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Veno-arterial differences for energy substrates across hindlimb tissues were measured in baboon infants at birth and at 6 weeks. Hindlimb glucose uptake was 2.36 ± 0.80 μM/min in the newly born baboons and 1.81 ± 0.56 μM/min in the 6-week-old infants. The major precursor released by the infant baboon hindlimb was lactate, although release of alanine and glycerol was significant. These studies complement previous data suggesting that glycolysis is a major pathway for energy production in the infant primate.