali in apprendenti di Italiano L2

Author

De Marco, Anna and Paone, Emanuela

Subjects
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, P101-410
Abstract

This study explored the expression and the perception of vocal emotions in L2 learners of Italian coming from different countries. We carried out an acoustic analysis of learners’ emotional speech in their L1s and in Italian, to verify to what extent their L1 influenced their productions in L2. To test learners’ ability to decode vocal emotions expressed by natives, we administered a perception test containing emotional stimuli in Italian; to verify the effectiveness of learners’ emotional speech, we administered a perception test to Italian listeners. Results revealed that learners’ productions were influenced by their L1s, consequently Italians experienced difficulties in decoding them. Learners encountered the same difficulties in identifying natives’ emotional speech. Such awareness could be useful for L2 teaching practices.

Published
2014
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4. A pan-influenza antibody inhibiting neuraminidase via receptor mimicry

Author

Momont, Corey, Dang, Ha V., Zatta, Fabrizia, Hauser, Kevin, Wang, Caihong, di Iulio, Julia, Minola, Andrea, Czudnochowski, Nadine, De Marco, Anna, Branch, Kaitlin, Donermeyer, David, Vyas, Siddhant, Chen, Alex, Ferri, Elena, Guarino, Barbara, Powell, Abigail E., Spreafico, Roberto, Yim, Samantha S., Balce, Dale R., Bartha, Istvan, Meury, Marcel, Croll, Tristan I., Belnap, David M., Schmid, Michael A., Schaiff, William Timothy, Miller, Jessica L., Cameroni, Elisabetta, Telenti, Amalio, Virgin, Herbert W., Rosen, Laura E., Purcell, Lisa A., Lanzavecchia, Antonio, Snell, Gyorgy, Corti, Davide, and Pizzuto, Matteo Samuele

Published
2023
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5. SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibodies that maximize breadth and resistance to escape

Author

Starr, Tyler N, Czudnochowski, Nadine, Liu, Zhuoming, Zatta, Fabrizia, Park, Young-Jun, Addetia, Amin, Pinto, Dora, Beltramello, Martina, Hernandez, Patrick, Greaney, Allison J, Marzi, Roberta, Glass, William G, Zhang, Ivy, Dingens, Adam S, Bowen, John E, Tortorici, M Alejandra, Walls, Alexandra C, Wojcechowskyj, Jason A, De Marco, Anna, Rosen, Laura E, Zhou, Jiayi, Montiel-Ruiz, Martin, Kaiser, Hannah, Dillen, Josh R, Tucker, Heather, Bassi, Jessica, Silacci-Fregni, Chiara, Housley, Michael P, di Iulio, Julia, Lombardo, Gloria, Agostini, Maria, Sprugasci, Nicole, Culap, Katja, Jaconi, Stefano, Meury, Marcel, Dellota Jr, Exequiel, Abdelnabi, Rana, Foo, Shi-Yan Caroline, Cameroni, Elisabetta, Stumpf, Spencer, Croll, Tristan I, Nix, Jay C, Havenar-Daughton, Colin, Piccoli, Luca, Benigni, Fabio, Neyts, Johan, Telenti, Amalio, Lempp, Florian A, Pizzuto, Matteo S, Chodera, John D, Hebner, Christy M, Virgin, Herbert W, Whelan, Sean PJ, Veesler, David, Corti, Davide, Bloom, Jesse D, and Snell, Gyorgy

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Vaccine Related, Lung, Prevention, Biodefense, Pneumonia & Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Immunization, Pneumonia, Biotechnology, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Aged, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Viral, Antibody Affinity, Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies, COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines, Cell Line, Cricetinae, Cross Reactions, Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte, Female, Humans, Immune Evasion, Male, Mesocricetus, Middle Aged, Models, Molecular, SARS-CoV-2, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Vaccinology, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, General Science & Technology
Abstract

An ideal therapeutic anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody would resist viral escape1-3, have activity against diverse sarbecoviruses4-7, and be highly protective through viral neutralization8-11 and effector functions12,13. Understanding how these properties relate to each other and vary across epitopes would aid the development of therapeutic antibodies and guide vaccine design. Here we comprehensively characterize escape, breadth and potency across a panel of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Despite a trade-off between in vitro neutralization potency and breadth of sarbecovirus binding, we identify neutralizing antibodies with exceptional sarbecovirus breadth and a corresponding resistance to SARS-CoV-2 escape. One of these antibodies, S2H97, binds with high affinity across all sarbecovirus clades to a cryptic epitope and prophylactically protects hamsters from viral challenge. Antibodies that target the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor-binding motif (RBM) typically have poor breadth and are readily escaped by mutations despite high neutralization potency. Nevertheless, we also characterize a potent RBM antibody (S2E128) with breadth across sarbecoviruses related to SARS-CoV-2 and a high barrier to viral escape. These data highlight principles underlying variation in escape, breadth and potency among antibodies that target the RBD, and identify epitopes and features to prioritize for therapeutic development against the current and potential future pandemics.

Published
2021

6. Circulating SARS-CoV-2 spike N439K variants maintain fitness while evading antibody-mediated immunity

Author

Thomson, Emma C, Rosen, Laura E, Shepherd, James G, Spreafico, Roberto, da Silva Filipe, Ana, Wojcechowskyj, Jason A, Davis, Chris, Piccoli, Luca, Pascall, David J, Dillen, Josh, Lytras, Spyros, Czudnochowski, Nadine, Shah, Rajiv, Meury, Marcel, Jesudason, Natasha, De Marco, Anna, Li, Kathy, Bassi, Jessica, O’Toole, Aine, Pinto, Dora, Colquhoun, Rachel M, Culap, Katja, Jackson, Ben, Zatta, Fabrizia, Rambaut, Andrew, Jaconi, Stefano, Sreenu, Vattipally B, Nix, Jay, Zhang, Ivy, Jarrett, Ruth F, Glass, William G, Beltramello, Martina, Nomikou, Kyriaki, Pizzuto, Matteo, Tong, Lily, Cameroni, Elisabetta, Croll, Tristan I, Johnson, Natasha, Di Iulio, Julia, Wickenhagen, Arthur, Ceschi, Alessandro, Harbison, Aoife M, Mair, Daniel, Ferrari, Paolo, Smollett, Katherine, Sallusto, Federica, Carmichael, Stephen, Garzoni, Christian, Nichols, Jenna, Galli, Massimo, Hughes, Joseph, Riva, Agostino, Ho, Antonia, Schiuma, Marco, Semple, Malcolm G, Openshaw, Peter JM, Fadda, Elisa, Baillie, J Kenneth, Chodera, John D, Investigators, The ISARIC4C, Consortium, the COVID-19 Genomics UK, Rihn, Suzannah J, Lycett, Samantha J, Virgin, Herbert W, Telenti, Amalio, Corti, Davide, Robertson, David L, and Snell, Gyorgy

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Immunology, Pneumonia, Prevention, Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Related, Immunization, Pneumonia & Influenza, Biodefense, Biotechnology, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Lung, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, COVID-19, Genetic Fitness, Humans, Immune Evasion, Mutation, Phylogeny, SARS-CoV-2, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Virulence, ISARIC4C Investigators, COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, N439K, Spike, monoclonal antibody escape, mutation, protein structure, receptor binding motif, variant, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 can mutate and evade immunity, with consequences for efficacy of emerging vaccines and antibody therapeutics. Here, we demonstrate that the immunodominant SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) receptor binding motif (RBM) is a highly variable region of S and provide epidemiological, clinical, and molecular characterization of a prevalent, sentinel RBM mutation, N439K. We demonstrate N439K S protein has enhanced binding affinity to the hACE2 receptor, and N439K viruses have similar in vitro replication fitness and cause infections with similar clinical outcomes as compared to wild type. We show the N439K mutation confers resistance against several neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, including one authorized for emergency use by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and reduces the activity of some polyclonal sera from persons recovered from infection. Immune evasion mutations that maintain virulence and fitness such as N439K can emerge within SARS-CoV-2 S, highlighting the need for ongoing molecular surveillance to guide development and usage of vaccines and therapeutics.

Published
2021

8. Mapping Neutralizing and Immunodominant Sites on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain by Structure-Guided High-Resolution Serology

Author

Piccoli, Luca, Park, Young-Jun, Tortorici, M Alejandra, Czudnochowski, Nadine, Walls, Alexandra C, Beltramello, Martina, Silacci-Fregni, Chiara, Pinto, Dora, Rosen, Laura E, Bowen, John E, Acton, Oliver J, Jaconi, Stefano, Guarino, Barbara, Minola, Andrea, Zatta, Fabrizia, Sprugasci, Nicole, Bassi, Jessica, Peter, Alessia, De Marco, Anna, Nix, Jay C, Mele, Federico, Jovic, Sandra, Rodriguez, Blanca Fernandez, Gupta, Sneha V, Jin, Feng, Piumatti, Giovanni, Lo Presti, Giorgia, Pellanda, Alessandra Franzetti, Biggiogero, Maira, Tarkowski, Maciej, Pizzuto, Matteo S, Cameroni, Elisabetta, Havenar-Daughton, Colin, Smithey, Megan, Hong, David, Lepori, Valentino, Albanese, Emiliano, Ceschi, Alessandro, Bernasconi, Enos, Elzi, Luigia, Ferrari, Paolo, Garzoni, Christian, Riva, Agostino, Snell, Gyorgy, Sallusto, Federica, Fink, Katja, Virgin, Herbert W, Lanzavecchia, Antonio, Corti, Davide, and Veesler, David

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Clinical Research, Lung, Pneumonia & Influenza, Biodefense, Immunization, Prevention, Infectious Diseases, Pneumonia, Vaccine Related, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Betacoronavirus, Binding Sites, COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections, Epitope Mapping, Epitopes, Humans, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin M, Kinetics, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Pandemics, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, Pneumonia, Viral, Protein Binding, Protein Domains, Protein Structure, Quaternary, SARS-CoV-2, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, coronaviruses, effector functions, immunity, neutralizing antibodies, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Analysis of the specificity and kinetics of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for understanding immune protection and identifying targets for vaccine design. In a cohort of 647 SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects, we found that both the magnitude of Ab responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleoprotein and nAb titers correlate with clinical scores. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) is immunodominant and the target of 90% of the neutralizing activity present in SARS-CoV-2 immune sera. Whereas overall RBD-specific serum IgG titers waned with a half-life of 49 days, nAb titers and avidity increased over time for some individuals, consistent with affinity maturation. We structurally defined an RBD antigenic map and serologically quantified serum Abs specific for distinct RBD epitopes leading to the identification of two major receptor-binding motif antigenic sites. Our results explain the immunodominance of the receptor-binding motif and will guide the design of COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics.

Published
2020

12. Altered TMPRSS2 usage by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron impacts infectivity and fusogenicity

Author

Meng, Bo, Abdullahi, Adam, Ferreira, Isabella A. T. M., Goonawardane, Niluka, Saito, Akatsuki, Kimura, Izumi, Yamasoba, Daichi, Gerber, Pehuén Pereyra, Fatihi, Saman, Rathore, Surabhi, Zepeda, Samantha K., Papa, Guido, Kemp, Steven A., Ikeda, Terumasa, Toyoda, Mako, Tan, Toong Seng, Kuramochi, Jin, Mitsunaga, Shigeki, Ueno, Takamasa, Shirakawa, Kotaro, Takaori-Kondo, Akifumi, Brevini, Teresa, Mallery, Donna L., Charles, Oscar J., Bowen, John E., Joshi, Anshu, Walls, Alexandra C., Jackson, Laurelle, Martin, Darren, Smith, Kenneth G. C., Bradley, John, Briggs, John A. G., Choi, Jinwook, Madissoon, Elo, Meyer, Kerstin B., Mlcochova, Petra, Ceron-Gutierrez, Lourdes, Doffinger, Rainer, Teichmann, Sarah A., Fisher, Andrew J., Pizzuto, Matteo S., de Marco, Anna, Corti, Davide, Hosmillo, Myra, Lee, Joo Hyeon, James, Leo C., Thukral, Lipi, Veesler, David, Sigal, Alex, Sampaziotis, Fotios, Goodfellow, Ian G., Matheson, Nicholas J., Sato, Kei, and Gupta, Ravindra K.

Published
2022
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13. Broadly neutralizing antibodies overcome SARS-CoV-2 Omicron antigenic shift

Author

Cameroni, Elisabetta, Bowen, John E., Rosen, Laura E., Saliba, Christian, Zepeda, Samantha K., Culap, Katja, Pinto, Dora, VanBlargan, Laura A., De Marco, Anna, di Iulio, Julia, Zatta, Fabrizia, Kaiser, Hannah, Noack, Julia, Farhat, Nisar, Czudnochowski, Nadine, Havenar-Daughton, Colin, Sprouse, Kaitlin R., Dillen, Josh R., Powell, Abigail E., Chen, Alex, Maher, Cyrus, Yin, Li, Sun, David, Soriaga, Leah, Bassi, Jessica, Silacci-Fregni, Chiara, Gustafsson, Claes, Franko, Nicholas M., Logue, Jenni, Iqbal, Najeeha Talat, Mazzitelli, Ignacio, Geffner, Jorge, Grifantini, Renata, Chu, Helen, Gori, Andrea, Riva, Agostino, Giannini, Olivier, Ceschi, Alessandro, Ferrari, Paolo, Cippà, Pietro E., Franzetti-Pellanda, Alessandra, Garzoni, Christian, Halfmann, Peter J., Kawaoka, Yoshihiro, Hebner, Christy, Purcell, Lisa A., Piccoli, Luca, Pizzuto, Matteo Samuele, Walls, Alexandra C., Diamond, Michael S., Telenti, Amalio, Virgin, Herbert W., Lanzavecchia, Antonio, Snell, Gyorgy, Veesler, David, and Corti, Davide

Published
2022
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15. Functional, Chemical, and Phytotoxic Characteristics of Cestrum parqui L'Herit: An Overview.

Author

Di Meo, Maria Chiara, Di Marino, Cinzia, Napoletano, Pasquale, De Marco, Anna, Bianchi, Anna Rita, Pedatella, Silvana, and Palatucci, Domenico

Subjects
SCIENTIFIC knowledge, BIOPESTICIDES, EXTRACTION techniques, METABOLITES, BOTANICAL chemistry
Abstract

Cestrum parqui L'Herit. (Solanaceae family) is a species of forest shrub, self-incompatible and specialized in pollination, widespread in the subtropical area of the planet, and now widely distributed also in the Mediterranean area. The constituents of its leaves have antimicrobial, anticancer, insecticidal, antifeedant, molluscicidal, and herbicidal properties. The spread of this species represents a valuable source of compounds with high biological value. Various research groups are engaged in defining the chemical composition of the different parts of the plant and in defining its properties in view of important and promising commercial applications. To date, there are only a few incomplete reports on the potential applications of C. parqui extracts as selective natural pesticides and on their potential phytotoxic role. Scientific knowledge and the use of extraction techniques for these components are essential for commercial applications. This article summarizes the research and recent studies available on the botany, phytochemistry, functional properties, and commercial applications of C. parqui. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Author Correction: A pan-influenza antibody inhibiting neuraminidase via receptor mimicry

Author

Momont, Corey, Dang, Ha V., Zatta, Fabrizia, Hauser, Kevin, Wang, Caihong, di Iulio, Julia, Minola, Andrea, Czudnochowski, Nadine, De Marco, Anna, Branch, Kaitlin, Donermeyer, David, Vyas, Siddhant, Chen, Alex, Ferri, Elena, Guarino, Barbara, Powell, Abigail E., Spreafico, Roberto, Yim, Samantha S., Balce, Dale R., Bartha, Istvan, Meury, Marcel, Croll, Tristan I., Belnap, David M., Schmid, Michael A., Schaiff, William Timothy, Miller, Jessica L., Cameroni, Elisabetta, Telenti, Amalio, Virgin, Herbert W., Rosen, Laura E., Purcell, Lisa A., Lanzavecchia, Antonio, Snell, Gyorgy, Corti, Davide, and Pizzuto, Matteo Samuele

Published
2023
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19. Broad sarbecovirus neutralization by a human monoclonal antibody

Author

Tortorici, M. Alejandra, Czudnochowski, Nadine, Starr, Tyler N., Marzi, Roberta, Walls, Alexandra C., Zatta, Fabrizia, Bowen, John E., Jaconi, Stefano, Di Iulio, Julia, Wang, Zhaoqian, De Marco, Anna, Zepeda, Samantha K., Pinto, Dora, Liu, Zhuoming, Beltramello, Martina, Bartha, Istvan, Housley, Michael P., Lempp, Florian A., Rosen, Laura E., Dellota, Jr, Exequiel, Kaiser, Hannah, Montiel-Ruiz, Martin, Zhou, Jiayi, Addetia, Amin, Guarino, Barbara, Culap, Katja, Sprugasci, Nicole, Saliba, Christian, Vetti, Eneida, Giacchetto-Sasselli, Isabella, Fregni, Chiara Silacci, Abdelnabi, Rana, Foo, Shi-Yan Caroline, Havenar-Daughton, Colin, Schmid, Michael A., Benigni, Fabio, Cameroni, Elisabetta, Neyts, Johan, Telenti, Amalio, Virgin, Herbert W., Whelan, Sean P. J., Snell, Gyorgy, Bloom, Jesse D., Corti, Davide, Veesler, David, and Pizzuto, Matteo Samuele

Published
2021
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22. Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 to mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies

Author

Collier, Dami A., De Marco, Anna, Ferreira, Isabella A. T. M., Meng, Bo, Datir, Rawlings P., Walls, Alexandra C., Kemp, Steven A., Bassi, Jessica, Pinto, Dora, Silacci-Fregni, Chiara, Bianchi, Siro, Tortorici, M. Alejandra, Bowen, John, Culap, Katja, Jaconi, Stefano, Cameroni, Elisabetta, Snell, Gyorgy, Pizzuto, Matteo S., Pellanda, Alessandra Franzetti, Garzoni, Christian, Riva, Agostino, Elmer, Anne, Kingston, Nathalie, Graves, Barbara, McCoy, Laura E., Smith, Kenneth G. C., Bradley, John R., Temperton, Nigel, Ceron-Gutierrez, Lourdes, Barcenas-Morales, Gabriela, Harvey, William, Virgin, Herbert W., Lanzavecchia, Antonio, Piccoli, Luca, Doffinger, Rainer, Wills, Mark, Veesler, David, Corti, Davide, and Gupta, Ravindra K.

Published
2021
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27. Discourse Markers in Italian as L2 in Face to Face vs. Computer Mediated Settings

Author

De Marco, Anna and Leone, Paola

Abstract

This pilot study aims to highlight a) differences in pragmatic function and distribution of discourse markers (DMs) in computer mediated and face to face (FtF) settings and b) any correlation of DM uses and language competence. The data have been collected by video-recording and analysing three speakers of Italian L2 (language level competence: A2, B2) talking with an Italian native speaker face to face and through computer mediated video calls. A pragmatic functional approach has been applied for analysing data. Our investigation shows that the difference between face to face and computer mediated environments is worth noting only in less expert L2 speakers' discourse (i.e. A2 level). In fact, less advanced learners show a tendency to use more discourse markers with an interactional function (specifically addressee oriented) in face to face than in virtual environments. Conversely, there is no remarkable difference in the use of discourse markers by the two more expert speakers. [For full proceedings, see ED565044.]

Published
2013

28. Computer Mediated Conversation for Mutual Learning: Acknowledgement and Agreement/Assessment Signals in Italian as L2

Author

De Marco, Anna and Leone, Paola

Abstract

The current study aims to investigate form, composition, distribution of acknowledgement and agreement/assessment signals in upper intermediate/advanced Italian as L2 speakers. Data are video-transcribed computer mediated conversations for mutual language learning (Teletandem) during which two female volunteer university students (L1: English and German) talk with a native speaker (NS) female interlocutor (L1: Italian) for developing L2 language proficiency. For each pair, data have been collected during two different meetings: meeting 1 comprises free discussion for mutual introductions; meeting 2 is a discussion on a topic chosen by the Italian non-native speaker. The analysis shows that L2 subjects employ a great variety of (1) acknowledgement and agreement listener responses; (2) both lexical and non-lexical units whose functions, positions and frequency are affected by the level of involvement in the discourse; and (3) acquaintance of the two speakers and by the type of task. Particularly in the second meeting, when a topic is discussed, non-native speakers (NNSs) use more lexical units than in the first meeting, thus highlighting the relevance of situational variables over the discourse structure. [For the complete volume, see ED574893.]

Published
2012

29. Author Correction: Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 to mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies

Author

Collier, Dami A., De Marco, Anna, Ferreira, Isabella A. T. M., Meng, Bo, Datir, Rawlings P., Walls, Alexandra C., Kemp, Steven A., Bassi, Jessica, Pinto, Dora, Silacci-Fregni, Chiara, Bianchi, Siro, Tortorici, M. Alejandra, Bowen, John, Culap, Katja, Jaconi, Stefano, Cameroni, Elisabetta, Snell, Gyorgy, Pizzuto, Matteo S., Pellanda, Alessandra Franzetti, Garzoni, Christian, Riva, Agostino, Elmer, Anne, Kingston, Nathalie, Graves, Barbara, McCoy, Laura E., Smith, Kenneth G. C., Bradley, John R., Temperton, Nigel, Ceron-Gutierrez, Lourdes, Barcenas-Morales, Gabriela, Harvey, William, Virgin, Herbert W., Lanzavecchia, Antonio, Piccoli, Luca, Doffinger, Rainer, Wills, Mark, Veesler, David, Corti, Davide, and Gupta, Ravindra K.

Published
2022
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30. Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by a human monoclonal SARS-CoV antibody

Author

Pinto, Dora, Park, Young-Jun, Beltramello, Martina, Walls, Alexandra C., Tortorici, M. Alejandra, Bianchi, Siro, Jaconi, Stefano, Culap, Katja, Zatta, Fabrizia, De Marco, Anna, Peter, Alessia, Guarino, Barbara, Spreafico, Roberto, Cameroni, Elisabetta, Case, James Brett, Chen, Rita E., Havenar-Daughton, Colin, Snell, Gyorgy, Telenti, Amalio, Virgin, Herbert W., Lanzavecchia, Antonio, Diamond, Michael S., Fink, Katja, Veesler, David, and Corti, Davide

Published
2020
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32. Non-Lethal Assessment of Land Use Change Effects in Water and Soil of Algerian Riparian Areas along the Medjerda River through the Biosentinel Bufo spinosus Daudin.

Author

Napoletano, Pasquale, Guezgouz, Noureddine, Benradia, Imen, Benredjem, Sarra, Parisi, Costantino, Guerriero, Giulia, and De Marco, Anna

Subjects
RIPARIAN areas, LAND use, SOIL moisture, COPPER, SKIN biopsy, AGRICULTURE
Abstract

The land use change can negatively impact ecosystems, enriching water and soil with heavy metals (HMs). The fragile riparian areas along the Medjerda River of Northern Algeria are particularly affected by this phenomenon, and biological tools able to combine information about both matrices can be preferred in their monitoring. This research aimed to evaluate the suitability of the spiny toad (Bufo spinosus D.) as a biomonitor for assessing the impact of three different land uses (agricultural (AGR), urban (URB), and industrial (IND) managements) on soil and water for Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn by using the non-lethal skin biopsy. The IND land use, followed by URB, mostly impacted soils for Cu and Pb, whereas management was not able to influence water differently despite worrying Pb levels. The cluster analysis allows to show that toad responds like soil in terms of land use and like water for HMs, as it is possibly related to the metal–chemical affinity. Although the single skin analyses do not display any difference among the managements, the bioaccumulation factor (BF > 1) shows that B. spinosus absorbs more HMs from water; skin accumulates Fe and Zn regardless of the land use, probably for both natural and anthropogenic assimilation and Pb and Cu for URB and IND, as it is related to their ionic forms and human impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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36. Dimeric phenanthrenoids: possible biogenetic pathway and missing compounds.

Author

Di Fabio, Giovanni, De Marco, Anna, Ladhari, Afef, and Zarrelli, Armando

Subjects
DRUG discovery, METABOLITES, LABOR time, RESEARCH personnel, BIOMARKERS
Abstract

Secondary metabolites extracted from plants have historically been critical for drug discovery, but their isolation involves expensive and complicated procedures in terms of time and labor resources. Thus, the biogenetic pathway offers the possibility of identifying specific compounds that have not yet been isolated and predicting their isolation from specific natural sources. In plants, biphenanthrenes represent a relatively small group of aromatic secondary metabolites that are considered as important taxonomic markers with promising biological activities. To date, 38 mixed phenanthrenoid dimers have been identified, the biosynthesis of which involves the radical coupling of the two subunits, namely, a phenanthrene and a dihydrophenanthrene. For each of the compounds, it is possible to identify the single phenanthrenic and dihydrophenanthrenic units constituting the considered dimer. Based on the biogenetic pathway, it is possible to identify 19 phenanthrenes and 17 dihydrophenanthrenes, and to distinguish those already known from those not yet isolated. By comparing the results of the possible biosynthetic pathway for each compound with the data in the literature, it is possible to identify three known phenanthrenes and seven known dihydrophenanthrenes, as well as eleven new phenanthrenes and five new dihydrophenanthrenes, and to identify from which plant it is possible to isolate them. This could direct the work of researchers seeking to identify known or new molecules useful for their possible biological properties, and ultimately, to confirm the veracity of the proposed and generally accepted biosynthetic pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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37. 'NOI ITALIANI SIAMO COSÌ': REALIZZARE L’IDENTITÀ IN UNA CONVERSAZIONE DI EMIGRATI ITALIANI

Author

De Marco, Anna and Palumbo, Mariagrazia

Abstract

Una delle questioni principali nel campo della linguistica migrazionale è senza dubbio la costruzione dell’identità intesa come la costruzione linguistica dell’appartenenza ad uno o più gruppi sociali o categorie, costruita attraverso determinate pratiche linguistiche. La nozione d’identità è considerata un costrutto flessibile: la stessa persona può mettere in scena identità multiple in dipendenza dai diversi contesti d’interazione. La presente ricerca si concentra sul modo in cui le identità sono costruite e in particolare sulle strategie usate dai parlanti per rappresentare le proprie identità. I dati sono tratti dalle conversazioni di sette emigranti calabresi e mostrano come gli informanti indessicalizzano la loro identità come appartenente alla propria cultura o alla cultura del paese d’arrivo. “Noi italiani siamo così”: realising identity in Italian migrants’ conversations One of the main issues in the field of migration linguistics is the construction of identity within discursive practices where speakers call their identities into question starting from the language. Indeed, identity is intended as the linguistic construction of the membership to one or more social groups or categories that are constructed through the use of communicative practices. We assume the notion of identity as a flexible construct: the same person can enact multiple identities depending on the different contexts of interaction. Our study focuses on the way identities are built and used in an encounter and, in particular, on the following research questions: Which strategies do speakers use to represent their identity? Which kind of identity do they perform? Data are taken from the conversations of seven Calabrian emigrants. Our data show that informants alternatively classify themselves as part of their own culture or the culture of the host country, through the stories they tell, showing a plurality of emerging and conflictual identities.

Published
2023

40. Indirect effects of trophic interactions govern carbon circulation in two beech forest soil ecosystems

Author

Lozano Fondon, Carlos, Scotti, Marco, Innangi, Michele, Bondavalli, Cristina, De Marco, Anna, Virzo De Santo, Amalia, Fioretto, Antonietta, Menta, Cristina, Bodini, Antonio, Lozano Fondon, Carlos, Scotti, Marco, Innangi, Michele, Bondavalli, Cristina, De Marco, Anna, Virzo De Santo, Amalia, Fioretto, Antonietta, Menta, Cristina, and Bodini, Antonio

Abstract

Forest soils harbour a vast array of organisms that govern the processing of organic matter. Through their trophic interactions, they give rise to carbon flows that sustain soil ecosystem functioning. Understanding how soil food webs shape carbon flows may enhance our knowledge about the role of biodiversity on soil processes. In this work, we assembled trophic networks representing soil food webs of two beech forests during spring and autumn, and compiled mass-balanced models quantifying carbon flows between their components. These models were investigated using network analysis to identify the role of the components on carbon flow, cycling and functional trophic relationships. Moreover, we explored how the structure of carbon exchanges promote efficiency and stability. Results indicate the importance of indirect interactions. Most trophic groups exhibit a diffuse dependency on all the compartments for their carbon requirement although certain groups such as Collembola play the role of hubs in distributing carbon. Indirect interactions often reverse the impacts of direct trophic relationships being antagonistic to the direction of change predicted based on predator–prey interactions. The high incidence of generalist feeding habits increases the redundancy of energy channels thereby making such food webs more resilient against perturbations but at the expense of carbon transfer efficiency. Although differences can be observed across sites and periods, food web structure rather than environmental variability seems to be the main factor responsible for patterns of carbon flows in the two beech forests. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Published
2023
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41. Le proteste nell’italiano di nativi e non nativi: strategie e meccanismi di modulazione

Author

De Marco, Anna

Subjects
Speech act of complaint, second language acquisition, (socio)pragmatics
Abstract

The research presented in this contribution aims to observe and describe the pragmalingusitic and sociopragmatic competence of L2 Italian learners, with different L1s, while carrying out the communicative act of complaining. The focus of the study is a first exploration of the linguistic behaviors natives and non-natives display in the use of their strategies and their distribution with reference to the type of relationship between the interlocutors which varies according to their hierarchical relationship (P) and social distance (D), and the communicative situation. Results show a general difficulty for learners with a low level of proficiency to use all the strategies and to adapt them to the different situations and to the relationship they maintain with the interlocutors. Learners with a higher level of competence show a greater variety of modifications and of supporting acts although not always appropriate to the roles speakers play in the different situations., Studi di glottodidattica, V. 7, N. 3 (2022)

Published
2023
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43. Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Author

Park, Young-Jun, primary, Pinto, Dora, additional, Walls, Alexandra C., additional, Liu, Zhuoming, additional, De Marco, Anna, additional, Benigni, Fabio, additional, Zatta, Fabrizia, additional, Silacci-Fregni, Chiara, additional, Bassi, Jessica, additional, Sprouse, Kaitlin R., additional, Addetia, Amin, additional, Bowen, John E., additional, Stewart, Cameron, additional, Giurdanella, Martina, additional, Saliba, Christian, additional, Guarino, Barbara, additional, Schmid, Michael A., additional, Franko, Nicholas M., additional, Logue, Jennifer K., additional, Dang, Ha V., additional, Hauser, Kevin, additional, di Iulio, Julia, additional, Rivera, William, additional, Schnell, Gretja, additional, Rajesh, Anushka, additional, Zhou, Jiayi, additional, Farhat, Nisar, additional, Kaiser, Hannah, additional, Montiel-Ruiz, Martin, additional, Noack, Julia, additional, Lempp, Florian A., additional, Janer, Javier, additional, Abdelnabi, Rana, additional, Maes, Piet, additional, Ferrari, Paolo, additional, Ceschi, Alessandro, additional, Giannini, Olivier, additional, de Melo, Guilherme Dias, additional, Kergoat, Lauriane, additional, Bourhy, Hervé, additional, Neyts, Johan, additional, Soriaga, Leah, additional, Purcell, Lisa A., additional, Snell, Gyorgy, additional, Whelan, Sean P. J., additional, Lanzavecchia, Antonio, additional, Virgin, Herbert W., additional, Piccoli, Luca, additional, Chu, Helen Y., additional, Pizzuto, Matteo Samuele, additional, Corti, Davide, additional, and Veesler, David, additional

Published
2022
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45. The combined role of plant cover and fire occurrence on soil properties reveals response to wildfire in the Mediterranean basin

Author

Memoli, Valeria, primary, Santorufo, Lucia, additional, Santini, Giorgia, additional, Ruggiero, Anna Gabriella, additional, Giarra, Antonella, additional, Ranieri, Pasquale, additional, Di Natale, Gabriella, additional, Ceccherini, Maria Teresa, additional, Trifuoggi, Marco, additional, Barile, Rossella, additional, De Marco, Anna, additional, and Maisto, Giulia, additional

Published
2022
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48. Nitrogen‐fixing cushion Astragalus siculus modulates soil fertility, microclimate, plant facilitation, bacterial and fungal microbiota along an elevation gradient.

Author

Bonanomi, Giuliano, Idbella, Mohamed, Stinca, Adriano, Maisto, Giulia, De Marco, Anna, Giusso Del Galdo, Gian Pietro, Guarino, Riccardo, and Zotti, Maurizio

Subjects
ASTRAGALUS (Plants), SOIL fertility, ALTITUDES, VASCULAR plants, SOIL temperature, SOILS
Abstract

Question: Cushion‐forming vascular plants are adapted to alpine environments and act as ecosystem engineers by moderating microclimate and creating a fertility island under their canopy. Most of the available studies on cushion ecology have been devoted to plant facilitation, but none used a holistic approach that considers the response of co‐existing plant species with other key ecosystem players. Here, we quantified the biogenic effect and facilitation capacity of Astragalus siculus, a spiny nitrogen‐fixing cushion plant, and test the hypothesis that the facilitation effect would increase with elevation as stress gradient. Location: Mount Etna, the highest active volcano in the Mediterranean Basin. Methods: We combined chemical characterization of the soil with a description of the soil microbiota by high‐throughput sequencing of bacterial and eukaryotic rRNA gene markers carried out at three elevations, that is 1650, 1900 and 2210 m a.s.l. In addition, we analysed the microclimate outside and inside the Astragalus canopy to assess the linkages between above‐ and below‐ground ecosystem compartments and quantified the occurrence of co‐existing vascular plants. Results: Astragalus cushions have strong biogenic effects on above‐ and below‐ground conditions by dramatically increasing soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks at 1900 and 2210 m elevation. Moreover, a buffering of soil temperature and moisture regimes was recorded, with lower temperatures in summer but higher in winter inside the cushions. Cushions harbour a specific bacterial and fungal microbiota compared to external bare soil. Stem density and cushion height increase significantly with altitude, as does the nurse effect of the cushion on the growth and survival of co‐existing vascular plants. Conclusions: As a result of cushion biogenic environmental changes, the effect of Astragalus on some of the co‐existing species shifted from negative or null at 1650 m to facilitative along the elevation gradient. Furthermore, our data show a relationship between Astragalus morphological traits and soil biogenic changes related to soil chemistry and microbiota that affect plant interaction and coexistence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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